The endless problem of energy supplies are always floating on the surface. As a result, there are a daily improvement to optimize power generators, networks and system configuration. Renewable distributed generators (RDG) are in the heart of these developments. The size of RDG is increasing daily so, it must be optimized to maximize benefits and eliminate drawbacks. Optimization algorithms are one

The central space in Madrasa buildings in Islamic eras, which is represented by the Sahn, is the space used and known in design during that time period. It was used in different buildings of Masjids (Mosques), houses, Wekkalla and many others. However, in the Mamluks era, some of these Sahns were covered. These spaces were called a “Durqa'a”. Although the open Sahn into the sky (courtyard) had been

Cloud computing is on-demand Internet-based computing, which is a highly scalable service adopted by different working and non-working classes of people around the globe. Task scheduling one of the critical applications used by end-users and cloud service providers. The significant challenging in the task scheduler is to find an optimal resource for the given input task. In this paper, we proposed

This paper provides an application of the hybrid Grey Wolf Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization (GWO-PSO) method to reach a solution to the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem in the scope of electric power networks. PSO is a swarm based meta-heuristic optimization algorithm whose target is to seek the best solution to a problem by moving particles in a specific exploration field

This article presents a numerical Concrete Damage- Plastic (CDP) model for investigating the complex behavior of the RC slab-column connection under monotonic loading. The proposed numerical model is verified versus both the experimental data from the literature and various international design codes of practices, as well. The basic CDP model parameters (i.e. concrete dilation angle, the shape of the

Double-Tee junctions serve as building blocks of pipe network systems and fluid mixing occurring in them is complex due to excessive eddying of flow. In this paper a LES model with pure advection was used on a double-Tee junction turbulent mixing phenomena problem. This kind of approach does not require the turbulent Schmidt number which is problem specific and needs to be calibrated with experimental

Over the last decade, several advancements have happened in distributed and parallel computing. A lot of data is generated daily from various sources, and this speedy data proliferation led to the development of many more frameworks that are efficient to handle such huge data e.g. - Microsoft Dryad, Apache Hadoop, etc. Apache Hadoop is an open-source application of Google MapReduce and is getting a

In the present study, the optimization of hyperthermia treatment via Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) direct injection using heuristic algorithms is conducted. The particles mass transfer in addition to the dual phase lag (DPL) bioheat equation are solved using implicit finite different scheme to capture the temperature variations due to sever heat generation at early stages. To examine the capability

In this paper, we proceed on to develop the classical Natural transform to fractional order in the sense of conformable derivative and set the basic concepts in this new interesting fractional transform version. The conformable fractional Natural transform of certain functions, properties and relationships are derived and discussed. Furthermore, we present the general analytical solution of a generalized

A computational framework is carried out to investigate the drive, and thermal transport of the thin-film flow of unstable magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Oldroyd-B ferrofluid suspend with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles in water. The governing PDEs of the flow are transmuted as ODEs by applicable similarity conversions and resolved using R-K and Newton’s approaches. We examined the variations in

The study aims to understand the strength improvement and microstructural behavior of ultra-fine fly ash particles through synthesis and characterization techniques by analyzing the fly ash mortar and masonry prism. The process of grinding alters the particle size and specific surface area but not shown any variation in chemical composition are concluded from the microstructural analysis. The multiphase

Liquid-liquid flow in the pipeline transportation system can consume large energy due to high frictional drop which can be decreased by adding some chemical additives. The effect of these additives is different from type to type and most of them used only for single phase flow. This work focuses on reducing the pump energy requirements of two-phase flow (oil–water) by using three types of additives

This paper presents a hybrid metaheuristic method for optimal tuning of four different types of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. The method is based on the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm which is merged with the simulated annealing algorithm. Additionally, novel objective functions for the optimization of the controller’s

Predicting the rate of penetration (ROP) plays a key role in the success of the drilling operation. It is not an easy task to predict the ROP with high accuracy as it depends on several factors such as; drilling parameters, drilling fluid properties, and drilled formation characteristics. The objective of this paper is to develop a new empirical equation for predicting the ROP in real-time using different

This paper presents a case study on the implementation of the construction and demolition waste management practices in the Malaysian construction sector. The scope was limited to the housing and high-rise buildings. Characterization of reuse and recycling potential was done using descriptive statistics. It is estimated that the waste generated by the housing sector is approximately 16% of the gross

