Selection and improvement of crops subjected to salinity constitutes an urgent need for increasing agricultural and food production in order to feed the growing human population. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of salicylic acid (SA) application in mitigating the adverse effects of salinity on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) at the physiological and molecular levels. Fort this purpose

The appearance, flavor, and taste are important criteria of fruit quality, which is affected by environmental conditions, orchard management, and postharvest storage. The current study was conducted to investigate the influence of the pre-harvest application of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) on the red-fleshed cv. ‘Fu Kwai Hong’ pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus sp.) fruit during storage at 5 °C. On the flowering

Retardation of plant growth is important in horticultural plant production and is generally achieved through the application of various chemical plant growth regulators (PGRs). Chrysanthemum plants grown in pots (pot-mums), are typically treated with PGRs to produce a compact form; however, these compounds can be hazardous to the environment and human health. In an effort to develop a method to produce

Three Actinidia species fruit have been used to study the dynamic changes of the phenolic composition and concentration during their fruit development with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that there was a clear downward trend of the total phenol contents in fruit of the three Actinidia species, but it was significantly different among them. Total phenol content in

Light conditions are crucial for vegetable quality in terms of sensory properties and nutritional composition. Well planned lighting systems enable effective production and extend production season, even for year around production. Further factors, like climate change, growing urban population (urban plant factories), seasonal employment, developing consumer expectations in security, safety, freshness

Pollen donor plants (pollinizers) availability and arrangement are considered fundamental to provide compatible pollen to main cultivar ensuring fruit production in apple orchards. Apple farmers manage pollination efficiency by setting the amount of pollinizer plants and the arrangement of pollinizer/main cv. tree within the orchard. Nowadays, an intermixed orchard design, consisting in mixing pollinizer

The rates of dehardening and rehardening in response to rapid temperature changes in winter are important traits that affect the survival, growth and productivity of the European pear (Pyrus communis [L.]) cultivars in northern countries. The frost hardiness (FH) of shoots of three pear cultivars were studied by a series of freezing tests, after sampling in natural conditions, after dehardening in

Cut dahlia flowers have a short vase life of 3–7 days, and some cultivars exhibit petal abscission, even inside of cardboard boxes during transport. This petal abscission is induced by ethylene in many cases. In the present study, we investigated the role of ethylene in dahlia flower senescence by comparing the responses to ethylene, ethylene inhibitors, and ethylene production among cultivars. Exogenous

The importance of Selenium (Se) as a beneficial element in plants has been proven under several abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Importantly, Se is mainly incorporated into the human metabolism process as a component of food plants. In this study, we investigated the effects of foliar application of Se to pak choi Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis at different concentration levels (0, 0.5, 2, 20

The phylogenetic relationships for Ipomoea species are incongruent in previous studies. Comparative karyotype analysis can provide valuable information for phylogenetic relationships among species. A reliable and efficient system for chromosome identification is the foundation for karyotype analysis. However, for the Ipomoea species, individual chromosomes were not identified in all previous reported

Airborne methodologies based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are becoming an extraordinary tool for implementing fast, accurate and affordable phenotyping strategies within plant breeding programs. The aim of this paper was to study the potential use of a previously developed UAV-OBIA platform, to fasten and support decision making for olive breeders regarding the selection of the most promising

Apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) are an economically important crop in many temperate growing regions around the world. Apple being characterized by gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) requires cross-pollination with compatible apple pollen during bloom to achieve sufficient fruit set for commercial production. For this reason, in commercial orchards it is common practice to plant pollinizer trees

Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) is a high valued evergreen tree with medicinal importance, but still a minor fruit crop of Pakistan. Information regarding jamun genetic resources of Pakistan is missing. Even, its complete potential is not yet discovered. Therefore, research was designed to explore the genetic variation among jamun accessions collected from different growing regions of Pakistan. Among all

Chlorophyll fluorescence is a non-destructive analysis tool to diagnose the effects of salinity on the photosynthetic apparatus and photochemical yield. The present study aimed to evaluate the photochemical yield of parsley plants, exposed to increasing levels of electrical conductivity of nutrient solutions (1.7; 2.7; 3.7; 4.7; 5.7 and 6.7 dS m−1) formulated in waters with NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 and KCl

