The plant growth regulator gibberellic acid (GA3) is often used to obtain enlarged table grape berries and induce seedlessness in them. However, the effects of GA3 on rachis elongation and bunch compactness have seldom been reported in wine grape production. We assessed the effects of GA3 spraying on wine grape inflorescences and bunches and their practical implications for viticulture in Jiaodong

There is an urgent need to strengthen the testing and certification of geographically iconic foods, as well as to use discriminatory science and technology for their regulation and verification. Multi‐element and stable isotope analyses were combined to provide a new chemometric approach for improving the discrimination tea samples from different geographical origins. Different stoichiometric methods

Barley contains a relatively high concentration of the mixed‐linkage (1 → 3) (1 → 4) β‐glucan, which has been reported to be a functional food with prebiotic potential. In the current study we compared the properties of two neutral barley β‐glucans, obtained from raw barley: raw barley β‐glucan (RBG) and Lactobacillus plantarum dy‐1‐fermented barley (FBG).

Traditional chemical methods were mainly used to evaluate the total antioxidant activity of essential oils. How to determine the bioactivity of each compound in mixtures is an interesting research topic. Nowadays, an ultra‐fast gas chromatography electronic nose (E‐nose) has been gradually used in the detection of volatile compounds, but the screening of the active components of essential oils has

BACKGROUND The aim of the current resarch to clarify ensiling of whole plant Hybrid pennisetum with Natamycin and Lactobacillus plantarum impacts on fermentation characteristics and meta-genomic microbial community at low temperature. RESULTS During ensiling process, lactic acid (LA) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was significantly (P < 0.05) increased and acetic acid (AA), water-soluble carbohydrate

Gel properties are important in determining the quality of surimi. In addition to myofibrillar proteins, lipids play an important role in the formation of surimi gel. Phospholipids (PL) are amphoteric lipids that cannot be removed through rinsing. Paradoxically, PL addition increases or decreases gel strength. This research aimed to investigate the effects of specific lipids on the gelation properties

Honey from Tiúba stingless bees (Melipona fasciculata) produced in three different ecosystems in Brazil (Cerrado, Litoral and Baixada), as well as a sample of honey from Apis mellifera bees from the Baixada region for comparison, were evaluated regarding viscosity, color, sensory profile and sensory acceptance.

This study reports for the first time the physical, chemical and sensory characterization of a traditional fish sauce from Italy, called “Colatura di Alici”, considered as the direct descendant of the ancient roman sauce “Garum”.

Using nutrient‐rich animal wastes as organic fertilizers in agricultural practices is a sustainable method for soil amendment and avoiding environmental pollution. In order to evaluate their practical effect, we applied different proportions of animal waste as fertilizers to wet or dry soils that were either planted or not planted with young walnut trees.

Scion physiology and grape quality are impacted by rootstock choice. There is little available information about the effects of rootstock on wine volatile composition, particularly when comparing grafted with own‐rooted grapevines. This field trial was aimed at studying the influence of rootstock choice on volatile composition of Merlot wines.

The general enzymatic method for producing reducing sugar is liquefaction followed by saccharification of starch. This method results in lower yields, consuming high energy and time. Therefore, the present study evaluated a new approach for producing reducing sugar from sweet potato starch (SPS), including simultaneous liquefaction (by α‐amylase) and saccharification (by glucoamylase) of SPS pretreated

A viable possibility for the best use of bioactive compounds present in camu‐camu, fruit native to the Amazonian rainforest, is the preparation of microcapsules using different biopolymers by the spray‐drying technique, which would increase the possibilities for innovation in the food industry, as well as facilitate the application in different food matrices. In this context, the chemical, physicochemical

Rice serves as a staple food for half of the global population. However, the rice production, particularly rice milling process, results in a substantial amount of paddy waste products (e.g. bran, husk, and straw) annually. As the potentials of bran were extensively explored in prior studies, this review paper exclusively focused on the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of husk

Penicillium digitatum is one of the most important pathogens causing citrus green mold, leading to significant economic losses. Traditionally, synthetic fungicides are used to control diseases. However, the side effects of fungicides should not be ignored. Thus, antagonistic yeasts were proposed to be safe and effective alternatives to manage diseases. Orchards are excellent sources of naturally occurring

Nucleotides play an important role in the regulation of cellular energy and protein homeostasis, which facilitate the repair, recovery, and repletion of tissue function. This study tested the effects of maternal uridine (UR) supplementation during late pregnancy and lactation of sows on the immune function of the small intestine in neonatal and suckling piglets.

