Abstract This paper presents the study results on the effect that presowing seed treatment and spraying nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria on the seedlings of the Primorskaya 39 spring soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar have on the structural elements of productivity, yield, and the number of soil microorganisms. It was found that the total number of bacteria increases

Abstract— Designs of pneumatic seeding devices operating on air-flow overpressure have been developed. Constructive changes in the dosing system of the pneumatic device have been made. Sowing disks are rigidly fixed to each other for sowing seeds of two crops simultaneously with the possibility of displacing the disks relative to each other circumferentially and of their dismantling, and the air nozzle

Abstract The objective of the survey is to assess the impact of ecological factors on the immunohematological parameters in cows in the second half of gestation. A complex of changes in the composition of blood and the body’s immunoreactivity in all of the examined animals under the effects of pollutants was revealed. Physiological anemia syndrome in pregnancy at different levels of severity was observed

Abstract This paper addresses the effects that basic soil treatment techniques that place crop residues on the field surface in different ways have on the nitrate nitrogen content in the soil. The study was carried out in 2018–2019 in Saratov oblast in the framework of a stationary experiment conducted by the Agricultural Research Institute for the Southeastern Region in a sloping–hollow agrolandscape

Abstract— The response of maize hybrids to nitrogen fertilizer as a hereditary character was investigated. A hybrid combination with the original parental inbreds with a strong response to nitrogen fertilizer was developed for this purpose (according to the studies conducted in 2012–2014). The growth of the vegetative part and root system mass of plants in maize lines and hybrids at the five-leaf stage

Abstract—Excess amount of salt causes problem in physiological and biochemical processes of plants. In the present study, the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on physiological and biochemical changes of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek seedlings compared to the control plants were evaluated. Also the effect of proline-ascorbate mixture (PAM) on the alleviation of NaCl stress in the plants was assessed

Abstract— Intracallus and intercallus morphological variability of doubled haploids of rice Oryza sativa L. obtained in androgenesis in vitro on callus lines with multiple regeneration was studied. Regenerants from hybrids of the second generation F2 were used: Don 4237 × (Szarvasi 70 × Heilunjiang)—D × S × H, plant no. 8; Romanika × (Darius 122 × Krasnodar 9167)—R × D × 67, plant no. 15; Kitaets ×

Abstract Evaluation of the immunotropic effect of albendazole in low therapeutic doses has been carried out based on testing the ability of CBA × C57BL/6 mice lines to induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and the synthesis of antibodies against the thymus-dependent antigen. It has been shown that albendazole at doses of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg had no effect on the immune response of the cellular

Abstract This paper examines effects caused by basic soil cultivation techniques combined with the integrated application of mineral fertilizers and biopreparations amid the manure and green manure aftereffects on the agrochemical parameters in the arable (0–25 cm) and subsurface (25–50 cm) layers of typical chernozem soils. It is established that disk plowing significantly (by 2–4 times) improves

Abstract— The goal of this research is to determine temperature threshold limits and duration of overwintering in spawners of beluga (great sturgeon) and Russian sturgeon in the aquaculture farms that would preclude impairment of the generative function. The study performs the assessment of temperature conditions and outcome of overwintering of spawners, egg incubation, and holding of yolk sac larva

Abstract In the framework of the comprehensive research of Far Eastern natural populations of soybean nodule bacteria, laboratory experiments have been conducted at the All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of Soybean (Blagoveshchensk) with the purpose to identify distinctive features of rhizobia species Sinorhizobium fredii (Scholla and Elkan, 1984) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Jordan, 1982) whose

Abstract The effect of inoculation with endotrophic micromycete Cylindrocarpon magnusianum on the physiological and biochemical parameters of test tomato plants when exposed to heavy metal salts was studied. The experimental scheme included inoculation with a fungal culture (control population) and with populations of this fungus that were previously adapted to this stress factor. The inoculated plants

Abstract The effect of growth regulators Albite and Emistim R and pesticide Bunker on the leaf area of spring soft wheat variety Bazhenka and the content of photosynthetic pigments were studied at the substation of the Northeast Federal Agricultural Research Center (FARC) under the conditions of the Kirov region in 2017 and 2019. Using the growth regulator Emistim R alone and in a tank mixture with

Abstract The survey results of testing the Holstein cows for carriage of the fertility haplotype for cholesterol deficiency (HCD) associated with the fetal death detected at various stages of prenatal and early postnatal ontogenesis has been reported. Economically important traits of the animals tested as carrying the defect caused by HCD in their genotypes are examined. The survey sample consisted

Abstract The relevance of the survey is to explore the selection approaches to increasing the mass fraction of protein and its biological value in the milk produced by Black-and-White cows. The objective of the survey is to study the amino-acid composition and the biological value of protein in the milk produced by Black-and-White cows and their respective crosses with Montbeliarde in order to identify

