Auxetic structures are a special class of structural components that exhibit a negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) because of their constituent materials, internal microstructure, or structural geometry. To realize such structures, specialized manufacturing processes are required to achieve a dimensional accuracy, reduction of material wastage, and a quicker fabrication. Hence, additive manufacturing (AM)

To explore the forming process and mechanism of the surface texture of laser micropits, this paper presents the thermal model of laser machining based on the Neumann boundary conditions and an investigation on the effects of various parameters on the processing. The surface profile and quality of the formed micropits were analyzed using NanoFocus 3D equipment through a design of experiment (DOE). The

Green manufacturing is a growing trend, and an effective layout design method for production lines can reduce resource wastage in processing. This study focuses on existing problems such as low equipment utilization, long standby time, and low logistics efficiency in a mixed-flow parallel production line. To reduce the energy consumption, a novel method considering an independent buffer configuration

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are important materials in high-energy laser systems. However, because these crystals are brittle and soft, machining-induced defects often emerge in KDP components. This study aimed to investigate the material removal mechanisms and characteristics of KDP during nanoscratching using Berkovich, spherical, and conical indenters. We found that KDP surface

55NiCrMoV7 hot-work die steel is mainly used to manufacture heavy forgings in the fields of aerospace and automobile. This study aims to clarify the effects of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the steel, in order to find out an optimal heat treatment scheme to obtain an excellent balance of strength, ductility and toughness. The steel was quenched at temperature

Residual stress during the machining process has always been a research hotspot, especially for aero-engine blades. The three-dimensional modeling and reconstructive laws of residual stress among various processes in the machining process of the fan blade is studied in this paper. The fan blades of Ti-6Al-4V are targeted for milling, polishing, heat treatment, vibratory finishing, and shot peening

This work provides numerical and experimental investigations of blanking process, where the shear-enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model is fully characterized and successfully applied in blanking process to predict the cutting force and cutting edge geometry under different blanking process parameters. Advanced high strength steel DP1000 and an aluminum alloy Al6082-T6 are selected for series of experiments

Wire electrical discharge machining (wire-EDM) is an energy-intensive process, and its success relies on a correct selection of cutting parameters. It is vital to optimize energy consumption, along with productivity and quality. This experimental study optimized three parameters in wire-EDM: pulse-on time, servo voltage, and voltage concerning machining time, electric power, total energy consumption

Dry hobbing has received extensive attention for its environmentally friendly processing pattern. Due to the absence of lubricants, hobbing process is highly dependent on process parameters combination since using unreasonable parameters tends to affect the machining performance. Besides, the consideration of tool life is frequently ignored in gear hobbing. Thus, to settle the above issues, a multi-objective

This study presents a novel method using a disk-like sample to assess the workability of metal during the cross wedge rolling (CWR) process. Using this method, we can quantitatively evaluate the moment destruction which occurs at the center of the sample during CWR. In this study, 45 steel was selected to demonstrate the proposed method. Firstly, we designed a model for the tools and sample, conducted

Conformal cooling coils have been developed during the last decades through the use of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. The main goal of this study was to analyze how the presence of an internal channel that could act as a conformal cooling coil could affect compressive strength and quasi-elastic gradient of AlSi10Mg lattice structures produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Three different

High product quality is one of key demands of customers in the field of manufacturing such as computer numerical control (CNC) machining. Quality monitoring and prediction is of great importance to assure high-quality or zero defect production. In this work, we consider roughness parameter Ra, profile deviation Pt and roundness deviation RONt of the machined products by a lathe. Intrinsically, these

The integration of ultrasonic vibration into sheet forming process can significantly reduce the forming force and bring benefits including the enhancement of surface quality, the enhancement of formability and the reduction of spring-back. However, the influencing mechanisms of the high-frequency vibration on parts properties during the incremental sheet forming (ISF) process are not well known, preventing

Injection moulding has shown its advantages and prevalence in the production of plastic optical components, the performance and functionality of which rely on the precision replication of surface forms and on minimizing residual stress. The present work constitutes a systematic and comprehensive analysis of practical microlens arrays that are designed for light-field applications. Process parameters

Adhesive joints are widely used in precision electromechanical products, and their bonding process has significant effects on the performance of an assembled product. This paper presents a numerical study on the bonding assembly of a sleeve structure of a precision inertial device using a finite element method, where the stresses due to curing and relaxation behaviors are considered. The effects of