This paper presents the volumetric and Marshall Stability characteristics of irradiated waste polyethylene terephthalate fiber-reinforced asphalt mix utilizing the analysis of variance. Exposing polymers to gamma radiation boosts its mechanical and thermal properties which have a direct impact on improving its strength. The influences of irradiated fiber and binder contents on the volumetric and strength

Value of the lost load (VOLL) is a useful quantity in economical evaluations of power systems. The VOLL depends on multiple factors such as type of customer, regional economic conditions and demographics, time and duration of outage, and other specific traits of power interruption. The reviewed literatures show that there are still issues which could be considered in estimation of the VOLL, especially

This paper provides an understanding of the quality of urban form by studying the spatial properties of street networks concerning human density in Baghdad, Iraq. By adopting the Multiple Centrality Assessment (MCA) as an analytical approach, the study examines 12 streets at two different urban patterns formed in Rusafa District. Among many key measures of MCA, betweenness centrality (CB), which is

The utilization of physical models is a teaching strategy that has been compared to teaching based on sketching in design studios. This paper aims to determine the effectiveness of using physical models as a key instrument in first-year architecture design studios and as an alternative in cases of graphic sketching and 3D visualization deficiency. The paper adopts descriptive and analytical approaches

Aluminium alloys are widely used in the fields of electric module packaging, electronic technology, automotive body structure, wind and solar energy management, due to the advantages of high specific strength, high processability, predominantly anti-erosion, increased conductivity, eco-friendly nature and recoverability. The objective of the study is to review the previous papers on aluminium usages

This paper presents a new method based on coyote algorithm (COA) which is inspired from the social life of coyotes for the problem of simultaneous network reconfiguration and distributed generation (DG) placement to reduce real power loss. The effectiveness of the proposed COA method has been evaluated on two distribution systems consisting of 69-node and 119-node systems at two scenarios consisting

This paper provides an experimental investigation to study the effect of using different types of reinforcement on the flexural behavior of ferrocement thin hollow core slabs with embedded PVC pipes. Twelve slabs of 1100 × 400 × 55 mm dimensions were casted and tested till failure. The effect of four different types of reinforcement was investigated in this study including; steel wire mesh, macro and

Increasing attention was given to building information modeling (BIM) and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) globally due to their advantages for various stages of the life cycle of a building. The aim of this paper is to improve practitioners' understanding of the process for BIM and MCDM adoption towards sustainable construction through energy efficiency. A questionnaire survey is being conducted

The X¯ control chart is usually used in statistical quality control (SQC) to observe the change in procedure mean. In this paper, X¯ control chart for Inverse Rayleigh Distribution (IRD) is designed under repetitive group sampling at lower record values. The width of the X¯ control limits and power is established by using the mean and standard deviation of the Inverse Rayleigh Distribution based upon

Thermal performance of building envelope is acquired a great deal of global interest. Recently, algorithms are used in architecture for generating inspired shapes from nature which could effect on thermal performance. The research investigates an architectural design Methodology based on a “Modeling-Simulation-Optimization” framework to control the thermal performance of the building envelope. The

Flight network optimization, one of the airspace planning challenges, effectively manages airspace resources toward increasing airspace capacity and reducing air traffic congestion. In this paper, the structure of the air transport network is analyzed with a multi-objective genetic algorithm to reduce the number of airways and to aggregate the passengers and also to reduce route changes and the travel

There are various Lean tools available to increase the value of construction projects, this paper mainly talks about the Visual Management tools that help in improving the efficiency and value of the construction project. The methodology adopted for the study is to collect the data using structured survey on the usefulness and importance of 12 lean tool and techniques identified from the literature

With the advancement in technology, there is an immense increase in the demand of electrical energy that has not only become challenge for its production but also its distribution. So this rising demand is growing the complexities of power grids by increasing requirement for greater reliability, efficiency, security and environmental and energy sustainability concerns. These feature in a power grid

The present framework intends to present a comprehensive study that relates the innovative idea of porous media followed by modified Darcy’s law. Nanofluid flow has been investigated with Ree-Eyring as base fluid model. The contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle stems the peristaltic waves that induce the flow along the curved channel. The flow kinetics further involve variable viscosity, magnetohydrodynamics

