Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

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Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

An intermodulation (IM) tuner with $2\pi $ rad phase and 40-dB amplitude range is demonstrated in this article. The solution is based on the coherent nonlinearities combination among three nonlinear sources connected with star topology. By combining the IM components from these three nonlinear sources with $2\pi $ /3 rad phase offset for each pair, the final output IM signal can be tuned in the whole

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

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Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Sparse subspace clustering (SSC) is an effective method to cluster sensing signal for fault diagnosis in mechanical systems. SSC is based on a global expression strategy describing each data point by other data points from all the potential clusters. A drawback of this strategy is that it generates nonzero elements in the nondiagonal blocks of the similarity matrix, thereby reducing the performance

This paper presents a cost-effective localization method by using received signal strength (RSS) from single wireless access point (AP) that has only three directional antennas. To reduce the requirement for the costly database training process, a three-step parametric model-based approach is proposed. This approach estimates the AP-device angle, distance, and the device location analytically by making

To overcome the shortcomings of 1-D and 2-D Otsu’s thresholding methods, a 3-D Otsu method has been introduced. While yielding satisfactory segmentation results for images with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and poor contrast, it has the downside of high computational complexity. In this paper, the cuttlefish algorithm (CFA)-based 3-D Otsu thresholding method is proposed to pace up the conventional

In this paper, a novel vision-based measurement (VBM) approach is proposed to estimate the contact force and classify materials in a single grasp. This approach is the first event-based tactile sensor which utilizes the recent technology of neuromorphic cameras. This novel approach provides higher sensitivity, a lower latency, and less computational and power consumption compared to other conventional

This paper presents a parametric level set-based reconstruction method for nonstationary applications using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Due to relatively low signal-to-noise ratios in EIT measurement systems and the diffusive nature of EIT, the reconstructed images often suffer from low spatial resolution. In addressing these challenges, we propose a computationally efficient shape-estimation

Artificial intelligence evolved as a powerful tool in condition monitoring of the induction motor for early diagnosis of bearing faults. This paper attempted to identify the features to improve the accuracy of diagnosis using the benchmark database of the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and the Machinery Fault Prevention Technology (MFPT). In this paper, 18 time-domain features are extracted

A pantograph–catenary system (PCS) is an important part of a railway power supply system, which is an interface of the power supply system and the electric locomotive. The quality of a traction power supply depends on the stability of the contact between a pantograph and a catenary. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the contact state by detecting the contact point (CPT) between the pantograph and

This paper presents an enhanced microscopic vision-based approach supporting fast and high-precision measurement on planar motions of a multi-degree of freedom (DOF) compliant stage with sub-micrometer motion accuracy. The proposed method is based on an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, including two phases. First, an inverted pyramid structure is employed to divide the solution

Electromyographic (EMG) signals are utilized to analyze the neuromuscular disorders. Machine learning algorithms have been employed as a decision support system to detect neuromuscular disorders. EMG signals contain noise from different sources, such as electrical and electronic instruments and movement artifacts. In this paper, the multiscale principal component analysis (MSPCA) has been used to remove

This paper proposes a novel approach, whereby fuzzy logic and decision tree are utilized to overcome the challenges in analyzing images of gas–oil–water pipeline flow obtained using electrical resistance and capacitance dual-modality tomography. The first approach generates two axially stacked concentration images from two stacks of the cross-sectional concentration tomograms reconstructed from different

A novel and practical combined weighted (COM-W) method for target localization based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) is proposed in this paper. For 2-D situations with more than three nodes, the main idea of the proposed method is to obtain multiple preliminary localization results corresponding to the different three-node combinations first, and then use the weighted averaging technique based

This paper introduces a novel compact low-power amperometric instrumentation design with current-to-digital output for electrochemical sensors. By incorporating the double layer capacitance of an electrochemical sensor's impedance model, our new design can maintain performance while dramatically reducing circuit complexity and size. Electrochemical experiments with potassium ferricyanide, show that

The vibration and friction triggered by the long-term operation of stacker inevitably lead to the damage problem of stacker’s track. In order to ensure the stable operation of the stacker, a novel scheme is proposed to address an accurate damage localization problem of the stacker’s track in industrial environment based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition-empirical mode decomposition (EEMD-EMD)

As one of the most important and essential elements of machines, rolling element bearings always fail due to the severe operating environment. Bearing failures usually result in the periodic impulses, which are the most crucial feature for the bearing diagnosis. These impulses may be overwhelmed by the background noises or other unrelated components. Many traditional features in the time domain such

This paper proposes a novel method to achieve pose measurement in 3-D space using a microscopic camera. For an object with flange on its surface, there is a shadow region around the flange in the image if the camera is equipped with a ring light source. The flange’s shadow distribution caused by the ring light source is deduced based on imaging principle. An optimal model used to estimate object’s

