Internet of Things (IoT) is widely accepted technology in both industrial as well as academic field. The objective of IoT is to combine the physical environment with the cyber world and create one big intelligent network. This technology has been applied to various application domains such as developing smart home, smart cities, healthcare applications, wireless sensor networks, cloud environment,

Computer vision has been gaining interest in a wide range of research areas in recent years, from medical to industrial robotics. The architecture, engineering and construction and facility management sector ranks as one of the most intensive fields where vision-based systems/methods are used to facilitate decision making processes during the construction phase. Construction sites make efficient monitoring

Non-linear analysis of soil structure interaction problem is still an active field of research due to development of useful interface element between the soil–soil and soil–structure. In this paper a focused review on coupled finite element modeling of soil structure interaction (SSI) system with soil non-linearity and interface element modeling is discussed. The non-linearity in soil is reviewed with

As the finite element method requires many nodes or elements to obtain accurate results, the adaptive finite element method has been developed to obtain better results with fewer nodes, where error information is used to refine the initial mesh adaptively. In contrast to this, we propose in this paper two new methods to directly derive accurate results by artificial neural networks using information

In recent decades, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in the field of materials modeling has received significant attention owing to their excellent ability to analyze a vast amount of data and reveal correlations between several complex interrelated phenomena. In this review paper, we summarize recent advances in the applications of AI techniques for numerical modeling of different

In continuous formations, the rock properties and the state of in situ stresses control the propagation direction of an induced hydraulic fracture (HF) and its geometry. The present study succinctly reviews more than a hundred scientific papers that have deeply explored hydraulic fracture propagation from the rock mechanical perspective and summarizes the current state of knowledge on the propagation

Soft computing (SC), due to its high abilities to solve the complex problems with uncertainty and multiple parameters, has been widely investigated and used, especially in structural engineering. They have successfully estimated the capacity of structural reinforced concrete (RC) members and determined the properties of concrete. There are so many articles in literature that applied SC methods for

Firefly Algorithm (FA) is one of the popular algorithm of Swarm Intelligence domain that can be used in most of the areas of optimization. FA and its variants are simple to implement and easily understood. These can be used to successfully solve the problems of different areas. Modification in original FA or hybrid FA algorithms are required to solve diverse range of engineering problems. In this paper

The huge fossil fuel consumption has created an unprecedented situation and, with the accompanying rise in car numbers, pollution levels have been well beyond human control. This is alarming enough to note that the level of pollution has surpassed all levels and the need for the hour is to find an alternative fuel that can really be of great help in reducing exhaust emissions and that efficiency. Experiments

The standard treatment for the cancer is the radiotherapy where the organs nearby the target volumes get affected during treatment called the Organs-at-risk. Segmentation of Organs-at-risk is crucial but important for the proper planning of radiotherapy treatment. Manual segmentation is time consuming and tedious in regular practices and results may vary from experts to experts. The automatic segmentation

In this contribution we provide benchmark problems in the field of computational solid mechanics. In detail, we address classical fields as elasticity, incompressibility, material interfaces, thin structures and plasticity at finite deformations. For this we describe explicit setups of the benchmarks and introduce the numerical schemes. For the computations the various participating groups use different

Each day, companies and organizations are facing new challenges. The customer requirements are increasing and global competition is leading to important changes in the industrial world. Against this background, the fourth industrial revolution aims to deal with these challenges. Besides the lack of comparable studies covering the new concepts in logistics, this study intends to study, and clarify diverse

Software refactoring is a commonly accepted means of improving the software quality without affecting its observable behaviour. It has gained significant attention from both academia and software industry. Therefore, numerous approaches have been proposed to automate refactoring that consider software quality maximization as their prime objective. However, this objective is not enough to generate good

Visibility enhancement of images captured during hazy weather conditions is highly essential for various important applications like intelligent vehicles, surveillance, remote sensing, etc. In recent years, researchers proposed numerous image-dehazing methods mostly focusing on daytime images’ characteristics. In this work, we have highlighted the dissimilarities among the characteristics of daytime

Miniaturization of the energy systems and high powered electronic devices necessitates the high capacity compact heat exchangers to dissipate the heat generated. Microchannel heatsinks (MCHS) are modern heat exchangers with the fluid flowing channels of size in microscale. These are very compact heat exchangers with higher ratios of heat transfer area to the volume. Huge research work has been going

