In this study, a QTL mapping method combining multiple traits is proposed. The key feature of the new method is that it tests all possible traits and chooses those affected traits in the model for a specific QTL, whereas these “working” traits may be different for different QTL. The BIC model selection criteria was used to choose the best model and to ascertain the “working” traits; then the “working”

The establishment of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Martinique is an old story. Some authors believe that the first cocoa trees were planted there by the native Caribbean people, while others indicate that cocoa was introduced in the seventeenth century. Since then, the history of cocoa farming in Martinique has been punctuated by different waves of introduction from various countries and by cyclonic

Genetic improvements of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] may reduce the problems of anemia and stunted growth among millet dependent staple food consumers. The availability of variation in diverse-breeding lines is essential to improve grain micronutrients in high-yielding cultivars. This study aimed to determine the extent of variability, heritability

The conservation of seed germplasm is one of the most important ways to maintain the genetic variability of genetic resources, such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These two species are fundamental for the food security and agribusiness of many countries, including Brazil. The efficient use of germplasm depends on the maintenance of the germination potential and the genetic

Wild populations of Brassica oleracea subsp. oleracea growing on European Atlantic coasts deserve attention since their diversity could contribute useful alleles to the Brassica oleracea cole crops (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, etc.). These populations have also been proposed as the source from which cole crops have been domesticated. Other authors have challenged their natural origin and suspected

Damask rose (Rosa × damascena Herrm.) is the most important scented rose species, which some of its varieties are great importance for rose oil production. In the present survey, a total of 327 accessions of wild Damask rose from 21 geographically distinct regions of Iran were collected and transplanted in a protected conservation garden. After 2 years of plants establishment, phenotypic variation

Cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes encode glycosyltransferases thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides; however, the exact function is not established yet for many of them. We performed a bioinformatics search of CSL genes in the flax genome, their phylogenetic analysis and evaluated expression of CSL genes in the course of plant development and in various

Jacquemontia sandwicensis A. Gray (Convolvulaceae) is an endemic, coastal species that has potential use for hanging baskets in Hawaii. Morphological variation exists in the wild, but efforts to collect, characterize and identify selections for hanging baskets have not yet been conducted. The objectives of this study were to: (1) characterize six accessions collected from Maui (Ahihi-Kinau, McGregor

Glycine tomentella Hayata is characterized by a lack of adventitious roots. In China, G. tomentella is distributed only on the southeastern coast. Here, 59 G. tomentella natural populations on the islands and coasts in Fujian and Guangdong Provinces were morphologically investigated. We discovered G. tomentella (2n = 80 tetraploid) having adventitious roots existed ubiquitously along the southeastern

Medicago minima (L.) Bartal. is a member of the Fabaceae family, which grows in arid and semi-arid environments. This species is of great interest, especially from agronomy, however, so little research devoted to this subject. This study aimed to investigate the morphological diversity of the Tunisian M. minima populations using the agro morphological markers. Statistically confirmed, our results suggest

Discovering new genetic mutations is vital for expanding genetic resources for exploring the functions and breeding applications of genes. In this study, we created new mutant populations of rice and evaluated its effectiveness by using a chemical mutagen diepoxybutane (DEB) with the expectation of manageably causing small-scale deletions that induce knock-out mutations. Compared with the more common

The economically important Allium ampeloprasum L. represents a polyploid complex, comprising hexa- and octoploid Great Headed Garlic horticultural cultivars (6x–8x GHG) and several traditional varieties of the tetraploid (4x) leeks (Leek, Bulbous leek, Kurrat and Pearl onion). Its wild representatives were indicated as rare in the Mediterranean region. This study aims to explore the diversity and origin

Wheat and its relatives include some allopolyploid species such as Aegilops juvenalis (Thell.) Eig (DDMMUU) and Aegilops vavilovii (Zhuk.) Chenn. (DDMMSS). Here, we successfully produced for the first time three allodecaploid lines with the AABBDDMMUU and AABBDDMMSS genomes through interspecific crosses between a tetraploid wheat cultivar and the two Aegilops species. Spike architecture of the synthetic

