The low N use efficiency of vines calls for more efficient fertilization processes, which must mitigate losses caused by volatilization. Thus, N dose applications through different methods, such as fertigation, can potentiate N harnessing by vines. The study aimed to determine ideal N concentration in leaves for the production of high-quality grapes cv ‘Alicante Bouschet’ (Vitis vinifera L.) subjected

The concept of plant critical dilution curve (PCDC) has been studied on several crop species for about four decades, which has been widely applied in studies of crop nutrition evaluation, growth predictions, and fertilization management. This bibliometric analysis comprehensively explores the evolution trends in PCDC research based on literature data retrieved from the Web of Science from 1985 to 2019

Crop lodging assessment needs to be carried out timely and accurately to ensure valuable information about the location and area where lodging occurs. Many applications have been explored and tested for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) visible imagery in agricultural management due to the ability of providing high-space-resolution information. However, there still face many challenges in extracting lodging

In breeding programs, superior parental genotypes are used in crosses to generate novel genetic variability for new selection cycles. Genotypes are usually more adapted to environments where the breeding program is located, since selections are performed under specific agroecosystems. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of bermudagrasses (Cynodon Rich. species), St. Augustinegrass

A total of 445 pasture samples were collected from six fields representing a wide range of dry grass content (0–100%), and grass, legume, herb, flower and weed species. Fields were located in the grass‐dominated and temperate regions of western UK and monitored monthly for 9 months during late summer, autumn and winter months. The pasture properties assessed included measurements of percentage of grass

Powdery mildew (PM), caused by Podosphaera xanthii, is one of the most serious disease in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Specific members of the Mildew Locus O (MLO) gene family act as susceptibility factors by recognizing PM pathogens and the corresponding loss-of-function mutations confer broad-spectrum durable host resistance. However, the potential PM-susceptibility genes in bitter gourd have

Drought is a limiting factor for wheat production. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are key signalling molecules produced in response to drought stress. Drought priming is a promising strategy for enhancing drought tolerance. Here, the roles of NO and H2O2 in drought priming were investigated. The results showed that the scavengers of NO or H2O2 reduced the effects of priming‐induced

Genetic variation is fundamental for plant breeding programmes. Exploiting the genetic variation of wheat for biomass allocation, yield and yield‐related traits enhances breeding for drought tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variation and to select best individuals among 180 M3 mutant families of wheat developed through EMS mutagenesis based on better biomass allocation to root

Blocking is a standard strategy for improving the precision of randomized experimental designs. In field trials, it is usually beneficial to impose blocks in both row and column directions. A common problem with classical randomized row–column designs is that replications of a treatment may be clustered and that some pairs of treatments appear next to each other rather more often than others. Such

Abstract Agronomic practices such as long-term use of plastic film mulching (PFM) and application of organic and inorganic fertilizers have profound effect on soil microbial community. However, there is limited information on the abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizers where these practices have been employed. In this study, we investigated soil ammonia oxidizers in a long-term application

Abstract Accurate predictions of the short-term reactivity of liming products are needed for situations where rapid soil pH adjustment is desired. Lime efficiency (LE) describes the capacity of a liming material to neutralize soil acidity in comparison with a finely ground CaCO3 standard (LE = 100%). Our objectives were to evaluate LE for calcitic liming materials varying in particle size at 1-12 months

ABSTRACT Pu'er tea, as the geographical indication product of Yunnan province. The price of Pu'er tea will affect the healthy development of the tea industry and further affect the economic development of Yunnan province. According to the characteristics of Pu'er tea price and current price detection methods, this paper uses four products as sample data and selects the GSADF method to detect the price

In this article we explore the concept and implications of three-dimensional (spatial, temporal, and genetic) in-field crop diversification to inform systems redesign towards ecological intensification. We first present a conceptual framework for classifying diversity in arable contexts. We then apply the framework to analyse two long-term systems experiments in The Netherlands where spatial and genetic

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting losses in sweet cherry production. The research was carried out in the Kemalpaşa district of Izmir province, which is one of Turkey’s most important sweet cherry production centers. The research data were obtained from face-to-face questionnaires with 102 farmers. Losses in production derive from poor practices in three distinct

In order to facilitate the development of cotton strains with colored fiber, the genetic and developmental control of flavonoids in fibers must be understood. The major goal of this study was to determine whether anthocyanidins accumulate in three different natural colored cotton fibers during their development, and to document the expression levels of flavonoid genes necessary for the production of

Lodging is the major factor that determines whether pea can be mechanically harvested. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the relationship between stem mechanical parameters (diameter, stem wall thickness, stiffness [rigidity], and maximum self‐weight moment [stem strength]) and lodging in pea. Three years of data on stem mechanical parameters and two years of data on lodging resistance