Potatoes yield and tubers compositions are linked to mechanisms adopted by plants to cope with salinity and often can change after cooking. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity, variety and cooking method in composition of potato tubers. Three potato varieties (Spunta, Bellini and Alaska) grown under distinct salt levels (T1: 2.2 ms cm−1 EC, T2: 8.5 ms cm−1 EC before electromagnetic

Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) is recognized as one of the most nutritious foods containing a high protein content up to 70%. Meanwhile, the interest in using natural protein resource to develop bio‐active peptides is steadily increasing. Therefore, this study released the bio‐active peptides from S. platensis by enzymatic hydrolysis using pepsin (1:3000 U/g), and their amino acid sequences were

The combination of the nutritional profile of almond milk with the benefits of probiotic bacteria are an interesting development to cover the demand of sustainable and health‐promoting food. Almond milk inoculated with probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 8014) was spray dried. Physicochemical characterization of almond raw material, almond milk and powders were carried out within this study. Besides

Citrus fiber is a main component in the peel of citrus and contains natural dietary fiber. It is often used as a functional additive to improve the texture or nutritional property of food. It is also widely used to reduce the content of absorbable fat in sausages and other meat products, and to improve food stability as an emulsifier. In this research, the dynamic rheological properties (linear and

Apples have a leading role in the Italian fruit sector and high‐quality apples, including the Golden Delicious variety, are cultivated mainly in the Northern mountain districts. With this study, Golden Delicious apples from PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) and PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) cultivation districts were characterized according to their Sr isotope composition and compared

Interest in alternatives to the traditional wheat Triticum aestivum among farmers, millers, bakers, and consumers is increasing. The ALTERGRAIN project aimed to compare the Belgian‐soil cultivated Einkorn (1 K), Emmer (EMM), Khorasan (KH), and modern wheat (MW) with respect to nutritional values of kernels, breads made from these cereals, and population‐level nutrient intake implications.

Lactic acid fermentation has been widely used to improve the nutritional and functional properties of food products. Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb., on the other hand, is considered as an invasive plant species with known medicinal and functional properties. In this study, improvement of the biological activity and health benefits of the cherry silverberry fruit through lactic acid fermentation was investigated

Compared with the traditional qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which only identifies the category of species, the quantitative PCR method provides a value, which is very important for appropriate penalty enforcement according to the extent of adulteration. However, most of the current quantitative PCR methods are based on mitochondrial genes, expressing different copy numbers in different

Interactions between polyphenols and gut microbiota are indeed a major issue of current interest in food science research. Knowledge in this subject is progressing as the experimental procedures and analysis techniques do. The aim of this article is to critically review the more leading‐edge approaches that have been applied so far in the study of the interactions between grape/wine polyphenols and

Jiuqu are vital saccharifying and fermenting agents for Chinese fermented foods. Natural ventilation during Jiuqu fermentation causes changes in temperature, oxygen and moisture content, and result in mass and heat gradients from the outer to inner areas of Jiuqu blocks. Here the microbiota stratification in Jiuqu was investigated by single molecule real‐time sequencing and culture isolation. The contributors

The total amount of bio‐waste produced annually in the EU by the food and beverage chains is estimated at 37 Mtons. The possibility to use insects for the valorization of by‐products from these value chains may represent a sustainable solution. This study aims at investigating the by‐products obtained from different food chains for the rearing of black soldier fly prepupae to evaluate lipid content

Propolis exhibits therapeutic properties due to the presence of phenolic acids, esters and flavonoids. The scope of this study was to develop a nano‐vesicular formulation and establish a 3‐Dimensional (3D) spheroid model, in which lung cancer is recapitulated.

