Industries tend to manufacture higher quality products with a low cost due to the competitive environmental loop and dynamic customers’ demand. The integration of intelligent manufacturing planning to agricultural operations and products will permit a spike in efficiency of yield, especially in the regions of agriculturally based economies. Though, to gain a vivid exploitation, the old-fashioned agriculture

The full-fledged development and the practical use of autonomous vehicles (AVs) would be a great technological achievement and would substantially reduce the enormous damages caused by driving accidents to life and property. Technology based companies such as Google and Audi are getting closer to realizing the dream of seeing fully AVs on the road. A vehicle’s severely nonlinear dynamics due to the

Nowadays, the interest in electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing in parallel with falling prices of batteries, developing battery technology and willing to reduce carbon emissions. However, the most important problem of EVs is still range anxiety. The one pedal driving (OPD), which uses only accelerator pedal to accelerate and decelerate the vehicle, is an alternative solution to further increase the

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder all over the world. There are resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rarely dystonia, all of which are motor symptoms, among the manifestations of PD. But the direct use of these motor symptoms for diagnosis can be misleading since PD can be confused with other Parkinsonisms and further disorders with a similar symptom. Therefore

Various viral epidemics have been detected such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the last two decades. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by a novel betacoronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). After the rapid spread of COVID-19, many researchers have investigated

In this work, the adaptive regulation of blood glucose (BG) in type I diabetic (T1D) patients is considered by developing a Multiple Model Adaptive Control (MMAC), where its estimation is based on Magdelaine's long-term glucose-insulin Model. The (MMAC) is built using a bank of Kalman- Bucy Filters (KBFs)with optimal state feedback controllers. Each KBF is based on a particular value of the equilibrium

The hydraulic system is the backbone of industrial, construction, and agricultural machines. Its high-power density and efficiency execution make it the preferred choice for high-energy applications. This manuscript presents the evidence against the statement, Whenever the system runs to its full capacity, hydraulic oil heats up more as compared to partial loads.“ Our experimental study on Injection

Good domain-modeling enables an appropriate separation of concerns that improves quality properties in the simulation models, such as modifiability and maintainability. In this paper, the interplay of abstraction and concreteness in advancing the theory and practice of Modelling and Simulation is improved using the Model-Driven Engineering levels for building simulation models devoted to routing processes

Identification of stakeholder needs and documentation of software requirements are the critical steps to launch a software project. Natural language requirements serve as an agreement among the project stakeholders and they must be transformed into easy-to-understand conceptual models to avoid communication problems. Although conceptual models are mostly created manually with human involvement from

The Brushless DC motor when operated with120° conduction mode with quasi square wave current in phase with trapezoid back emf leads to finite torque ripple in the commutation region with only two phases conducting at any time. To overcome this, the BLDC motor phases can be supplied with sinusoidal currents which reduce the voltage required to deal with the phase inductance instead of quasi square currents

Software engineering, a fairly recent engineering discipline, is still evolving without a wide consensus on a body of fundamental principles as in traditional engineering fields with their own long-established principles originating from physics, chemistry and mathematics. This paper reports on a systematic mapping study (SMS) that identified 30 papers and books from 1969 to January 2020, each proposing

In this study, electrospray cooling characteristics for smooth surface heat sink and finned surface heat sink were investigated. An experimental study was carried out using ethanol for 7 different heat fluxes in the cone-jet mode, in which a stable and continuous droplet diameter is produced. In the experiments, 7 kV voltage, 20 mm nozzle-to-substrate distance, a stainless steel nozzle with 0.61 mm

Numerous issues are yet to be discovered about the small tandem rotor aerodynamics in the vicinity of ground. In this paper, a multipurpose test rig has been used to test outwash patterns of a sub-scale model of a generic tandem rotor helicopter in ground effect using two total-static rakes at different positions ahead and aft of the rotor(s). The results showed that in tandem rotor, the change in