Large strain extrusion machining (LSEM) is a typical process for preparing ultrafine or nanocrystalline strips. It is based on large plastic deformation. The processing parameters of LSEM in this study were optimized by experiments and simulations. Using the orthogonal array, signal-to-noise ratio, and analysis of variance, the influence and contribution of processing parameters on response variables

During the actual high-speed machining process, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption and improve the machined surface quality. However, the appropriate prediction models and optimal cutting parameters are difficult to obtain in complex machining environments. Herein, a novel intelligent system is proposed for prediction and optimization. A novel adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (NANFIS)

The machining accuracy of computer numerical control machine tools has always been a focus of the manufacturing industry. Among all errors, thermal error affects the machining accuracy considerably. Because of the significant impact of Industry 4.0 on machine tools, existing thermal error modeling methods have encountered unprecedented challenges in terms of model complexity and capability of dealing

Imaging through a time-varying water surface exhibits severe non-rigid geometric distortions and motion blur. Theoretically, although the water surface possesses smoothness and temporal periodicity, random fluctuations are inevitable in an actual video sequence. Meanwhile, considering the distribution of information, the image structure contributes more to the restoration. In this paper, a new two-stage

Presently, modular designs use various technologies accompanied by multiple models. Although no integral solution is known, a plethora of approaches is used to resolve this trans disciplinary challenge, often by using local intelligence. However, the effective utilization of multiple models requires proper integration for them to work together as a cohesive system. This requirement calls for the development

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) rely on the quality of manufactured products and the process capability. Currently, the dimensional accuracy and stability of any AM process is essential for ensuring that customer specifications are satisfied at the highest standard, and variations are controlled without significantly affecting the functioning of processes

Whirling has been adopted for the cost-effective machining of blade-shape components in addition to traditional end milling and flank milling processes. To satisfy the requirements of rotary forming in the blade whirling process, the workpiece must be clamped at both ends in suspension and rotated slowly during machining, which complicates the dynamics. This study aims to identify the dynamic characteristics

The machining of hard-to-cut materials with a high degree of precision and high surface quality is one of the most critical considerations when fabricating various state-of-the-art engineered components. In this investigation, a comprehensive three-dimensional model was developed and numerically simulated to predict kerf profiles and material removal rates while drilling the aluminum-7075-T6 aerospace

Abstract Owing to their shape memory effect and pseudoelasticity, NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) are widely used as functional materials. Mechanical processes particularly influence the final formation of the product owing to thermal softening and work-hardening effects. Surface integrity is an intermediate bridge between the machining parameter and performance of the product. In this study, experiments

This paper presents an adaptive human-machine interface (HMI) that can provide appropriate sets of digital maintenance information and guidance to an operator during maintenance. It takes into consideration the expertise level of the operator and the maintenance context and progress. The proposed human-centric methodology considers the heart rate, intention, and expertise level of the operator, which

The World Health Organization emphasized the importance of goggles and face shields for protection of medical personnel at the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unsurprisingly, almost all countries suffered from a critical supply shortage of goggles and face shields, as well as many other types of personal protective equipment (PPE), for a long period, owing to the lack of key medical material supplies

To obtain a deep insight into keyhole tungsten inert gas welding, it is necessary to observe the dynamic behavior of the weld pool and keyhole. In this study, based on the steel/glass sandwich and high dynamic range camera, a vision system is developed and the keyhole-weld pool profiles are captured during the real-time welding process. Then, to analyze the dynamic behavior of the weld pool and keyhole

In the original publication the first author name is published incorrectly as “Xin-Lin Wang”.

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is a type of surface strengthening technology that can improve the fatigue properties of materials by improving the surface quality, residual stress, and other aspects. In this study, the influence of ultrasonic impact parameters on the surface integrity of nickel alloy 718 was studied. The micro stress concentration caused by the surface morphology was also explored

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the utilization of Al/SiC particulate composite materials in engineering fields, and the demand for accurate machining of such composite materials has grown accordingly. In this paper, a feed-forward multi-layered artificial neural network (ANN) roughness prediction model, using the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation training algorithm, is

Blasting erosion arc machining (BEAM) is a typical arc discharge machining technology that was developed around 2012 to improve the machinability of difficult-to-cut materials. End milling BEAM has been successfully developed and preliminarily applied in industry. However, owing to the high complexity of the flow field and the difficulty of observing debris in the discharge gap, studies of the flow

