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On farm survival of Apulian legume and cereal landraces in relation to land cover/land use changes. A case study Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Angela Rosa Piergiovanni; Benedetta Margiotta
Apulia (southeast of Italy) has always been an agricultural region in the Italian landscape. Nowadays, the countryside is a mix of natural environments and artificial landscapes. From 2014 to 2016, the region has been the object of a project aimed to collect information about geographic position and surface devoted to legume and/or cereal landrace cultivation. The collection missions carried out allowed
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Low-input cultivation of camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) in a Mediterranean semi-arid environment Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 Giovanni Avola; Orazio Sortino; Fabio Gresta
The cultivation of oil crops for biofuel production has often been accused of not being environmentally sustainable due to the high inputs needed. To explore the effect of reduced input on productive and qualitative traits of camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz), a trial was carried out over a two-year period. This study analysed two different levels of input: a low input treatment (shallow non-inversion
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A multi-criteria qualitative tool for the sustainability assessment of organic durum wheat-based farming systems designed through a participative process Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2021-02-12 Ileana Iocola; Luca Colombo; Giovanni Dara Guccione; Pasquale De Vita; Massimo Palumbo; Vincenzo Ritunnano; Fabiola Sciacca; Nino Virzì; Stefano Canali
The agriculture sustainability assessment is a difficult issue for the coexistence of conflicting objectives and the multidimensionality of the performances. The environmental, economic and social pillars need to be simultaneously considered in an assessment to evaluate potential synergies and trade-offs of the agricultural processes within and among the attributes of the dimensions in both implemented
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Soils and the European Green Deal Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Luca Montanarella
Soils play a central role in achieving sustainable development. The new European Green Deal is addressing all policy areas relevant to sustainable soil management: climate change, biodiversity, agriculture and desertification, including sustainable water management, are necessarily at the core of the European policies. Consistently addressing soil protection across these different policy areas will
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Effect of land set up systems on soil losses Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Marco Napoli; Filiberto Altobelli; Simone Orlandini
Agricultural land set up systems comprise those agronomic structures able to preserve the soil fertility from water erosion, such as: ditching, contouring, earth-riser and stonewall terracing, draining, and channelization, etc.. However, in the past 60 years, agricultural mechanization has led to an expansion of the field size and reduction in land set up system intensity to make machine operation
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Permanent cover for soil and water conservation in mechanized vineyards: A study case in Piedmont, NW Italy Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Giorgio Capello; Marcella Biddoccu; Eugenio Cavallo
Vineyards’ soils are especially threatened by the risk of soil compaction and soil erosion, with negative consequences for wine production and provisioning of ecosystem services. The adopted inter-rows soil management influences the response of vineyard to different types of rainfall events, in terms of runoff and soil erosion. Actually, the use of cover crops in vineyards is widely considered as an
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Land set-up systems in Italy: A long tradition of soil and water conservation sewed up to a variety of pedo-climatic environments Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Giuseppe Lo Papa; Carmelo Dazzi; Sandor Némethy; Giuseppe Corti; Stefania Cocco
Land set-up systems in Italy were and, in a few cases, still are integral parts of agricultural landscapes. The soils of Italy mirror a wide variety of climates and morphologies and derive from a great diversity of parent materials influenced by different soil temperature and moisture regimes. Furthermore, their development was influenced by several anthropogenic activities over time including land
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Improving soil and water conservation and ecosystem services by sustainable soil management practices: From a global to an Italian soil partnership Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Filiberto Altobelli; Ronald Vargas; Giuseppe Corti; Carmelo Dazzi; Luca Montanarella; Alessandro Monteleone; Lucrezia Caon; Maria Grazia Piazza; Costanza Calzolari; Michele Munafò; Anna Benedetti
