Abstract The main sources of the low-molecular-weight aliphatic and aromatic organic acids (LMWOAs) in soils are plant residues, root exudates, and microbial metabolites. In the solutions of upper soil layers of forest ecosystems, citric, oxalic, and malic acids predominate among aliphatic LMWOAs, while substituted and unsubstituted benzoic and cinnamic acids predominate among aromatic LMWOAs. The

Abstract The effect of commercial humic product Lignohumate® on the biological activity of Latosol under long-term agricultural use with application of pesticides at the Bali Island (Indonesia) was evaluated in model experiments. It was shown that the application of lignohumate in a concentration gradient 0.025–2.5 mg/g resulted in increase in soil microbial community respiration rate by 10–30%, proportionally

Abstract The study of the effect of plants with different type of mycorrhizal symbiosis on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus transformation in soils is important in view of the necessity to predict changes in nutrient cycles upon transformation of the structure of plant communities under changing environmental conditions. The impact of dwarf shrubs (Empetrum hermaphroditum, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium

Abstract The results of a long-term study of changes in soils and vegetation during postagrogenic succession of sown meadows on reclaimed peat soils (Eutric Histosols) are presented. The study was performed on experimental plots in the Korzinskaya Lowland (Karelia); sowing of perennial grasses was accompanied by the application of mineral fertilizers. Observations over changes in the vegetation communities

Abstract Application of a set of electrical methods used in geophysics—direct current resistance and induced polarization—for the purposes of mapping soil heterogeneity is considered. In the field, we measured the parameters of specific electrical resistance (SER) and induced polarization (IP) of shungite soils of the Zaonezhskii Peninsula (Republic of Karelia) using the A–M–N–B electrode installation

Abstract Light loamy ordinary chernozems buried under two kurgans of a large Early Medieval necropolis Srostki-1 constructed in 890 ± 105…975 ± 85 AD (calibration by 1δ) were compared with the chernozem of the background territory in Biysk district of Altai. The analysis of pedological and 20 geochemical indices characterizing weathering, biological activity, and salt leaching demonstrated that the

Abstract The effect of the endocrine disruptor nonylphenol on the biological activity of loamy soddy-podzolic soil (Eutric Albic Retisol (Abruptic, Loamic, Aric, Ochric)) was studied in model experiments. The upper horizons of loamy soddy-podzolic soil sampled in Leningrad oblast were the object of this study. The number of soil microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes, and soil respiration were

Abstract Increasing demographic pressure in the area around the Mounts Kupe and Manengouba (Cameroon) is leading to increased agricultural activities with potential heavy metal pollution problems. Concentrations of twelve trace elements (TEs) in five Andosols and one Cambisol developed on tephra of ages varying from 6.61 ± 0.17 to 0.01 ± 0.12 Ma of the mounts mentioned above were determined and their

Abstract In this study, we developed a general mathematical relationship to determine hydraulic tortuosity. An optimization code was run in MATLAB R2014a software, using Monte Carlo algorithm, to determine tortuosity at different water contents for 69 soil samples of UNSODA. Considering fractal concepts, a linear equation was developed empirically to determine hydraulic tortuosity as a function of

Abstract Regressive development is widespread in peatlands of the northern hemisphere; a new type of peatlands—regressive bogs—should be introduced in addition to the traditional peatland types, such as eutrophic, mesotrophic, and oligotrophic peatlands. Diagnostic features and classification of soils typical of regressive bogs have already been discussed in relevant scientific literature. However

Abstract— Soil formation on the human time scale is immensely time consuming, although it can be significantly accelerated through the effects of vegetation. The content of water-stable aggregates (WSAs) is a useful indicator for determining both the soil development level and the soil quality. However, in severely degraded soils, especially in the Baltic pedoclimatic region, the effects of vegetation

Abstract Soil microbial communities are subjected to significant changes over time. The most rapid changes caused by temperature and soil moisture alternations or the by the inflow of fresh organic matter occur during the several hours or days. They are mostly related to the soil microbial activity. Seasonal dynamics are caused by annual variations in temperature and precipitation that affect the microbial

Abstract Feeding of the escalating population has subjected today’s agriculture to massive farming that has shattered soil structure, organic carbon and fertility. The vulnerability of applied organics to high temperature make them inappropriate under such circumstances. The help of indigenous exopolysaccharides (EPS) secreting microflora (Pre-isolated (M2, M3, M11, M16, M19 and M22)) was taken in

Abstract The vertical zonality of the soil cover of the Verkhoyansk mountainous soil province is discussed. The soils of the landscape-ecological profile in the area of the Arkachan Plateau (65° N, 130° E) have been studied. Their morphogenetic characteristics and position in the new Russian soil classification system are analyzed. The absolute height of the mountains reaches 1200 m, the relative height

Abstract Data on air and soil temperatures at the Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon weather stations in the East Siberian permafrost-taiga region are analyzed. The soils are represented by permafrost-affected sandy podzolized podbur (Verkhoyansk) and loamy soddy soil (Oymyakon). Recent decades have been the period of steady warming; average annual air temperature in 2001–2010 exceeded the climatological normal