Wire breakages and spark absence are two typical machining failures that occur during wire electric discharge machining (wire-EDM), if appropriate parameter settings are not maintained. Even after several attempts to optimize the process, machining failures cannot be eliminated completely. An offline classification model is presented herein to predict machining failures. The aim of the current study

For welding path determination, the use of vision sensors is more effective compared with complex offline programming and teaching in small to medium volume production. However, interference factors such as scratches and stains on the surface of the workpiece may affect the extraction of weld information. In the obtained weld image, the weld seams have two distinct features related to the workpiece

Plasma-assisted etching, in which the irradiation of hydrogen plasma and inorganic acid etching are integrated, is proposed as a novel polishing method for sesquioxide crystals. By means of this approach, low damage and even damage-free surfaces with a high material removal rate can be achieved in lutetium oxide surface finishing. Analysis of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron

Micro-milling is a precision manufacturing process with broad applications across the biomedical, electronics, aerospace, and aeronautical industries owing to its versatility, capability, economy, and efficiency in a wide range of materials. In particular, the micro-milling process is highly suitable for very precise and accurate machining of mold prototypes with high aspect ratios in the microdomain

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are widely used in laser ignition facilities as optical switching and frequency conversion components. These crystals are soft, brittle, and sensitive to external conditions (e.g., humidity, temperature, and applied stress). Hence, conventional characterization methods, such as transmission electron microscopy, cannot be used to study the mechanisms of

In this study, the effect of core bar inserted into weld faying part to obtain an ideal pipe joint with non-generating inner flash via friction welding is described. A steel pipe with inner and outer diameters corresponding to 8.0 mm and 13.5 mm was used, and the weld faying surface was machined to a groove shape of a flat (butt) type. The core bar of various materials was inserted in the weld faying

Marginal-restraint mandrel-free spinning is an advanced technology for manufacturing ellipsoidal heads with large diameter-thickness ratios. The effects of spinning parameters on the forming accuracy of ellipsoidal heads have been studied, and optimized spinning parameters have been obtained. The microstructure evolution of a workpiece is usually very complicated in the spinning process. In this work

Among the transition metal oxide catalysts, manganese oxides have great potential for formaldehyde (HCHO) oxidation at ambient temperature because of their high activity, nontoxicity, low cost, and polybasic morphologies. In this work, a MnO2-based catalyst (M-MnO2) with an interconnected network structure was successfully synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The M-MnO2 catalyst was composed

Back grinding of wafer with outer rim (BGWOR) is a new method for carrier-less thinning of silicon wafers. At present, the effects of process parameters on the grinding force remain debatable. Therefore, a BGWOR normal grinding force model based on grain depth-of-cut was established, and the relationship between grinding parameters (wheel infeed rate, wheel rotational speed, and chuck rotational speed)

With the increased use of agricultural machinery in field operations, soil compaction has become increasingly severe, and the plough pan has become deeper. Subsoiling is an excellent way to address this problem. However, it is limited by high energy consumption, which is closely related to tillage force. To investigate the effect of the geometric shape of shanks and tines on tillage force and soil

This study aims to optimize the uniformity of the temperature field during sintering to improve part performance. A temperature-field monitoring system is established based on an infrared thermal imager and the temperature field data obtained during the sintering of a part can be measured in real time. The relationship among the sintering temperature field, sintering process parameters, and part performance

Among the various types of metal matrix composites, SiC particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (SiCp/Al) are finding increasing applications in many industrial fields such as aerospace, automotive, and electronics. However, SiCp/Al composites are considered as difficult-to-cut materials due to the hard ceramic reinforcement, which causes severe machinability degradation by increasing cutting

The effective estimation of the operational reliability of mechanism is a significant challenge in engineering practices, especially when the variance of uncertain factors becomes large. Addressing this challenge, a novel mechanism reliability method via a two-dimensional extreme distribution is investigated in the paper. The time-variant reliability problem for the mechanism is first transformed to

The high strain rate in metal cutting significantly affects the mechanical properties of the work piece by altering its properties. This study outlines the material strain rates during elliptical vibration cutting. The finite element analysis, Taguchi method, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to analyze the effects and contributions of cutting and vibration process parameters (feed rate

The functionally graded cemented tungsten carbide (FGCC) is a suitable material choice for cutting tool applications due to balanced hardness and fracture toughness. The presence of cobalt and CaF2 composition gradient in FGCC may enhance mechanical as well as antifriction properties. Therefore, structural design of self-lubricating FGCC was proposed using Power law composition gradient model and thermal

