In this paper, a nonpolynomial spline technique is used for developing a new algorithm for solving systems of second-order boundary value problems. Convergence analysis of the algorithm has been carried out which shows that the algorithm is second- as well as fourth-order convergent. In addition to that, four numerical problems including linear, nonlinear and singularly perturbed systems are given

This paper proposes an improvised algorithm named modified crossover opposition-based genetic algorithm (MCOBGA) for community detection with the help of genetic algorithm (GA) to discover community structure in social networks. The paper deploys modified crossover and opposition-based initialization along with GA to improve the quality of the community structures. Initialization of the population

Free space optical communication (FSO) system has remarkably gained importance of late due to the various advantages associated with it. However, before deployment of FSO communication system, an understanding of the laser beam scintillation due to the atmospheric as well as other weather-induced losses need to be understood. This paper mainly focuses on simulative performance analysis of an FSO system

In this article, we show that under certain condition the generalized Leontief model is solvable by iterative descent method based on infeasible interior point algorithm. We prove the convergence of the method from strictly positive starting point. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm.

This paper extends the concept of generalized equivalence relation on type-2 fuzzy set and presents a comprehensive study of type-2 fuzzy G-equivalence relation. Notions like partition of a type-2 fuzzy G-equivalence relation, type-2 fuzzy balance mappings in the type-2 fuzzy set theory are introduced and related theorems are discussed.

This study applies positive matrix factorization (PMF) to 140 groundwater samples collected from four different Public Health Centers in North Brahmaputra basin, Assam, India. The aim of this technique is to identify and quantify the pollution sources (natural and anthropogenic) that affect the water quality. Multivariate statistical analysis, especially factor analysis, is successful in interpreting

In this paper, an attempt has been made to minimize the negative impact of random non-response in the estimation of population mean on current occasion in two-occasion successive sampling. A general class of estimators has been proposed, and their properties are studied under the assumptions that the number of sampling unit on which information may not be obtained follows a discrete probability distribution

This paper describes some proficient estimation procedures in the presence of multi-auxiliary variables to enhance the precision of estimates in two-occasion rotation sampling. Utilizing information on several auxiliary variables, which are considered to be a positive correlation with the study variables on both occasions, we have suggested some better estimation procedures. The behaviors of the proposed

We examine the outcome of popular artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for estimating the shear strength parameters of c − φ soil. A matrix of one hundred twelve datasets collected using in situ and laboratory tests to train and test the ANN and ANFIS models. Standard penetration test number of blows value along with the soil properties taken as input vectors

Transmuted distributions are skewed family of distributions and used to model and analyze reliability data. In this article, Bayesian estimation of the two-component mixture of transmuted Fréchet distribution assuming type-I right censored sampling scheme is discussed. In order to estimate the unknown parameters, we consider non-informative and informative priors under squared error loss function,

In this paper, we study the convergence of fractional difference sequences based on generalized difference operators of Baliarsingh. We establish some relations among the proposed difference operators and apply them to study the geometry of fractional derivatives of certain functions.

In this paper, we study the hyper-generalized quasi-Einstein (HGQE) warped product spaces with non-positive scalar curvature. This note deals with investigating of some geometric and physical properties of \((HGQE)_{n}\) manifolds. Next, we study the general relativistic viscous fluid \((HGQE)_{4}\) spacetimes with some physical applications. Lastly, we show the existence of \((HGQE)_{4}\) spacetimes

Arrays of Co nanowires of diameter ~ 200 nm have been prepared by electrodeposition into nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide templates. X-ray diffraction confirms that these nanowires consist of mostly hexagonal close-packed (hcp) or face-centered cubic (fcc) grains or a mixture of both. Scanning electron microscope confirms that these nanowires are continuous and parallel to each other. The effect

In this paper, we consider the integral form of Jain and Pethe operators associated with the Baskakov operators and study some basic properties. We estimate the rate of convergence, Voronovskaja-type asymptotic estimate formula and weighted approximation of these operators.