Abstract Since the medicinal plants mainly are cultivated in marginal areas, are exposed to environmental stresses such as salinity, more than other plants. Salt stress causes damage to photosynthetic process, carbohydrates assimilation and photosystem I and II. However, recently, the role of fungi coexistence and polyamines in plants tolerance to saline conditions are pronounced. Therefore, the present

Abstract The occurrence of Alternaria and Fusarium fungi in wheat and barley grain obtained from the Ural Region was analyzed. The DNA content of fungi belonging to two sections of the genus Alternaria, and four species of the genus Fusarium, which are prevailing in the grain mycobiota, was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Differences in the occurrence and abundance of fungal biomass in the grain of two

Abstract The objective of the work was to study the beef production efficiency through intensive rearing and fattening of Simmental and crossbred bull calves. The bull calves were divided into three groups of 15 animals each in order to carry out the survey. The first (control) group involved purebred Simmental bull calves. The second group consisted of young stock produced via crossbreeding Simmental

Abstract This paper presents the results of research works carried out at the Central Scientific Agricultural Library (CSAL) to improve the information support of agricultural research in the area of updating the Information Search Thesaurus in Agriculture and Food (IST). The IST is the main linguistic tool for forming and structuring information arrays and for thematic search in them as well as a

Abstract Studies were carried out to determine the biochemical composition and nutritional value of muksun (Coregonus muksun (Pallas)) in the lower reaches of the Lena River. This is a valuable commercial fish; 90% of its total catch in Yakutia is covered by the Lena River, while its abundance is low in other rivers and continues to decrease due to overfishing. The average annual catch of muksun is

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the features of leaf area formation in spring cereals under agroecological conditions of the middle Amur region. The study is concerned with the varieties of spring oat Ekspress, spring soft wheat Khabarovchanka, and spring triticale Ukro. The features of leaf area formation in spring cereals have been shown at the major stages of organogenesis, and

Abstract The effect of different doses and dose rates of gamma radiation on the viability of khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (larval stage) was studied in laboratory experiments in 2019–2020. The pest-infested grain of spring barley of the Nur variety was irradiated on a GUR-120 unit at dose ranges of 50–450 Gy (dose rate 100, 500, and 950 Gy/h) and 500–1000 Gy (dose rate 950 Gy/h). The irradiation

Abstract This paper addresses the effects of the initial soil cultivation degree on the development of modern soil-formation processes affecting the agrochemical parameters of agro-sod-podzolic loamy soils. The effects were monitored in the course of a 4-year overgrowing period and subsequent land development resulting in the transformation of fallow lands into arable lands. The subject of this study

Abstract The objective of the survey was to assess the production performance of meat and its quality in the Karachai ram lambs reared under the different management technologies and altitudinal zonation systems in the Northern Caucasus Mountain Regions. The ram lambs of group one were kept on the mountain grazing lands at the elevation of 2200 m above sea level for the whole period of the survey.

Abstract The study outcomes of dynamic parameters for the pro- and anitoxidant status and the cytokine profile in piglets under the stress caused by weaning them from sows for their transfer to growing-fattening facilities under conditions of an industrial-sized pig farm are reported. It has been ascertained that the technological stress affecting the animals is followed by increasing the contents

Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important global food crop and a main source of calories for about 60% of the world population. Fertilizers are essential components of modern agriculture and play a vital role in improving rice and other crops yield. We performed a meta-analysis to determine how different types of fertilizers including chemical (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), 18 potassium (K),

Abstract Development of reliable fertility-restoring lines is the most important prerequisite for using cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plant breeding. Sorghum 9E type CMS is characterized by unstable expression of fertility-restoring genes, which require high levels of water availability for plants during microsporogenesis and flowering. In order to create reliable male-fertility-restoring lines

Abstract A brief description of the stages of winter wheat breeding in the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation is given. The characteristics of the Mironovskaya 808, Pamyati Fedina, Inna, and Moskovskaya 39 varieties were given in comparison with the new Nemchinovskaya 85 and Moskovskaya 27 varieties in terms of yield, productivity elements, and protein content in grain for 5 years of research

Abstract The breeding of winter wheat was carried out using conventional technology in the Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Center in 2014–2019. It took place in the chernozem (black earth) steppe under the conditions of a severely continental climate with insufficient and unstable humidity. It is demonstrated that yield stability in a wide range of environments becomes possible due to creating the

Abstract Crop simulation models of different complexity have been developed for predicting the effects of soil, water and nutrients on growth and water productivity of different crops. These models are calibrated and validated for a given region using the data generated from field experiments. Therefore, AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated for grain maize (Single Cross 260) under varying irrigation

