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Estimating Soil Hydraulic Conductivity at the Field Scale With a State-Space Approach Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Xi Zhang; Ole Wendroth; Christopher Matocha; Junfeng Zhu
A precise description of saturated (Ks) and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K−10) and their spatial variability is important for understanding water/solute transport in the vadose zone. However, it is laborious to measure K directly. Alternatively, K could be predicted from easily measurable soil properties using pedotransfer functions (PTFs). Because PTFs ignore the spatial relationships and
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Miscanthus Production on a Coastal Plain Soil: Nitrogen Fertilization and Poultry Litter Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Lewis Gaston; Jeffrey Beasley; Michael Blazier; Syam Dodla; William Felicien; James Kiniry
There has been limited study on the performance of miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus) on Coastal Plain soils in the Mid-South United States and use of poultry litter (PL) with miscanthus. This study examined the response of miscanthus growing on a low-fertility soil to N and PL, including effects of PL on water quality. A randomized complete block experiment on Ruston soil (fine-loamy, siliceous,
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Phosphorus Availability in Entisols, Inceptisols, and Mollisols of Iraqi Kurdistan Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Akram Othman Esmail; Shuela Mohammed Sheikh-Abdullah; Muhamad Tahsen Maruf
In this work, we investigated phosphorus (P) availability of three soil orders (Entisols, Inceptisols, and Mollisols) in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Addition of P fertilizers causes chemical and physical fixation of P due to the high amounts of calcium carbonate often present in the soils of this region. Understanding these fixation processes is important for predicting and managing P availability
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Availability of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in Soils of Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Shuela Mohammed Sheikh-Abdullah
This study was conducted to determine the availability of micronutrients in soils of Sulaimani Governorate and to evaluate their capacity to sustain agriculture. Soil samples were collected in 10 locations at two depths: 0 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm. Available forms of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) were determined using a diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid extraction, and the corresponding
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The Influence of Slash Pile Burning on Meadow and Upland Forest Soil Micronutrients in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, United States Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Brittany G. Johnson; Dale W. Johnson
Although prescribed fire has been employed as a land management tool for thousands of years, the lasting effect of these events on nutrient cycling, especially the response of micronutrients (elements essential in small amounts for plant growth), is still being explored. This study aimed to quantify the responses of micronutrients to the burning of slash piles within a forested and meadow site in the
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Zinc Sorption in Calcareous Soils of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Ghafoor Ahmed Mam-Rasul
ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) sorption was studied in four calcareous soils of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The experiment was conducted by equilibrating 5 g of soil in 50 mL of a 0.01 M CaCl2 solution containing different levels of Zn. Suspensions were centrifuged and filtered, and the concentrations of Zn in the filtered solutions were determined. The sorption of Zn was evaluated using four adsorption isotherms
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Lime and Nutrient Addition Affects the Dynamics and Fractions of Soil Carbon in a Short-term Incubation Study With 13C-Labeled Wheat Straw Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Elizabeth C. Coonan; Clive A. Kirkby; John A. Kirkegaard; Martin R. Amidy; Craig L. Strong; Alan E. Richardson
ABSTRACT Lime and nutrients are common agricultural amendments and when applied with fresh organic matter can alter the cycling of carbon (C) in soils. Previous research has focused on assessing either the impact of nutrients on C associated with specific soil fractions or the application of lime on C dynamics in the whole soil, without fully considering the potential interactions of lime and nutrients
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Immediate- and Short-term Wildfire Impact on Soil Microbial Diversity and Activity in a Mediterranean Forest Soil Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 Federica Borgogni; Anna Lavecchia; Giovanni Mastrolonardo; Giacomo Certini; Maria Teresa Ceccherini; Giacomo Pietramellara