‘Honeycrisp’ is a popular apple variety among consumers due to its desirable flavour and characteristic texture. However, this variety is highly prone to pre-harvest fruit drop, bitter pit and decline in quality during long-term storage. This research investigated the effects of hexanal as a formulation (named by us as Enhanced Freshness Formulation -EFF) on fruit retention and post-harvest shelf-life

In perennial plants, the management of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) is crucial to their durability, and studies encompassing an integrative viewpoint on the dynamics, location and form of the reserves are still missing. The carbon and nitrogen components were measured from September to May in peach trees which received two different levels of N fertilisation (control and limited). Significant differences

Recent trends in global warming have restricted the cropping periods in Japan, as ambient temperature during summer often rises above 35 °C and concomitantly, the air temperature inside a greenhouse can reach up to 50 °C. In this study, we investigated a strategy for reducing heat stress for sustainable greenhouse cultivation of spinach. Generally, this species is not cultivated during hot seasons

The objectives of the current study were to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) application rates on yield and quality of citrus fruits, and soil nutrient availability. The experiment was carried out using 8-year-old ‘Navelina’ navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) trees in an acid yellow sandy soil over three consecutive growing years in Zigui County in the

In this study, a comprehensive morphological and biochemical characterization of 14 European Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes that were collected from Gumushane province of Turkey is provided. Additionally, their potentials as cultivar candidate, natural antioxidants, colorants and ingredients were exploited. Yield per bush, fruit weight, number of fruits per raceme and number of racemes

Obligate crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants rely heavily on nocturnal CO2 fixation; however, little is known about how changes in CO2 concentration affect the nutrient requirements of these plants. To evaluate the combined effect of CO2 concentration and nutrient provision on obligate CAM plants, we cultivated Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’ under two CO2 concentrations (400 or 800 μmol· mol−1)

The goal of this research was to evaluate adventitious rooting capacity and root quality on softwood cuttings of 30 peach rootstock selections potentially tolerant to the Peach Tree Short Life syndrome (PTSL) from 2009/2010 selection cycle. Two trials were conducted with 15 clonal peach (Prunus persica) rootstock selections each, and three reference cultivars: ‘Capdeboscq’, ‘Okinawa’ (P. persica) and

Sugar transport is an essential physiological aspect with a crucial role in metabolism, growth and development in most living organisms. A specific class of protein (sugar transporter) is responsible for this sugar transportation task; with SWEET being one of the recently reported. Here, we used the PCR based rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique to isolate a SWEET gene from fruits of a

In this study, different concentrations (0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were used to replace 0.1 mM Fe-EDTA in half-strength MS medium to assess their effect on root growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and mineral absorbability of carnation plantlets cultured in in vitro system (MO) and microponic system (MP). The results showed that MP supplemented with 0.075 mM

The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) of South Texas is one of the most diverse vegetable-producing regions in Texas. Traditionally, tomatoes in the RGV have been grown in open field during the spring and fall, but the production area has declined significantly due to the high pressure of pests and diseases. RGV open-field cultivation during winter is limited to cold-tolerant vegetables such spinach and cabbage

Saffron is obtained from the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus L., an autumnal herbaceous flowering plant belonging to the Iridaceae family. It is largely cultivated in Iran, India, Afghanistan, Greece, Morocco, Spain and Italy. Saffron global production is estimated at 418 t y−1 on 121,338 ha. It is known as the most expensive spice in the world and as beneficial for human health due to three main

Aberrant pollen development gene 2 (APD2) encodes a plant-specific RING-finger ubiquitin-protein, which may play an important role in pollen development or fruit development and ripening. However, the role of ubiquitin-proteins in fruit quality formation is not clear. In this study, we successfully cloned an Arabidopsis APD2 homologous gene (CsAPD2) from the citrus genome. The full-length sequence

