Abstract This paper presents the results of research works carried out at the Central Scientific Agricultural Library (CSAL) to improve the information support of agricultural research in the area of updating the Information Search Thesaurus in Agriculture and Food (IST). The IST is the main linguistic tool for forming and structuring information arrays and for thematic search in them as well as a

Abstract Studies were carried out to determine the biochemical composition and nutritional value of muksun (Coregonus muksun (Pallas)) in the lower reaches of the Lena River. This is a valuable commercial fish; 90% of its total catch in Yakutia is covered by the Lena River, while its abundance is low in other rivers and continues to decrease due to overfishing. The average annual catch of muksun is

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the features of leaf area formation in spring cereals under agroecological conditions of the middle Amur region. The study is concerned with the varieties of spring oat Ekspress, spring soft wheat Khabarovchanka, and spring triticale Ukro. The features of leaf area formation in spring cereals have been shown at the major stages of organogenesis, and

Abstract The effect of different doses and dose rates of gamma radiation on the viability of khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (larval stage) was studied in laboratory experiments in 2019–2020. The pest-infested grain of spring barley of the Nur variety was irradiated on a GUR-120 unit at dose ranges of 50–450 Gy (dose rate 100, 500, and 950 Gy/h) and 500–1000 Gy (dose rate 950 Gy/h). The irradiation

Abstract This paper addresses the effects of the initial soil cultivation degree on the development of modern soil-formation processes affecting the agrochemical parameters of agro-sod-podzolic loamy soils. The effects were monitored in the course of a 4-year overgrowing period and subsequent land development resulting in the transformation of fallow lands into arable lands. The subject of this study

Abstract The objective of the survey was to assess the production performance of meat and its quality in the Karachai ram lambs reared under the different management technologies and altitudinal zonation systems in the Northern Caucasus Mountain Regions. The ram lambs of group one were kept on the mountain grazing lands at the elevation of 2200 m above sea level for the whole period of the survey.

Abstract The study outcomes of dynamic parameters for the pro- and anitoxidant status and the cytokine profile in piglets under the stress caused by weaning them from sows for their transfer to growing-fattening facilities under conditions of an industrial-sized pig farm are reported. It has been ascertained that the technological stress affecting the animals is followed by increasing the contents

Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important global food crop and a main source of calories for about 60% of the world population. Fertilizers are essential components of modern agriculture and play a vital role in improving rice and other crops yield. We performed a meta-analysis to determine how different types of fertilizers including chemical (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), 18 potassium (K),

Abstract Development of reliable fertility-restoring lines is the most important prerequisite for using cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plant breeding. Sorghum 9E type CMS is characterized by unstable expression of fertility-restoring genes, which require high levels of water availability for plants during microsporogenesis and flowering. In order to create reliable male-fertility-restoring lines

Abstract A brief description of the stages of winter wheat breeding in the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation is given. The characteristics of the Mironovskaya 808, Pamyati Fedina, Inna, and Moskovskaya 39 varieties were given in comparison with the new Nemchinovskaya 85 and Moskovskaya 27 varieties in terms of yield, productivity elements, and protein content in grain for 5 years of research

Abstract The breeding of winter wheat was carried out using conventional technology in the Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Center in 2014–2019. It took place in the chernozem (black earth) steppe under the conditions of a severely continental climate with insufficient and unstable humidity. It is demonstrated that yield stability in a wide range of environments becomes possible due to creating the

Abstract Crop simulation models of different complexity have been developed for predicting the effects of soil, water and nutrients on growth and water productivity of different crops. These models are calibrated and validated for a given region using the data generated from field experiments. Therefore, AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated for grain maize (Single Cross 260) under varying irrigation

Abstract Southern chernozem soils of the Taman Peninsula were studied to assess their suitability for viniculture and examine the possibility to dispose winery waste by diluting it with water and subsequently applying it to the soil. The subjects of this study were southern chernozem soils and the composition of the wine and brandy distillery stillage. Southern chernozem soils feature high levels of

Abstract For more than a 60-year period of apple breeding, 54 apple cultivars of different dates of fruit maturation have been developed and included in the State Register. Over this period of work, the requirements for new cultivars have significantly increased, and methods for creating new cultivars have been improved. Traditional methods of selection, i.e., repeated hybridization and geographically

Abstract False loose smut caused by the fungus Ustilago nigra Tapke causes significant damage to barley crops in Russia. The aim of this work was to estimate the false loose smut resistance in spring double-row barley varieties created by the Omsk Agrarian Research Center and samples from the Collection of the Vavilov All-Russia Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in Western Siberia. Cultivars

Abstract The article is devoted to the pharmaceutical substance of glucose with sodium chloride connected by a crystal lattice into a single cocrystal in a ratio identical to the composition of medicinal solutions of glucose with sodium chloride (NaCl). Currently, these solutions are obtained from two substances of glucose and sodium chloride, which creates certain difficulties in the production of