The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) identify the need to restore degraded soils in order to improve productivity and the provision of ecosystem services. The aim is to support food production, store and supply clean water, conserve biodiversity, sequester carbon, and improve soil resilience in a context of climate change. Within this framework, in order to achieve the SDGs and to correct land
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Land degradation assessment for sustainable soil management Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Francesca Assennato; Marco Di Leginio; Marco d'Antona; Ines Marinosci; Luca Congedo; Nicola Riitano; Anna Luise; Michele Munafò
Desertification is a complex phenomenon defined as the extreme degree of land degradation induced by human activities and climatic conditions. Climate change is accelerating and widening these areas. Previews analysis and studies assessed the vulnerability to desertification in Italy at national and regional level through a methodological approach based on integrating climate, soil, vegetation, and
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Land set up systems and beyond: Influence of soil management on water and soil conservation sewed up to a variety of pedoclimatic environments and farming systems Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Filiberto Altobelli; Marco Napoli; Anna Benedetti; Ronald Vargas; Giuseppe Corti
According to European Landscape Convention, the term Landscape means an area whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and human factors. The equilibrium between these forces is mandatory to preserve this heritage implementing a good land protection and conservation policy that implies many professional figures like agronomists and soil scientists. Italian territory includes
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Role of land set-up systems on soil (physicochemical) conditions Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Stefania Cocco; Valeria Cardelli; Giuseppe Corti; Dominique Serrani; Rogério Borguete Alves Rafael; Carmelo Dazzi; Giuseppe Lo Papa
Land reclamation and drainage networks represent one of the most ancient human modifications of the Italian soilscape, where tailored land set-up systems were developed in agro- and forestecosystems in three millennia of man’s activity. Most of once manually maintained land settings are currently scarcely working or even disappeared because of the cost needed for their maintenance and the advent of
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Temporary ditches are effective in reducing soil erosion in hilly areas. An evaluation with the RUSLE model Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Rosa Francaviglia; Ulderico Neri
The European Cross-Compliance mechanism set up within the Common Agricultural Policy provides support payments to farmers under the condition that specific Standards for Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAECs) are respected. GAEC standard 5 is specific to limit soil loss by erosion in arable crops and requires to comply with the ‘Realization of temporary ditches’ in sloping lands affected
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Use of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) to control soil erosion and improve soil quality in a marginal degraded area Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Donato Visconti; Nunzio Fiorentino; Eugenio Cozzolino; Ida di Mola; Lucia Ottaiano; Mauro Mori; Vincenzo Cenvinzo; Massimo Fagnano
Soil erosion is one of the biggest environmental problems throughout European Union causing considerable soil losses. Vegetation cover provides an important soil protection against runoff and soil erosion. To this aim, unlike annual crops, perennial plants have the advantage of covering soil for a longer time and reducing soil erodibility thanks to SOM increase due to litter effect and to reduction
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Effect of four pre-planted cover crop species on weed control and population dynamics Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 Mohammad Reza Majidi; Bahram Mirshekari; Batoul Samedani; Farhad Farahvash; Hassan Hajnajari
The present research was conducted to assess the competition of four cover crop species including the Festuca ovina L., Festuca rubra L., Agropyron desertorum (Fischer ex Link) Shultes, and Bromus tomentellus Boiss with the weeds as well as enhancement of their establishment. B. tomentellus with 7.7 and 8.73 t h–1 had the highest dry weight production in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In 2016, the highest
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Morpho-physiological and molecular responses of two Libyan bread wheat cultivars to plant growth regulators under salt stress Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 El Hadi Hadia; Amor Slama; Leila Romdhane; Hatem Cheikh M’hamed; Ahmed Houssein Abodoma; Mohamed Ali Saed Fahej; Leila Radhouane