Vitamin A has been reported as a factor influencing marbling deposition in meat animals. Although the mechanisms by which vitamin A regulates lipid metabolism in mature adipocytes were already well‐established, information regarding molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of vitamin A on the regulation of the intramuscular fat deposition in beef cattle are still limited. Our objective was to assess

Cultivation of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is increasing in Europe in the last years, in particular due to the availability of new genotypes suitable for the cultivation in many different environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resilience and nutritional quality of eleven highbush blueberry cultivars and two new selections (from The New Zealand Institute

Edible kernels have been popular food items since ancient times. Although in‐shell nuts are naturally protected and relatively shelf stable, convenience demands require their commercialization in shelled form. However, whereas shelled kernels are more convenient, they are more exposed to oxygen, and thus more susceptible to oxidative rancidity and loss of crunchiness, which negatively affect the product

Biofilm-forming Bacillus species are often involved in persistent contamination and spoilage of dairy products. They therefore present a major microbiological challenge in the field of dairy food quality and safety. Due to their substantial physiological versatility, Bacillus species can survive in various parts of dairy manufacturing plants, leading to a high risk of product spoilage and potential

Hydrogels are important materials that are of high scientific interest and with numerous applications. Natural polymer-based hydrogels are preferred to synthetic ones due to their safety, biocompatibility, and ecofriendly properties. They have been studied extensively and implemented in various fields, such as medicine, cosmetics, personal-care products, water purification, and more. This review focuses

BACKGROUND A spicy ethnic food with strong flavor, such as Kimchi (Korean traditional fermented vegetable dish), may not be well-accepted by foreign consumers on the first trial, but liking can be acquired if exposed frequently. This study was conducted to understand how spiciness and fish sauce flavor impact American consumers' perception and acceptance of Kimchi. Thirteen untrained American panelists

Methoxyfenozide possesses efficacy against a variety of lepidopteron pests, including the major pests in cauliflower and tea, so it is of great importance to generalize the practical use of methoxyfenozide in the field.

A new type of deep eutectic solvent based on three components using phosphate salts has been synthesized, characterized, and applied in the extraction of eight organothiophosphate pesticides from honey samples. In this study, the deep eutectic solvent was prepared from phosphocholine choline chloride as a hydrogen bond acceptor and dichloroacetic acid and decanoic acid as hydrogen bond donors. The

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most widely cultivated nuts. Walnut milk beverage is very popular in China due to its nutritional value. However, adulterated walnut milk ingredients have been detected in the Chinese market. Peanut and soybean are sold at much lower prices than walnut and are reported to be commonly used for adulteration in the industrial chain of walnut milk production. The

An imbalanced fat or excess energy intake always results in obesity and increased serum/liver lipids, thus leading to metabolic syndromes. Given the bioactive components in black vinegar (BV), such as branched amino acids, phenolic profile, and mineral contents, we investigated the antiobesity effects of BV‐based supplements in rats fed a high‐fat diet (HFD).

BACKGROUND Promoting brown and beige adipogenesis contributes to adaptive thermogenesis, which provides a defense against obesity and related disorders. Apple polyphenols (APs) play a significant role in treating variety of metabolic diseases. This study was conducted to determine the effects of APs on the development of brown and beige adipocytes and thermogenesis and investigate whether these effects

BACKGROUND Metabolites in kiwifruit greatly influence nutritional values; however, the dynamic changes in nutrient composition and the gene expression level of yellow kiwifruit have not been studied so far. To investigate the types and accumulation patterns of metabolites, a metabolomics approach utilizing liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and transcriptomics were used

BACKGROUND Greek oregano is a culinary and medicinal herb native to the Mediterranean region; however nowadays it is cultivated in many regions all over the world. It is commonly used as a spice for flavoring food products and in various traditional medicine applications. This study investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilization at 0-150 kg N ha-1 on the potential bioaccessibility and activity of

BACKGROUND Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology can be a powerful analytical technique for the assessment of plant starch, but generally samples need to be freeze-dried and ground. This study investigated the feasibility of using NIRS technology to quantify starch concentration in ground and intact grapevine cane wood samples (with or without the bark layer). A partial least squares

BACKGROUND Common bean is a staple food in Latin America and Africa; however, studies about contamination of common bean with pesticides are rarely reported. So, the goals of this study were to validate a multiresidue method and apply it in monitoring of pesticides in common beans. Extraction was performed applying the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) approach to ground samples

BACKGROUND Polysaccharides have been expected to have a suppressive effect on starch digestibility by blending. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of anionic (xanthan gum), neutral (guar gum), and cationic (chitosan) polysaccharides on the in vitro digestibility of raw and gelatinized starch using six potato cultivars differing in phosphorus content. RESULTS By comparing the