ABSTRACT Wildfires are a driving factor of forest soils and their biota, especially in fire-prone ecosystems. Fire effects on soil microbial community are complex and still largely unknown. Greater knowledge is needed as fire frequency is expected to increase with human-induced climate change. This study aims at assessing the effects of a single moderately severe wildfire on microbial community diversity
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Short-term Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Loss During a Rainfall-Runoff Simulation Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Ataallah Khademalrasoul; Nikolaus J. Kuhn; Lars Elsgaard; Yaxian Hu; Bo V. Iversen; Goswin Heckrath
ABSTRACT Application of biochar to soil has been suggested as a nonstructural best management practice to mitigate runoff potential and soil loss. However, empirical data substantiating these effects are still scarce. Rainfall was presently simulated under controlled conditions to study the effects of biochar on erosion and runoff potential with sandy loam soil sampled from a field experiment 2 years
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Evolutionary Pathways in Soil-Geomorphic Systems Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Jonathan D. Phillips
ABSTRACT Understanding evolution of soils and landforms (and other Earth surface systems) has itself evolved from concepts of single-path, single-outcome development to those that recognize multiple possible developmental trajectories and different maturely developed states. Soil geomorphology and pedology should now move beyond showing that multiple trajectories are possible to investigating why
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Linking Coffee to Soil: Can Soil Health Increase Coffee Cup Quality in Colombia? Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 Fatma Rekik; Harold van Es; J. Nicolas Hernandez-Aguilera; Miguel I. Gómez
ABSTRACT Understanding the effects of soil health (SH) on the quality of high-value crops such as coffee may enable farmers to receive financial benefits prompted by product differentiation and price premiums. This study assessed the existence and nature of the relationship between coffee cup quality and SH. Soil and coffee seed samples were collected from 68 member-farms of a cooperative participating
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Soil Microbial Biomass and Its Relationship With Yields of Irrigated Wheat Under Long-term Conservation Management Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 Newton Z. Lupwayi; Francis J. Larney; Robert E. Blackshaw; Drusilla C. Pearson; Andrea H. Eastman
ABSTRACT Relating soil microbial properties to crop productivity is important to appreciate the value of soil microbial activities in sustainable agriculture. Over a 10-year period, we evaluated the effects of conservation (CONS) management practices on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The CONS practices included addition of composted cattle manure; reduced tillage; diverse crop rotations that
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Nitrogen Application Increases Abundance of Recalcitrant Compounds of Soil Organic Matter: A 6-Year Case Study Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 Xi Chen; Mengcan Jin; Yajie Zhang; Jingwei Hu; Hongjian Gao; Wenying Chu; Jingdong Mao; Michael L. Thompson
ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) fertilization changes both the degradation rate and chemical composition of plant litter and soil organic matter (SOM). We sought to document how N application rates and incorporation of crop straw residues in wheat-rice rotation systems are related to the chemical composition of SOM. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 13C multiple cross-polarization/magic angle
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Comparative Evaluation of Factors Influencing Seed Displacement Over the Soil of Nonconventional Perennial Crops: Moringa (: Moringa oleifera: Lam.) and Neem (: Azadirachta indica: A. Juss.) Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-08-01 Cleene Agostinho de Lima; João L. M. P. de Lima; Abelardo A. A. Montenegro; João R. C. B. Abrantes; Babar Mujtaba; Alexandre Silveira
ABSTRACT Planning the vegetation restoration of badlands requires an understanding of the mechanisms associated with seed transport due to runoff and soil erosion. This is particularly important in semiarid environments, such as those found in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, where rainfall mostly occurs in the form of intense short-term events with a high potential to trigger strong runoff and soil
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Mapping Soil Texture Using Geostatistical Interpolation Combined With Electromagnetic Induction Measurements Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-08-01 Aitor García-Tomillo; José Manuel Mirás-Avalos; Jorge Dafonte-Dafonte; Antonio Paz-González