Abstract Southern chernozem soils of the Taman Peninsula were studied to assess their suitability for viniculture and examine the possibility to dispose winery waste by diluting it with water and subsequently applying it to the soil. The subjects of this study were southern chernozem soils and the composition of the wine and brandy distillery stillage. Southern chernozem soils feature high levels of

Abstract For more than a 60-year period of apple breeding, 54 apple cultivars of different dates of fruit maturation have been developed and included in the State Register. Over this period of work, the requirements for new cultivars have significantly increased, and methods for creating new cultivars have been improved. Traditional methods of selection, i.e., repeated hybridization and geographically

Abstract False loose smut caused by the fungus Ustilago nigra Tapke causes significant damage to barley crops in Russia. The aim of this work was to estimate the false loose smut resistance in spring double-row barley varieties created by the Omsk Agrarian Research Center and samples from the Collection of the Vavilov All-Russia Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in Western Siberia. Cultivars

Abstract The article is devoted to the pharmaceutical substance of glucose with sodium chloride connected by a crystal lattice into a single cocrystal in a ratio identical to the composition of medicinal solutions of glucose with sodium chloride (NaCl). Currently, these solutions are obtained from two substances of glucose and sodium chloride, which creates certain difficulties in the production of

Abstract Livestock specialized cattle breeds combining high energy for both growth and fattening performance are successfully used for high-quality beef production. The use of DNA markers as the additional criteria for sampling and mating the animals allows us to increase the efficiency of selection processes along with improving the meat characteristics of cattle. The objective of the survey was to

Abstract The paper presents the results from field trials of Turmax organomineral supplements. The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of this drug on increasing potato yields and reducing the incidence of potato diseases. The object was the Turmax drug, which includes the basic mineral nutrients and metabolic products of rhizospheric microorganisms. The tests were carried out with the

Abstract This paper investigates the dependence of protein and fat content of soybean cultivars with various genetic origins on growing conditions and cultivar genotypes. We examined seeds of 11 cultivars and four soybean cultivar samples differing in the duration of the vegetation period, grown on seasonally frozen soils of Priamurye in 2017–2019, which corresponded to parameters of hydrothermal resources

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine control parameters of the pneumomechanical peeling machine for grain crops by changing the angular rotational speeds of its main working bodies, a blade disk (rotor) and a deck, to provide optimal dehulling conditions (removing films (outer shells) from the grain. Based on the model representation of the air flow, changes in the magnitude and direction

Abstract The paper summarizes a 3-year study of the total accumulation of phenolic compounds (PC), which represent the most important group of alcohol- and water-soluble antioxidants, in seeds and vegetative organs of vegetable soybean. The study was carried out using a Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method. Oil-bearing and vegetable soybean samples were grown in a greenhouse and on the experimental

Abstract The goal of this study was a molecular genetic passportization of the initial breeding material of sugar beet (male sterile lines, synanthous pollinators, and their hybrids). The following SSR primers were used: Unigene 24 552, Unigene 2305, Unigene 17 623, Unigene 14 805, and Unigene 62 524. The length range of the obtained DNA fragments varied within 100–3000 bp, and up to 11 polymorphic

Abstract The aim of the research was to compare the effectiveness of the differentiated and uniform application of herbicides on winter wheat crops in the northwest region of the Russian Federation. According to the research results, a stable positive correlation was found in the stemming phase of winter wheat between the NDVI vegetation index and the projective cover (r = 0.32–0.61, p ≤ 0.05) but

Abstract An inactivated vaccine based on the Sal. abortus equi BN-12 strain with the Bac. subtilis TNP-3 strain filtrate used as immunomodulator has been developed in order to prevent salmonella-induced equine abortion. Preclinical and clinical trials with the white mice and the horses, respectively, are carried out. The lack of toxicity is proven. The vaccine immunogenicity for mouse and mare models

Abstract A universal technology for obtaining virus-containing raw material used in the manufacture of vaccine preparations against plague in small ruminants, sheep pox, goat pox, bluetongue disease, and orf (contagious pustular dermatitis) of cattle has been described. The epizootic situation in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries in respect to these diseases, which pose the greatest

Abstract Results of studying the correlation dependence and ecological variability of grain quality features of 18 varieties of winter rye grown in 2014–2019 in a wide range of the weather factors are presented. The following features were studied: the water extract viscosity (WEV), the falling number (FN), the amilogram height (AH), shape stability of hearth bread (H/D), starch gelatinization temperature

Abstract There is currently a lack of capacity in the Russian nursery-garden, as a result of which a significant part of the planting material comes from abroad. Drip irrigation is one of the types of resource-saving technologies that can intensify agricultural production, including in the field of growing planting stock for gardening. The goal of the work was to study the effect of drip irrigation

Abstract Niche competition and minerals mobilization control different weed species distribution in cultivated crop fields. A study on standing mustard crop fields for consecutive three years in three blocks of Hooghly district of the Ganga delta, viz. Arambag, Balagarh, and Dhaniyakhali in West Bengal represented a quantitative estimation of weed diversity controlling the available nutrient conditions

