Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency to assure sustainable intensification of crop production, while minimizing N-environmental threats, is a major challenge. These drive important developments of N-fertilization approaches and enhanced efficiency N-fertilizers (EENFs). The complexity of N-dynamics under different soils, environmental conditions, and application modes requires improvement of decision-making

Phosphorus (P) deficiency limits agricultural productivity in many tropical and subtropical soils. The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of typical mineral components and microorganisms on P availability in soil. Three representative soil minerals, i.e., montmorillonite (Mt), calcium carbonate (Cal) and goethite (Gt) were incubated with phosphate-solubilizing fungus (PSF, Aspergillus

Soils are turned over during agronomic and environmental activities, such that the sublayer becomes the topsoil. Because subsoils have been subjected to high pressures over long periods in the field, their activities and functionality can be changed when they are shifted to the top layer. The present work objective was to investigated the mechanisms and processes affecting the structural stability

Long-term droughts can significantly reduce forest productivity due to water deficiency and associated changes in the availability of soil nutrients. Phosphorus (P) is a critical but limited element in subtropical forest ecosystems. However, how soil P availability responds to drought and the underlying mechanisms in subtropical forests remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects

The western region of the southern Pantanal is characterised by soils with high phosphorus (P) contents, derived from materials from the surrounding lithostratigraphic units, accumulated by fluvial transport. However, studies on forms and availability of P in these soils are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different forms of inorganic P and their relationship with some attributes

The efficient use of fertilizers depends very much on their proper placement, and the effects of fertilizer placement on the woody perennial plant tea (Camellia sinensis L.) are not clearly understood.

In anaerobic lowland fields, ammonium (NH4+) is the dominant form of nitrogen (N) taken up by rice plants, however, with the large expansion of water-saving irrigation practices, nitrification is favored during drained periods, leading to an increased availability of nitrate (NO3−).

Soil moisture assessment on production land is gaining more attention as one of the critical factors and had a remarkable impact on agriculture production, life as well as global warming. Bibliometric analysis is performed by extracting datasets from SCOPUS from 2000 to 2020 to analyse soil moisture using remote sensing study and progress in the last two decades. The outcome indicates that study on

The anti-oxidative potential of Rhamnidium elaeocarpum extract was assessed using a green chemical bottom-up approach to produce ~ 80 nm cubic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The protocol makes use of FeCl3 as the only precursor of magnetite, and it allows the obtaining of the material using water as solvent, and urea as a pH regulator. Besides, since the bark extract functions as both the capping and reducing

Heavy metal pollution in soil and water has been of worldwide concern due to their biotoxicity/ecotoxicity in the ecosystem, accumulation in the food chain, and persistence in the environment. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is known as an efficient and cost-effective biogeochemical process for the remediation of heavy metals in contaminated environment. This study reviews the mechanisms

In 1996, Lake Baikal was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It contains nearly 25% of the world’s fresh surface water. In recent years, anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal have been increasing due to the development of industry in the region, expansion of the tourist infrastructure, and recreational areas of the coastal zone of the lake. In addition, an increase in the frequency

This study was conducted to understand the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on soil mobility and plant uptake of heavy metals present in wastewater irrigation systems. Radish (Raphanus sativus) was grown in pots under controlled environment, irrigated with synthesized wastewater containing various heavy metals, with and without silver nanoparticles. Soil samples were collected at 30, 45, 51

Organic manure and bio-fertilizers are a vital source of plant nutrients during the plant growth period, which leads to increased yield. This field investigation was carried out through two cropping (2017–2018/2018–2019) seasons to study the effects of using farmyard manure (FYM) and bio-fertilizers as “(TS) and (EM)” on soil fertility and productivity of both quinoa and Jew’s mallow plants. The experiment

Pisolithus tinctorius is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that has been used worldwide as an inoculant to promote the growth and health of plant roots of forest importance. P. tinctorius has capacity to form symbiosis with mycorrhizal plants through the production of phytohormones, been indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) the main auxin produced by these ectomycorrhizal fungi modulating root system architecture by