ABSTRACT Soil texture influences many physical and chemical properties that affect fertility and productivity. Assessing the spatial distribution of soil texture is necessary to implement management practices that avoid soil degradation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of soil's apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), as measured by electromagnetic induction, to improve
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Effect of Vegetative Buffer Strips on Herbicide Runoff From a Nontilled Soil Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-08-01 Laura Carretta; Alessandra Cardinali; Giuseppe Zanin; Roberta Masin
ABSTRACT Buffer strips can reduce herbicide runoff from cultivated fields due to the ability of vegetation to impede the flow of surface runoff, promote infiltration, and adsorb herbicides. Conservation agriculture has many environmental advantages, but the transition phase from a conventional to a conservation system is a critical period, especially for surface runoff. In 2015, a field in Italy that
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Influence of Activated Carbon and Other Additives on Bioremediation Rate and Characteristics of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 Victoria Kondrashina; Elena Strijakova; Lidija Zinnatshina; Elena Bocharnikova; Galina Vasilyeva
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to study remediation of petroleum-contaminated soils after treating with granular activated carbon (AC) in combination with diatomite and a biopreparation (BP). Bioremediation rate and properties of petroleum-contaminated soils were used to explore associated mechanisms. Experiments were conducted under microfield conditions with three types of soils
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Pedogenic Processes and Urban Tree Health in Engineered Urban Soils in Boston, Massachusetts, USA Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 Bryant C. Scharenbroch; Kelby Fite; Eric Kramer; Robert Uhlig
ABSTRACT Trees provide many ecosystem services in the urban environment. For these benefits to be realized, trees must establish and grow to large sizes. Engineered urban soils (EUS) are intended to promote tree health and sometimes also perform other functions such as supporting infrastructure. Substantial amounts of time and money are invested into these soils and trees, yet data on longitudinal
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Variability of Bioaccessible Lead in Urban Garden Soils Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-07-01 Anna Paltseva; Zhongqi Cheng; Maha Deeb; Peter M. Groffman; Mark Maddaloni
ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the variability of Pb bioaccessibility in urban garden soils and how it is affected by phosphate, organic content, soil pH and soil mineral species. The bioaccessibility of Pb in 49 soil samples was assessed using the U.S. EPA method 1340 (extraction with a simulated gastric acid at pH 1.5) and a modified protocol (same solution, but at pH 2.5). Overall
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Biochar In Situ Decreased Bulk Density and Improved Soil-Water Relations and Indicators in Southeastern US Coastal Plain Ultisols Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 Robert D. Walters; Jeffrey G. White
ABSTRACT Biochar may improve soil physical properties for crop growth, but multiyear, multicrop field studies are lacking. To determine the effects of biochar on soil physical properties, we applied 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 Mg ha−1 biochar with/without NPK fertilizer to the surface 15 cm of 1 × 1 m2 plots in a single association of fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Oxyaquic and Aquic Paleudults
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Effects on Selected Soil Properties of Subsurface Banding and Surface Broadcasting Pelletized Poultry Litter on Cotton Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 Ardeshir Adeli; John P. Brooks; John J. Read; Gary Feng; Jack C. McCarty; Johnie N. Jenkins
ABSTRACT The response of soil chemical, physical, and biological properties to subsurface band and surface broadcast applications of pelletized poultry litter (PPL) to row crops has not been well documented in Mississippi agroecosystems. This study was conducted in a no-till system on Caledonia silt loam and in a conventional tillage system on Marietta loam, to determine the effects of PPL placement
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Dimensional Analysis of Horizontal Infiltration Affected by Surface Tension and Viscosity of a Liquid Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 Naoto Sato; Kosuke Noborio
ABSTRACT The behavior of water in porous media under variable gravities should be known for establishing agriculture in space. The effects of surface tension and viscosity may be emphasized under microgravity, where the weight is canceled and the density term can be ignored. In this article, the effects of changes in surface tension and viscosity were evaluated on horizontal infiltration, which is
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Soil Organic Carbon Reactivity Along the Eroding Coastline of Northern Alaska Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 Fugen Dou; Chien-Lu Ping; Xiufen Li; M. Torre Jorgenson; Laodong Guo; Kun Chen; Gary Michaelson
