Abstract During the process of metal directed energy deposition (DED), changes in temperature directly influence the melting and cooling processes, which determine the microstructure and thus hardness of the final part. Therefore, there is a certain correlation between the temperature field during the DED process and the material hardness, making it possible to predict the hardness distribution of

Abstract We present a novel method of realizing instant hydrophobic and long-lasting superhydrophilic states on stainless steel (SS) surfaces by micropatterning and thermally-induced surface layers (TISL). Heat treatment of SS surfaces in the air for 6 h yields hydrophobic TISLs at 140 °C and hydrophilic TISLs at 300 °C. The result of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the correlation of chromium

Abstract Lower extremity exoskeleton is a kind of wearable robot and is used both in medical and industrial applications for different purposes. In the medical field it is used as a piece of therapeutic equipment and in the industry especially in defense, to carry heavy loads. This paper deals with the analysis of the performance of super twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC) on tracking the motion

Abstract The combination of additive manufacturing and incremental sheet forming offers great flexibility in the manufacture of function-integrated parts. In this study, both processes were carried out by the same CNC machine. This offers the possibility to manufacture large-scale lightweight parts with smaller additive parts on it in one machine and clamping device. Additionally, the process combination

Abstract Machine tools, as the extensively used basic equipment of manufacturing industry, are characterized by intensive and inefficient energy consumption. With the launch and implementation of ISO 14955-1, energy efficiency has become an important criterion for machine tool evaluation. However, most ongoing research on energy efficiency evaluation of machine tools emphasizes on workpiece material

Abstract A wide range of software and hardware components are present in today’s production systems and plants using a variety of interfaces and data formats for information exchange on different levels of the system. To increase the traceability, the lifecycle management and providing a single point of source of component-specific data, the Digital Twin technology is proposed, linking different data

Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop a two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method using the meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method for both the structure and the fluid to accurately predict the nonlinear behavior of a worm soft robot. Previous research on soft robots has been mainly performed by finite element analysis (FEA). However, the nonlinear behavior of a soft robot

Abstract The present work focuses on a new approach to hot form hard-to-work materials by Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) technology using a global heating of the sheet. A set of trials was carried out in order to identify the optimum temperature cycles to minimize geometric distortions associated to each process stage on the fabrication of parts made of Ti–6Al–4V. On the one hand, heating

Abstract Although Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys (NiTi SMAs) are used in a variety of applications due to their shape memory and superelasticity properties, their features of high ductility, temperature sensitivity, and strong work hardening render these materials difficult to machine. The viability of a new approach in improving the machinability through temperature control using chilled air

Abstract In this study, a peak shaving algorithm known as a control method to reduce peak mechanical loads in multi-megawatt wind turbines was designed and implemented to a medium capacity 100 kW wind turbine to solve overspeeding shutdown problem due to low moment of inertia of the rotor. The algorithm consists of a look-up table having an input of measured rotor speed and an output of blade pitch

Abstract High cutting temperature will lead to a short tool life and a poor machining quality during titanium alloy machining. High efficiency cooling methods are always required to reduce the cutting temperature. In this paper, heat transfer experimental platform was set up and one-dimension heat transfer model was established to get critical heat flux (CHF) used to evaluate the cooling capacity of

Abstract In the paper, a novel controller is proposed to reach better control performance for manipulator system with unknown dynamics. We notice the initial weights of neural network may have influence to control performance in neural network controller. A casual selection of the initial weights may cause poorer production quality and result in consumption of more energy. A natural way is to give

Abstract We report a simple method for fabricating micro-nanoscale structures consisting of irregular microscale plateaus with a self-assembled network of zinc oxide nanopetals on an aluminum alloy substrate. The method involves a combination of chemical etching with a hydrothermal process, followed by Polydimethylsiloxane coating via a simple vapor deposition method. Following the coating, surface

Abstract To improve lubricating effect and reduce cutting fluid, a new lubricating method was proposed and a new cutting tool was fabricated. A micro-channel connected tool rake face with hydraulic pressure system was fabricated to continuously supply cutting fluid to tool-chip interface. Cutting tests on cast iron were carried out with the new cutting tool and conventional tools. Results show that