Mining 4.0 has risen from the need of the extractive industry to answer the technical challenges that rapidly shift at the mining sites. Currently, many models can be developed to address this issue however, the way in which the digitalisation of information occurs is not entirely clear. Therefore, this scoping review aims to address the main digitalisation tools and processes used in the open-pit

One of the biggest challenges associated with modelling the behaviour of reinforced concrete is the difficulty of incorporating realistic material models that can represent the observable behaviour of the physical system. Experiments for relevant loading rates and pressures reveal that steel and concrete exhibits a complicated nonlinear behavior that is difficult to capture in a single constitutive

The study focuses on characterizing the thermo-mechanical properties of SiCf/SiC using micromechanics finite element method (FEM) and multi-scale thermal–mechanical coupling asymptotic homogenization methods. A multi-scale model of fiber, fiber bundle and 2D woven SiCf/SiC has been established, while the predicted properties of the model are verified with the relevant experiments. The detailed steps

A general acceleration model and a Hessian matrix of the kinematic limbs in the parallel manipulators are established using new skew-symmetric matrixes. First, several extended formulas of the skew-symmetric matrixes are derived and proved. Second, the differentiations of the sub-Jacobian matrixes of the general kinematic limbs are transformed into the multiplication of the general velocity transposition

Isogeometric shape optimization has been now studied for over a decade. This contribution aims at compiling the key ingredients within this promising framework, with a particular attention to sensitivity analysis. Based on all the researches related to isogeometric shape optimization, we present a global overview of the process which has emerged. The principal feature is the use of two refinement levels

Localization has become an important area of research with the development of wireless communication technologies. Of particular prominence within this area is Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), which plays an important role in many applications such as vehicle tracking, accident prevention, and efficient transportation. GPS technology, which can easily be integrated into vehicles has been instrumental

Intelligence technologies play an important role in increasing product quality and production efficiency in digital aquaculture. Automatic fish detection will contribute to achieving intelligent production and scientific management in precision farming. Due to the availability and ubiquity of modern information technology, such as the internet of things, big data, and camera devices, computer vision

Membrane finite elements have gained increasing importance since the early years of the finite elements method due to their convenience to a wide range of plane and 3D shell problems. Many research works have been focussing on membrane elements with drilling rotation. These elements are plane stress finite elements with a rotational in-plane degree of freedom. The main motivation for introducing the

In recent years there exists a wide variety of cyber attacks with the drastic development of the internet technology. Detection of these attacks is of more significant in today’s cyber world scenario. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods have been preferred by researchers across different disciplines for providing solutions to their problems. In this paper we have presented a detailed

Nowadays, it has become a necessity for operational and reliable operation of networks due to our increased dependency over the network services. However, intruders are continuously attempting to break into the networks and disturbing the network services using a variety of attack vectors and technologies. This motivates us to develop the techniques that ensure operational and reliable network, even

In this contribution, a review study is established in order to gather, classify and organize all of the previous researches on the sound insulation characteristics of plate structures with span a period from 1967 to nowadays. Accordingly, more than 200 articles in the area of acoustic performance of these structures are rolled up and reviewed. To achieve this end, in the first step, all of the existence

Data acquisition and data processing are at the core of pavement management systems. Nowadays, traditional methods of data collection are rarely used in developed countries due to the considerable disadvantages of the traditional methods compared to the automated ones, such as the slow pace of data collection, endangering the safety of the human operators collecting the data, considerable cost, collecting

Due to the absence of adequate control at different stages of complex manufacturing process, material and geometric properties of composite structures are often uncertain. For a secure and safe design, tracking the impact of these uncertainties on the structural responses is of utmost significance. Composite materials, commonly adopted in various modern aerospace, marine, automobile and civil structures

Solving applied problem of economic optimization is considered as a real test for the optimization algorithms. The present work explores the qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of nine recently developed optimization algorithms for the economic optimization of the heat exchangers. Passing vehicle search, Salp swarm algorithm, Artificial flora optimization, Grey wolf optimizer, Electro-search