ABSTRACT The biological recalcitrance or decomposability of soil organic carbon (SOC) determines its lability and thus C cycling in an ecosystem. Many studies of temperate and tropical soils have reported that SOC from deeper soil is older and more recalcitrant than surface soil. However, it is not clear whether this trend holds for arctic tundra soils. We report results of C isotope measurements
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The Centenary of the Journal Soil Science: Reflections on the Discipline in the United States and Russia Around a Hundred Years Ago Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 David Moon; Edward R. Landa
ABSTRACT Soil Science emerged on the scene in January 1916 as a journal focused on soil fertility and allied fields. Its founding editor and guiding force for 23 years was Jacob Goodale Lipman, an immigrant from the Russian Empire who came to the United States in his teens and received all of his scientific training in the United States, at Rutgers and Cornell Universities. His knowledge of the Russian
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Genesis and Physical Behavior of Soils on Sandstone and Shale in Southern California Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 Robert C. Graham; Philip J. Schoeneberger; Joan M. Breiner
ABSTRACT Sandstone- and shale-derived soils are common in southern California where they function in watersheds, support wildland ecosystems, and are subject to residential and infrastructure development. Because little is known about these soils on texturally contrasting parent materials, this study was designed to interpret their pedogenesis and accompanying soil physical behavior. The study area
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Soil-Net: Development and Impact of Innovative, Open, Online Soil Science Educational Resources Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-05-01 Stephen H. Hallett; Sally P. Caird
ABSTRACT Despite recognition of soil as a major global natural resource and longstanding policy recognition of its importance for understanding environmental systems and stewardship in a rapidly urbanizing world, soil science has been underrepresented in teaching National Curriculum in UK schools. Alongside concerns about declining student participation in science education, a key challenge is how
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Effects of Dairy Slurry Injection on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-05-01 Andrew M. Bierer; Rory O. Maguire; Michael S. Strickland; Wade E. Thomason; Ryan D. Stewart
ABSTRACT Surface broadcast of dairy slurry is a common practice; however, concerns over nuisance odors and nutrient losses have prompted research into alternatives. Manure injection is one practice that addresses these concerns but is not widely adopted. Therefore, two studies were conducted to quantify NH3-N loss by volatilization, impacts on soil N cycling, and microbial response between surface
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Soil Complexity and Pedogenesis Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-04-01 Jonathan D. Phillips
ABSTRACT This paper reviews recent developments in studies of soil complexity, focusing on the variability of soil types within soil landscapes. Changes in soil complexity are directly related to divergent and convergent pedogenesis and to dynamical stability and chaos. Accordingly, strong links exist between nonlinear dynamical systems theory and studies of soil complexity. Traditional conceptual
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Effects of Land Use Change on Soil Quality Indicators in Forest Landscapes of the Western Amazon Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-04-01 Santiago Bonilla-Bedoya; Magdalena López-Ulloa; Tom Vanwalleghem; Miguel Ángel Herrera-Machuca
ABSTRACT Western Amazon has the highest forest biodiversity in the world; however, farming, pasture, or subsistence farming has cleared extensive forest areas, impacting soil quality. This study evaluates the variations in soil quality indicators such as organic carbon (OC), NH4+, available P, soil texture, and pH, taking into account changes of land use from forest to disturbed areas in four different
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Soil Health Benefit to Composted Manure Application and Insertion of a Sod Component in a Long-term Organic Crop Rotation Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-04-01 Emily L. Romano; Eugenia M. Pena-Yewtukhiw; Nicole L. Waterland; John H. Grove
ABSTRACT In organic production systems, composted manure and a short-term grass/legume sod rotation component may improve soil health. However, little is known about the lasting benefits of these two management practices for the duration of the several crop components of an organic rotation. This study was designed to determine whether 3 years of grass sod and composted manure application affected
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Effect of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Recycled Wastewaters on Boron Adsorption by Soils Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Sabine Goldberg; Donald L. Suarez