Fault classification of power distribution cables is essential for tripping relays, pinpointing fault location, and repairing failures of a distribution network in the power system. However, existing fault-classification techniques are not totally satisfactory because they may: 1) require the precalibration of responding threshold for each network; 2) fail to identify the three-phase short-circuit

Electric power distribution network holds a critical role in uninterruptable power supply for modern societies. The distribution network comprising of complex of primary and secondary distribution lines is vulnerable to various short-circuit (SC) faults caused by lightning strikes, storms, growing vegetation, animals, insulation breakdown, and other environmental situations. Most SC faults result in

The IEEE Std C37.118.1(a) describes synchrophasor measurement by a phasor measurement unit (PMU) for the system fundamental frequency. Harmonic synchrophasor, i.e., synchrophasor measured for harmonic frequencies, is not considered in the standard. Harmonic synchrophasor is useful for harmonic state estimation, power quality (PQ) monitoring, and harmonic power flow analysis. In this paper, we investigate

In the past years, strong changes of power network architectures and operation have led to make use of huge quantities of instrumentation, spread around the grid. In fact, there is a strong need to perform very accurate measurements of electrical quantities in many nodes of the network, mainly due to the strong penetration of distributed generation. Recently, the main Italian utility has also asked

In this paper, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) approach, for imaging internal structures of generally lossy layered dielectric cylindrical objects, is presented. This method which properly accounts for different transmission and refraction paths at each boundary between different layers produces a properly focused image of embedded targets. This approach is also capable of addressing imaging needs

This paper presents a novel deep learning-based method that integrates a Convolutional Auto-Encoder (CAE) with support vector machine (SVM) for finger-vein verification. The CAE is used to learn the features from finger-vein images, and the SVM is used to classify finger vein from these learned feature codes. The CAE consists of a finger-vein encoder, which extracts high-level feature representation

This paper considers a problem of in situ estimation of the weight values of individual items that are moving as a bulk on a conveyor in a nonoriented and nonsingulated way. In logistics and material handling processes, it is a challenge to measure the weight of each package moving on a conveyor without halting the conveyor operation. This is not only because measuring weight requires physical contact

In long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) recording for arrhythmia monitoring, using a uniform compression strategy throughout the entire data to achieve high compression efficiency may result in unacceptable distortion of abnormal beats. The presented work addressed a solution to this problem, rarely discussed in published research. A support vector machine (SVM)-based binary classifier was implemented

In a 3-D gaze tracking system, the system calibration is used to determine the positions of the light sources and the screen in the camera coordinate system, which plays an important role in the estimation of the 3-D gaze and the point of regard (PoR). The traditional way for the system calibration is the mirror-based method, in which a mirror is used to make the light sources and the screen can be

This paper describes a user-friendly toolbox, ReMAE, for removing muscle artifacts from electroencephalogram (EEG), running under the MATLAB environment. It implements a series of state-of-the-art methods for muscle artifact removal from EEG in the literature, and provides a graphical user interface (GUI). According to the taxonomy of the existing studies, this toolbox contains three denoising modes

Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) monitoring is critical during surgery and in intensive care units (ICS). Over the last decades, several studies have addressed the noncontact monitoring of vital signs, but few reports have focused on SpO 2 . This paper presents an SpO 2 monitoring method without physical contact with the patient using imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG). Eulerian video magnification

This paper deals with the development of a simple, low-cost, fringing field impedance sensor suitable for early age hydration monitoring and setting time determination of hydraulic cement paste. An impedance technique using a double-sided copper-cladded printed circuit board substrate as a sensor is proposed. Different batches of sensors with different probe sizes and substrate thickness have been

The dielectric properties of cotton fabric, polyester fabric, and polyester/cotton blended fabrics with different moisture content (MC), grammage, and composition ratio were tested under 10-GHz microwave in free space. A uniform padder was developed to ensure a uniform distribution of moisture in the fabric. A power-law dielectric mixing model was then adopted and simplified to describe the MC dependence

Bubbly flow widely exists in many industrial applications of energy, metallurgy, and chemistry, etc. Due to the clusters and overlap of dense bubbles at a high void fraction, it is nearly impossible to obtain the information of flow structures and characteristics in the spatial field with traditional measurement methods. In this paper, a novel laser scanning based 3-D reconstruction method for dense

In this paper, the design of frequency-locked loop (FLL) is proposed based on computationally efficient discrete Fourier transform (DFT) structures. In recent years, the DFT structures are evolved as sliding DFT (SDFT), modulated SDFT, hopping DFT (HDFT), modulated HDFT, and sliding-windowed infinite Fourier transform. Considering their tuned filter characteristics, an attempt has been made to obtain