The Coffea genus includes about 124 species, of which Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner are the most commercially important, supplying 63 and 37% of the world coffee production, respectively. C. arabica L. is associated with better cup quality, but presents serious problems with pests and diseases, potentiated by climate change. The development of new varieties of C. arabica

Genetic erosion, mainly caused by the replacement of local landraces with high yielding or exotic varieties is causing loss of agrobiodiversity. Landraces of horticultural species, grown by small producers, represent today an important value in the preservation of agrobiodiversity. Umbria, a region of central Italy, is characterized by agricultural systems linked to tradition and cultivation of local

There are numerous soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding programs in Europe focused on development of elite non genetically modified (GM) cultivars for fast growing market of GM-free proteins for animal feed. Due to low variability of visual descriptors and mostly unknown pedigrees, divergent parents’ selection for crosses is a great challenge. Another challenge is cultivar distinction and protection

There are numerous and different uses of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil (e.o.) and experimental results indicating which of the e.o. components is responsible for a specific biological activity. Consequently, it is worth to consider not only the seasonal variation of the the e.o. content but also the proportion of e.o. components that might vary according to season as well. Our

Ever since the dawn of agriculture in the evolution history of human civilization, the food production system has witnessed drastic changes. One basic entity in this system that has unparallelly withstood the tests of time is the ‘Seed’. The seed is the first link between production and consumption in the food chain. For centuries the farmers have been the saviours and propagators of these indigenous

Recently, a clover-breeding program has been launched using the genetic diversity of wild clover species (Trifolium spp.) in order to release new clover germplasms in Iran. Seed dormancy was the major limitation for using these germplasms. To resolve this issue, 12 accessions of T. campestre Scherb., T. diffusum Ehrh., T. echinatum M. Bieb., T. hirtum All., and T. lappaceum L., wild species, together

The Hungarian pear gene bank, located and founded in Keszthely in 1981, contains 210 pear cultivars including regional cultivars, cultivars of foreign origin and standard commercial cultivars. There are some cultivars with synonym names in the pear gene bank and in other pear growing areas within the Hungary. The aim of our work was to systematically analyse the genotypes of Hungarian cultivars in

Stripe rust, which is caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) diseases worldwide. To control stripe rust, the best strategy is breeding and growing novel resistant cultivars. Qubaichun (QBC), a Tibetan wheat landrace, displays near-immune resistance to wheat stripe rust in western China. Previously, our studies have shown that

Indigenous fruit tree species (IFTs) can play a crucial role in poverty alleviation and as a source of food in South Africa. Although these species contain nutrient-rich edible fruits that are also locally processed to food products such as jams and jellies, they are still underutilized and also harvested from the wild. This study aimed to prioritize in northern KwaZulu-Natal, IFTs with domestication

The original version of this article was revised: In the original publication of the article, the word “symbol” was mistakenly added to the article title.

Genetically modified (GM) crops are developed and cultivated worldwide, providing protection against insects and diseases, or tolerance to herbicides. However, despite the advantages that GM crops, they pose many concerns not only to human and animal health but also to the environment. In the present study, we perform inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP)-PCR to reveal SIRE1, Bagy2 and

Crop wild relatives (CWR) have contributed to crop domestication for millennia, but nowadays due also to human over exploitation of plants and other environmental resources they are threatened and hence they need protection to guaranty plant evolution and food supply for future human generations. At the moment, definition and identification of CWR inside plant community is made according to the taxon

Camellia oleifera Abel. is a cultivable plant with important economic value. It is very helpful for the scientific utilization, cultivation and preservation of germplasm resources through evaluating the genetic diversity. In this study, we estimated the genetic distances of 135 accessions of C. oleifera using ISSR and SCoT markers, respectively. The genetic dissimilarity coefficients of ISSR markers