BACKGROUND Pre-harvest sprouting of wheat is viewed negatively because of the high level of enzymatic activity, which leads to a deterioration in the bread-making performance of the related flours. On the other hand, improvements in bread properties (i.e. volume and crumb softness) are reported when sprouted wheat under controlled conditions is used in mixtures with a conventional unsprouted flour

BACKGROUND Undernutrition remains a challenge in countries like Malawi. The search for effective nutrition interventions to address this challenge is ongoing. In this study, the sensory profiles of six peanut-based beverage prototypes were determined. Three of the prototypes had barley malt in their formulations, and the other three had sorghum malt in their formulations. Nutrient profiles were determined

BACKGROUND In recent years there has been a concern about the presence of pesticides in honey because residues of DDT and carbaryl were found in honey samples. Traditional techniques, such as chromatography, reach the required limits of detection (LOD) but are not suitable for in situ implementation in the honey-packaging industry due to their high cost and the need for highly qualified staff for routine

BACKGROUND Polysaccharides may enhance/inhibit lipid digestibility of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions because of their emulsifying and/or stabilizing ability and can also affect the formation, stability, and viscosity of emulsions. Tamarind seed gum (TSG) was used as the sole emulsifier/stabilizer to stabilize an O/W emulsion prepared using high-speed homogenization. We investigated the effects of various

BACKGROUND Japanese fermented foods, including funazushi, have have been studied insufficiently. Related research into fermented products has led to the hope that they might have positive effects on blood circulation, including anti-thrombosis effects. The possible antithrombotic effects of funazushi on the fibrinolytic system were examined. RESULTS The administration of extracts from funazushi increased

BACKGROUND Coffee is a raw material of global interest. Due to its relevance, this work evaluated the performance of calibration models constructed from spectral data obtained using near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) to determine the pH values and acidity in coffee beans in a practical and non-destructive way. Partial least squares regression was used during the calibration and the cross-validation

Many foods contain proteins and polyphenols, but there is a poor understanding of the nature of the inhibitory effect of protein on the biologic activity of polyphenols. The inhibitory mechanism of the food protein lactoferrin on the antibacterial activity of oligomeric ellagitannin oenothein B (OeB) was investigated using fluorescence quenching, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to identify relationships between components of intramuscular connective tissue, proportions of the different fiber types, intramuscular fat and sensory tenderness of beef cooked at 55 °C. Accordingly, four muscles differing in their metabolic and contractile properties, as well as in their collagen content and butcher value, were obtained from dairy and beef cattle

BACKGROUND The present study investigated the volatile composition of a Pedro Ximénez sweet wine that had been aged in barrels made of different types of wood (Spanish oak, French oak, American oak and chestnut) and subjected to different degrees of toasting (medium toasting and intense toasting). The analyses were carried out using stir bar sorptive extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

BACKGROUND Pesticides are extensively used worldwide to control plant pathogens and prevent agricultural product damage. However, they can pollute the environment and endanger human health. So far, a variety of sample preparation methods have been developed for the analysis of pesticide residues. RESULTS A hyphenated solid-liquid microextraction method based on a new adsorbent of magnetic graphene

BACKGROUND Fresh shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) deteriorates easily and the drying process is an important processing method for prolonging the shelf life of shrimp. The traditional drying method is hot-air-drying (HD), which can cause some problems such as nutrient loss, discoloration and lipid oxidation. In recent years, freeze-drying (FD) has been popular for removing moisture from food at lower temperatures

BACKGROUND Carapax Trionycis is the shell of the soft-shelled turtle. It is rich in minerals, amino acid, peptides, and other nutrients. Current processing and consumption of soft-shelled turtle leads to the waste of huge quantities of Carapax Trionycis in the form of spent materials. In this study, the bioavailability, prebiotic activity, and physicochemical properties of Carapax Trionycis using different

BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) has important effects on maize growth, and the application of Mg fertilizer with straw return inevitably has an impact on Mg absorption in maize. RESULTS A two-year field trial was conducted to investigate the effects of Mg fertilizers with straw return on Mg accumulations, partitioning and remobilization in maize (Zea mays L.) in northeast China. The treatments included:

BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that proteins and other quality parameters of wheats may have changed over a century of wheat breeding. These changes may affect protein digestibility. The in vitro protein digestibility of breads made with 21 cultivars of wheat introduced or released in the USA between 1870 and 2013 was therefore evaluated. RESULTS Protein digestibility increased with release