Abstract Livestock specialized cattle breeds combining high energy for both growth and fattening performance are successfully used for high-quality beef production. The use of DNA markers as the additional criteria for sampling and mating the animals allows us to increase the efficiency of selection processes along with improving the meat characteristics of cattle. The objective of the survey was to

Abstract The paper presents the results from field trials of Turmax organomineral supplements. The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of this drug on increasing potato yields and reducing the incidence of potato diseases. The object was the Turmax drug, which includes the basic mineral nutrients and metabolic products of rhizospheric microorganisms. The tests were carried out with the

Abstract This paper investigates the dependence of protein and fat content of soybean cultivars with various genetic origins on growing conditions and cultivar genotypes. We examined seeds of 11 cultivars and four soybean cultivar samples differing in the duration of the vegetation period, grown on seasonally frozen soils of Priamurye in 2017–2019, which corresponded to parameters of hydrothermal resources

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine control parameters of the pneumomechanical peeling machine for grain crops by changing the angular rotational speeds of its main working bodies, a blade disk (rotor) and a deck, to provide optimal dehulling conditions (removing films (outer shells) from the grain. Based on the model representation of the air flow, changes in the magnitude and direction

Abstract The paper summarizes a 3-year study of the total accumulation of phenolic compounds (PC), which represent the most important group of alcohol- and water-soluble antioxidants, in seeds and vegetative organs of vegetable soybean. The study was carried out using a Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method. Oil-bearing and vegetable soybean samples were grown in a greenhouse and on the experimental

Abstract The goal of this study was a molecular genetic passportization of the initial breeding material of sugar beet (male sterile lines, synanthous pollinators, and their hybrids). The following SSR primers were used: Unigene 24 552, Unigene 2305, Unigene 17 623, Unigene 14 805, and Unigene 62 524. The length range of the obtained DNA fragments varied within 100–3000 bp, and up to 11 polymorphic

Abstract The aim of the research was to compare the effectiveness of the differentiated and uniform application of herbicides on winter wheat crops in the northwest region of the Russian Federation. According to the research results, a stable positive correlation was found in the stemming phase of winter wheat between the NDVI vegetation index and the projective cover (r = 0.32–0.61, p ≤ 0.05) but

Abstract An inactivated vaccine based on the Sal. abortus equi BN-12 strain with the Bac. subtilis TNP-3 strain filtrate used as immunomodulator has been developed in order to prevent salmonella-induced equine abortion. Preclinical and clinical trials with the white mice and the horses, respectively, are carried out. The lack of toxicity is proven. The vaccine immunogenicity for mouse and mare models

Abstract A universal technology for obtaining virus-containing raw material used in the manufacture of vaccine preparations against plague in small ruminants, sheep pox, goat pox, bluetongue disease, and orf (contagious pustular dermatitis) of cattle has been described. The epizootic situation in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries in respect to these diseases, which pose the greatest

Abstract Results of studying the correlation dependence and ecological variability of grain quality features of 18 varieties of winter rye grown in 2014–2019 in a wide range of the weather factors are presented. The following features were studied: the water extract viscosity (WEV), the falling number (FN), the amilogram height (AH), shape stability of hearth bread (H/D), starch gelatinization temperature

Abstract There is currently a lack of capacity in the Russian nursery-garden, as a result of which a significant part of the planting material comes from abroad. Drip irrigation is one of the types of resource-saving technologies that can intensify agricultural production, including in the field of growing planting stock for gardening. The goal of the work was to study the effect of drip irrigation

Abstract Niche competition and minerals mobilization control different weed species distribution in cultivated crop fields. A study on standing mustard crop fields for consecutive three years in three blocks of Hooghly district of the Ganga delta, viz. Arambag, Balagarh, and Dhaniyakhali in West Bengal represented a quantitative estimation of weed diversity controlling the available nutrient conditions

Abstract Physiological tolerance to saline conditions was investigated in eight salt-tolerant, one salt-sensitive genotypes, and in one commercial tomato cultivar. The physiological parameters, leaf water potential, and osmotic potential, leaf temperature, stomatal conductivity, chlorophyll-SPAD reading, and leaf membrane injury were studied. The relationships of these parameters with each other were

Abstract The natural red pigment compound of tomato is lycopene which is responsible for red pigment in some fruits and vegetables. We have determined the lycopene concentration from the measured absorbance in fresh tomatoes with and without peel with different concentrations using spectrophotometric method. The measured lycopene contents vary from 3 to 33.5 mg/kg for spectral range of 444 to 560 nm

