Wampee [Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels] was originally native to the southern part of China, and had a long history of cultivation. Wampee has been an important species in the development of the fruit breeding program in the genus Clausena, family Rutaceae. In addition to fruit characteristics and bark color, it is difficult to distinguish different varieties of wampee, more difficult of identification

Palms constitute vital species for local people’s well-being, especially in West Africa. This analytic review aims at providing an overview of West African palms flora diversity, uses, ecology, and conservation. Scientific papers related to palms in West Africa were searched on electronic databases Google Scholar, Web of Science, and general web search on Google using the names of palms occurring in

Genomic Selection (GS) is a breeding technique that utilizes whole genome markers to make trait predictions. The goal of GS is to identify the top candidates that have the most desirable trait values. Usually, GS has been formulated as a regression problem where the marker data is used to predict phenotypic values. However, since the end goal of GS is identification of top candidates, ranking the individuals

‘Mexican June’ was a popular white, open-pollinated maize variety grown in the southwestern and southern USA. It was well adapted to both semi-arid and humid, hot environments and it was utilized for forage and grain. Its production waned with the maize hybrid revolution of the 1930s and 1940s—even though it was proven to outperform the new hybrids in hot, dry climates of the Southwest. The rising

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01185-6

Distinguishing among commercial varieties or accessions in a germplasm repository presents considerable challenges when dealing with common crops or large collections. In the genus Pisum L. the third intron of the gene STAYGREEN (SGR), responsible for the green/yellow cotyledon variation, contains a complex of repeat sequences that display considerable indel and single nucleotide (SNP) polymorphism

Garcinia L. is a pantropically distributed genus with high species richness in South East Asia. It is a tropical evergreen plant with distinct morphological characteristics and has a high degree of endemism. Outstanding features of the Garcinia L. genus are monopodial growth, leafy texture, oil cavities containing yellow or light-colored resins present on all parts of the plant and polygamodioecious

Geographic features play an important role in shaping the phylogeographic structures of species. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a widely studied medicinal crop. In this study, we used three cpDNA sequences (trnL–trnF, atpB–rbcL, and rpl16) to investigate the phylogeographic structure and evolutionary history of 190 S. miltiorrhiza endemic plants taken from 11 locations in the Qinling, Dabie, and Mengshan

Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Maréchal & Baudet) is an important source of protein and essential nutrients that contribute to food security in West Africa. However, the crop is still underexploited by the populations and under-researched by the scientific community. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 217 Kersting’s groundnut accessions

Carrot root being used as vegetable and salad due to the nutritional value, hence consumers demanding carrot production. Thus, the production can be achieved by an understanding of the genetics of root traits namely root length, root weight, root diameter, core diameter, flesh thickness and root to top (shoot) ratio. Thus, the results assist in the development of carrot hybrids or varieties. Genetic

Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) is one of the most economically important and widely distributed forest species in China. Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of masson pine germplasms has crucial significance to effective collection, conservation, and utilization of the resource. In the present study, we explored the characteristics of the genetic diversity (H) and genetic

Ethiopia is at the edge of the distribution for African wild rice, Oryza longistaminata. Here, chloroplast (cp) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were applied to wild rice accessions in Ethiopia to evaluate how they differ from control O. longistaminata, O. barthii and O. glaberrima accessions which originated from African countries. Based on the cp genomes of African wild rice species, maternally

The present paper deals with the report on the potential of Vigna angularis var. nipponensis (Ohwi) Ohwi and H. Ohashi assembled from Northeastern hill region (NEH) of India. The total of four exploration missions were conducted in remote and highaltitude areas of Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram during 2011, 2016, 2017 and 2019 to confirm the occurrence, localities of new distribution and genetic

The study on Himalayan allium spices was undertaken with specific reference to commercially important taxa belonging to the genus Allium viz. A. stracheyi Baker, A. wallichii Kunth, A. przewaliskianum Regel and an Allium ‘new type’. Based on eco-geographical and morphological studies, the ‘new type’ Allium was identified as ‘neodomesticate’ for the western Himalaya region, Uttarakhand, along with other

Moringa oleifera Lam. (common name: drum stick, horseradish tree) belongs to the monogeneric family, Moringaceae. Immature pods, fresh leaves and flowers of M. oleifera are used for culinary purposes. The leaves and young pods are a rich source of minerals and vitamins. In the present study, 23 genotypes of drumstick, which were selected based on superiority of yield/tree from 120 genotypes surveyed

The contribution of species providing non-timber forest products to the livelihoods of local communities is well established. However, this contribution may be limited by the existence of confusion while dealing with close relative species. This is particularly the case for Detarium microcarpum Guill & Perr. and D. senegalense J.F.Gmel. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify the criteria

