Zinc biofortified rice could contribute to zinc intake in deficient populations but processing it into parboiled rice could affect this potential benefit. Zinc and iron true retention (TR) in milled rice produced with conditions resembling household and commercial parboiled methods was evaluated. Zinc and iron TR in milled rice obtained from biofortified and non-biofortified rice subjected to different

The contribution of bacteria to fermented tea is not clear, and the associated research is relatively limited. To reveal the role of microorganisms in the fermented tea processing, the microbial community and metabolites of Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT), a Chinese traditional fermented tea, were revealed with high throughput sequencing and the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in the current study

Sowing date, seeding rate, and nitrogen (N) topdressing ratio have strong effects on grain yield (GY) and bread-making quality (BQ) in bread wheat. Simultaneous improvement in GY and BQ in bread wheat has long been a challenge due to the inverse relationship between GY and grain protein concentration (GPC). In this study, we investigated whether the GY and BQ of bread wheat sown on different dates

Flaxseed is a rich source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, lignans, and dietary fiber. However, it also contains phytic acid that inhibits mineral absorption and has the potential to adversely affect the properties of bread. Microfluidization prevents these negative effects, reduces the amount of phytic acid, and improves functional properties. In this study, the possibility of using full-fat and defatted

Use of slow-release fertilizers derived from biological sources is important in sustainable agricultural development. Struvite-K (KMgPO4.6H2O) is magnesium potassium phosphate mineral that has high potential for use as fertilizer in agriculture. Struvite-K is particularly suitable for slow-release fertilizer systems since struvite-K crystals are sparingly soluble in water. Seeds of pumpkin Cucurbita

Chilling injury (CI) is a physiological disorder that results in a limitation for cold storage (CS) of many fruits and vegetables. The low temperature-induced changes in the properties and composition of cell membranes are involved in the response to chilling temperature and in the mechanism of CI and tolerance.

The influence of foliar nitrogen fertilizer during veraison (FNFV) on anthocyanin accumulation and chromatic characteristics of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapes over two seasons were investigated.

Nitrogen and water are two major factors in rice production. Due to lack of ample evidences and much uncertainties in field experiments, the coupling effects of water and nitrogen in paddy field have remained debatable over years.

Hydric stress affects the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide, making some tools necessary to cope with the decrease in rainfall. A sustainable alternative is the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilisers. Here, we analysed the effects of AMF strains adapted or non-adapted to hyper-arid conditions on the phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat grains

Thiamethoxam is widely used to control pests in Chinese kale, popularly consumed leafy vegetables. The potential risk to the environment and human health has aroused much public concern. Therefore, it's significant to investigate the degradation behavior, residue distribution and dietary risk assessment of thiamethoxam in Chinese kale.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a spice utilized widely in India, China, and Southeast Asia as an aromatic stimulant, a food preservative, and coloring material. The commonly used names of turmeric are castor saffron, turmeric, and saffron root. Turmeric is a yellow–orange polyphenolic natural substance derived from C. longa rhizomes. It has been used to treat common inflammatory diseases, tumors, biliary

Apple wine was a popular alcoholic beverage for its nutrition and fresh taste. However, the methanol existing in apple wine restricts its quality. Unfortunately, there was no mature method to reduce the methanol content in fruits wine. To this end, bentonite (B), calcium chloride (CC) and their combination (B&CC) were added into apple juice in this study. The treated juice (0) and supernatant obtained

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase worldwide. Multiple factors, including diet, loss of the intestinal barrier function, and imbalance of the immune system can cause IBD. A balanced diet is important for maintaining a healthy bowel and preventing IBD from occurring. The effects of probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri-fermented Maillard reaction products (MRPs) prepared

Nutritional quality in bell pepper is related to the ripening stage of fruit at harvest and postharvest storage and its determination require time-consuming, tissue destructive, analytical laboratory techniques. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ripening stage and of postharvest storage period on fruit nutritional quality, as well whether it is feasible to develop reliable

The exact mechanism of lipid autoxidation in vegetable oils, taking into account physical aspects of this phenomenon, including role of association colloids, is still not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to consider changes of moisture content and DOPC phospholipid (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) critical micelle concentration (CMC) in rapeseed oil during autoxidation as well