Abstract The impact of three types of pesticides (herbicide metribuzin, insecticide imidacloprid, and fungicide benomyl) on the structure of microbial complexes and indicators of biological activity of agrosoddy-podzolic soil (Moscow oblast) has been assessed using the method of next-generation sequencing (NGS). The pesticides have been applied both separately and together at one- and tenfold rates

Abstract Soil is one of the most important natural resources that should be studied and characterized to provide decision-makers with sufficient information for reconstruction plans after the current war. The objective of this study is to describe the main soil orders in Syria and give an overview of their properties. Therefore, more than 150 soil profiles have been described. Soil samples were analyzed

Abstract The effect of long-term (about 25 years) use of different farming practices on a set of soil properties and development of erosion in Lower Austria has been studied. Three tillage systems—zero, or no-till (NT); minimum, or conservation (CS); and conventional (CV)—are compared. The comparison demonstrates that the properties of Typic Argiudols (Luvic Phaeozems), formed on steep (13.2%) slopes

Abstract Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and phase analysis light scattering (PALS) have been used to study the physical and chemical characteristics of organo-clay complexes of soddy-podzolic soils (Albic Retisols (Loamic, Cutanic, Differentic, Ochric)) of forest sites of the Central Forest Reserve. The study of the chronosequence of abandoned agricultural soils afforested for 100 years showed that

Abstract The biomass of prokaryotes and fungi, organic carbon stocks, and CO2 emission were studied in the Cryosols and Leptosols of Franz Josef Land. The highest carbon stocks were found in the Eutric Leptosols (Loamic, Humic) formed in the wind-sheltered areas (23.2 kg C/m2 in the upper 50 cm), as well as in Turbic Cryosols (Humiс) that contained organic matter buried by cryoturbation (13.7–20.7

Abstract Bacteria play a crucial role in regulating biogeochemical cycles in peatlands. Most of the studies on soil bacteria focus mainly on the peat surface and bacteria that exist in the deeper peat layers are still poorly known in tropical areas. This study was conducted to examine bacterial abundances along the peat depths in peat forest ecosystems (peat swamp forest (PSF) and logged-over secondary

Abstract A review of publications on soils of botanical gardens forming in different landscape conditions and approaches to their classification is presented. Transformation of the soil profiles—the appearance of new horizons and features, acceleration or deceleration of pedogenetic processes, and, under conditions of intensive soil formation, relatively rapid disappearance of anthropogenic features—are

Abstract— Collected in situ rhizoliths (>20) from Devonian and Early Carboniferous paleosols in the southern part of the Russian Platform (Kaluga, Belgorod, and Voronezh oblasts) were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, XRF and mass spectrometry. In Devonian paleosols developed from volcanic–sedimentary deposits, rhizoliths are represented by petrified individual roots

Abstract Many factors including land use, management history, soil series, climate, and soil landscape processes affect the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). The primary objective of this research was to determine the impact of land use change from timberland to cropland on erosion and the SOC storage on sloping landscapes of northwestern Illinois, USA. Typic Hapludalfs and Aquic Udifluvents were

Abstract Carbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter are often used in paleoecological research for reconstructing climate and plant communities (type of photosynthesis). The difficulties in interpreting isotopic data are related to the integral effect of several factors controlling the 13C/12C ratio in plants and soils, namely, the environmental conditions and the composition of soil organic matter

Abstract Secondary saline alluvial soils formed under conditions of the taiga-forest zone within the Verkhnekamsk salt deposit have been studied. The results of this study indicate that continuous soil salinization is caused by mineralized water filtering from the stored waste products of potash production. The influence of surface and ground waters of chloride–sodium and potassium–sodium composition

Abstract The distribution of total organic matter (Corg), particulate organic matter (CPOM), and potentially mineralizable organic matter (C0) in mega- (10–5 and 5–2 mm), macro- (2–0.25 mm), and microaggregates (<0.25 mm) isolated by dry sieving from gray and agrogray soils (Luvic Retic Greyzemic Phaeozems) of different land uses was studied. In the soils under forest and meadow, the highest Corg content

Abstract Maps of soil salinity and toxic alkalinity in 2017–2018 were developed for the Chervlenoe irrigation massive of Svetloyarsk irrigation system. These maps were compared with the maps of soils in the virgin state and under irrigation in 1992 and 2006. The massive is located close to the Volga–Don Canal on the northern slopes of the Ergeni Upland (Volgograd oblast). Before irrigation, the soil

Abstract Digital medium-scale (1 : 100 000) soil map of the Southern Coast from the Aia Cape on the west to the town of Feodosiya on the east was compiled on the basis of field data obtained by the authors. This map contains actual information on the soil cover of natural, humanly transformed landscapes, and urbanized territories. The map was created using GIS and remote sensing methods (multispectral