Phosphorus (P) plays an important role in the physiological plant processes; however, in tropical soils, P is one of the most limiting nutrients for crop yield due to its low mobility, determined by the adsorption of this element to the soil. To enhance P-use and P-acquisition efficiency, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of cover crops and mycorrhizal colonization on changing soil P fractions

Dicyandiamide (DCD) is a nitrification inhibitor (NI) used to reduce reactive nitrogen (N) losses from soils. While commonly used, its effectiveness varies widely. Few studies have measured DCD and temperature effects on a complete set of soil N variables, including nitrite (NO2-) measured separately from nitrate (NO3-). Here the DCD reduction efficiencies (RE) for nine N availability metrics were

A major feature of water erosion is the formation of channels such as rills and gullies. The creation of these channels changes the local topography and, therefore, may affect soil movement during tillage operations. To quantify such interaction between water and tillage erosion, a plot experiment was conducted and point tracers were used to measure tillage translocation under three tillage treatments:

The formation of a common mycorrhizal network among roots of different plant species growing close to each other can influence plant community dynamics, regulating plant relationships through the differential transfer of nutrients from one plant to another. However, knowledge of the mechanisms that regulate this process is poor. Here we quantify the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizae to the transfer

Aims Root hemiparasite infection is considered a potential biotic stress that affects the growth of cool-season grasses, and the damage caused by a hemiparasitic plant to host grasses is largely determined by the density of the hemiparasite. Epichloë endophytes have been shown to be mutualistic symbionts of cool-season grasses under most environmental conditions. Although cool-season grasses can be

Plant S deficiency is common, but the role of S-containing amino acids such as cysteine in plant S uptake is unknown. We applied 14C-, 35S-, 13C-, and 15N-labelled cysteine to wheat and oilseed rape rhizospheres and traced the plants’ elemental uptake. Both plants absorbed 0.37–0.81% of intact cysteine after 6 h with no further increase after 24 h. They absorbed 1.6–11.5% 35S and 12.3–7.6% 15N from

There is strong empirical evidence on the importance of the spatial pattern of vegetation in dryland hydrologic and geomorphologic dynamics. However, changes in vegetation cover and spatial pattern are often linked, making it difficult to disentangle and assess their independent hydro-geomorphologic roles. We used synthetic sponges placed on the soil surface to mimic the aboveground structure of vegetation

Abstract Little is known about actual temperature regimes experienced by potato during the critical period of tuber bulking and their impact on plant and tuber growth outside the cool temperate production regions. We analysed the temperature data of potato growing regions of Western Australia (WA) and six other non-traditional potato growing regions for the number of days with maximum temperatures

Vegetation is a key to improving and protecting a new tropical coral island terrestrial ecosystem. Because of their superior ability in adapting poor soil structure and fertility, conserving soil and water and improving the living environment, warm-season turfgrass are considered as important pioneer plants and frequently applied in vegetation construction on tropical coral islands. However, few studies

Parent material is the main source for soil textural, mineralogical, and other physical attributes. The knowledge over this factor is explored generally in low scale geology maps, insufficient for most users. Remote sensing can offer assistance in this regard, since it allows the evaluation of soil properties, as largely indicated in literature, being a potential tool to delineate parent material.

The global threat of plant invasions to native ecosystems mandates an understanding of the mechanisms that determine invasion success. While some exotic species establish, spread and impact native ecosystems, others establish with little or no measurable impact. Competitive ability has been highlighted as a key mechanism influencing invasion success and impact, but there is growing evidence that interactions

Our objective was to assess the feasibility of foliar spraying of boron (B) with the addition of silicon (Si) to the spray solution and its effects on the alleviation of oxidative stress and physiological damages induced by B deficiency in cauliflowers. An experiment was carried out between March and August 2019 with cauliflower plants of the cultivar Quatro Estações. Treatments comprised four B concentrations