Diplodia stem-end rot (SER) caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is often the most important postharvest disease of fresh citrus fruit in warm and humid regions such as Florida. This disease is exacerbated by commercial degreening practices used to improve peel color of early season fruit. Essential oils are aromatic oily liquids obtained from plant organs that have been used to control plant diseases

Epimedium species are shade-tolerant perennials with flowers and leaves that vary in color, making them valuable groundcover plants. We investigated the dormancy of E. koreanum seeds and their requirements for embryo growth and germination. First, the phenology of embryo growth, germination, and seedling emergence under field conditions were observed. Then, the effects of temperature sequences and

Cultivated apple is one of the most widely grown fruit crops worldwide. With the introduction of modern apple cultivars, from foreign and national breeding programs, the use of local cultivars decreased during the 20th century. In order to minimize genetic erosion and avoid loss of special genotypes, a number of local clonal archives were established across Sweden, with the goal of retaining old and

The aim of this study was to evaluate molecular and phytochemical changes in four landraces of Rosa damascena with different in color and floral developmental stages. Data showed the highest amount of anthocyanin content in stage B, while it was reduced at stage C during flower development in all landraces. Interestingly, increasing in cellular pH was occurred gradually in all landraces during flower

The effects of dip and fumigation treatments with two novel ethylene antagonists namely 1H-cyclopropabenzene (BC) and 1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalene (NC) as well as 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), in reducing the ethylene production and respiration rates and maintaining fruit quality of cold-stored ‘Cripps Pink’ apple were investigated. The apple fruit were fumigated with 1 μM BC, 1 μM NC, or 18 μM 1-MCP

Passiflora cincinnata Mast cv. BRS Sertão Forte is a cultivar resultant from the genetic improvement of the species Passiflora cincinnata, popularly known as maracujá-da-Caatinga, which presents higher field yield and pulp productivity compared to the native plant and may represent an alternative to the exotic fruit market, intended for in natura consumption or industrialization. Thus, this study characterized

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) that belongs to the family Moraceae is an important fruit crop in Malaysia. The planting acreage of jackfruit especially cv. Tekam Yellow has increased by 17.08 % from 2014 until 2018. Jackfruit is highly nutritional with rich phytochemical composition where the flesh and seeds are used as a cooling tonic and as a remedy for overcoming the influence of alcohol

The effects of exogenous GA4+7 and BA + CPPU treatments at flowering on fruit traits, lignin, and metabolome were investigated in fruit of Japanese pear “Gold Nijisseiki”. Analysis of fruits in all treatments showed that both total and noncondensed lignin content increased early in fruit development and decreased toward harvest and that the core had higher lignin content than the flesh. The core of

It remains true that through its signaling mechanisms, Ca2+ also has specific, direct effects on plant metabolic activities, which are poorly understood due to the currently trendy pursuit of Ca2+ signaling studies. This paucity triggered us to examine the virtues of calcium nutrition by investigating carbohydrate metabolism using combinations of physiological and microscopy techniques in Ca2+ sufficient

Xylem sap exudes from grapevine branches and ensures survival during the dormant period. However, the extensive analysis on the biological and functional characterization of xylem sap has not yet been carried out. Therefore, to comprehend the critical role and potential usage of the xylem sap, we identified and quantified the panel of active ingredients, such as protein, amino acids, carbohydrates

Penicillium digitatum is a fungal pathogen, mainly responsible for postharvest decay of citrus fruits. Herein, we investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on fungal growth and postharvest physiology of Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Preliminary results revealed that high dose gamma irradiation (> 1 kGy) severely damaged the fruit. Thus, we evaluated the effect of lower doses of gamma

Commercial apples are graded primarily by appearance and many new 'Fuji' apple strains have been planted in commercial orchards because of the enhanced red color of their skin. The fruit of most apple strains selected for skin color do not differ; however, some apple strains may produce fruit with different firmness and soluble solid content (SSC). This study compared the fruit quality and maturity

Hosta species endemic to Korea are currently suffering from infection with Hosta virus X (HVX), and it has been difficult to produce virus-free plants when using infected plants as a source of material for in vitro and vegetative propagation in continuous production processes. Genetic variation in in vitro-regenerated plants has also been detected in some Hosta cultivars. Therefore, we aimed to develop