The core collection construction strategies are critical for the conservation and utilization of germplasm resources. The combined data of phenotypic characteristics and SRAP markers in 780 samples were employed to construct a core collection for Pinus yunnanensis Franch. Based on geographical distribution, a total of four P. yunnanensis germplasm subsets were configured by improving a least distance

The use of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds as functional food is increasing worldwide and research on plant traits is important as the crop spreads. The seedling stage has been identified as crucial for establishment, survival, and competition with weeds but information on chia at this stage is scanty, especially regarding root traits. In this study, 8 genotypes of chia: 4 populations (Australia,

Croton tetradenius Baill. is an aromatic plant species whose essential oils have high economic importance. Its incorporation into Active Germplasm Banks is essential for conservation and future use, yet its genetic variability must be observed. The objective of this study was to estimate the genomic diversity and structure of C. tetradenius in the native populations in the State of Sergipe, Brazil

Asian lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is one of the most aesthetic ornamental aquatic indigenous species, endowed with unique biological and nutritional traits. The seeds are icon of eternity due to remarkable longevity, known to survive in nature up to 1300 years. Leaves fend off dirt and water by a phenomenon of superhydrophobicity and flowers generate heat by thermoregulation to enhance pollination

Understanding the genetic diversity of various rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars cultivated over time in China is of great significance for the selection of parent materials for targeted rice breeding and the cultivation of new desirable varieties. In this study, 36 pairs of SSR markers were used to compare and analyze the genetic diversity of 1610 rice varieties bred in China from the 1980s to the

Citrus plant species are among the most important and consumed fruit plants throughout the world. In general, genetic diversity investigations in all Citrus species and varieties are in hand in order to add to the knowledge of these important plant species. The sweet orange cultivars (Citrus sinensis), are among the most wanted among Citrus species. Various genetic diversity investigations by using

Gene identification and evolution and also their impacts on agronomical traits are important variations between related species which are often because of differences in the cumulative actions of multiple gene products. Understanding genetic variability for agronomic traits is important parameter of breeding programs for broadening the gene pool of different crops. The Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase

Panicle architecture directly affects the grain yield of rice; meanwhile, crop domestication has increased the complexity of rice panicle size and branching pattern. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to investigate the genetic basis underlying panicle architecture using 183 rice accessions from around the world and a 7 K SNP array. Phenotyping was conducted at Texas A&M AgriLife Research

Citron watermelon [Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.] is an important genetic resource serving for food, feed, and breeding dessert watermelon (C. lanatus var. lanatus) and other cross-compatible species. Wide phenotypic variation exists among South African citron watermelon landraces which are yet to be systematicaly assessed for diverse uses and cultivar design. The objective

In this study, a maize F2:3 population and a population of RILs were constructed from a cross between Dong156 and Dong237, and SSR markers were then used to map QTL. A phenotypic index of the traits (N = 6) commonly related to seed storability, such as the germination energy, germination percentage, germination index, vigor index, seedling length, and simple vigor index generated under artificial aging

Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish, commonly known as candeia, is a threatened tree species that occurs in Seasonal Semideciduous Forests in Brazil. The tree is valued for the durability of its wood and essential oil production, from which the active agent (alpha-bisabolol) is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Due to its high economic value, E. erythropappus has been exploited for

Genetic diversity is enhanced by introgressing wild germplasm into breeding lines and populations. Such introgression, however, commonly introduces wild traits that must be removed by backcrossing and selection before lines are useful for elite breeding programs. Selection against wild characteristics is expected to reduce genetic diversity in introgressed lines. However, the effect of such selection

Five accessions representing divergent lineages of wild peas (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius) were crossed with each other in both directions and also artificially pollinated with own pollen, to evaluate reproductive barriers inside Pisum sativum which may be important for pea pre-breeding. The outcome of hybrid seeds was evaluated for each combination of crosses. Reciprocal classes of F1 hybrids were

Medicago archiducis-nicolai Sirjaev and M. ruthenica (L.) Ledebour are two phylogenetically closely related species in the section Platycarpae within Medicago. M. archiducis-nicolai is endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP), shows more tolerance to abiotic stress than M. ruthenica, which inhabits relatively temperate areas, and has the potential to be domesticated and used as a legume forage

Strychnos spinosa Lam. is an important wild edible fruit tree (WEFT) that is increasingly threatened due to anthropogenic pressure. Despite its remarkable socio-economic potential, commercial plantations for the species are rare. Characterization of the genetic diversity and potential of WEFT is a prerequisite for domestication and genetic improvement. This study assessed the morphological diversity