In many particulate industries, one of the major unit operations used is fluidized bed drying process. In industries, which process large amount of solids, continuous dryers play significant role. The multistage fluidized bed dryer is adapted in research to improve the drying efficiency of final product. The moisture content is an important controlled variable in any drying process. In the present

Testing of equality of populations is one of the fundamental problems in Science. In this paper, we propose a new class of nonparametric tests for testing of location parameters of the distribution of populations against restricted alternatives. The asymptotic distribution of the proposed test statistics is derived. In order to attain maximum efficiency of the proposed tests, a general optimal choice

In this paper, the ratio estimators are suggested which perform better than other ratio estimators in the presence of outliers using redescending M-estimator. For this purpose, we adopt the ratio estimators proposed by Kadilar and Cingi (Appl Math Comput 151:893–902, 2004) using robust regression. The proposed ratio estimators are based on redescending M-estimator proposed by Noor-ul-Amin et al. (J

Modification of surface of natural fibers by high-energy gamma irradiation (6 MV) is a competent process for enhancing the adhesion between fiber and matrix. Composites reinforced with natural fiber have gained a prominent place in the field of research and innovation due to the advantages such as low cost, lightweight and environment friendly. We have studied the thermal properties of biodegradable

Electrodeposition method was used for synthesis of CdO thin films. In the experiments, 0.02 M CdCl2 and 0.02 M Cd(NO3)2were used as to be an electrolyte in various volumes. As concentration of Cd(NO3)2increased, film thicknesses and crystallite sizes decreased. Remarkable results were observed in the optical properties of the CdO thin films. As the volume of used Cd(NO3)2increased, the band gap also

In this paper, a modified extreme ranked set sampling (MERSS) scheme is presented. The ratio estimator under the modified scheme is discussed, and expression of mean square error is derived. The performance of the ratio estimator under MERSS is compared with simple random sampling (SRS), ranked set sampling (RSS), median ranked set sampling (MRSS), quartile ranked set sampling (QRSS) and extreme ranked

In this paper, we study the concepts of Wijsman lacunary \({\mathcal{I}}\)-invariant convergence \(\left( {{\mathcal{I}}_{\sigma \theta }^{W} } \right),\) Wijsman lacunary \({\mathcal{I}}^{ *}\)-invariant convergence \(\left( {{\mathcal{I}}_{\sigma \theta }^{ *W} } \right),\) Wijsman \(p\)-strongly lacunary invariant convergence \(\left( {[WN_{\sigma \theta } ]_{p} } \right)\) of sequences of sets

A multilayer perceptron–artificial neural network (MLP-ANN)-based prediction model is proposed to predict the execution time of tasks in cloud environment. Significant input parameters are identified and selected through interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach. A prediction model is proposed for predicting the task execution time for varying number of inputs. The proposed model is validated

Nanopowders of Eu2Ce2O7 were synthesized via solid-state reactions between Eu2O3 and (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Eu/Ce molar ratio at 800 °C (S1), 900 °C (S2), 1000 °C (S3) for 8 h and 1000 °C for 10 h (S4). The synthesized materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique. Structural analyses were performed by FullProf program employing profile matching

In the present paper, we study the magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow dealing with heat and mass transfer of a micropolar nanofluid influenced with heat generation and viscous dissipation. Nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained by applying suitable similarity transformation on the governing partial differential equations. These differential equations have been solved by successive

In the present paper, we study the regression-cum-exponential estimators for estimating ratio of two population means under two different situations. The bias and mean square errors (MSE) are obtained up to the first order of approximation and the conditions for attaining the minimum mean square error of suggested estimators are derived. Theoretical comparisons of suggested estimators with relevant

The present paper deals with the problem of estimating the product of two population means using the information of auxiliary character under double sampling the non-respondents. Two different cases are considered for suggesting the estimators to estimate the product of two population means. The bias and mean square errors are obtained up to the first order of approximation, and the conditions for

In this article, a new version of extended F-expansion method is suggested. A multiple Jacobi elliptic functions are presented in the solution function. We achieve analytical solutions of the (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave (DLW) equation and (2 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation using the new version of extended F-expansion method. Then, the single and the combined non-degenerative

We have considered the posterior estimation of two-component mixture of Weibull distribution under type-I right censoring. As the resultant Bayes estimators and posterior risks are not in close form, we have proposed Lindley’s approximation and importance sampling for the approximate solutions. The performance of the approximation methods and estimators under study has been compared using simulated

In this work, a new computational approach is proposed to solve the linear Fredholm integro-differential-difference equations with variable coefficients under the mixed conditions. This method yields the solution of the governing equation with the form of a linear combination of a special kind of basis functions. Those unknown coefficients of the solution of the given problem are determined by solving

This investigation is concerned with the availability prediction of a non-Markovian model for the multi-component complex repairable manufacturing system. The system is prone to multiple types of failures, either due to an individual or common cause failure. The system can also fail catastrophically which may occur due to the incorrect start of the system or due to some errors by an untrained and inexperienced