Given the worldwide effort to improve crop phosphorus (P) efficiency, it is important to understand the adaptive strategies of crops with different root types and properties under limited P availability. The present study examined root morphological and physiological responses of two graminoids (wheat and maize), and three legumes (soybean, white lupin and narrow-leafed lupin) to low P supply under

The conversion of desert to farmland may change not only surface soils but also deeper soils due to massive irrigation and fertilization. However, limited information exists on the response of microorganisms throughout the soil profile to long-term crop development in desert regions. The shifts in the microbial community were investigated in relation to soil depth (0–2 m) and years of reclamation,

Salvage logging is one of the most common post-fire management strategies, known for trigger soil degradation processes. Soil compaction, the major disturbance associated with logging operations, could seriously hamper the resilience of soil microorganisms after the perturbation produced by fire. The main objective of this work was to assess the impact of post-fire salvage logging on the composition

Compaction is an important and increasing threat for forest soils. In addition to preventive approaches, remediation solutions are needed. Among them, the release of anecic earthworms is thought to be a promising approach. However, most previous attempts in compacted forest soils failed to retrieve the introduced earthworms. To gain more insight on the feasibility of releasing Lumbricus terrestris

Bamboo-chicken farming (BCF) is an emerging land-use type in southeast Asia; however, the impacts of BCF on the metabolic requirements of soil microbial communities and on carbon sequestration are unclear. In this study, the distances (5, 15, 25, and 35 m) from the hen house were used to characterise the different grazing densities. Surface soil (0–20 cm) from four grazing densities in a BCF system

Soil fauna plays a crucial role in plant litter decomposition. However, if and how increasing nitrogen (N) deposition and plant functional type jointly affect the contribution of soil mesofauna to litter decomposition remains poorly understood. A litterbag experiment with two meshed sizes (0.1 and 2 mm) was conducted to examine the effects of soil mesofauna on litter decomposition of three coexisting

Digital convergence is helping us to better understand and study the soil. Fixed and mobile sensors, and wireless communication systems aided by the internet produce cheap and abundant streams of digital soil data which can readily be used for modeling and information generation. Here we explore the ways in which digital science and technology have affected soil science. We can call this digital soil

Thirteen states associated with the Southern Extension and Research Activities Information Exchange Group-6 (SERA-IEG-6) agreed to share their soil test based P and K rate recommendations for nine major crops. The objectives were to compare fertilizer P and K rate recommendations, to look for opportunities to rationalize similar recommendations across state lines, and to examine challenges to the development

Implementation of hydrologic modifications within the southeastern coastal Everglades over the last century have impacted ecological functioning of the system. This study characterized and investigated the effects of hydrologic modifications through the C-111 canal system on soil physicochemical properties of marsh and tree island community types within the southeastern coastal Everglades. Marshes

This study aims at investigating the spatial and temporal variability of the seasonal rainfall over Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, relying on rainfall data taken from gridded data of four gauge stations for 35 years. Moreover, this study determines the teleconnection between the seasonal rainfall and equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (El Niño SST) over El Arish and Wadi Watir. Due to non-stationary

Ammonium-induced stimulatory, inhibitory, and/or neutral effects on soil methane oxidation have been attributable to the ammonium concentration and mineral forms, confounded by other edaphic properties (e.g., pH, salinity), as well as the site-specific composition of the methanotrophic community. We hypothesize that this inconsistency may stem from the discrepancy in the cation adsorption capacity

The expansion of oil palm monocultures into globally important Southeast Asian tropical peatlands has caused severe environmental damage. Despite much of the current focus of environmental impacts being directed at industrial scale plantations, over half of oil palm land-use cover in Southeast Asia is from smallholder plantations. We differentiated a first generation smallholder oil palm monoculture

Biochar as a soil amendment can influence the physical and solute transport properties of soils and, thus, provide a means to improve soil fertility. However, the use of different sized biochar particles down to the nano-scale has revealed inconsistent results, with the mechanisms poorly understood owing to a lack of experimental data. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of nano-sized