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food source for more than half of the world’s population, so determining the best hybrid line to produce hybrids with high grain yield and high cooking quality is important for proper crosses. In this study, 60 microsatellite markers were used in 63 rice genotypes of Central and West Asia to group rice cultivars. Based on data from 60 markers, it was observed

The vascular plant one zinc-finger (VOZ) transcription factors have been found to be associated with several important traits in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.), including regulation of stress signaling, flowering and photoperiodic pathways. The VOZ2 protein has particularly been revealed to regulate the expression of the target genes. However, the role of VOZ gene family in the elucidation

The selection of fine flavour cocoa and coffee varieties can lead to attractive niche markets but germplasm need to be analysed for non-volatile compounds and aroma precursors. In the present study, green beans of 202 Theobroma cacao L. accessions (acc.), 64 Coffea arabica L. acc., 35 C. canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner, 7 C. arabusta Capot & Aké Assi and 2 C. canephora × C. congensis A. Froehner hybrids

As the D genome progenitor of common wheat, Aegilops tauschii Cosson is geographically widespread in central Eurasia. In spite of intensive global studies, the origin and population structure of Ae. tauschii from China is still ambiguous. In this work, we detected 4245 single nucleotide polymorphism across 67 Ae. tauschii accessions from whole natural habitat to re-evaluate the population structure

A greenhouse experiment of crossing eight accessions of peas (Pisum L.), representing their different taxa and divergent lineages, with each other and to self has been carried out, aimed at evaluating reproductive barriers inside this genus which may be of importance for pre-breeding. The results of crosses involving the cultivated pea, P. sativum L. subsp. sativum, and Pisum fulvum Sibth. et Smith

Stripe rust (yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is considered as a major threat to the wheat production worldwide, including Pakistan. In the current study, 80 wheat landraces collected from different agroecological zones of Pakistan were screened for their stripe rust resistance. Molecular markers were used to identify/postulate the stripe rust genes in these landraces

Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile, Asteraceae) (GRIN, The Plant List 2013) has a long history of usage in traditional herbal medicine and is still today amongst the most important medicinal plants. Despite this importance, genetic diversity of cultivated and wild germplasm of M. chamomilla was rarely investigated so far. The objective of this study was to estimate the mitochondrial (mt) diversity

A renewed interest in the present state of genebanks conserving pasture genetic resources worldwide motivated this study to quantify the wealth of grass (Poaceae) diversity indigenous to southern Africa, here defined as South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini (previously Swaziland). Botanical occurrence records were extracted from BODATSA and PHYTOBAS datasets to generate a list of grass species indigenous

Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], is an important food crop worldwide. Weed management is consistently ranked among the top priorities of the sweetpotato industry in the United States (U.S.). Unfortunately, weed management of sweetpotato in the U.S. can be challenging as there are few herbicides labeled for use on the crop. Clomazone is one of the most widely used herbicides on sweetpotato in

Tobacco is an important commercial crop in India and other parts of the world. Recently, Orobanche cernua Loefl. (broomrape), a total root parasite is causing considerable yield losses to tobacco crop cultivated in India. Control strategies focusing largely on agronomic practices are not successful in achieving its control. Unfortunately there is no tobacco variety having good levels of resistance

Out of various species of Ziziphus, there are three, namely Z. mauritiana Lam., Z. rotundifolia Lam. and Z. nummularia (Burm. f.) wt., that are most abundantly occurring species in drier part of India. Z. mauritiana has socio-economic importance in the rural life of the local people being part of each and every farming system supplying food, fuel, fodder, fencing and nutritious fresh as well as value

India has been predicted as a center of origin of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) with large number of wild and weedy relatives distributed across the Indian subcontinent. Fruit and Shoot Borer (FSB) is one of the most devastating insect pests of brinjal causing production losses up to 80%. Bt technology has played a key role in imparting FSB resistance in brinjal. In 2013, Bt brinjal event EE1 was