In this work, we present two approaches for simulation of fourth-order parabolic partial differential equations. In the first method, cubic B-spline quasi-interpolation is used to approximate the spatial derivative of the dependent variable and forward difference to approximate the time derivative. In the second method, we have used modified cubic B-spline functions-based differential quadrature method

In the present study, MASW tests have been performed at thirteen locations of Varanasi city to measure shear wave (SW) velocity. Varanasi city (Uttar Pradesh, India) is under high seismic risk as it is situated in Indo-Gangetic plain, which falls under seismically active Himalayan belt. Measured SW velocity from MASW test was used to estimate \(V_{\text{s}}^{30}\) for site classification (IBC 2009)

In this paper, we prove the existence of solution of the self-similar equations representing the swirling flow of an electrically conducting viscous fluid near an infinite rough rotating disk. The fluid is subjected to an external uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the disk. Numerical solutions of the resulting system of nonlinear equations are also obtained over the entire range

In this paper, we study the generalized Kropina change of generalized m-th root metrics. We find the conditions under which the generalized Kropina change of generalized m-th root metrics to be locally projectively flat and locally dually flat. Further, we find the conditions under which such transformed metric of constant flag curvature reduces to a flat Finsler metric.

In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the wear characteristics of aluminium (Al) 6063 alloy reinforced with Al2O3/SiC/Al2O3 + SiC particles of double particle size (DPS) and triple particle size (TPS). The hybrid Al-metal matrix composites (MMC’s) were prepared by using a synergistic combination of fused deposition modeling and V-process assisted stir casting and wear performance was

In this paper, we develop a class of methods based on exponential spline at off-step points for the solution of the nonlinear and linear fourth-order boundary value problems (BVPs). Spline relations and boundary equations are developed, and the methods of order two, four and six have been obtained. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed. Numerical examples for linear and nonlinear BVPs are

The first general Zagreb index \(M^{\alpha }_{1}(G)\) of a graph G is equal to the sum of the \(\alpha \)th powers of the vertex degrees of G. For \(\alpha \ge 0\) and \(k \ge 1\), we obtain the lower and upper bounds for \(M^{\alpha }_{1}(G)\) and \(M^{\alpha }_{1}(L(G))\) in terms of order, size, minimum/maximum vertex degrees and minimal non-pendant vertex degree using some classical inequalities

Another proof of a supercongruence conjecture of Sun has been given in this paper, using tools of Gaussian hypergeometric series and the p-adic \(\Gamma\)-function together with a combinatorial identity.

In this paper, we present an efficient quartile paired double ranked set sampling (QPDRSS) scheme to estimate the population mean. QPDRSS provides an unbiased improved population mean estimator when the distribution is symmetric and bears negligible biasness for non-symmetric distribution. The performance of the proposed mean estimator is compared to its competitors in simple random sampling, double

A large number of the path key establishment schemes regard same probability of the node capture attack for each node in the wireless sensor networks. However, in certain critical applications this statement may not be right making such schemes less practical for many real-world applications like border surveillance and disaster management. In this paper, an attack matrix (AM) is designed to calculate

The cubic intuitionistic implicative ideals in BCK-algebras and the relationship between a cubic intuitionistic subalgebra, a cubic intuitionistic ideal and a cubic intuitionistic implicative ideal are discussed. Conditions for a cubic intuitionistic ideal to be a cubic intuitionistic implicative ideal are provided. Characterizations of a cubic intuitionistic implicative ideal are considered. The cubic

The thermal and mass boundary layer flow of a time-dependent isochoric viscous fluid over an oscillating cylinder entrenched in a porous medium is investigated numerically. The governing problem contains a set of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations with significant initial and boundary conditions and are solved using an implicit finite difference scheme, namely Crank–Nicholson method.

In this paper, we have considered all the possible continuous subgroups of the Lie group \(SL(2;{\mathbb {R}})\) (upto conjugacy) from dimension zero to three. For each of the classification, we have defined group action on the same line as Kisil. Möbius transformation has been taken as the corresponding action. This action is defined on the homogeneous spaces of various dimensions generated by the

This study is concerned with construction of the generalized multivariate exponential estimator for estimating a population mean vector in the two-phase sampling using multi-auxiliary variables when population information for some auxiliary variables is not available. The optimum conditions which provide the matrix of minimum variance–covariance are obtained for the suggested estimator. Further, a

Metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) have significant role on producing the electronic devices. The producers try to make the chips in smaller size so they need materials with high dielectric constant. Here, in this research, Al/Sn/La2O3 will introduce as a material with higher dielectric constant and less defections. In this research, Al/Sn/La2O3 nanostructure was prepared