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a thermophilic species susceptible to cold stress. The potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for the amelioration of cold stress in this species has not been investigated so far. This study was conducted to examine some of the physiological functions through which the AMF colonization may improve cold stress tolerance in this species. Plants were inoculated

Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) can alleviate salt stress in plants. Previous researches have been focused on SA’s role in leaf morphological and physiological characteristics, however, little information is available on its role in both leaf photosynthesis and root system architecture (RSA). A hydroponic study was conducted to analyze biomass, leaf photosynthesis, RSA parameters and expression of RSA

To achieve a high quantity of premium class fruit, chemical thinning is an important component of crop load management in apples. For this purpose, the triazine-type photosynthetic inhibitor metamitron was registered for fruit thinning in Germany. Frequent studies demonstrated consistent thinning effects of metamitron on trees of different apple and pear cultivars. In the present study, the efficacy

A long juvenile period limits the breeding process of fruit trees, such as pears. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the juvenile-adult phase change, two cDNA libraries of juvenile and adult phases from seedlings of hybrid offspring (Pyrus. pyrifolia Nakai cv.Whangkeumbae × P. bretschneideri Rehd. cv. Zaosu) were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. A total of 23,995 genes were

Morphological characteristics of male reproductive organs (catkins, male flowers, anthers, and pollen) were studied in six walnut genotypes. Morphology and ultrastructure of pollen grains were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. Numbers of catkins per shoot and node ranged 2.35–5.61, and 0.29–0.73, respectively. They were higher in protandrous genotypes, compared with protogynous

In indoor farms, electric lighting controls pla growth and quality attributes, but incurs high capital and operating costs. The photon spectrum, photoperiod, and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) can be optimized with other environmental variables to maximize harvestable yield considering production time and lighting costs. Previous studies have determined that increasing the photoperiod or

Genus Prunus is of great importance for cultivation, mainly because its main species provide fruits and seeds, valuable ornamental qualities and timber. However, stone fruit trees and almonds, major cultivars of genus Prunus, are sensitive to salt stress. Such sensitivity causes losses in stone fruit and almond production (ca. 50% of regular yield at high salinity grounds). Having in mind that symbiosis

Asiatic hybrid lily (Lilium spp.) cultivars ‘Centerfold’ and ‘Loreto’ developed an anthocyanin brushmark color pattern on the interior surfaces of flower tepals, which consisted of a set of streaks generated along the main vascular bundles. To clarify the mechanism underlying the brushmark pattern, R2R3-MYB transcription factors that positively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis were screened in the

Yield and quality of grapes are markedly enhanced by cross-pollination although self-pollination ensures some level of berry set. Cross pollination is also employed to breed a new fruitful genotype to sustain the food to feed the increasing world population on the face of climate change. The present investigations were performed to reveal the effects of diploid and tetraploid pollinizers on the agronomy

The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs), as a salinity stress modifier, was investigated on plant growth and antioxidant systems in Dracocephalum moldavica L. The results showed that the salinity causes a decrease in leaf area, length and fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root. However, foliar application of iron oxide NPs in the concentration of 60 ppm increased all aforementioned traits

Anthocyanin synthase (ANS), a key enzyme in anthocyanins synthesis, can convert the colorless leucoanthocyanins into colored anthocyanins. In this study, a potato anthocyanin synthase gene StANS was isolated and characterized. Expression analysis showed that the transcriptional expression of StANS in chromatic genotypes was significantly higher than that in yellow ones. Overexpressing the StANS gene

Thermal treatments are widely used to control bacterial fruit blotch on watermelon seeds contaminated by pathogens. It is necessary for developing effective heat treatments for seed pasteurization, which will not adversely affect their germination properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of moisture content, temperature and heating rate on the germination rate of watermelon

Drought and salinity are the main limiting factors negatively affect plant growth and productivity. Proline is recently reported to play a positive role in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. A two year field experiment was implemented consecutively to assess the potential effect of exogenously applied proline (1 and 2 mM) under different irrigation water regimes (IWR) (120 %, 100 %, 80 % and