In control processes, sometimes it would be necessary to know variables at locations that are barely accessible. In such cases, soft sensors (also known as “virtual sensors”) could really help. In fact, they are powerful instruments for the indirect measure of quantities that would not be measurable, if not with the installation of physical sensors that could perturbate the normal working conditions

The IEEE 1588 standard known as Precision Time Protocol (PTP) was developed to provide highly accurate and synchronized clocks for a wide range of applications. In particular, it is critical for latency-sensitive applications, such as enterprise-class financial transactions. In this paper, we analyze some of the security risks associated with this protocol, in particular, cyberattacks that disrupt

The uneven reflective metal surface has great influence on the high-precision measurement of the structured light 3-D shape. By analyzing the laser scattering and reflection models, a set of light stripe center’s subpixel extraction methods which has strong robustness is proposed. The method first cuts off the influence of the uneven fixed background by using the difference image method to process

A compact all-fiber polarization coherent Lidar is demonstrated to simultaneously measure the velocity and depolarization ratio. In the Lidar system, a dual-polarization light beam is generated in a polarization modulator (PolM). The light beam consists of a linearly polarized optical carrier and an optical sideband with an orthogonal polarization state. If the light is depolarized, the polarization

This paper presents a 2-D vector microdisplacement sensor based on mode coupling between single-mode fiber (SMF) and two-mode fiber (TMF). The offset alignment between SMF and TMF along the radial direction of optical fibers can influence the mode coefficients of LP 01 mode, LP 11o mode, and LP 11e mode in TMF, including mode power proportion coefficients and mode relative phase coefficients. Modal

An integrated receiver–time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip set is developed for pulsed time-of-flight (TOF) laser rangefinding. The receiver detects the current pulse from the optical detector and produces a timing mark for the TDC. The receiver uses time mode walk error compensation scheme achieving <±2.5-mm residual timing-walk error within a dynamic range of ~1:40 000. The multichannel TDC measures

A D-shaped fiber based long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) sensor with high quality factor ( $Q$ -factor) of 67.75 RIU −1 and temperature self-compensation was proposed and demonstrated. The multilayered architecture of the LRSPR sensor consisted of fiber/dielectric buffer layer (DBL)/Au film/analyte, and the deep penetration depth and long propagation distance of long-range surface plasmon

A multi-axis position sensor using a 2-D color-coded binary scale (CCBS) is proposed for measuring absolute 2-D planar position and orientation in a full angle range. Since a color-encoding method provides higher information density with multiple color channels, two absolute position codes and incremental scale patterns could be encoded in the 2-D CCBS using three color channels. Therefore, the absolute

In this paper, it is a low-cost device that is able to determine the concentration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells based on the methylene blue reduction rate. The device, composed by laser diodes at 650-nm, 10-mm cuvette, photodetectors, and a microcontroller, is able to measure cell concentrations between 10 6 and 10 9 cells/ml. The mean error was 3.77% and 2.75% comparing with the yeast plate count

A systematic way is proposed to fully characterize omnidirectional antennas by measuring their complex normalized effective height (CNEH). Usually, antennas are utilized to convert the voltage waves in a waveguide into the vectorial electromagnetic fields in free space and vice versa; however, this conversion relationship cannot be fully expressed with the traditional antenna parameters, e.g., the

In this paper, an attractive measurement technique is proposed to retrieve the broadband permittivity and permeability of the magneto-dielectric materials. The proposed technique is quite novel which mitigates the major problems associated with the conventional broadband RF material characterization techniques such as numerical instability and phase uncertainty when the length of the sample exceeds

CO 2 measurement using the nondispersive infrared (NDIR) gas sensing method is conventionally performed using a gas chamber as the main part of the sensor. In this paper, we report on a novel approach using a light source with an embedded parabolic reflector to measure CO 2 concentrations above 400 ppm without the need for a chamber. Four alternative structures for CO 2 detection were fabricated that

The capacitive humidity sensor is normally fabricated by an interdigitated electrode (IDE) or parallel plate structure. In this paper, the principle of the cross-capacitance proposed by Thompson–Lampard theorem has been utilized for the first time to fabricate a precise and accurate relative humidity (%RH) sensor. A thin film of porous alumina ( $\gamma $ -Al 2 O 3 ) was deposited on the inner wall

This paper presents a new calibration method of the accelerometer tested on a precision centrifuge to further enhance the calibration accuracy of the high-order error model coefficients. To eliminate the influence of dynamic and static error sources of precision centrifuge on calibration accuracy, nine coordinate systems are established considering the errors of a centrifuge, which are propagated by

Today’s society is highly reliant on time and frequency synchronization, e.g., in communications systems and financial networks. Precise timing is more and more derived from satellite navigation receivers that are unfortunately very susceptible to various signal threats. We studied the performance of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) timing under different operating conditions and tested the

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.