Promoting the technique of crop straw incorporation holds great significance for soil fertility and the green development of agriculture, and the participation of farmers is crucial for the adoption of this technique. Crop straw incorporation has been carried out and promoted in China for more than 30 years, but the adoption rate among farmers remains relatively low. Based on micro survey data on farmers

ABSTRACT Based on the concept of circular economy, this paper plans the agricultural production bases in the suburbs of the city, combines agricultural ecology to construct agricultural functional production bases suitable for current needs, and designs and plans the agricultural bases. Moreover, this paper uses the methods of field investigation, theoretical analysis and case design to conduct research

The physical properties of biochar have been shown to dramatically influence its performance as a soil amendment. This study assessed the role of biochar particle size and hydrophobicity in controlling soil water movement and retention. Softwood pellet biochar in five particle size ranges (>2 mm, 2 – 0.5 mm, 0.5 – 0.25 mm, 0.25 – 0.063 mm and <0.063 mm) was used for the experiment. These particle sizes

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays an essential role in agronomic systems and is of great importance to environmental sustainability and carbon sequestration. This study evaluates the accumulation of carbon in soils from integrated agricultural systems (S) that include crop (C), livestock (L), and forest (F) components (in different combinations: CLFS, LFS and CLS) and an undisturbed native forest (NF)

The present study aimed to elucidate the ecological role of cyanobacteria-dominated crusts on soil enzyme activities along a precipitation gradient. Results showed that protein and polysaccharide contents of cyanobacterial-dominated crusts changed significantly among nine sample sites. Meanwhile, protein and polysaccharide displayed downward trend with increasing thickness and decreased with increasing

Global studies, generally, and Brazilian studies, specifically, on soil organic carbon (SOC) in experimental research plots, support conservation agriculture (CA) as a tool to partially or totally restore SOC stocks depleted by conventional tillage agriculture. In response, the Brazilian Government implemented in 2010–2030 a “Low Carbon Agriculture Plan” (ABC Plan) program centered on large-scale CA

The main objectives of the current research were source identification and quantification of the relationship between land use pattern and heavy metals (HMs) (Cr, Ni, Cd, Hg, Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, As) in soil samples collected in the border of Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. For the first goal, positive matrix factorization (PMF), principal component analysis with absolute principal component scores

Phosphorus (P) retention behavior in the soil is one of the main factors driving ecosystem productivity and changes strongly during soil weathering. Volcanic soils are known for their high phosphate (PO4) sorption capacity (PSC). However, the changes of PO4 buffering properties and fixation processes in the course of their pedogenic development are not fully understood.

Excessive release of methylene blue (MB) in the environment and its potential infusion to human body may cause several health issues such as blurred vision, confusion, hallucinations and seizures. Based on experimental results on MB removal efficiency through adsorption using activated carbon of Parthenium hysterophorus, a simple mathematical model is developed for the prediction of MB removal efficiency

Globally benthic invertebrate biotic indices are widely used to assess stream health. In New Zealand, the response of biotic indices to high nitrate-nitrogen (hereafter nitrate) concentrations has not been rigorously tested. We conducted a field survey of benthic invertebrates in 41 lowland intensively farmed Canterbury streams representing a wide nitrate gradient (0.4–11.3 mg/l) to determine if biotic

The main objective of this study is to simulate the hourly concentrations of the PM2.5 concentrations using the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model for the selected sea breeze days in Split, Croatia. Stepwise adjustment is used for the selection of predictors. A predictor characteristic to the daily and nightly part of the coastal circulation, calculated as hourly temperature change to the temperature

Fog is formed frequently in mountain areas and is apt to cause forest decline, because fog has highly concentrated air pollutants and is readily acidified. The elucidation of the fog characteristics in the areas has been limited because successive observation is difficult in mountains. We have observed wet depositions and meteorological conditions at Mt. Oyama, located about 56 km west–southwest of