The traditional cropping system in the Loess Plateau of China is winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (W) mono‐cropping. However, this cropping system, with 3‐month summer fallow (F) period, has exhibited low radiation and precipitation use efficiency. The objectives of this study conducted in 2016–2018 were to investigate system productivity and resource (i.e. water and radiation) use efficiency when

This paper presents an extension to a heuristic method for phasing and imputation of genotypes of descendants in bi‐parental populations so that it can phase and impute genotypes of parents that are ungenotyped or partially genotyped. The imputed genotypes of the parent are used to impute low‐density (LD) genotyped descendants to high‐density (HD). The extension was implemented as part of the AlphaPlantImpute

The aims of this study were to investigate the genetic variability and the G × E interaction for quality and yield traits in common bean, evaluate the degree of informativeness of the evaluations of grain quality in only one environment, estimate genetic parameters for grain quality traits, and select lines with superior grain quality. We evaluated 81 Carioca common bean lines in Preliminary Line Trials

Breeding for salt tolerance or abiotic stress, in general, requires rapid but reliable screening protocols that reflect the actual field situation as much as possible. A collection of 200 crop wild relative (CWR)‐derived BC3F3‐4 rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines developed at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) were evaluated by farmers in the Mekong Delta over two seasons for agronomic performance

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops for human consumption worldwide, representing an essential component for the food security of several countries. However, yield and quality are negatively affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. In this sense, the selection of potato cultivars tolerant to heat and resistant to diseases is of great importance. Our goal was to select clones

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most important abiotic factor limiting rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and also a nutritional disorder with adverse impacts on human health worldwide. The present study investigated the comparative effect of four Zn application methods: Zn seed coating (2 g Zn kg−1 seed), Zn seed priming (0.25 M Zn solution), basal application (10 kg ha−1), and Zn foliar spray (0.5% Zn

The use of synthetic pigment‐containing products on golf playing surfaces by golf course superintendents has increased dramatically to provide green color and improve stress tolerance. Most turf colorants are synthesized from various phthalocyanine pigments, which share visible spectral properties with green plant tissue. Vegetation indices, such as normalized difference (NDVI), are commonly used by

As an important forage legume in the world, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has high adaptability to various unfavorable climatic conditions and high biomass, and have been playing critical roles in animal husbandry and industrial applications. As α‐linolenic acid cannot be synthesized by animals, and most must be obtained from plants, the increasing of α‐linolenic acid content in alfalfa will greatly

Lettuce downy mildew caused by Bremia lactucae is one of the main diseases in high humidity and low temperature conditions. The identification of virulence factors appearing in the pathogen population could help improve breeding programs against this disease. This study aimed to monitor and evaluate virulence dynamic changes in B. lactucae virulence among two Brazilian regions to recommend resistance

Abstract Improved soil health is essential to sustain agricultural production. Therefore, understanding the effects of management on soil health is crucial to implement new agricultural practices. This study aimed to assess the effects of long-term tillage systems on biochemical indicators of a Typic Haploxerert soil under winter wheat-soybean-corn rotation in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The

Soybean reproductive structures are temperature sensitive, with a reproductive optimum of 22–24 °C. Currently, certain regions of the US soybean growing region (notably the Mississippi Delta) experience consistent late season drought stress, which has resulted in adoption of agronomic practices that favor earlier maturity groups planted earlier in the season. This approach is termed the Early Soybean

The objective of this study was to compare drought resistance in a range of seashore paspalum genotypes and identify associated morphological and physiological traits. Fifteen genotypes were grown in growth chamber conditions and exposed to well‐watered and drought stress treatments. Genotypes Seaisle1 and PI647891 were consistent top performers, whereas Seastar and PI614680 performed poorly as measured

Hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) may exhibit significant crown rot disease responses to infection by Fusarium pseudograminearum, with a range of susceptibility levels available in commercial cultivars. Dry conditions during grain-fill may lead to the expression of prematurely senescing culms, which typically fail to set grain. Assessment of hexaploid spring wheat plants exhibiting both non-senescent

Considering the very important role of climatic parameters on the yield and biomass of plants (especially in rain-fed agriculture), in this research, using data series of 9 stations during 1968–2017 the influence of 6 climatic parameters including the average of annual maximum and minimum temperature (Max-T and Min-T), the average of annual sunshine (Su-Sh), the average of annual relative humidity

Understanding the agroecological mechanisms that determine forage yield and quality in intensively managed permanent grasslands is crucial to optimize management and provide environmental and economic benefits to society. In this study, we assessed the relative contribution of climatic, soil and vegetation drivers on forage yield and quality in nine different frequently defoliated and fertilized permanent

Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is widely used because of its adaptation to recreational spaces in the Intermountain West and elsewhere. It is considered salt‐sensitive and therefore is a good candidate for breeding improvement for this trait. However, improvement in Kentucky bluegrass is difficult due to apomictic reproduction and dosage effects from high polyploidy. The objective of this study

Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] is cultivated worldwide, and it is a staple food in many developing countries. In some regions (e.g., Africa) drought is a major production constraint that results in significant yield loss. Climate change is predicted to result in even greater losses due to long periods of drought and elevated temperatures. The goal of this study was to assess the potential of

The three‐year experiment dealt with 12 lawn grass mixtures with different composition of species and varieties. Two sowing rates were applied: N1‐25 g/m2 and N2‐35 g/m2. Lawn colors were assessed in spring, summer and autumn with the visual method, with a 1–9 scale assigning a score to each plot of grass according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. It was found that in the spring the

Providing precise information about the variations in yield and quality of single‐cut 'Fahl' berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) in relation to crop's harvest regime and seeding rate would support its optimal utilization in rotation with other crops grown in the Mediterranean environment. Current study investigated the variations in fodder yield and nutritive value of 'Fahl' berseem clover when

A novel cropping system for potato was tested for two consecutive years under normal Dutch agronomic conditions. Seedlings from two experimental genotypes of hybrid true potato seeds were produced in a greenhouse nursery and transplanted into the field 5 weeks after sowing to assess tuber yield levels and to study effects of hilling on tuber yield and number, tuber size distribution and tuber greening

Solar radiation is an important environmental factor affecting maize root and shoot growth and grain yield. This study was conducted in Qitai and Yinchuan, China, in 2018 and 2019. The maize cultivars of XY335, ZD958 and DH618 and planting densities of 7.5×104 (D1) and 12×104 (D2) plants ha−1 were adopted under shading levels of 15% (S1), 30% (S2), and 50% (S3) with natural light as the control (CK)

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis genetically dissects complex traits, discerns their genetic control and genotype‐by‐environment interactions and ultimately helps marker development for assisted breeding selection. A mapping population of 124 F5:7 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of ‘TAM 112’/‘TAM 111’ was grown under seven diverse environments and evaluated for end‐use quality

Abstract Wind erosion is most likely influenced by unsuitable tillage and is considered critically harmful process for sustainable agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions as drought becomes more frequent and severe due to changes in the climate. The study was conducted for spatial modeling of aeolian sediment transport over adjacent plots managed by wheat-fallow rotation system under rainfed agriculture

ABSTRACT Tidal flat reclamation generates several excavated saline-sodic soil slopes. However, there are limited studies on the hydraulic flow characteristics and dynamic erodibility of saline-sodic soil slopes. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of the soil bulk density (1.35 and 1.40 g cm−3), rainfall intensity (85, 110, and 125 mm h−1), and slope gradient (11°, 22°, and 35°) on the

ABSTRACT Salinity stress is a critical abiotic stress that reduces crop productivity. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is an essential cereal in Tunisia, a country threatened by salinity stress. In this study, 26 accessions of Tunisian durum wheat were subjected to salinity stress induced by 500 mM NaCl, and their salinity tolerance was evaluated by examining phenotypic parameters and calculating

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the feasibility of using bio-markers to develop statistical models for predicting time to maturity of avocado fruit. The experiment used ‘Mendez#1ʹ and ‘Hass’ as model cultivars. Fruit was sampled bi-weekly from two positions within the tree canopy, namely, inside and outside canopy. Nine fruits per canopy position were sampled from fifteen trees of each cultivar. Mesocarp

Late leaf spot (LLS) disease caused by Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash, Videira & Crous is prevalent among pathogens encountered in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growing regions. Chemical control is expensive, sometimes inaccessible, and can be difficult to apply. One effective solution to control this disease is the deployment of resistant cultivars. IAC 322 is a

Conservation agriculture using crop rotations and residue management is increasingly accepted in conventional agricultural systems. However, the effects on crop productivity and soil properties of different rotations, levels of use, and residue management have yet to be fully understood. Our study considered the effect of three previous crops (bread wheat, durum wheat, and corn) and four levels of

ABSTRACT To evaluate the effect of the management system on soil quality, chemical and biological properties were measured in soils (0–20 cm depth) from Japanese plum orchards managed under organic and conventional conditions. The experiment was conducted between 2005 and 2014 in orchards established at the agricultural research station at Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain. Overall, the soil chemical