Rice yield and grain quality are highly sensitive to soil salinity. Distinct rice genotypes respond to salinity stress differently. To explore the variation in grain yield and grain trait adaptation to moderate, reproductive-stage salinity stress (4 dS/m electrical conductivity), four rice cultivars differing in degrees of vegetative salt tolerance, including Pokkali (salt-tolerant), RD15 (moderately

Half of all apple production worldwide comes from China. However, the geographic authentication of Chinese apples has not been well studied. We highlight the multi-element-based geographical discrimination of apples from the southwest cold highlands (SCH) of China. 565 samples from the SCH (138) and others (427) were obtained, and the content of fifteen elements were applied to construct models for

Helminth infections in animals to be consumed by humans are an important medical and public health problem. Pharmaceutical research has focused on developing new anthelmintic drugs for parasite control in these animals. However, the incorrect use of anthelmintics can leave residues in animal products intended for human consumption. Their determination is therefore crucial in terms of food safety.

The natural abundance of stable isotope 15N (δ15N) in production systems has emerged as an alternative to distinguish organic products from conventional ones. This study evaluated the use of δ15N values recorded for nitrogen fertilizers, soil and plant tissue in order to set the differences between organic and conventional agricultural production systems applied to rice, potatoes, apple and banana

A polysaccharide was purified in this study, which was acquired from the fermentation broth of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. We aimed to investigate the structural features and bioactivity of this polysaccharide.

Cereal–legume intercropping systems are an environmentally friendly practice in sustainable agriculture. However, research on the interspecific interaction of nitrogen (N) between rice and aquatic legumes has rarely been undertaken. To address this issue, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate N utilization and the N interaction between rice and water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea Lour.) in an intercropping

Nowadays a significant amount of land contaminated with toxic elements is being used for agriculture, posing a serious risk of crop contamination and toxicity. Several methodologies are being used to remediate soil contamination, including the use of amendments such as biochar. This work evaluated the effects of biochar combined with different fertirrigations (water, a conventional fertilizer solution

Stevia rebaudiana is a high value crop due to the strong commercial demand for its metabolites (steviol glycosides) but has limited geographical cultivation range. In non-native environments with different daylength and light quality, Stevia has low germination rates and early flowering resulting in lower biomass and poor yield of the desired metabolites. In this study, artificial lighting with light-emitting

Soy contains many bioactive phytochemicals, such as isoflavones, which have the effect of preventing many cancers. Some studies have shown the beneficial effect of soy-based food and isoflavone intake on gastric cancer (GC), while others claimed no effect. Therefore, whether the beneficial effect of soy-based food is related to its fermentation or whether its protective effect comes from isoflavones

To improve the aroma of kiwi wine through the utilization of Wickerhamomyces anomalus, kiwi juice was fermented using a selected W. anomalus strain in pure culture and mixed fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was inoculated simultaneously and sequentially. The physicochemical indices, volatile compounds and aroma properties of the kiwi wines were assessed.

Although the main method for authentication of monofloral honey is pollen analysis, other classification approaches have been also applied. However, the majority of the existing classification models so far have utilized a few honey types or a few honey samples of each honey type, which can lead to inaccurate results. Aiming at addressing this, the goal of the present study was to create a classification

The oil palm tree produces 90% of wastes and the limited usage of these wastes causes a major disposal problem in the mills. Nevertheless, these by-products have a large amount of nutritional components. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the physicochemical and functional properties of protein hydrolysates (PH) from oil palm leaves (OPL) extracted using different concentrations of Alcalase

Fresh shiitake mushrooms are rich in nutrients, but have high water content, a fast metabolism after harvest, and deteriorate extremely easily. Therefore, the drying of shiitake mushrooms has become a research direction. However, the role of different drying techniques on shiitake mushroom quality is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal and non-thermal

Neonicotinoids are widely used insecticides, and tea is a popular nonalcoholic beverage in Taiwan. However, the levels of neonicotinoids in Taiwanese tea leaves remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to understand the characteristics of neonicotinoid and metabolite residues in Taiwanese tea leaves.