ABSTRACT In areas of water scarcity, recycled municipal wastewaters are being used as water resources for nonpotable applications, especially for irrigation. Such wastewaters often contain elevated levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and solution boron (B). Boron adsorption was investigated on eight arid-zone soils from California and one from Arizona as a function of equilibrium B concentration
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Effect of Antecedent Soil Water on Preferential Flow in Four Soybean Plots in Southwestern China Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Jingjing Yao; Jinhua Cheng; Long Sun; Xin Zhang; Hongjiang Zhang
ABSTRACT Antecedent soil water exerts considerable influence on the infiltration rate and distribution of preferential flow. Effects of antecedent soil water on preferential flow were investigated through dye experiments with Brilliant Blue FCF (C.I. Food Blue 2) in four soybean plots with low (LWC) and high (HWC) antecedent soil water levels. Changes in soil water were measured during the dye experiments
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Investigation of Soil Organic Carbon Recovery by the Walkley-Black Method Under Diverse Vegetation Systems Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Mohammad Bahadori; Hasan Tofighi
ABSTRACT The Walkley-Black (WB) method has been widely used during the past 50 years because of its simplicity and rapidity. The main problem with this method is its incomplete oxidation of soil organic carbon (OC) and inconstancy in efficiency of oxidation in different soils. A practical way to improve the accuracy of this method is by applying a correction factor. However, correction factors can
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Estimation of Saturated Soil Paste Salinity From Soil-Water Extracts Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-03-01 Emad F. Aboukila; Jay B. Norton
ABSTRACT It is essential to estimate soil salinity with an effective and easy-to-use method. Many laboratories determine soil salinity using a measurement of electrical conductivity (EC) with 1:2.5 or 1:5 soil-water extracts (EC1:2.5, EC1:5) because it is a simpler procedure than the standard saturated paste extract (ECe). Because interpretations of crop tolerance and remediation of salinity are based
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Long-term Stability of Trace Element Concentrations in a Spontaneously Vegetated Urban Brownfield With Anthropogenic Soils Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-02-01 Allyson B. Salisbury; John R. Reinfelder; Frank J. Gallagher; Jason C. Grabosky
ABSTRACT Trace element (TE) contamination of soil is a persistent problem in urban environments, particularly hindering the reuse of abandoned land. While phytostabilization is a cost-effective approach to managing TE-contaminated soil, little is known about the effects of these practices on soil TE concentrations decades after plant establishment. This study analyzes soil data collected from 1995
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Effect of pH and Chemical Composition of Solution on Sorption and Retention of Cesium by Feldspar, Illite, and Zeolite as Cesium Sorbent From Landfill Leachate Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-02-01 Nao K. Ishikawa; Mai Kuwata; Ayumi Ito; Teruyuki Umita
ABSTRACT This study investigated cesium (Cs) sorption and retention by 4 types of minerals, which were considered as candidate sorbents to prevent radiocesium leaching from landfill sites containing radiocesium wastes. Feldspar, 2 types of illite, and natural zeolite were examined for sorption of stable Cs under deionized water or landfill leachate conditions. In the pH range of 6 to 11, feldspar
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Prediction of Soil Organic Matter Using Ordinary Kriging Combined With the Clustering of Self-organizing Map: A Case Study in Pinggu District, Beijing, China Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-02-01 Yajie Huang; Huichun Ye; Liping Zhang; Shiwen Zhang; Chongyang Shen; Zhen Li; Yuanfang Huang
ABSTRACT Accurate prediction of organic matter distribution in soil is critical to sustainable soil management. Although correlated factors have been used to improve the accuracy of soil organic matter prediction, very few studies have considered the nonlinear relationships between these correlated factors and soil organic matter. The objective of this study was to use the clustering of self-organizing
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An Ensemble Modeling Approach for Estimating Diffusive Tortuosity for Saturated Soils From Porosity Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2017-02-01 Poulamee Chakraborty; Bhabani Sankar Das; Rajendra Singh
ABSTRACT Apparent diffusion constants in soil are generally estimated by dividing molecular diffusion coefficient for a solute with soil tortuosity (τ) values. Several models have been proposed to estimate τ from soil porosity (ϕ) alone, but most of these models fail when the variability in observed τ-ϕ pairs increases. Pedotransfer functions can be used to predict τ from easy-to-measure soil properties