Abstract Farming horses of indigenous breeds adapted to extreme natural environments is the only effective way to use the vast areas of lands unsuitable for farming animals of the other species. Horse farming is a traditional industry in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) that remains a substantial potential for meat production improvement. Under extreme environmental conditions, genetic variations caused

Abstract The introgression lines of spring bread wheat L679 and L299, which are resistant to the leaf rust pathogen, were analyzed. These lines were obtained as a result of interspecific hybridization of the spring bread wheat cultivar Dobrynya and the durum wheat cultivar Zolotaya volna. The effectiveness of the resistances of L679 and L299 were evaluated against the Saratov population of the pathogen

Abstract The objective of the study was to analyze the efficiency of selection of the maternal breed pigs based on their scores for the indices of complex traits. Databases of phenotypes in the Large White pigs (n = 23 753) for reproductive performance (farrowing performance) and meat and fattening productivity in progeny (n = 34 866) produced from the livestock population at OOO Selection and Hybrid

Abstract The plant biomass (postharvest and crop residues, green manure crops, etc.) actively used in Siberian agriculture partly contributes to the replenishment of mineral nutrients needed to sustain field crop yields and to maintain soil fertility. A comparative assessment of kinetic parameters for mineralization of manure, green manure crops (sweet clover, oilseed rape, and winter rye), and straw

Abstract Activity of digestive enzymes and certain biochemical parameters in the native and freeze-dried duodenal digesta and freeze-dried ileal digesta were studied in a chronic experiment in broiler chicks with chronic duodenal or ileal fistulae fed with various calcium doses. The results show that the amylase activity after freeze-drying in the control group increases 5.7-fold, the lipase activity

Abstract The studies were carried out at the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Northeast during the period from 2013 to 2017 and in 2019. Model experiments tested seventeen chemical and biological preparations for the ability to limit the germination of sclerotia of the fungus Claviceps purpurea Fr. Tul. The dynamics of growth of mycelium of the fungus Spacelia segetum Lev. have been studied

Abstract Fiber flax varieties should be well adapted to the climatic conditions of the region and resistant to lodging, diseases, and other stress factors. The results of studying the collection varieties of fiber flax of different ecological and geographical origin in the soil and climatic conditions of Kirov oblast (Falenki Breeding Station, branch of the FASC of the Northeast) are presented. The

Abstract It is shown that sewage sludge formed during sewage treatment contains a significant amount of organic matter, nitrogen, and ash elements, which can be used by plants. The paper presents the results of a 3‑year microplot experiment on sod-podzolic soil to determine the effect of sewage sludge added together with sawdust, peat, and straw at different ratios (the total rate was 60 t/ha). The

Abstract A comparative analysis of population-genetic structures of three indigenous sheep breeds (Kalmyk, Edilbay, and Karachay breeds) and closely related wild species of the European Mouflon has been performed with polylocus genotyping at the highly polymorphic fragments of genomic DNA flanked by inverted repeats of microsatellite loci and a long terminal repeat region of endogenous retrovirus BERV-K1

AbstractOne of the promising directions in modern pharmacology is the creation of biologically active drugs based on substances of natural origin. Of particular interest in this regard are peptides of fish skin mucus. The aim of the work was to purify and isolate the protein fractions—thromboplastin (clotting factor III, tissue factor, TF) and prothromboplastin (clotting factor XI, F11) from fish skin

AbstractOne of the promising areas for the potato business and a potential for increasing its overall profitability is industrial processing. As a result of it, consumers are offered semifinished or ready-to-eat products. The purpose of this work, which was carried out in 2017–2019 at the Kurakhsky mountain test site, was to investigate the productivity and quality indicators of potato cultivars and

AbstractThe results of studying piglets' cellular immunity in the postnatal period in an industrial pig-farming system have been reported. It is ascertained that the cellular immunity in piglets before colostrum intake is characterized by leukocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, T- and B-lymphocyte deficiencies and high ratios of theophylline-resistant (T-helpers) to theophylline-sensitive (T-suppressors)

AbstractComparative evaluation of three different methods for assessing stallion sperm-membrane integrity, including the eosin staining technique, the fluorochrome staining (SYBR-14 + PI) method, and the hypo-osmotic test, has been made in order to reveal the most efficient method of measurement for this item. The stallion sperm showed high coefficients of correlation between sperm motility and intact

AbstractThe optimum model of a spring triticale cultivar adapted for the soil and climatic conditions of the Far East has been developed. A comparative study of the basic structural components of productivity, the most important economically valuable traits, and grain quality has been carried out using collection and standard cultivars of this crop as well as the standard cultivars of spring triticale

AbstractWeather factors usually favor the development of loose smut and crown rust in the northeast of the European part of the Russian Federation. During the growing season of 2017–2019, precipitation and heat resources widely varied that affected the development of these diseases under natural conditions. The aim of the work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of using artificial infectious backgrounds