Temperature heterogeneity in the refrigerated cold room promotes food degradation and losses and governs by the airflow field. Achieving the temperature homogeneity of fruits at various locations in the cold room is challenging due to the effect of operating and design variables. This study presents the experimental investigation of airflow field, temperature characteristics (fruits and air), convective

This paper presents a hybrid fuzzy controller structure to improve ride comfort-road holding trade-off characteristics of a full vehicle active suspension system. The controller includes two interval type-2 fuzzy logic controllers, optimized for ride comfort and road holding, for each tire. Type C random road profiles according to ISO 8608 are applied to each tire in the model and ride index, road

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a candidate to overcome problems traditionally encountered when conventional fusion welding methods are applied to join low weldability metals. Moreover, FSW shows greater performance than conventional fusion welding in joining materials with dissimilar welding characteristics. However, since FSW is still a relatively new technique, more research is needed to improve

The paper considers missing data management task in smart systems. The main strategies of missing data management in handling missing data are analyzed. A prediction method for probable recovery of partially missing or completely lost data based on the improvement of an ensemble of two GRNNs by the additional use of extended-input SGTM neural-like structure is proposed. The latter is used to increase

The present study focuses on the energy performance, entropy generation, and irreversibility of the use of nanofluid in an industrial Peugeot automobile radiator (size: 250 × 301 × 60.4 mm, channel number: 34 and hydraulic diameter: 1.923 mm) with a louvered fin type. 50:50 EG – water which is widely used in existing automobile radiators and a new generation of EG – water – Al2O3 (0.5%) nanofluid have

This study introduces a new technique for sparse signal reconstruction. In general, there are two classes of algorithms in the recovery of sparse signals: greedy approaches and l1-minimization methods. The proposed method employs swarm intelligence based techniques for sparse signal reconstruction. With this technique, the proposed method tries to find nonzero entries of a sparse signal. In addition

Rockburst is a phenomenon where the elastic deformation may be emitted suddenly because of rock fragmentation, ejection, launching, and even earthquake. This may result in casualties, failure or deformation of the support structure, and damage to field equipment. Therefore, early warning of rockburst is significant. In this paper, a dynamic early warning model of rockburst using microseismic multi-parameters

In this paper, we report a simple and inexpensive procedure to make a composite material of cellulose fibers with embedded zinc micoparticles. This fibrous material is produced by sedimentation and is referred to as “Zinculose”. Zinculose increases the surface contact area between a sample fluid and zinc microparticles. The effect of different parameters including fiber content, zinc content, water

In this work, Silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced Cobalt (Co) coatings were produced using tungsten inert gas (TIG) coating technique on AISI 304 stainless steel substrates. The effects of various heat inputs on microstructure, wear resistance, coefficient of friction (COF), and microhardness, of composite coatings were systematically investigated. Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the composite

Stepper motors are used in robotic applications, industrial machines, and many different application areas. Mechanical resonance problems occur in the control of stepper motors at low speeds. In the control of robotic systems with nonlinear characteristics, conventional control methods are inadequate. Single link manipulators are the most basic structure used in the identification and control of the

Water injection is one of the promising strategies for modern downsized GDI engines to meet performance and emission requirements under wide operating conditions. However, the benefits of water injection strongly depend upon water evaporation and distribution of water vapours inside the combustion chamber. In this regard, water injector location and orientation are two significant geometrical parameters

The analysis of laterally loaded pile is complex due to its site specific behaviour. Whereas most of the analytical methods provides only a generalized solution to it. Behaviour of piles in clay depends on site specific factors like subsoil condition, type of super-structure and the load transfer from it, construction duration and ground improvement process. The present study deals with the assessment

The importance of the distribution network is not overlooked by anyone. The transformer is one of the key equipment in this network. Therefore, great care and attention are needed in its design, maintenance and operation. Most of the oil-immersed distribution transformers are operated under solar radiation conditions. However, increasing the oil temperature due to solar radiation is not considered

Due to varying structure, random load demands, nonlinearities, parameters ambiguity, steadily escalating size and intricacy of the interconnected power system (IPS), automatic generation control (AGC) is treated as one of the biggest crucial issues in IPS. Hence, expert, intelligent and robust control scheme is indispensable for stable operation of IPS and supply of electricity under sudden load demand