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Organic Compost to Improve Contaminated Soil Quality and Plant Fertility Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-11-01 Lisa Ciadamidaro; Paula Madejón; Francisco Camacho; Elena Fernández Boy; Engracia Madejón
The use of stabilization techniques for the recovery of trace element–contaminated soils has steadily increased in the last decades. A short-term pot experiment was carried out under semifield conditions using two organic amendments (biosolid compost and “alperujo” compost) and two plant species (Medicago polymorpha and Poa annua). The effect of amendments and plant species on chemical properties (pH
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Short-term Nitrogen Mineralization Potential in Soils of Biofuel Cropping Systems Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-11-01 Yili Meng; Teresita Chua-Ona; Michael L. Thompson
Plant-available N in soil originates both from fertilizer N amendments and from mineralization of soil organic matter and crop residues. This study compared the N mineralization potential of soil in five biofuel cropping systems in Iowa (continuous corn [Zea mays], continuous corn with a winter rye [Secale cereale] cover crop, perennial prairie, N-fertilized perennial prairie, and corn-soybean [Glycine
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Storage of Organic and Inorganic Carbon in Arid-Semihumid Soils: A Case Study of the Rangelands of Northwestern Iran Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-11-01 Alireza Raheb; Ahmad Heidari; Shahla Mahmoodi
The inorganic and organic components of soil carbon (C) constitute the largest C pool in the terrestrial biosphere. Determining changes in soil organic C (SOC) and inorganic C (SIC) under different climates is necessary for assessing C sequestration. The effects of arid, semiarid, and semihumid climates on SOC, SIC, and soil total C (STC) storage in 27 pedons along a soil climosequence were investigated
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Relationships Between Soil Carbon and Soil Texture in the Northern Great Plains Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Christopher Augustin; Larry J. Cihacek
The amount of carbon (C) sequestered in soil is related to soil texture, soil management, vegetation, and climatic variation. However, in the Northern Great Plains, little information is available to quantify the effects of soil texture on the C sequestration potential of soils. This work was conducted to develop relationships for C sequestration potential based on soil texture under a variety of agricultural
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Using Synthetic Chelating Agents to Decrease Phosphorus Binding in Soils Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Cristie L. Edwards; Rory O. Maguire; Garnett B. Whitehurst; Wade E. Thomason; Mark M. Alley
Most acid soils have a high capacity to bind phosphorus (P) strongly on iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) hydroxides, resulting in low P fertilizer use efficiency. Organic chelating agents form strong bonds with metals in soil and may reduce P binding with Fe and Al and increase fertilizer P use efficiency. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid (HEEDTA), gluconic
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Influence of Agroforestry Buffers on Soil Hydraulic Properties Relative to Row Crop Management Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Eda Akdemir; Stephen H. Anderson; Ranjith P. Udawatta
Agroforestry and grass buffers have been developed as part of the management system for row crop areas in temperate regions to improve soil and water quality and diversify farm income. A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of agroforestry and grass buffers relative to row crop management on soil hydraulic properties (saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water retention, and pore size distribution)
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Aluminum Activity in Alpine Tundra Soil, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, U.S.A. Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Andrew Jr Evans; Michael B. Jacobs
Shifts in seasonal aluminum (Al) activity and speciation in poorly buffered alpine tundra soil, attributable to atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen, can result in increased Al bioavailability, adversely impacting high-altitude plant and microbial communities. To evaluate seasonal changes in Al soil solution chemistry, intact soil column leaching studies were conducted to determine pore water
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Sediment Yield at Catchment Scale Using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) Model Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 M. Luz Rodríguez-Blanco; Ricardo Arias; M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro; Jao Pedro Nunes; Jan Jacob Keizer; M. Teresa Taboada-Castro