The constant demand by society for quality timber associated with reduced exploitation of native forests has promoted the use of alternative species such as the African Mahogany (Khaya grandifoliola C. Dc.). The production cycle of this species began with the introduction of seeds in the 1970s and good silvicultural performance of the first planted matrix trees, then spreading throughout several Brazilian

Potato has been recognized as a crop of importance in developing countries for ensuring human nutrition and food security. The dwindling natural resources, low fertility of soils, the incidence of pests and diseases, climate change and lack of strategic planning pose major constraints for potato production in these countries. Crop models are efficient tools for assisting research and development efforts

Developing nutrient‐rich crop cultivars is the most economic strategy to combat malnutrition due to protein and mineral deficiencies. Chickpea is an important staple grain legume source of good quality dietary protein around the world, particularly in South Asia, North Africa and the Middle East. In the present investigation, the genetic variability for protein and mineral concentrations was studied

Various climate adaptation strategies are being studied for the agricultural sector to address the effects of climate change. Global warming is predicted to have a significant influence on cool‐season grass production in Japan in terms of decreasing grass dry matter yield. The authors have studied adaptation strategies to maintain grass dry matter yield using orchardgrass, a cool‐season grass. However

Abstract Development duration in the cactus is directly related to changes in the environment caused by the management, which can result in advancing or delaying the harvest. The aim of this study was to analyse the growth, phenology and cutting time of irrigated cactus intercropped with millet, with and without the use of mulch. The experimental design was of randomised blocks (regular arrangement)

ABSTRACT In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was combined with the agro-ecosystem model DNDC to assess the climate and eutrophication impacts of perennial grass cultivation at five different sites in Sweden. The system was evaluated for two fertilisation rates, 140 and 200 kg N ha−1. The climate impact showed large variation between the investigated sites. The largest contribution

ABSTRACT The unnecessary application of nitrogen could negatively impact both the yield and quality of crops, and could also lead to nitrate leaching and soil pollution. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the optimized nitrogen application on 15N accumulation, utilization and distribution of processing tomato in China. Through field experiments with 15N and consisted two

ABSTRACT Nordic conditions necessitate varieties adapted to marginal environments (short vegetation period, winter damages etc.) to reduce environmental influence on yield and quality. This study evaluated yield and quality variability of five spring and six winter wheat varieties grown in six locations throughout Estonia during 2011–2014. The variation of quality parameters was larger in spring wheat

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that intercropping of soybean with buckwheat will positively affect yielding parameters and nutritional value of soybean seed. The experimental scheme assumed intercropping of two soybean cultivars alternately with one and two rows of buckwheat. The control (C) was soybean in monoculture. Both Annushka and Mavka cultivars significantly increased

ABSTRACT Lavender is an aromatic-medicinal plant, cultivated in Greece and in Mediterranean basin in general. The aim of the current study was to investigate if the use of bio-stimulants could increase the yield of the flowering shoots and the essential oil content even from the establishment year. For the purposes of the study, in Microkastro Vojo Kozanis, lavender experimental field was established

ABSTRACT A completely randomized factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and biomass production of single- and mixed crop species inoculated with mycorrhizae. Radish, (R), safflower (SF), pearl-millet (PM), mustard (M), field peas ((FP), faba-bean (FB), common vetch (CV), and berseem clover (BC) and their blends as R-SF-PM-M, FP-FB-CV-BC, R-SF-PM-M-FP-FB-CV-BC, R-SF-M-FP-FB-CV-BC

ABSTRACT There is a wide application of rhizobia inoculants to legume crops in Africa, irrespective of the soil acidity, though the latter limits the effectiveness of inoculants. Two trials were conducted in a controlled environment to determine suitable soil pH and impact of liming on soybean nodulation and nitrogen fixation to inform proper application of the rhizobia-inoculant technology on acid

ABSTRACT Optimizing configuration of the plough bottom to minimise soil disturbance is an inexpensive way to improve soil quality. This work applied mathematical modelling to improve geometric and physical parameters of a ploughshare body design that define the ploughing performance. The optimised reversible plough was tested in the field by comparing it with a conventional PLP-6-35A plough, which

ABSTRACT Soil microbial and enzymatic activities are sensitive to change in environment. To assess variations in soil properties, six prominent rainfed land use systems were undertaken in Shiwalik foothills of Punjab, India. In soil samples (0-0.15 m), pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, DTPA zinc, iron, manganese and copper varied from

Abstract The effectiveness of Rhizobium inoculation is largely determined by soil properties. In this study, the symbiotic efficiency of seventeen Rhizobium/Agrobacterium local strains were screened in greenhouse experiments. Subsequently, the combined effects of selected five rhizobial strains plus a starting N-dose (48 kg N ha−1) on nodulation and yield of faba bean were evaluated in two-year field