This paper proposes a simulation-based method for assessing the collusion potential among Generating Companies (GENCOs) who participate in a wholesale electricity market. For this purpose, a game-theoretic framework is developed to model the strategic bidding behaviors of GENCOs in both non-cooperative and collusive oligopoly electricity markets. In a collusive oligopoly market, GENCOs may negotiate

Building-based active envelopes play an important role to reduce active heating supplies. Several techniques are developed to enhance the energy performances of active building envelopes; meanwhile, numerous numerical and mathematical models are also developed to conduct the performance analysis of these techniques. In this paper, we propose a state-space model for solar active wall-based Phase Change

It can be predicted that the future power system, especially microgrids (MGs) will consist of many different sources and storages. In this regard, many researches have been conducted on different energy management strategies to improve power system adequacy indices. This paper presents a hybrid stochastic/robust coordinated power management strategy (CPMS) to simultaneously improve the flexibility

The emergence of electric vehicles (EVs) use imposes new challenges considering the increasing in power demand which gives reflection for using renewable energies such as photovoltaic (PV) power. This paper proposes a novel energy management strategy (EMS) for a residential electric vehicle charging station (EVCS). This station consists of a PV power source connected to the grid with a suitable energy

The demand-supply balance of electricity systems is fundamentally linked to climate conditions. In light of this, the present study aims to model the effect of climate change on the European electricity system, specifically on its long-term reliability. A resource adequate power system - a system where electricity supply covers demand – is sensitive to generation capacity, demand patterns, and the

This paper explores a revenue maximization problem for distributed energy resources in a local day-ahead and balancing market. The local market creates opportunities for competition among distributed energy resources, however it may also lead to exercising market power. In the day-ahead market, the strategic revenue maximization of the distributed energy resources is modelled through a bi-level optimization

With the increasing penetration of power electronic equipment for various day to day applications, several testing methods are also gaining attention. Power level emulation is a popular technique which is typically employed for mimicking the behaviour of a source or load in real-time. Most of the available literature deals with the power level emulation of balanced loads and sources. This paper presents

As electric vehicles surpassed the 5.1 million-vehicle threshold in 2018, charging stations are becoming a growing necessity to allow electric vehicles charging while parked away from home. In addition, by harnessing the inherent flexibility of the charging process, charging stations can also provide services to the grid, such as frequency and voltage regulation. However, given that full-charge using

Flexible energy consumption patterns represent a significant potential for end-users to reduce their energy costs due to the increasing price volatility in the electricity spot markets. However, a simple and exhaustive description of flexibilities is needed to efficiently coordinate multiple flexible components. In this paper, we propose a simple and complete method to describe the end-user flexibility

Electric vehicles are gradually finding their position as an alternative to fossil fuel vehicles. To accelerate the replacement process, a number of new infrastructural facilities such as charging stations (CS) have to be widely deployed. In order to encourage the private sector to invest in this area, it is necessary to introduce a combination of business and technical model for CS that comprises

This study proposes a new fault diagnosis algorithm for a photovoltaic (PV) solar system implemented on the bases of diode distribution and two classifiers based on ensemble bagged trees and neural pattern recognition techniques. The proposed approach is designed by adding two diodes connected to the upper and lower terminals of each PV string. The two diodes are connected to prevent the reverse direction

This paper proposes a day-ahead self-healing scheduling approach in isolated networked microgrid (NMG) systems. The proposed approach is based on a two-level flexible energy management system (EMS). The upper-level EMS is responsible for optimal scheduling of the normal-operated MGs, while the lower-level help the MGs for operating on-fault in self-healing and islanded modes. When a fault occurs in

One of the fundamental concerns in the operation of modern power systems is the assessment of their frequency stability in case of inertia-reduction induced by the large share of power electronic interfaced resources. Within this context, the paper proposes a framework that, by making use of linear models of the frequency response of different types of power plants, including also grid-forming and

Today, the microgrid is not a new concept, and its diverse benefits for the grid and also consumers have been proven. One of the effective ways to enhance penetration level of the microgrids is to improve economic affordability. This can be achieved by defining an optimal investment plan which has been studied for the several past decades. Previous researches have been proposed a model which used a

A combined delivery of frequency containment reserve (FCR) from a fleet of electric vehicles (EVs) and a large-scale heat pump is proposed to exploit synergies between the fast regulating batteries and the large heat storage capacity of the thermal system. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is assessed with a state of charge model for the EVs delivering FCR, based on one year of system frequency

Due to the high penetration of renewable energy systems (RES), power system requires more flexibility to respond to the fluctuation of variable renewable energy sources. A viable economic measure that can be used to achieve greater flexibility is using distributed energy resources (DERs) installed on the demand side. Electricity time-of-use (TOU) rates can be used as an incentive to encourage prosumers

In the present scenario of electricity market reactive-power-planning (RPP) is a very challenging and promising issue for the power system researchers. The main motive of RPP on a power network is to find out the optimal settings of controlling parameters like reactive power (var) generation of alternators, tap settings of transformer etc. with satisfying equality and inequality constraints. This article