In this paper, we have developed an efficient channel assignment scheme using fractional guard channel for utilizing the limited radio recourses efficiently and seamlessly by providing buffer for good-quality signal calls to improve the quality of service. Two models are proposed to prioritize good-quality handoff calls over poor-quality calls. The expressions for blocking probability, call dropped

The effects of prevailing weather on short-term dynamics of certain water quality variables in low-flow conditions were studied in the Ganga river stretch at Allahabad, India. Mean temperature and light intensity showed general diel pattern with significant (p < 0.001) higher values in the afternoon, while significant high rate of change (p < 0.001) was observed in evening wind speed. Total dissolved

In this paper, we have proposed a line segmentation algorithm for Devanagari ancient documents by dividing the document image into vertical stripes and followed by piecewise horizontal projection profiles. Average line height is computed, and based on this height, under-segmentation or over-segmentation of lines is detected for ancient manuscripts recognition. For experimental work of line segmentation

English-alphabet-shaped micro-strip antennas are reviewed in terms of antenna parameters and their applications. H-shaped patch antenna is designed with gap-coupled technique and a survey of previously designed H-shaped patch antenna are presented. The impedance bandwidths of the proposed H-shaped antenna at lower resonant frequency are 4.0% (HFSS), 4.2% (AWR) and 3.7% (experimental) and at upper resonant

In the present work, a comparative efficiency of photo-Fenton (PF) treatment process and its combined process with activated carbon (AC) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) have been investigated using reactive yellow 145 as a model compound. These processes are based on in situ production of hydroxyl radical, a highly strong oxidant, which allows the degradation of organic dye until their mineralization into

In this work, a systematic approach is presented for the development of dynamic equations of motion of a robot manipulator with mechanical flexibility. A simple structural lightweight rotating manipulator with joint elastic flexibility is considered for the mechanical flexibility study. The complexity of mathematical equations involved in mechanical flexibility is analyzed. The analytical approach

The paper explores solvation behavior of nicotinium, pyridinium, quinolinium dichromates at 288–318 K in acetone, water and varying compositions of water–acetone (v/v). Analysis of conductance data to obtain λ0 is on the lines of Kraus–Bray and Shedlovsky models. λ0, the limiting molar conductance, increased with increase in the proportion of water in the solvent mixture. This is used in the understanding

In this paper, a new fourth-order iterative scheme for finding the zeros of systems of nonlinear equations has been built and analyzed. Theoretical proof has been given to confirm the convergence order of the new method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by the comparison of traditional as well as flops-like efficiency index with recent existing same order schemes. Numerical examples

In this paper, we consider piezoelectric membrane shells of very small thickness subjected only to mechanical forces and we show that functions which minimize the energy associated with the three-dimensional models converge to the function which minimizes the energy of the two-dimensional model of membrane shells.

Composite thin films of polyaniline (PAN)/ZnO are synthesized via electropolymerization (ECP) process in acidic medium on ITO (working electrode) with platinum mesh as a counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode. Acidic medium helps in polymerization and enhances the crystallinity of PAN. PAN films that are obtained in the presence of sulfuric acid give partial crystallinity in its high

Visual animal biometrics is an emerging research field of computer vision, pattern recognition, and cognitive science. Recently, cattle recognition has played a significant role in understanding, controlling and the outbreak of critical diseases, vaccination, production management, traceability, and ownership assignment of a livestock animal. The traditional animal recognition methodologies, such as

The water present in the subsurface is considered as a high treasured water source. The present study deals with the delineation of groundwater potential zone in Tirunelveli Taluk, Tamil Nadu, South India. The study area lies between longitude 77°32′16″ to 77°48′8″E and latitude 8°40′12″ to 8°56′34″N with an area of 558.42 km2. The groundwater potential zone of the Tirunelveli Taluk was inferred by

In this paper, making use of Bailey’s transform and certain summations of basic hypergeometric series, we have established interesting transformation formulae involving basic hypergeometric series.

In this paper, we present a two-stage detection scheme using fuzzy logic for spectrum sensing. The first stage consists of the dynamic double-threshold energy detector, whereas the second stage uses of a fuzzy logic system. Fuzzy logic detector utilizes estimated energy and estimated eigenvalue of the signal and gives a decision in confused state. The novelty of the proposed spectrum sensing technique

By utilizing two new operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA)-based generic configurations, we have discussed ten second-order inverse band reject filter circuits and 12 inverse all pass filter circuits. The usability of the inverse filter configurations has been established by SPICE simulations and also by hardware experimentation. In these experiments, integrated circuit from analogue devices