The rightward representation of the Barakat-Clark ADE scheme is extended for the solution of the Multi-dimensional Transport equation. The first-order derivative of the Transport equation is represented by a one-sided multi-level finite-difference. The resulting scheme is an explicit marching type iterative solution. The visibility of using this method for the solution of the Multi-dimensional Transport

In recent years, due to increase in load demand, distribution networks have got substantial attention to get optimized. It is significant to optimally place the distributed generators (DGs) in distribution networks to minimize power losses and voltage drops. However, the DGs incur certain investment and operational costs, and their placement is only viable if these costs overcome energy losses. Therefore

The intention of the paper is to find the outcome of thermal radiation of a second grade fluid over a Riga plate with Cattaneo-Christov (CC) double flux and double stratification’s. The governing mathematical models are changed into an ordinary differential equations (ODE) using suitable transformations. These resultant models are analytically solved with homotopy analysis method. The impact of pertinent

Shunt capacitor banks (SCBs) are used in distribution systems for loss reduction, voltage stability improvement for the system nodes, and system capacity release. However, the size of these capacitors and their placement locations are design factors that have been considered as single or multi-objectives to derive maximum benefits from their installation. To find the optimal location and size of the

Designing a high-quality switch block ensures the efficient data transmission in digital circuits and systems. In this paper, an innovative 2:1 multiplexer is successfully designed based on the previously proposed side-contacted field-effect diodes (S-FEDs) at 180 nm SOI technology node. Optimization of the reservoir thickness and gate work function of the S-FED satisfy high ION/IOFF ratio and noise-immunity

This study intended to investigate the hydraulic performance of the new types of LOPAC gates, namely the elliptical LOPAC (EL) gate, and the rectangular LOPAC (RL) gate for irrigation canals. To that end, 90 experiments were carried out at three different flow discharges (25, 35, and 45 l/s), three different submergence ratios (y2/y1 = 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) and five different gate opening angles (35,

The study of the laminar, boundary layer, MHD (CuO–Al2O3) hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer driven by mixed convection adjacent to a vertical porous plate in the existence of magnetic induction is accounted for. Nonlinear thermal radiations are modeled in order to examine their impacts on energy transport. The influences of conduction-radiation along with magnetic Prandtl number are examined

After Nile water, Groundwater is the major water resources in Dayrout, Upper Egypt. So, checking groundwater quality is of a high priority for insuring health. In this study, water quality index (WQI), its correlation with the water quality parameters, and Gibbs and Piper diagrams were used to analyze groundwater suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Groundwater levels fluctuation with

Economic load dispatch problems are most important in operation and management of the electric power systems which are formulated as optimization problems. Modern deterministic and stochastic optimization techniques are efficient in solving economic load dispatch problems without any limitation because of their capability to seek the global optimal solution. Economic load dispatch problems involve

Over the last 50 years, urban design process has been critiqued in terms of its definitions, principles stakeholders, process and relationship with other disciplines. It has been common that urban design projects turn out different in implementation from what was intended. Likewise, the relationship between urban planning and urban design is often misread and addressed as vague in nature. While urban

Clean water is an inevitable necessity in human life apart from food and shelter. Surface and underground water are the major sources of clean water. However, with the rapid growth in population and increasing industrial development in Malaysia, many water sources have become polluted. Hence, wastewater must be adequately treated prior to discharge into the environment. Currently, conventional treatment

Previously finding prime implicants based on off-cubes was explored as an approach to minimize insignificant logic functions which include minterms both easy and difficult to cover. Off-cube based function minimization falls short in certain functions and may not yield/produce the accurate results. In this study, a new method of minimizing insignificant logic functions that includes smart minterm ordering

This paper employs an improved continuous wavelet transform (CWT) technique of Gaussian derivative function and impulse response filtering (IRF) in seismic surface wave analysis to improve data analysis in the Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) method. Two procedures were used: first, the response spectrum of interest was chosen using a time–frequency wavelet spectrogram. Then, noisy distortions

Flip buckets are among one of the most common types of energy dissipaters, especially for dams. The scouring phenomenon occurs when falling jets hit the river bed, and A-Jack concrete block armors can be used as an effective way to control such a phenomenon. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the stability of sediment particles using A-Jack concrete block armors. In this regard, the general