New energy technologies like photovoltaics, electric vehicles, and heat pumps increasingly find their way to distribution networks. At the time the existing distribution networks were designed, only conventional loads were considered. The capacity of the (existing) distribution networks is therefore insufficient to handle the additional (bidirectional) peak load caused by these new technologies. The

The concept of Multi-Energy System (MES) has been identified as a succinct approach in minimizing the economic implications, reducing environmental hazards, and increasing the efficiency of an integrated energy infrastructure holistically. Nevertheless, whilst a great number of resources have been invested in achieving low carbon energy communities and energy infrastructure, limited research has been

Smart Grid (SG) or a modern electric grid system is becoming a priority for most developed countries. SG describes the integration of elements connected to the electric grid with an information infrastructure through intelligent communication systems to offer numerous benefits for both the provider and consumers of electricity. Thus, the conventional protection schemes have to be moderated for a reliable

In recent decades, galloping growth of distributed generation (DG), and its vital role from technical, financial, and environmental point of view, has made it more prominent that DG and its utilization need to be analyzed meticulously. Since most DG units’ output power is DC or is not in accordance with network frequency, they need to be connected to the network via power electronic interface. Therefore

Distributed Generation (DG), though offers many advantages in making modern power systems smart ones, unveils many technical problems in terms of its control and operation. Islanding is one such problem which represents the loss of grid condition during which DG continues to feed the load. Due to its harmful effects, islanding has to be differentially detected from other power system transients in

Local multi-energy systems (LMES) have been recently recognized as a promising alternative to centralized energy supply systems to meet local energy needs, since they promote efficient use of the available energy thanks to the coordination of heat and power technologies, storage, flexible demand and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). In this framework, PEVs represent loads to satisfy in the grid-to-vehicle

With the increasing influence of renewable resources and Electric Vehicles (EVs) on the distribution grids, one of the issues that may trouble the designers and beneficiaries of the systems is the contingent nature of the output power of these elements. In the present paper, it is attempted to determine the capacity and the candidate locations for installing the renewable resource, Fast Charging Stations

In view of the lack of effective energy station site optimization method in the existing integrated energy system (IES) planning, and the failure to consider the load characteristics in the division process of the energy supply area of energy stations, a collaborative planning method of energy stations and pipe networks considering the complementary load characteristics is proposed. Firstly, based

Integration of renewable energy resources introduces several uncertainties for planning of distribution networks, requiring the consideration of random variables. This paper proposes a chance-constrained distribution network planning to deal with the long-term uncertainties related to load power, wind power, and solar power using probability density functions under a pseudo-dynamic approach. The model

In this study, a new algorithm has been developed for online identification of line outage contingencies. The proposed algorithm is based on two novel parameters i.e., generator bus current deviation index (GBCDI) and line current distribution factor (LCDF). The proposed GBCDI is used to select the principal bus (PB), and therefore a line is selected named as principal line (PL), which is connected

This paper proposes a hybrid Energy Management Systems (EMS) architecture based on canonical coalition games for cooperative power exchange management of networked microgrids, interconnected with the main grid through a macro station. A central EMS and local EMSs perform three main processes: scheduling process, monitoring and rescheduling process, and benefits distribution process. A value function

Microgrids (MGs) could be subject to cascaded line failures due to their restricted power supply and power flow paths. This paper introduces a novel scheme for cascaded failure containment (CFC). CFC employs power flow and topology reconfiguration optimization in order to prevent the spreading of failure and enable the microgrid to sustain its operation. CFC first optimizes the power flow while considering

This paper presents a probabilistic stability constrained optimal configuration model to simultaneously consider uncertainties with correlation and small signal stability for distribution system in the presence of photovoltaic based distributed generation (PV-DG) and small hydro power plant based DG (SHPP-DG). The objective is to minimize real power loss, number of switching operations and maximize

This paper investigates load frequency control (LFC) problem of a wind-integrated interconnected power system (IPS) considering the combined effect of time-delay and actuator saturation. The actuator saturation is represented by polytopic approach as well as sector bounding approach. A novel robust H∞ sliding mode control (SMC) scheme is proposed for LFC of time-delay IPS with actuator saturation and

The study system in this paper is an islanded DC-microgrid comprising DFIG wind turbines (WTs), microturbine and loads. The main focus of this paper is on local control strategies design for the DFIG-WTs and microturbine to obtain short time-scale coordination, seamless power management and proper load sharing between WTs in the study system. In this work, control strategies related to the DFIG-WTs

Increased uptake of variable renewable generation and further electrification of energy demand necessitate efficient coordination of flexible demand resources to make most efficient use of power system assets. Flexible electrical loads are typically small, numerous, heterogeneous and owned by self-interested agents. Considering the multi-temporal nature of flexibility and the uncertainty involved,