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) is a valuable genetic resource for wheat improvement because of its high resistance to diseases and high tillering ability. In the present study, a wheat-P. huashanica derived line, designated DH5, was developed. Cytological observations and genomic in situ hybridization analysis suggested that DH5 had a chromosome karyotype of 2n = 42 + Ti (Ti is

Understanding the genetic diversity among accessions and germplasm is an important requirement for crop development as it allows for the selection of diverse parental combinations for enhancing genetic gain in varietal selection, advancement and release. The study aimed to characterize 183 provitamin A cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) accessions and five Sierra Leonean varieties using morphological

A center of origin of cultivated species defined as the geographical area where a particular species originated or differentiated from another and began its domestication process. The interactions between the different factors (climate, soil, macro, and micro-organisms) present in the centers of origin have allowed the selection of specific phenotypic characteristics propitiating the adaptation of

Understanding folk classification system of perceived variation and preferences in fruit traits are necessary to effectively engage farmers in the domestication of wild edible fruit tree species. Social attributes can help to better understand perception of variation, and preferences. We focused on Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth., a valuable fruit tree in Benin, examining the folk classification systems

Rough lemon (Citrus × jambhiri Lush.) is one of the important species largely used as a rootstock for commercial plantations of Citrus across the world. In the present study, thirty-eight accessions of C. jambhiri were characterized using morphological and SSR markers for diversity analysis and population structure studies. Morphological characterization of 27 qualitative and 14 quantitative characters

Dendrobium officinale K. Kimura et Migo is an endangered and valuable medicinal herb. In order to understand the origin of D. officinale cultivars and the differences in germplasm resources, 81 D. officinale individuals including wild-collected, market-collected, and two germplasm resources from Zhejiang and Jiangxi province was scanned with 75 EST-SSRs. The number of alleles detected at each locus

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereals and is a major staple food in developing countries. However, in acid soils, its productivity is limited by aluminum (Al) toxicity. Wheat yield can be enhanced by modifying the spike-related traits. In order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Al tolerance, 167 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross

Gathering of wild food plants represent original practices of indigenous people. The uses of wild food plant species are not only important in traditional dishes but also for the people’s health based on the medicinal properties of the plants. This study was aimed to examine the diversity patterns and similarity of wild food plants in the Karen and Lawa communities, and to identify the effects of socio-demographic

The genus Artocarpus J.R. Forster & G. Forster shows a higher diversity along the tropics of Indo Malayan region to Australasia. The Artocarpus phylogeny is resolved in previous studies. According to morpho-genetic assessments, Artocarpus spp. have been subdivided into subgenera and sections. However, the published phylogenies did not comprise the Artocarpus spp. found in Sri Lanka, leaving an ambiguity

The genotyping of European fruit tree collections has helped to identify synonyms, determine parentage, reveal key specimens in the collections and provide information on the development of modern cultivars from one or several progenitors. However, studies on European plum Prunus domestica L. accessions have been lagging behind, mainly because of the hexaploid chromosome number. In this co-operative

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important staple crop for smallholder farmers, particularly in Eastern and Southern Africa. To support common bean breeding and seed dissemination, a high throughput SNP genotyping platform with 1500 established SNP assays has been developed at a genotyping service provider which allows breeders without their own genotyping infrastructure to outsource such

A number of genes that contribute to the domestication traits of cultivated rice have been identified. These include Sh4, Rc, PROG1 and LABA1, which are associated with non-shattering rachis, white pericarp, erect growth and barbless awns, respectively. The mutations giving rise to the "domestication alleles" of these genes are either invariable in cultivated rice, or have variability that is strictly

A recently developed synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum Kost., nom. nud. (2n = 6x = 42, AtAtGGAmAm) is described in the present study. This hexaploid taxon was developed by colchicine treatment in Martonvásár from the hybrid of a selected accession of Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. (2n = 4x = 28, AtAtGG) and a prebred semi-dwarf line of Triticum monococcum L. (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm). A detailed cytomolecular