Rice varieties are generally bred for higher yield but may possess genomic regions conferring tolerance to abiotic stresses. Climate change driven heat stress during reproductive stage of the crop affects spikelet fertility and yield. Though genetic regions associated with heat stress tolerance have been identified in rice, but response of rice varieties and allelic phenotypic effect favoring spikelet

Quantitative traits of seed pericarp color were used to evaluate the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) seed quality. These traits were measured on 10 single cross hybrids along with the male parent produced in three locations, Ardebil, Firouzkooh and Karaj, Iran. The quantitative traits included 9 color traits based on which the traits L*(Lightness/Luminance), a*(Red/Green color), b*(Blue/Yellow), RGB

An ambitious vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) breeding program was started in Madagascar in the early 1950s to control Fusariosis, a serious crop disease caused by the soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum. The breeding program has produced tens of thousands of new vanilla genotypes of which a small number have been selected and conserved. This article examines the history of the Malagasy breeding

Sideroxylon mascatense (A.DC.) T.D.Penn is a wild fruit-producing plant belonging to the family Sapotaceae and found in North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. There are two main morphotypes according to existing literature, which are only known to coexist in Oman at high-altitudes, and are known by their vernacular names ‘Būt’ and ‘Hegimt’. For the current study, AFLP fingerprinting was

Cotton (genus Gossypium) is an important agricultural crop around the world because of its fiber. Gossypium turneri Fryxell is a wild cotton species endemic to the state of Sonora (northwestern Mexico), whose status has been recently raised to endangered in the IUCN Red List. This species has invaluable characteristics that could be useful in the cultivated cotton gene pool. Despite its importance

Tef is the most important and well adapted cereal crop in Ethiopia and grows better than other cereals both in biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In this study 93 tef accessions representative of various agro-ecologies of Ethiopia along with four improved varieties, one local check and six wild relatives were studied. The materials were genotyped with 12 simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) to

Setting priority species for conservation planning in a large and biodiverse country such as Indonesia is crucial. At least 80% of the medicinal plant species in South East Asia can be found in Indonesia, whether they are native or introduced. However, their conservation is currently ineffective due to limited human and financial resources. By examining factors such as species' occurrence status, rarity

Registration of crop varieties under Indian PPV & FR Act requires establishment of their Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS). At present, DUS of crop varieties are being established using morphological traits. DNA marker assay-based DUS testing would complement that based on morphological traits. Four markers, from a total of 220 tested SSR markers were polymorphic among two advanced breeding

Mining the gene of histidine content in barley grain helps with the breeding of functional barley varieties. The study constructed a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) containing 193 families derived from the cross between Ziguangmangluoerling (ZGMLEL) (♀) and Schooner No.3 (♂). The histidine (HIS) content in the grain of the mapping population and its parents were determined by an automatic amino acid

Finding the suitable traits that mediate grain yield under stress condition represent an important challenge to plant breeders in order to improve production. Meaningful progress in computational analysis enables us to solve this challenge in a more efficient way. In this frame of study, our objective was to determine the most important traits associated with wheat yield improvement under aluminum

The cereal cyst nematodes (CCN) severely threaten wheat production in many cereal-growing areas around the world as well as in Turkey. The screening of wheat and/or barley varieties for characterization of resistance against CCN is a critical step to develop resistant varieties. The present study describes the phenotyping and genotyping resistance situation of indigenous wheat varieties against one

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a traditional crop that has long been valued worldwide as food, condiment and medicine. Morphology-based authentication can hardly distinguish one garlic cultivar from other cultivars; however, the molecular markers for the identification of different garlic germplasms are yet to be investigated. The present study aimed to establish a reliable method that can specifically

Crop wild relatives (CWR) are important sources of adaptive diversity for plant breeding programmes. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which the centres of crop origin/diversity are congruent with areas of high CWR diversity. We established the predicted potential CWR distributions for 1,425 CWR species related to 167 crops using 334,527 known distribution locations and generated a global

The biofortification of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots is one of the actual goals of genetic breeding, with the development of roots richer in carotenoids. In order to evaluate the natural genetic variation of cassava, this study analyzed 78 accessions from the Brazilian Amazon to verify the presence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers in the phytoene synthase 2 (psy2)

The genetic erosion of the Ananas Mill. genus has been accelerating in recent years. In the Pineapple Active Germplasm Bank (AGB) of the Embrapa Cassava and Fruits research unit (Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura), in vitro safety duplication has been an efficient strategy to protect this important germplasm. However, there are indications that in vitro culture conditions can cause somaclonal variations