With ball-bearing and tribofilm lubrication effects, CuO vegetable oil-based nanofluids have exhibited excellent anti-wear and friction reduction properties. In this study, CuO nanofluids were synthesized by a one-step electro discharge process in distilled water containing polysorbate-20 and vegetable oil as a nanoparticle stabilizer and source of fatty-acid molecules in the base fluid, respectively

A system that combines the advantage of the long-range (LoRa) communication method and the structural characteristics of a mesh network for an LoRa mesh network-based wireless electrical load tracking system is proposed. The system demonstrates considerable potential in reducing data loss due to environmental factors in far-field wireless energy monitoring. The proposed system can automatically control

Following recent insights on structure-cell-function interactions and the critical role of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the latest biofabrication approaches have increasingly focused on designing materials with biomimetic microarchitecture. Divergence electrospinning is a novel fabrication method for three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds. It is introduced to produce 3D nanofiber mats that have

In this study, the complex mechanical behavior of an aluminum/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) half sandwich structure was investigated during the blanking process. Mechanical tests were conducted for the polymer and metal layer and the delamination behavior of the adhesive between the two layers. A new testing device was designed for detecting the delamination under tensile mode. Corresponding finite

In this study, an eco-friendly electrolyte for electropolishing tungsten and the minimum material removal depth on the electropolished tungsten surface are investigated using an electrochemical etching method. Using a concentrated acid electrolyte, the polarization curve and current density transient are observed. For a NaOH electrolyte, the effects of interelectrode gap and electrolyte concentration

Cloud manufacturing is emerging as a new manufacturing paradigm and an integrated technology. To adapt to the increasing challenges of the traditional manufacturing industry transforming toward service-oriented and innovative manufacturing, this paper proposes a product platform architecture based on cloud manufacturing. Firstly, a framework for the product platform for cloud manufacturing was built

In this article, a new trajectory programming system that allows non-expert users to intuitively and efficiently program trajectories for robots is proposed. The system tracks a pen-shaped marker and obtains its position and orientation by processing the point cloud data of the workspace. A graphical user interface, which enables users to save and execute the acquired trajectory immediately after performing

As the next-generation manufacturing system, intelligent manufacturing enables better quality, higher productivity, lower cost, and increased manufacturing flexibility. The concept of sustainability is receiving increasing attention, and sustainable manufacturing is evolving. The digital twin is an emerging technology used in intelligent manufacturing that can grasp the state of intelligent manufacturing

In this study, the machined surface quality of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 (similar to Rene88DT) and the grinding characteristics of brown alumina (BA) and microcrystalline alumina (MA) abrasive wheels were comparatively analyzed during creep feed grinding. The influences of the grinding parameters (abrasive wheel speed, workpiece infeed speed, and depth of cut) on the grinding

Composite materials are widely employed in various industries, such as aerospace, automobile, and sports equipment, owing to their lightweight and strong structure in comparison with conventional materials. Laser material processing is a rapid technique for performing the various processes on composite materials. In particular, laser forming is a flexible and reliable approach for shaping fiber-metal

Machine chatter is still an unresolved and challenging issue in the milling process, and developing an online chatter identification and process monitoring system towards smart manufacturing is an urgent requirement. In this paper, two indicators of chatter detection are investigated. One is the real-time variance of milling force signals in the time domain, and the other one is the wavelet energy

The DD6 nickel-based superalloy exhibits remarkably high temperature properties; therefore, it is employed as a crucial structural material in the aviation industry. Nevertheless, this material is difficult to process. Ultrasonic-assisted drilling (UAD) combines the characteristics of vibration processing technology and conventional drilling technology, significantly improving the machinability of

Numerical simulation is an effective approach in studying cutting mechanism. The widely used methods for cutting simulation include finite element analysis and molecular dynamics. However, there exist some intrinsic shortcomings when using a mesh-based formulation, and the capable scale of molecular dynamics is extremely small. In contrast, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a candidate to combine

In orthopedic surgery, the bone milling force has attracted attention owing to its significant influence on bone cracks and the breaking of tools. It is necessary to build a milling force model to improve the process of bone milling. This paper proposes a cortical bone milling force model based on the orthogonal cutting distribution method (OCDM), explaining the effect of anisotropic bone materials