Level set is one of active contour models, which is good at handling complex topologies and capturing boundary. The level set methods are specially used in image with intensity inhomogeneity, such as medical image, SAR image, etc. There are many methods based on level set, which are classified into region-based and edge-based. This article firstly derives the function of curve evolution and original

Gearboxes have a significant role in the operation of rotating machinery. Several techniques exist for the diagnosis of fault in gearboxes. This work presents the techniques for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the gearboxes based on Acoustic Emission (AE). The review describes the application of AE to detect the various types of fault in the gearboxes for different types of gear, the

Metamodels aim to approximate characteristics of functions or systems from the knowledge extracted on only a finite number of samples. In recent years kriging has emerged as a widely applied metamodeling technique for resource-intensive computational experiments. However its prediction quality is highly dependent on the size and distribution of the given training points. Hence, in order to build proficient

The present work outlines an original numerical modelization approach for Moving Load (ML) beam problems, by a dedicated object-oriented C++ parallel computing FEM implementation, with the purposes of performing efficient numerical analyses resolving the complete dynamic response of beams under the effect of a high-velocity ML. Alongside, main framing state-of-the-art reviews are attempted, on the

Recently, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, there are growing researchers drawing their attention on the field of computer game. In two-player zero-sum extensive games with imperfect information, counterfactual regret (CFR) method is one of the most popular method to solve Nash equilibrium strategy. Therefore, we have carried on a wide range of research and analysis

This paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of optimization by evolutionary computation methods of shell and tubes heat exchangers (STHE) of single segmental baffles. It is seen that the heat transfer coefficient to the shell side is calculated by the Kern method or by the Bell Delaware method, and that the pressure drop to the shell side is calculated by the Kern method or by the Bell

Flow stress during hot deformation is essentially controlled by the chemistry of material, initial microstructure/texture, strain, strain rate, strain path, stress triaxility and the temperature of deformation. A comprehensive literature survey has been performed to realize this fact completely. In the present research, a neural network model under Bayesian framework has been created to correlate the

Digital pathology represents a major evolution in modern medicine. Pathological examinations constitute the standard in medical protocols and the law, and call for specific action in the diagnostic process. Advances in digital pathology have made it possible for image analysis to take advantage of the information analysis from hematoxylin and eosin stained images. In spite of concern, it is recorded

Although there is a premise that electric trains are zero-emission, their source of energy (fossil fuel power plants) pollutes the air in a place far from the consuming area (traction power supply substation). On the other hand, the price of generating electricity from fossil fuel resources has risen in the aftermath of their ever-decreasing sources. These two economic-environmental factors have caused

The particle finite element method (PFEM) is a powerful and robust numerical tool for the simulation of multi-physics problems in evolving domains. The PFEM exploits the Lagrangian framework to automatically identify and follow interfaces between different materials (e.g. fluid–fluid, fluid–solid or free surfaces). The method solves the governing equations with the standard finite element method and

Ultrasound imaging modality is used prominently for breast cancer screening and diagnosis because of its safety, portability, ease of use and low cost. Over the years, computer-assisted algorithms have been used to aid the radiologists for interpreting the ultrasound images. The presence of speckle adversely affects the ultrasound image quality because of which accurate segmentation of tumors has become

Simulation is becoming increasingly important in the development, testing and approval process in many areas of engineering, ranging from finite element models to highly complex cyber-physical systems such as autonomous cars. Simulation must be accompanied by model verification, validation and uncertainty quantification (VV&UQ) activities to assess the inherent errors and uncertainties of each simulation

Routine inspection and automatic distress detection and classification are critical for civil infrastructures such as bridges. The main subject of this paper is to provide brief review a multi-agent fuzzy system (MAFs) based on image analysis for the detection and classification of, various types of cracking in concrete elements. For this purpose, the combination of fuzzy inference systems has been

Covid-19 is one of the biggest health challenges that the world has ever faced. Public health policy makers need the reliable prediction of the confirmed cases in future to plan medical facilities. Machine learning methods learn from the historical data and make predictions about the events. Machine learning methods have been used to predict the number of confirmed cases of Covid-19. In this paper

Applications of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) have become of great interest in recent years owing to their superior ability to detect damage and deficiencies in civil engineering structures. With the advent of the Internet of Things, big data and the colossal and complex backlog of aging civil infrastructure assets, such applications will increase very rapidly