Abstract The current study evidentially brings out an interesting finding that the chemically inert microcrystalline diamond (MCD) coating having sp3 hybridized C–C network could produce no better result than an uncoated carbide tool in machining aluminium when the latter was provided with the assistance of small quantity lubrication (SQL) technology in an intermittent machining operation like end

Abstract A continuous roll-to-roll manufacturing process is a next-generation process for the environmentally friendly and low-cost mass production of functional printed devices. Unlike paper product printing, a thin plastic web used as a base film in printed electronic devices is exceptionally vulnerable to elastic and thermal deformations owing to its viscoelastic characteristic, which makes the

Abstract Energy consumption and machining accuracy are considered to be two important attributes of performance indicators for green operations of wire electric discharge machining (WEDM). However, there is a paucity of studies that focus on the energy consumption and geometric error caused by thermal deformation. In this paper, a hybrid technique of WEDM with assisted magnetic field (MF) is proposed

Abstract Cycle time reduction is one way to increase the energy efficiency of the injection molding production process. For injection molding, conformal cooling channels can be considered as a potential solution for obtaining a uniform temperature distribution in the mold, which results in a shorter cooling time and better quality of the molded part. However, the design and manufacture of optimal cooling

Abstract Novel green electrodes were fabricated through the combination of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and copper precursors. Electrodes were produced by a hybrid manufacturing process that included vacuum filtration, intensive pulsed light (IPL) sintering, mechanical hot pressing and heat treatment to reduce the number of junctions and flatten the components into a parallel

Abstract Diffusion of oxide ions along heterostructured yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) epitaxially grown on single crystalline MgO (001) is investigated. Pulsed laser deposition is used for the epitaxial growth and focused ion beam was applied to open the lateral surface of the YSZ-MgO interface layers and to enable incorporation and diffusion of oxygen. The sample is annealed in 18O2 environment

Abstract An exhaustive study of the influence of ceramic glass material composition on the environmental impact has been performed. In order to perform a more accurate calculation of the environmental impact a life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented using real material composition of ceramic glasses. Employing a sequential X-rays Fluorescence spectrometer, the composition of several ceramic glasses

Abstract In this study, an anisotropic constitutive model based on the non-associated flow rule was developed for anisotropic sheet metals. This model was defined in the quadratic form of the Hill’s anisotropic function under a general three-dimensional stress condition. The anisotropic parameters for the yield function were identified using the directional planar yield stresses, bulge yield stress

Abstract We investigate the effect of Zn addition on an Al–air battery at the anode. The tested Al–air battery consists of a 6 mol% potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, a fiberglass separator, and a Pt/C + IrO2 cathode. The Zn-added Al(Al60Zn40)–air battery shows a higher power density of 48 mW/cm2, while a pure Al–air battery exhibits a power density of 38 mW/cm2. Approximately, 30 charge/discharge

Abstract Cold forming is a process which is largely employed in industry. Thisprocess may have impacts on mechanical properties and surface integrity. This paper presents a study on Surface Integrity (SI) within the context of cold extruded billets with two different materials, steel and aluminium alloys. Different lubricant oils were used in this study, and heat treatment was employed after cold processing

Abstract Numerous efforts have been made to assess and model the power consumption of machining process, which has led to many standards for energy labeling of machine tools. However, more investigation is required to improve the applicability of these standards because the energy patterns of machines vary widely with respect to the machine type, size, and configuration. Hence, it is aimed to develop

Abstract Superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely applied to solve environmental issues using their many functions such as drag reduction, oil–water separation and self-cleaning. It is well known that superhydrophobicity of materials can be enhanced by imparting micro/nano hierarchical patterns on its surface. Although several techniques, such as MEMS, coating, and laser ablation, have been suggested

Abstract Performance of thin film solid oxide fuel cells (TF-SOFCs) were improved by inserting plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) of yttira-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) interlayers. By controlling the ratio between Y2O3 and ZrO2 in YSZ deposition supercycles, Y2O3 mol.% in YSZ films were changed. High Y2O3 contained PEALD YSZ interlayered cell showed higher maximum power density (123.6 mW/cm2