Suspended sediment and sediment-bound pollutants deteriorate the ecological status of many freshwater bodies around the world. Maintaining and restoring the ecological status require planning strategies that strongly rely on integrated basin models that correctly identify the main sources of sediment within the catchment and quantify the sediment yield. This study assesses the applicability of the
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Semiarid Watershed Response to Low-Tech Porous Rock Check Dams Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Mary H. Nichols; Viktor O. Polyakov; Mark A. Nearing; Mariano Hernandez
Rock check dams are used throughout the world to mitigate erosion problems on degraded lands. Many restoration efforts on rangelands in the southwestern United States incorporate such structures; however, their impact on watershed response and channel morphology is not well quantified. In 2008, 37 porous rock structures were built on two small (4.0 and 3.1 ha) instrumented watersheds on an alluvial
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Hydrological Balance in a Eucalyptus Plantation Watershed in Minas Gerais (Brazil) Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Otávio Surian Ganba; Kelly Cristina Tonello; Hélio García-Leite; Maria Burguet; Encarnación V. Taguas; Herly Carlos Teixeira-Dias
The interpretation of the potential impacts of anthropogenic activities on water quality is essential in order to manage the suitability of land uses, particularly in the case of Eucalyptus plantations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precipitation, interception, and evapotranspiration of Eucalyptus plantations at the catchment scale (719 ha; clayey soil) for a period of over 2 years (2008–2011)
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Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Sediment Loads in a Large Mediterranean Watershed Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Sofia D. Nerantzaki; Georgios V. Giannakis; Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis; Ierotheos Zacharias; George P. Karatzas; Ioannis A. Sibetheros
Acheloos is the second longest and the largest, in terms of discharge, native river in Greece, supplying three hydroelectric dams along its route. The Kremasta dam, which forms the largest artificial lake in Greece, is the first dam fed by Acheloos and two other rivers. Sediment accumulation in such large reservoirs is of major concern, as it reduces storage capacity and hydropower production. In this
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Hydrological Response of a Semiarid Olive Orchard Microcatchment Under Theoretical Climate Change Scenarios Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Cristina Aguilar; Enrique Guzmán; María Burguet; María José Polo; Encarnación V. Taguas
The increase in aridity and torrential events in semiarid areas predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is expected to significantly affect their hydrological response and thus their associated nonpoint source pollution and erosive dynamics. This study quantifies rainfall-runoff patterns in a 6.1-ha olive orchard microcatchment in Southern Spain, representative of a marginal farm
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Evaluation of Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield From Ridge Watersheds Leading to Guánica Bay, Puerto Rico, Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Yongping Yuan; Wenhui Hu; Guangyong Li
Increased sediment loading to reservoirs and, ultimately, to Guánica Bay and reef areas is a significant concern in Puerto Rico. Sediment deposition has significantly reduced storage capacity of reservoirs, and sediment-attached contaminants can stress corals and negatively impact reef health. In this study, we examined sediment yield from an upper mountainous watershed, Yahuecas, contributing sediment
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Simulating Gross Primary Production and Stand Hydrological Processes of páramo Grasslands in the Ecuadorian Andean Region Using the Biome-BGC Model Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Verónica Minaya; Gerald Corzo; Johannes van der Kwast; Arthur E. Mynett
Many terrestrial biogeochemistry process models have been applied around the world at different scales and for a large range of ecosystems. Despite being essential ecosystems that sustain important ecological processes, only a few efforts have been made to estimate the gross primary production (GPP) and the hydrological budgets along an altitudinal gradient for grasslands in the Andean Region. One
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Evaluation of Alternative Management Practices With the AnnAGNPS Model in the Carapelle Watershed Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-07-01 Ossama Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelwahab; Ronald L. Bingner; Fabio Milillo; Francesco Gentile
The Annualized Agricultural Non-point Source (AnnAGNPS) model can be used to analyze the effects of management practices on sediment loads in agricultural watersheds. The study was performed in a 506 km2 Mediterranean watershed located in Apulia, Southern Italy, planted with mostly winter wheat (83%) where runoff and sediment loads have been monitored at an in-stream gage. The AnnAGNPS model was used