Abstract Physiological tolerance to saline conditions was investigated in eight salt-tolerant, one salt-sensitive genotypes, and in one commercial tomato cultivar. The physiological parameters, leaf water potential, and osmotic potential, leaf temperature, stomatal conductivity, chlorophyll-SPAD reading, and leaf membrane injury were studied. The relationships of these parameters with each other were

Abstract The natural red pigment compound of tomato is lycopene which is responsible for red pigment in some fruits and vegetables. We have determined the lycopene concentration from the measured absorbance in fresh tomatoes with and without peel with different concentrations using spectrophotometric method. The measured lycopene contents vary from 3 to 33.5 mg/kg for spectral range of 444 to 560 nm

Abstract Farming horses of indigenous breeds adapted to extreme natural environments is the only effective way to use the vast areas of lands unsuitable for farming animals of the other species. Horse farming is a traditional industry in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) that remains a substantial potential for meat production improvement. Under extreme environmental conditions, genetic variations caused

Abstract The introgression lines of spring bread wheat L679 and L299, which are resistant to the leaf rust pathogen, were analyzed. These lines were obtained as a result of interspecific hybridization of the spring bread wheat cultivar Dobrynya and the durum wheat cultivar Zolotaya volna. The effectiveness of the resistances of L679 and L299 were evaluated against the Saratov population of the pathogen

Abstract The objective of the study was to analyze the efficiency of selection of the maternal breed pigs based on their scores for the indices of complex traits. Databases of phenotypes in the Large White pigs (n = 23 753) for reproductive performance (farrowing performance) and meat and fattening productivity in progeny (n = 34 866) produced from the livestock population at OOO Selection and Hybrid

Abstract The plant biomass (postharvest and crop residues, green manure crops, etc.) actively used in Siberian agriculture partly contributes to the replenishment of mineral nutrients needed to sustain field crop yields and to maintain soil fertility. A comparative assessment of kinetic parameters for mineralization of manure, green manure crops (sweet clover, oilseed rape, and winter rye), and straw

Abstract Activity of digestive enzymes and certain biochemical parameters in the native and freeze-dried duodenal digesta and freeze-dried ileal digesta were studied in a chronic experiment in broiler chicks with chronic duodenal or ileal fistulae fed with various calcium doses. The results show that the amylase activity after freeze-drying in the control group increases 5.7-fold, the lipase activity

Abstract The studies were carried out at the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Northeast during the period from 2013 to 2017 and in 2019. Model experiments tested seventeen chemical and biological preparations for the ability to limit the germination of sclerotia of the fungus Claviceps purpurea Fr. Tul. The dynamics of growth of mycelium of the fungus Spacelia segetum Lev. have been studied

Abstract Fiber flax varieties should be well adapted to the climatic conditions of the region and resistant to lodging, diseases, and other stress factors. The results of studying the collection varieties of fiber flax of different ecological and geographical origin in the soil and climatic conditions of Kirov oblast (Falenki Breeding Station, branch of the FASC of the Northeast) are presented. The

Abstract It is shown that sewage sludge formed during sewage treatment contains a significant amount of organic matter, nitrogen, and ash elements, which can be used by plants. The paper presents the results of a 3‑year microplot experiment on sod-podzolic soil to determine the effect of sewage sludge added together with sawdust, peat, and straw at different ratios (the total rate was 60 t/ha). The

Abstract A comparative analysis of population-genetic structures of three indigenous sheep breeds (Kalmyk, Edilbay, and Karachay breeds) and closely related wild species of the European Mouflon has been performed with polylocus genotyping at the highly polymorphic fragments of genomic DNA flanked by inverted repeats of microsatellite loci and a long terminal repeat region of endogenous retrovirus BERV-K1

AbstractOne of the promising directions in modern pharmacology is the creation of biologically active drugs based on substances of natural origin. Of particular interest in this regard are peptides of fish skin mucus. The aim of the work was to purify and isolate the protein fractions—thromboplastin (clotting factor III, tissue factor, TF) and prothromboplastin (clotting factor XI, F11) from fish skin

AbstractOne of the promising areas for the potato business and a potential for increasing its overall profitability is industrial processing. As a result of it, consumers are offered semifinished or ready-to-eat products. The purpose of this work, which was carried out in 2017–2019 at the Kurakhsky mountain test site, was to investigate the productivity and quality indicators of potato cultivars and

AbstractThe results of studying piglets' cellular immunity in the postnatal period in an industrial pig-farming system have been reported. It is ascertained that the cellular immunity in piglets before colostrum intake is characterized by leukocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, T- and B-lymphocyte deficiencies and high ratios of theophylline-resistant (T-helpers) to theophylline-sensitive (T-suppressors)