The rind from cantaloupe is an agricultural waste of cantaloupe industrial processing. The current study tried to (i) evaluate the potential use of cantaloupe rind as a pectin source, (ii) optimize the factors of microwave-assisted extraction process using Box–Behnken design, and (iii) characterize the isolated pectin using various physicochemical, structural, functional and bioactivity properties

The effect of nanoemulsions prepared with grape seed and cinnamon essential oils on the shelf-life of flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) fillets was evaluated by determining physicochemical (pH, free fatty acids, peroxide value, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)), sensory and microbiological (mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total psychrophilic bacteria

The present study investigated the sensory acceptance, oxidative damage and protection, and possible anatomical-structural damage of cells from the surface of shapes of minimally processed yam. The tubers were minimally processed into the peeled rondelle, dice and ‘chateau cut’ (chateau) shapes, the latter of which was obtained after performing the abrasion technique. Control treatment corresponded

Kale and arugula are leafy green vegetables whose sensory properties have not been extensively explored. The objective was to assess the sensory properties and consumer acceptability of commercially available kale and arugula while also discovering drivers of consumer liking and barriers to consumer acceptance. Descriptive analysis and consumer testing were completed. The trained panellists (n = 11)

The human tongue is important in the oral processing of food and in sensory perception. Tongue topography could influence delicate differences in sensory perception. It is hypothesized that tongue surface roughness could alter oral lubrication status and affect perception of smoothness. Fifteen participants with varying levels of tongue surface roughness were recruited and tested. Participants' in

Foxtail millet grain has higher folate content than other cereal crops. However, the folate metabolite content and the expression patterns of folate metabolite-related genes are unknown.

Grazed grass is an important component of the majority of beef production systems used in temperate climates. Compared to concentrate-fed beef, ‘grass-fed’ beef can command a premium in some markets based on perceived differences in appearance and sensory characteristics. The influence of grazed grass per se, as well as the duration of grazing, on selected sensory characteristics of beef within a heifer

Bioactive compound delivery systems must provide stability against severe food processing and environmental conditions. Cress seed gum (CSG) with high thermal stability can be a promising polysaccharide for preparing physically cross-linked hydrogel as a curcumin delivery system. In the present study, CSG (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g kg−1) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) (0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.10 g kg−1)

Drought stress (DS) is the most important abiotic stress affecting yield and quality of tea worldwide. DS causes oxidative stress to cells due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As non-enzymatic antioxidants, tea catechins can scavenge excess ROS in response to DS. Further, catechin accumulation contributes to the formation of oxidative polymerization products (e.g. theaflavins and

Sesame oil has excellent flavor and is widely loved by people. Sesame oil has a higher price than other vegetable oils because of its high raw material price, and different processing techniques also result in different quality and price. In the market, driven by economic interests, the problem of adulteration of sesame oil is endless. Therefore, screening of volatile markers used to distinguish the

Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), like cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy-dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattle's diet from SC-rich to high levels of starch. Feeding of starch-rich diets increases the risk of ruminal acidosis in cows, and feeding starch in form of grains intensifies

Damages from cracking, russeting and sunscalds cause significant yield losses in pomegranate worldwide and may result from stressful environmental conditions. Although foliar sprays with minerals or growth regulators could be an important orchard management, little is known on the effectiveness of glycine betaine, Si-based fertilizers or the response of cv. ‘Wonderful’ to GA3.

‘Gold Finger’ is a grape cultivar with a finger-like shape and milk flavor. The evolution process of its aroma profile during ripening is unclear. Thus, changes in the free and bound volatile compounds present in ‘Gold Finger’ grapes during ripening were investigated using headspace sampling–solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (HS-SPME-GC-MS).

Sugarcane straw is an available but largely ignored lignocellulosic biomass to obtain cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with highly crystalline, tunable surface chemistries and a wide-ranging adaptability. Herein, we utilized sugarcane straw to obtain pure cellulose via purification processes, followed by subsequent preparation of CNCs via sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The properties of the purified fibers

Corn silk is a very important by-product of corn production with medicinal value. Corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) is the main active ingredient. In the present study, ultrasound and spheroidization by anti-solvent were applied to improve the biological activity of CSP.

Multilayer perceptron (MLP) feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN) and first-order Takagi–Sugeno-type adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) are utilized to model the fluidized bed-drying process of Echium amoenum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. The moisture ratio evolution is calculated based on the drying temperature, airflow velocity and process time. Different ANN topologies are examined by

Epilactose, a potential prebiotics, was derived from lactose through enzymatic catalysis. However, production and purification of epilactose are currently difficult due to powerless enzymes and inefficient downstream processing steps.