AbstractThe effect of prolonged use of increasing doses of NPK on the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium forms available to plants in the fallow field of crop rotation and the change in these parameters during the growing season of winter rye was investigated. It was established that the content of labile phosphorus (148–540 mg/kg) and exchangeable potassium (138–403 mg/kg), depending

AbstractThe results of research on the influence of biologics based on rhizosphere microorganisms on the yield of spring wheat grain on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition on sod-podzolic light-loamy soil are presented. It was found that inoculation of spring wheat seeds with biologics provides an increase in grain yield by 1.2–1.3 times, while nitrogen fertilizer at doses of N45 and N90 provide

AbstractThe objective of the survey is to assess the regional variation in climate change and the associated level of animals' susceptibility to heat-stress. The air temperature and humidity datasets measured for 1996–2015 at meteorological station nos. 27 595, 28 506, and 28 704 in the Republic of Tatarstan are used. The temperature-humidity index (THI) is estimated according to J. West (1994). The

AbstractStudies have been conducted on the effectiveness of using feed containing 5, 10, 12.5, and 15% rapeseed cake on broiler chickens of the Habbard F-15 cross. The aim of this work was to establish the efficiency of feed with different levels of cake derived from the Podmoskovny variety of spring rapeseed of a new generation bred by the Williams Federal Scientific Center for Fodder Production and

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to provide a brief summary of the rice pests and their natural enemies in some major rice-growing countries in Asia. Rice is a major crop in Asia that is infested by a broad array of pests. The results of this study showed that lepidopteran species were the main rice pests in these Asian countries, but hemipteran and homopteran species were also problematic

AbstractA survey was performed to find out the methods for improving the Holtenized Simmental cattle through selective breeding with Montbeliarde bulls. The objective of the survey was to identify the behavior patterns for the key positions, including growth, development, conformation, and reproductive performance, in the heifers of two genotypes. The differences in the social behavior of heifers kept

AbstractCreating tetraploid rice is a promising field in increasing crop yields. There are currently no commercial rice varieties due to poor panicle grazing, which is caused by low pollen fertility. It is stated in the scientific literature that tetraploid plants are obtained in vitro androgenesis as an additional starting material. The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of callus in

AbstractThe use of data mining in agricultural production is gaining popularity. The results of the implementation of machine learning methods, namely, decision tree, support vector machine and the K-nearest neighbor for solving the problem of wheat seeds classification by yield properties, using bioelectric indicators of seeds are for the first time presented in the work. The effectiveness of the

AbstractEvaluation of winter wheat cultivars has been carried out in relation to their crop capacity, ecological stability, and plasticity under conditions of the light grey forest soils of the Nizhny Novgorod oblast. In 2012–2016, the crop capacity of the cultivars included into the study was 53.0 centner/hectare on average (V = 23.3%) varying from 16.3 to 89.2 centner/ha; the year-to-year and cultivar-to-cultivar

AbstractA new plant growth stimulant was developed according to the technology engineered by the scientists of ITMO and SPBGAU Universities. The biological effectiveness of the preparation was assessed by measuring 20 wheat productivity parameters and 16 parameters of various types of pathogenesis formed during the progress of root rot caused by Helminthosporium, different types of rust, powdery mildew

AbstractIn this study, 10 mg L–1 L-tryptophan effects on the seedling growth (fresh weight, radicle length and radicle number), seed germination, chromosomal aberrations and mitotic activity in Allium cepa L. germinated in salinity (0.175 M NaCl) conditions were investigated. In only L-tryptophan medium, the radicle length and radicle number of the seedlings were partially reduced compared to the control

AbstractThe paper gives a snapshot of primary trends in improving the chemical method of plant protection, including the development and advancement in such a promising group of preparations as insecto-fungicides. The goal of the work is a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the assortment of insecto-fungicides included in the Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian

AbstractA study into the preparation and grinding of a grain mixture containing 7% flax seeds was carried out in order to obtain a composite wheat-flax flour in which the entire biopotential of flax seeds was preserved. It was revealed that the preparation of the components of the grain mixture should be carried out independently, in parallel flows. The optimal extraction conditions for the wheat-flax

AbstractThe problems of increasing soybean production in Russia’s Amur oblast through the optimization of the structure of sown areas, enhancement of the material and technical basis, restoration of soil fertility, and the use of other techniques are considered. The obtained data on the chemical composition and nutrient value of the noncereal part of the soybean yield confirm the high fodder advantages

Abstract—The purpose of this study was to experimentally assess the effectiveness of using electrolyzed water to suppress the activity and contain the spread of phytopathogens when growing tomato seedlings during the off-season. The object of research was artificially cultivated phytocenoses of tomato seedlings. Qualitative and quantitative laws characterizing the dependence of phytopathogenic microflora