To study the effects of salt stress and plant growth regulators (kinetin, gibberellic acid, potassium) on growth, yield, glycine betaine content, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose biphosphate carboxylase (RBC) gene expression of two Libyan bread wheat varieties, a factorial design of greenhouse experiment with three replications was conducted. Results revealed that salt stress significantly
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Nitrogen budget in recirculating aquaponic systems with different fish stocking density Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 Carmelo Maucieri; Carlo Nicoletto; Giampaolo Zanin; Marco Birolo; Gerolamo Xiccato; Paolo Sambo; Maurizio Borin
As in any agroecosystem, also in aquaponics the nitrogen (N) balance represents an important tool to evaluate sustainability, and to identify factors that can improve N use efficiency (NUE) and reduce N losses. In this respect, fish stocking density has been little investigated, hence this research aimed to evaluate the N balance of a low technology aquaponic (AP) system managed at two fish densities
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Soil N2O emissions after perennial legume termination in an alfalfa-wheat crop rotation system under Mediterranean conditions Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 Laura Trozzo; Matteo Francioni; Ayaka Wenhong Kishimoto-Mo; Lucia Foresi; Michele Bianchelli; Nora Baldoni; Paride D'Ottavio; Marco Toderi
Agricultural activities are potential sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the most important non-carbon-dioxide GHGs. Perennial legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) have potential roles for reduction of soil GHG emissions as part of crop rotation systems. However, the implications of perennial legume termination by tillage and subsequent soil incorporation
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Effects of different levels of mulch and irrigation on growth traits and essential oil content of basil Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 Fatemeh Nejatzadeh-Barandozi
Ocimum basilicum L. is an herbaceous plant from the Labiate family that used fresh, as a spice, and as a medicinal plant. Mulch is technique capable of reducing evaporation from the surface of the soil in basil production systems; it has more impacts on yield and essential oil quality of a basil crop. This research was performed in order to study the effects of different mulch types and irrigation
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Growth control of herbaceous ground cover and egg quality from an integrated poultry-hazelnut orchard system Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Carlo Cosentino; Pierangelo Freschi; Simonetta Fascetti; Rosanna Paolino; Mauro Musto
The present study was designed to assess the impact of hen grazing on plant biodiversity in the ground cover of hazelnut orchards, as well as the quality of eggs from hens grazing in the orchards. Two different sites of hazelnut orchards located in Basilicata region were selected to conduct this study. The results showed that hen grazing affected the composition of herbaceous stratum of the orchards
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Increased planting speed did not affect silage and grain yield of maize, while saving seed and energy Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Filip Vučajnk; Igor Šantavec; Darja Kocjan Ačko; Jurij Rakun; Jože Verbič; Rajko Bernik; Stanislav Trdan; Matej Vidrih
Optimal planting speed of vacuum maize planters is usually suggested by planter’s manufacturers, while increased planting speed may influence plant spacing and finally yield. Our hypothesis was that by increasing planting speed over the suggested level plant spacing variability will also increase which will result in decrease of silage and grain yield and saving of seed and energy. The field trial
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Overview on Italian hemp production chain, related productive and commercial activities and legislative framework Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-05-29 Luca Giupponi; Valeria Leoni; Matteo Carrer; Giulia Ceciliani; Stefano Sala; Sara Panseri; Radmila Pavlovic; Annamaria Giorgi
Once a very important crop, the cultivation of hemp has seen a significant reduction in Europe for a long time, but it is now subject to direct payments and promotion initiatives. Italy used to be an important producer and exporter of hemp textiles until the Second World War but currently information is lacking regarding the hemp production chain and legislation on the issue is often misunderstood
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Treated wastewater outperformed freshwater for barley irrigation in arid lands Ital. J. Agron. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2020-05-29 Nezar H. Samarah; Khaled Y. Bashabsheh; Naem T. Mazahrih
The high demand of barley for animal feed and the scarcity of fresh water increase the need for the reuse of treated wastewater as an alternative source for irrigation. Therefore, two-field experiments were conducted to study physiological processes, plant growth, grain yield and yield components of four-barley cultivars grown under four-irrigation treatments using treated wastewater or fresh water