The sequential earthquakes and the vertical component of earthquakes can cause extensive damages to structures. In this study, by applying the incremental dynamic collapse analysis, considering the stability, final curvature and interstory drift, as performance criteria for the intact and damaged structures under the mainshock, the fragility curves are studied. The analyses have been performed for

Owing to its significant contribution to GDP and other sectors, the construction industry plays an important role in economic growth. The economy of countries depends on a number of variables in which inflation is one of them. The position of inflation in economic growth cannot be overlooked, as it is retaliating either positively or negatively. This paper explores the role of inflation and how it

Evaporation and seepage are the most important forms of water loss in an open channel. Evaporation loss depends on the area of free surface while, seepage loss is function of channel geometry. The design that achieves minimum water loss is determined for trapezoidal and rectangular cross sections using Lagrangian method with Manning’s equation as a constraint. The water loss function which comprises

This paper proposes a variable nonlinear gain fuzzy (VNGF) controller and negative-feedback based phase-locked loop (NFPLL) with improved synchronous reference frame (ISRF) control strategy for unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). Several power quality (PQ) problems present in the power distribution network can be exterminated through the proposed VNGF-NFPLL-ISRF control method. The VNGF method

The widespread usage of mobile applications with the limited resources of mobile devices pushed towards the investment in Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). In MCC, web services are available on the cloud server and are invoked by mobile applications whenever and wherever needed via a hybrid wired and wireless networks. One of the most important issues in the mobile experience is the web service request

We present a fractional series solution (FSS) for a class of higher-order linear fractional PDEs. The fractional derivative in this class is considered in the conformable fractional derivative (Co-FD) sense. An appropriate expansion was introduced to reach an FSS that is consistent with the target equations in this research. The residual power series technique is used to determine the coefficients

Building Information Modelling is one of the crucial topics in the construction industry. The construction industry has played an important role to assist stakeholders to successfully transfer construction practices to BIM-based technology. Currently, no systematic research that has been carried out to determine the level of BIM implementation in Malaysia. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the

A doable, low cost, green and scalable method is demonstrated to synthesize N-doped graphene/CNTs composite using humic acid (HA) and urea via ball mill technique. The structural characterizations were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM investigations reveal a highly porous morphology of the synthesized powder. It was also observed

By technology development and industrialization of human societies, we have seen an increase in greenhouse gases produced in the earth that causes the occurrence of climate change. By disturbing the balance in different parts of the earth we have seen negative results like a flood, drought, etc., so based on the importance that climate change has on the earth and its residents, and long term prediction

Controlling the speed of vehicles is essential in some parts of the roadway. One way of controlling speed is to use static control devices i.e. traffic calming measures, which reduce the speeds of vehicles and thereby increase safety, while produce discomfort when crossing over it. In this study, three types of traffic calming measures located in Mosul city are investigated: flat-topped hump, single

In this research, a new method named minimal pumping (MP) method has been proposed. In this proposed method, the required time for damaged pipe repairing is minimized using up stream pipes and manholes capacities, and therefore pumping cost required for diversion is reduced. Generally, wastewater bypass is necessary for repairing the wastewater pipelines using some trenchless repair methods. As a result

Reliability and controllability for a new scheme of gate-all-around field effect transistor (GAA-FET) with a silicon channel utilizing a sectorial cross section is evaluated in terms of Ion/Ioff current ratio, transconductance, subthreshold slope, threshold voltage roll-off, and drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL). In addition, the scaling behavior of electronic figures of merit is comprehensively

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes impregnated with Fe2O3 nanoparticles were prepared. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes were used to remove benzene from water. The iron-impregnated carbon nanotubes from a range 5 wt% iron to 20 wt% iron were prepared. The removal of benzene increases with the increase of impregnated iron percent in the multi-walled carbon nanotube. Redlich-Peterson model gives better data

Many fresh definitions of fractional derivatives have been suggested and used in recent years to produce mathematical models with memory, background, or non-local effects for a broad range of real-world structures. The primary aim of this article is to create and evaluate a fractional-order derivative for an extensive regulatory scheme for glucose-insulin regulation. The existence and uniqueness are

A new methodology for investigation of voltage stability and total harmonic distortion of distributed hybrid generator based on wind and pv system is proposed. In this scheme, the sources are connected to the grid through standalone step-up converter followed by an inverter. Thus, compared to earlier schemes, the proposed scheme has fewer power converters. The prototype of the Simulink model is developed