Paper and paperboard are widely used in packaging products. The material behavior of paper and paperboard is very complex because different scales need to be considered in order to describe all relevant effects and phenomena. In particular, at least three scales can be distinguished: the fiber scale, network scale, and sheet scale. Since it is extremely challenging to measure the material behavior

In the domain of wireless communication systems, Error Control Coding (ECC) schemes are one of the widely relied upon or responsible methodology for securing the integrity and authenticity of the data transmission process. In the last decade, due to the advent of modern communication standards and their wide range of services, there has been a resurgence of interest and support in the research community

Reinforced concrete structures and structural members used in strategic infrastructures such as highway bridges, high-rise buildings, etc. are inherently subjected to lateral impact loads arising from the collision of vehicles, vessels, falling rocks, and rigid objects having different impact geometries, weights, and velocities. Due to the brittle nature of concrete materials, both localized and overall

The study is dedicated to the problem of uncertainty in the analysis of accident situations in road traffic. The term “uncertainty” is generally known when used with reference to measurement techniques, but its application to the analyses of accident situations in road traffic, including accident reconstruction, is a relatively new field of knowledge. The objectives of this work include the presentation

When solving CFD problems, the solver, or the numerical code, plays an important role. Depending on the phenomena and problem domain, designing such numerical codes can be hard work. One strategy is to start with simple problems and construct the code as building blocks. The purpose of this work is to provide a detailed review of the theory to compute analytical and exact solutions, and recent numerical

The Photovoltaic (PV) panels used to convert electrical energy from the Sun have conversion efficiency only up to 18%. One of the ways to increase their conversion efficiency is accurate method of extracting maximum power from PV panel by spotting the Maximum Power Point (MPP). As the solar radiation is not constant always, the available maximum power also varies throughout the day and hence Maximum

The last decades have seen considerable effort invested in a digital transition in the construction industry. While the building information modeling (BIM) approach plays an important role in such a transition, more and more technological approaches are emerging and grouped together under the concept of Construction 4.0. However, the contours of Construction 4.0 as a scientific domain are far from

The construction industry has traditionally been characterised by the high diversity of its agents and processes, high resistance to change and low incorporation of technology compared to manufacturing industries. However, the construction sector is experiencing now a strong renovation process in methodology and tools due to the incorporation of the Building Information Modelling, Lean Construction

Stock market trading has been a subject of interest to investors, academicians, and researchers. Analysis of the inherent non-linear characteristics of stock market data is a challenging task. A large number of learning algorithms are developed to study market behaviours and enhance the prediction accuracy; they have been optimized using swarm and evolutionary computation such as particle swarm optimization

With the advancement in computer language technology in a multilingual country like India, numerous linguistics require technology for translation. It aids in research for ancient languages like Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam to be available for society. Devising these languages require natural language processing, and machine translation is one of its essential areas. It plays a significant role

One of the most powerful tools in image processing solving complex problems is computational intelligence. There are several image classification methods but is uncertain which methods are most helpful for analyzing and classify images like ophthalmic. Particularly in the area of cataract, as a leading cause of blindness around the globe, only a few comprehensive reviews have summarized the ongoing

Fault detection prior to their occurrence or complete shut-down in induction motor is essential for the industries. The fault detection based on condition monitoring techniques and application of machine learning have tremendous potential. The power of machine learning can be harnessed and optimally used for fault detection. The faults especially in induction motor needs to be addressed at a proper

Fracture micro mechanisms of ductile porous solids are substantially researched worldwide since last 60 years through different experiments, theories, thermodynamics and computer models. It is still attracting immense interests to the scientists/engineers as evidenced by a slew of many interesting and innovative techniques, different perceptions and philosophies to elucidate ductile fracture micro

Double-curvature dams are unique structures for several reasons. Their behaviour changes significantly after joint grouting, when they turn from a set of independent cantilevers into a monolithic structure with arch effect. The construction process has a relevant influence on the stress state, due to the way in which self-weight loads are transmitted, and to the effect on the dissipation of the hydration

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Images are acquired and stored digitally these days. Image forensics is a science which is concerned with revealing the underlying facts about an image. The universal approaches provide a general strategy to perform image forensics irrespective of the type of manipulation. Identification of acquisition device is one of the significant universal approach. This review paper aims at analyzing the different