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most important secondary storage pests of all types of flour and flour based products. Present study focus on the fragment producing behaviour of T. castaneum in wheat flour during storage and its effect on the quality parameters and defect action level (DAL) of fragments. The Food Drug Administration (FDA) set DAL of 75 insect fragments in 50 g of flour.

Germination of mung beans increases the content of dietary fiber, vitamin C, antioxidants, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Atmospheric cold plasma is a recently developed technology that can rapidly modify the surface properties of an object. In this work, atmospheric cold plasma was utilized to promote higher moisture absorption of mung bean seeds and, thus, enhance the germination ratio and GABA

Rice α-globulin has been reported to have serum cholesterol-lowering activity in rats. However, it is still unclear whether α-globulin exerts this effect when taken as one of the dietary components. In the present study, we investigated the effect of two cultivars of rice, low glutelin content (LGC)-1 and LGC-Jun, on reducing serum cholesterol in exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats. LGC-1

Dehulling and splitting are important elements of the milling process to produce dhal from pulses. However, grain that is difficult-to-mill because of tightly adhered seed coats or cotyledons that resist separation makes it difficult to achieve high quality dhal. Milling yields are reduced, energy inputs into the milling process are increased, and the resulting dhal can be of poorer quality, chipped

Soil- and plant-produced extracellular enzymes drive nutrient cycling in soils and are assumed to regulate supply and demand for carbon (C) and nutrients within the soil. Thus, agriculture management decisions that alter the balance of plant and supplemental nutrients should directly alter extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs), and EEA stoichiometry in predictable ways. We used a 12-year experiment

The economic value of many fruit and vegetables is often linked to the ability to preserve such natural products. In the case of tomatoes, the manufacture of 1 kg of powder or concentrate requires the evaporation of about 16 kg water kg−1 dry matter. In the present work, the effectiveness and economic analysis of solar drying systems for drying of tomato paste with and without geothermal water heat

Mushroom possesses desirable aroma, taste, texture, health-promoting and disease-preventing dietary components, making it an ideal ingredient, especially for animal-based food substitution. Nevertheless, no study has replaced egg whites partially with mushrooms and investigated their sensory quality. This study aimed to investigate flavor impartment of mushroom on egg whites and the sensory quality

Argan oil is one of the purest and rarest oils in the world, so that the addition of any further product is strictly prohibited by international regulations. Consequently, it is necessary to establish reliable analytical methods to ensure its authenticity. In this study, three multivariate approaches have been developed and validated using fluorescence, UV–visible, and attenuated total reflectance

Chinese te-flavor baijiu (CTF), the most famous Chinese baijiu in Jiangxi province, China, is made from a unique daqu. Its characteristic style is closely related to the daqu used for fermentation. However, current studies on the effects of different production seasons on microbial communities, physicochemical indices, and volatile compounds in CTF daqu are very rare.

Oilseed rape is one of the most important oilseed crops worldwide, crucial in the food and feed industries. Different environment and climatic conditions can influence its sustainable cultivation and crop yield. Aminopeptidases are crucial enzymes in many physiological processes in all organisms, including humans, so it is important to learn their behavior in food and feed sources. This study presents

A great amount of data covering a wide variety of plant species and experimental conditions has demonstrated the beneficial actions that melatonin exerts on many aspects of plant development, including germination, photosynthesis and water economy. Melatonin behaves especially well as a plant biostimulator against biotic and abiotic stressors, increasing stress tolerance. The present contribution sets

Fish oil is an important source of healthy ω-3 fatty acids to be used in functional foods. However, its autoxidation susceptibility, aroma and solubility make it difficult to use. Its encapsulation could reduce these disadvantages. This manuscript focuses on the drying stage of encapsulation process. Its objective was to study the encapsulation of fish oil with soy proteins by emulsification and lyophilization

Juices are currently the fast growing segment in the fruit and vegetable industry sector. However, there are still no reports on the diversity of phytochemical profile and health-promoting properties of commercial sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) juices. This study aimed to identify and quantify phytoprostanes, phytofurans (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS), tocopherols, tocotrienols (UPLC-FL), carotenoids and

The bacterial community successions were surveyed during the processing stages of sugar production using high-throughput sequencing methods. Furthermore, the correlation between bacterial community and nitrate/nitrite content in beet sugar processing were investigated. In an analysis of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene, 254122 effective sequences were obtained from samples that included sugar