The loss of agrobiodiversity is a topic of global impact. On a local scale, Lombardy, in the Alpine macro-Region, has lost more than 78% of its plant agrobiodiversity. Only four maize (Zea mays L. subsp. mays) landraces of Lombardy are registered in the European Register of Conservation Varieties. However, there are other maize landraces in Lombardy such as “Mais delle Fiorine”, which was characterized

A new species of Berberis L. from the region of Tucumán (Argentina), locally known as “sacha mikuna”, was described as Berberis burruyacuensis. The phylogenetic position was evaluated with ITS DNA sequences, particularly with respect to Berberis mikuna Job and other Berberis species of West-South America. The autonomy of the species, beyond the observed morphological and phenological traits, was confirmed

Hymenocrater comprises of 11 species throught the world. The genus is an Irano-Turanian elements, which has several usages in traditional medicine. Northeast of Iran is the main geographical region of Hymenocrater species. The aims of the peresent study was to delimit 11 species of Hymenocrater to determine the species relationships based on morphological and molecular data (cp-DNA sequence), to produce

Faba bean is one of the oldest legume crop grown around the world for its cheap source of protein and for being used in crop rotation with cereals to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. This study was designed to determine the extent and pattern of genetic diversity and relationships among 48 Ethiopian faba bean genotypes using 37 SNPs loci based on Kompetitive allele specific PCR SNP

The wild species of rice, Oryza rufipogon, is a source of genetic variation for yield-enhancing traits and blast resistance. With the objective to genetically enhance the elite rice cultivar, ‘Samba Mahsuri’, a set of 192 BC2F2 and BC2F3 lines developed from O. rufipogon was characterized for yield-enhancing traits and blast resistance. The study revealed the presence of significant genetic variability

Male sterility is widely utilized for hybrid seed production. In this study, two new found male sterile mutants SauS4 and SauS5 were obtained from space flighted seeds of maize inbred line RP125. Then, genetic analysis, molecular markers identification, and cytological observation were conducted to confirm their male sterile types. For genetic analysis, the above two male sterile mutants were continuously

Less-known melons belonging to the genus Cucumis melo L. were studied for the Indian region. A total of 39 accessions of distinct types in less-known melons, C. melo subsp. agrestis var. agrestis (local names-‘choti kachri’, ‘badi kachri’, ‘sukkangai’), C. melo subsp. agrestis var. momordica (‘phunt’, ‘vellari’; snap melon), C. melo subsp. agrestis var. conomon (‘sohthiar’; oriental pickling melon)

Ethnobotanical studies in South-Eastern Europe have gained several scholars’ and stakeholders’ interest since they are considered crucial for evaluating and valorizing the local bio-cultural heritage. While the Kosovar flora is estimated to comprise more than 2500 species, Kosovo also represents a reservoir of cultural, linguistic, and religious diversities. An ethnobotanical field study was carried

Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is divided into two subspecies, indica (O. sativa L. subsp. indica) and japonica (O. sativa L. subsp. japonica). Variation patterns in rice quality become more complex in the offspring produced from indica–japonica hybridization owing to interactions between inter-subspecies components. No QTLs underlying rice milled quality have been successfully cloned; hence

Aluminium toxicity is adversely affecting the rice growth and production in acidic soils of developing countries. Rice is popular and stable crop which meets food requirements of about 50% world population. A set of 122 rice backcross recombinant inbreed lines (BRILs) derived from a cross between Japonica (cv.02428) and Indica (Changhui/891) was grown in nutrient solution. High density linkage map

East Asian region is home to wild soybean and has high topographic complexity. Measuring genetic diversity and geographical distribution patterns are essential steps to expand the germplasm base. We used SoySNP6K to determine the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the wild soybean populations from four East-Asian geographies i.e. China, Japan, Korea, and Russian Far East. The wild

Mucuna Adans., commonly known as the velvet bean, has a great potential not only being a genus of medicinal importance in the Indian system of medicine as a source of L-dopa but also as food, livestock feed, cover crop and being tolerant to abiotic stresses. Exploration and germplasm collections were undertaken in different phyto-geographical zones and tribal dominated areas of Odisha in Eastern India

Burr medic (Medicago polymorpha L.), a native of the Mediterranean Basin, has become a worldwide weed. Pasture cultivars have been selected, especially in Australia. The species is extremely variable, and there is little agreement on its infraspecific classification. Towards a better understanding of its variation pattern, present study examined population genetic structure and genetic diversity in

Leaf rust (Puccinia recondite f. sp. Tritici) is the prevalent wheat (Triticum aestivum) disease in many areas of the world. The preferred method of control is to introduce resistance genes against this disease into elite wheat germplasm, an approach that is more environmentally friendly than applying fungicides and that has underpinned sustained wheat production to date. Identifying new adult-plant