In the present scenario of microgrid system, conversion of electrical energy has initiated a challenge to maintain the power quality within a satisfactory range. It can be influenced by the voltage deviation, sag/swell, unbalancing, frequency, total harmonic distortion (THD) and power factor as per nature of local loads and the condition of distributed energy resources (DERs). The relationship between

Demand Side Management (DSM) is one of the ways to create interaction between the MicroGrids (MGs) and increase consumer participation in management schemes. Different algorithms and strategies have been used to execute consumption management programs which often cover a limited number of loads in several specific types. In this paper, first, the load shift method, as an optimization problem to reduce

This paper is about the dust effect impact on photovoltaic systems on the profit of an electricity market agent acting as an aggregator of photovoltaic power, wind power, thermal power, and an energy storage system. Energy storage ensures arbitrage and smoothing of the variability of photovoltaic power and wind power. The market agent intends to derive bids for submission in a day-ahead market, having

Renewable energy-based Distributed Generation (DG) is the most imperative part of modern power system and offers many potential benefits. To attain maximum benefits offered by DG integration, it is important to model the time varying characteristics of both load and generation. Therefore, this paper presents a new Weibull distribution-based time-coupled Probabilistic Generation model for optimal placement

The frequency control of an islanded microgrid (MG) consists of primary frequency control (PFC) and secondary frequency control (SFC). This study proposes to use the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), the Photovoltaic (PV) systems and the LED lighting loads (LEDLLs) to quickly intercept the frequency deviation in a coordinated manner in the PFC stage. The PVs decrease their power generation in the

The implementation of Home Energy Management System (HEMS) in the recent research works have directed to revolutions in the conservation of energy and the environment along with savings in cost and enhancement in comfort levels. The implication of carrying out this research is to propose a home energy management approach combined with the insertion of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) into the system

This paper proposes a reliable approach-based Harris Hawks Optimizer (HHO) to evaluate the optimal parameters of the Proportional–Integral (PI) controller simulating load frequency control (LFC) incorporated in a multi-interconnected system with renewable energy sources (RESs). During the optimization process, the integral time absolute error (ITAE) of the frequency and tie-line power is handled as

During demand changes and incidence of grid faults, the microgrid system is subjected to an imbalance between the generation and demand. The maintenance of power balance under such dynamic conditions is a major concern for the proper functioning of the microgrid network. During those dynamic periods, achieving voltage and frequency regulation, in particular, during islanded/standalone mode of operation

Electric vehicles are becoming an indispensable part of modern cities and power grids through their versatile and fast-response charge and discharge characteristics. Currently, smart parking lots in residential areas mainly provide slow-charging services and possibly participate in demand response programs. However, the fast emerging of EV fast-charge has brought the necessity to provide new installations

In the realm of the smart grid, there are new issues that are needed to be addressed. However, these new concerns may have an adverse effect on the complexity of the operation of the network, they present great opportunities to the network operators for a better service, in terms of lower costs and enhanced security. In this paper, the integration of the coordinated aggregated Plug-in Electric Vehicle

The rapid integration of the distributed generations (DGs) in distribution grids could result in voltage control issues. These issues are more noticeable in grids, which are reformed from overhead wires to underground cables. Different values of line characteristics, particularly the charging capacitance, differently influence the power flow results. The higher capacitance value of underground cables

Dimensions of electrical distribution network datasets have been increasing exponentially as result of global acceptance of toward smart metering projects for secure implementation of demand response strategies and attaining satisfactory operation of electrical distribution network. Traditional approaches of analyzing these datasets have often been prone to losing of important information for instance

Electrical Vehicles (EVs) have a growing penetration rate in many countries aimed at the reduction of fossil fuel consumption and declining environmental issues. The high penetration rate of EVs, as new electrical energy demands, can cause operational problems for distribution networks. Therefore, designing and implementation of monitoring and management mechanisms for EVs charging is a necessity.

The paper deals with a new way of determining a fault location in an electric power distribution radial feeder using an artificial neural network (ANN) and presents a new centralized protection method based on ANN. The aim of the devised algorithm is to detect the presence of a fault in a radial feeder and to disconnect faulted laterals from the distribution network. The protection schemes that are

This paper deals with developing a new technique based on artificial neural networks (ANN) for monitoring of the remote grid connected photovoltaic (PV) plant. An ANN utilizes the existing impedance relays’ measurements located at switchgear panel to monitor the PV power generated. Also, the proposed technique is able to monitor the power consumed by the load at the distribution side. The simple proposed

The paper suggests a new stochastic model for energy producing, dispatching, and storing for a system of multiple production units and multiple batteries that takes into account the topology of the system of the links between the batteries, the transmission and storage losses, and requirements for special regimes for batteries charging and discharging helping to prolong batteries life. For this model

The current coordination between the transmission system operator (TSO) and the distribution system operator (DSO) is changing mainly due to the continuous integration of distributed energy resources (DER) in the distribution system. The DER technologies are able to provide reactive power services helping the DSOs and TSOs in the network operation. This paper follows this trend by proposing a methodology