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Mapping Soil Water Capacity Through EMI Survey to Delineate Site-Specific Management Units Within an Irrigated Field Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 Bianca Ortuani; Enrico Antonio Chiaradia; Simone Priori; Giovanni L'Abate; Davide Canone; Alessandro Comunian; Mauro Giudici; Mauro Mele; Arianna Facchi
An accurate and high-resolution mapping of soil properties allows optimizing the management of irrigation and fertilization at field scale by applying variable amounts of water and nutrients. Site-specific management (SSM) is fundamental to improve crop yield and to use resources more efficiently, improving environmental sustainability. Adoption of site-specific management practices requires the delineation
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Climate-Induced Shifts in Global Soil Temperature Regimes Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 Manolis G. Grillakis; Aristeidis G. Koutroulis; Lamprini V. Papadimitriou; Ioannis N. Daliakopoulos; Ioannis K. Tsanis
Soil temperature is a key factor of plant growth and biological enzyme activities occurring in the soil, affected by the land cover, the evapotranspiration rate, the albedo, and the energy budget of the soil surface. In recent decades, efforts have been made to conserve soils against nonsustainable anthropogenic pressures. Changes in climate can impose additional threats on soil sustainability, as
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Modeling Soil Salinity in Greenhouse Cultivations Under a Changing Climate With SALTMED: Model Modification and Application in Timpaki, Crete Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 Ioannis N. Daliakopoulos; Polixeni Pappa; Manolis G. Grillakis; Emmanouil A. Varouchakis; Ioannis K. Tsanis
Soil salinity is a major soil degradation threat especially for arid coastal environments where it hinders agricultural production, thus imposing a desertification risk. In the prospect of a changing climate, soil salinity caused by brackish water irrigation introduces additional uncertainties regarding the viability of deficit irrigation and intensive cultivation practices such as greenhouse cropping
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Stochastic Modeling of Aquifer Level Temporal Fluctuations Based on the Conceptual Basis of the Soil-Water Balance Equation Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 Emmanouil A. Varouchakis; Katerina Spanoudaki; Dionissios T. Hristopulos; George P. Karatzas; Gerald A. Corzo Perez
The formulation of a model that can reliably simulate the temporal groundwater level fluctuations of an aquifer is important for effective water resource management and for the prevention of possible desertification effects. Mires Basin at the island of Crete, Greece, is part of a major watershed with significantly reduced groundwater resources because of overexploitation during the past 30 years.
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Soil Microbial Community Composition in a Peach Orchard Under Different Irrigation Methods and Postharvest Deficit Irrigation Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-05-01 Sadikshya Rana Dangi; Huihui Zhang; Dong Wang; James Gerik; Bradley D. Hanson
The San Joaquin Valley produces more than 250 unique crops and much of the U.S. fruits, vegetables, and nuts. One of the main limiting factors for production in this region is reduced availability of water. Deficit irrigation is a management practice where plants receive less than full irrigation but only at certain growth stages to minimize yield loss or long-term impacts to the crop. Given the multiple
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Water and Solute Fluxes in Soils Undergoing Freezing and Thawing Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-05-01 Kang Wang; Mousong Wu; Renduo Zhang
Water flow and solute transport processes are more complex in frozen than in unfrozen soils. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of freezing and thawing on water flow and solute transport in field soils. Experiments were conducted at two field sites each containing soil with a distinct texture (clay loam and sandy loam). Bromide (Br−) was used as a tracer, and soil water content
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Evidence for Losses From Strongly Bound SOM Pools After Clear Cutting in a Northern Hardwood Forest Soil Sci. (IF 1.122) Pub Date : 2016-05-01 Emily M. Lacroix; Chelsea L. Petrenko; Andrew J. Friedland
Forest soils in the northeastern United States store considerable amounts of carbon (C). With the increasing utilization of biomass as a “C-neutral” form of energy in the United States, these forests are susceptible to clear cutting and large losses of soil organic matter (SOM) to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2). The relative stability versus susceptibility of SOM to degradation can be approximated
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