The train wheel is one of the elements most exposed to static and dynamic loads during the transport. For this reason, it is of great importance for the safety of rail transportation that the wheel-axle assembly is carried out securely through the shrink-fit method. The surface roughness of the inner diameter of the wheel must be within 0.8–3.2 μm in order to provide the optimum shrink-fit. In this

Recent scientific studies have noted that the seminal quality of males is significantly decreasing due to lifestyle and environmental factors. Clinical diagnosis of sperm quality is one important aspect of identifying the potential of semen for the occurrence of pregnancy. Due to the advances in machine learning algorithms, especially the reliable and high classification accuracy of neural network

Sulphate-induced heaving in soils is a common problem caused mostly by the use of calcium-based binders in the stabilisation of sulphate-bearing soils. Sulphate-induced heaving is attributed to precipitation and growth of ettringite minerals in a high alkaline environment. A sustainable means of reducing sulphate-induced heaving by the addition of an additive called “RoadCem” (RC) to soils stabilised

In this paper, the effect of mobility and active layer thickness on the properties of bulk heterojunction solar cells have been investigated using the drift-diffusion model. It was observed that open circuit voltage and power conversion efficiency are affected by two loss mechanisms. The recombination of charge carriers in wrong contacts destroys photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and the bulk recombination

Next generation wireless systems are supposed to handle high amount of data with broader coverage and high quality of service (QoS). When a signal travels from a source to destination, the signal quality may suffer from the fading, which makes it difficult to receive correct messages. To handle the impact of fading, various diversity techniques are performed with Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

This paper proposes Henry gas solubility optimization with opposition-based learning (OBL/HGO) as a novel optimization approach for DC motor speed regulation. The proposed approach was used to obtain the best parameters (proportional, integral, derivative) of PID controller by minimizing the integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) as the objective function. The optimized controller was used

The design of a production line directly affects the system performance which is usually measured by its throughput. The problem involving determination of the optimal capacity and location of the buffers in a production line is known as the buffer allocation problem (BAP). Due to the difficulties such as the NP-hard structure of the problem and not being able to be defined the throughput of the line

In human-populated environments, robot navigation requires more than mere obstacle avoidance for safe and comfortable human-robot interaction. Socially aware navigation approaches become vital for deploying mobile service robots in human interactive environments, where the robot operates in interaction with human implicitly or explicitly. These approaches aim to generate human-friendly paths in human-robot

Micro milling is a common process for micro structuring component surfaces, e.g. for manufacturing material measures that are applied for the calibration of areal surface topography measuring instruments. In this study, the surface topography of material measures is investigated using various evaluation approaches (integral approach, correlation analysis, Fourier analysis). In doing so, confocal microscope

In this paper, Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based methods are employed on line to monitor the deviation in electrical quantities of the power system integrated with distributed generation. HHT employs an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method i.e. decomposition of the signal into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) in such a way that they are sorted from the highest

In this study, an improved version of artificial electric field (AEF) algorithm, named as opposition-based AEF (ObAEF), has been proposed for the first time ever to tune a fractional order PID (FOPID) controller used in a magnetic ball suspension system. The basic AEF algorithm is a novel physics-inspired, population-based meta-heuristic optimization method that mathematically mimics Coulomb’s electrostatic

In this study, we analyzed the optimal location and sizing of distributed generators (DGs) in radial distributed networks using a hybrid master-slave metaheuristic technique. The master stage corresponds to the selection of suitable points for the locations of the DGs, whereas the slave stage is the optimal dimensioning problem. The Chu-Beasley genetic algorithm (CBGA) is employed to solve the master

Segmentation of blood vessels becomes an initial critical step in medical imaging because it is a key item for the diagnosis of many diseases in different fields including ophthalmology, neurosurgery, oncology, cardiology and laryngology. An automated tool for vessel segmentation can assist clinicians and contribute to patient treatment scheduling. However, it is still a challenging problem due to