Using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites together with seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) in coastal areas will overcome the environmental issues of using ordinary concrete and corrosion problems of conventional steel reinforcements. The present research investigates the mechanical properties of different SWSSC filled FRP tubes after exposure to seawater. Glass, carbon, and basalt filament

The lattice structure with graded composition and microstructure in function of position, allowing for smooth transition and combination of multiple desirable features, has great prospects in various applications. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an effective approach to preparing the gradient-material lattice structure by altering the proportion of raw powder materials. In this study, in-situ TiB/Ti6Al4V

Heat generation in CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced plastic) with electromagnetic induction can result in several benefits to manufacturing and production. However, during induction heating of anisotropic materials such as CFRP, the temperature distribution depends on electrical and thermal conductivity in different directions. This article presents a numerical model for computing the temperature distribution

Structure design and composition control are two crucial factors in determining the microwave absorption performance for absorbers, however, it still possess formidable challenges to balance the dual coordination between them. Herein, a coordination assembly strategy is used to synthesize Co2+-organic polymer coordination materials, then, Co/N-doped porous carbon (Co/NPC) composites, in which Co particles

Taking full advantage of intrinsic high strength of nano-reinforcements has been proven difficult in a composite until the concept of strain matching was experimental verified in a nanowire Nb/TiNi in-situ composite, which was obtained via solidifying eutectic Nb/TiNi and subsequent severe wire drawing. However, the volume fraction of the nano-reinforcement was dictated by eutectic reaction, which

We studied the crashworthiness performance of thin-walled ultralight braided lattice composites (UBLCs) under quasi-static compressive loading experimentally and numerically. The lattice structures were initially preformed on mandrels with various cross-sectional geometries, including circular, octagonal, hexagonal, and rectangular. The effects of cross-section type and perimeter were also investigated

Lowering the operating temperature of solid-electrolyte based fuel cells is an attractive approach to achieve highly efficient energy conversion devices for the next-generation demands. The present work aims to develop proton-conducting electrolyte materials for low-temperature fuel cells. In this regard, a host matrix of gadolinium-doped cerium pyrophosphate (CGP) has been reinforced by cesium pentahydrogen

The main subject of the project is to obtain a natural filler polymer composite through the rotational molding process (rotomolding). For the purpose of comparison, two varieties of a matrix polymer were used: linear low-density polyethylene (PE) as a standard material used in this technology and poly(lactid acid) biopolymer (PLA). Ground buckwheat husk (BH) was used as a natural filler. Due to the

As the requirement for low cost, high volume production of composites increases, so does the requirement for modelling capability to help inform and optimise the composite manufacturing processes. In this paper a finite element approach is introduced to simulate the behaviour of a plain weave fabric during the double diaphragm forming process. Using a mutually constrained shell-membrane method to capture

The 3rd pathway of producing honeycomb-structured radar absorbing materials (HRAMs) is innovated using novel paper-based composites (PBCs) produced by a papermaking process. The PBCs consist of short-cut carbon fibers (CFs), aramid fibers (AFs), and aramid fibrils (AFBs). Thus they integrate the radar absorbing agent (CFs) into the honeycomb frames (mainly AFs and AFBs), performing as a duel-functional

In flash thermography, the maximum inspectable defect depth is limited when only the raw thermographic sequence is analyzed. The introduction of pulsed phase thermography (PPT), in which phase (contrast) images at different thermal wave frequencies are obtained, significantly improved the maximum inspectable depth while reducing the effects of non-uniform heating and non-uniform surface properties

We use surface-modified graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) to engineer cement materials at the nanoscale to effectively tailor their macroscale crucial mechanical properties suitable for harsh conditions. Concerning long-term public health and global warming, nanoengineering of cement as a primary barrier for providing zonal isolation by sealing in areas requiring very low risk of serious accidents becomes

Short fiber reinforced composites have a variety of micro-structural parameters that affect their macro-mechanical performance. A modeling methodology, capable of accommodating a broad range of these parameters, is desirable. This paper describes a micro-mechanical model which is developed using Finite Element Analysis and Orientation Averaging. The model is applicable to short fiber reinforced composites

This work investigates the effects of ageing on autoclaved composites made with unidirectional prepreg epoxy and flax tape in environments with 50% and 100% of relative humidity. A Design of Experiment (DoE) has been used first to determine the effect of the ageing time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 16 days), type of bending (3-point and 4-point bending) and fibre orientation (longitudinal and transverse) on

This paper proposes a fully nonmetallic system for strengthening RC one-way slabs with prestressed CFRP composites. The flexural behaviors of RC slabs strengthened with nonprestressed and prestressed CFRP strips were compared through four-point bending tests. The externally bonded reinforcement on grooves (EBROG) method was utilized to delay premature debonding of the CFRP composites and was compared

A new criterion, the limit stress, is presented for characterizing the mechanical performance of carbon fibers via the impregnated tow method. A description of the method and its underlying connection to actual single carbon fiber mechanical performance is given and an initial demonstration of the technique is implemented. For implementation, a commercial 24k tow carbon fiber was interrogated mechanically

Slag, an important supplementary cementitious material, is widely utilized for producing sustainable cement-based materials. In this paper, to study the effect of hydration stage and composition on the microstructure of cement-slag powder composites, the hydrated tricalcium silicate (C3S) curing at 20 °C at 28-day and 90-day with slag dosage from 0% to 45% were investigated by 29Si and 27Al NMR spectrum

With an increasingly complex working environment and the growing demand in the electrical equipment market, the performance of high-frequency printed circuit boards (PCBs) is generally inadequate, and this problem is due to the failure of either its material or internal architecture. Thus, state-of-the-art PCBs with robust mechanical performance and a low dielectric constant need to be developed. This

Tough, self-adhesive and conductive hydrogels have recently attracted considerable interest due to their promising applications in electronic skins, wearable devices and flexible sensors. In this work, we designed a mussel-inspired nanocomposite hydrogel derived from water-soluble tannic acid/polyaniline coated cellulose nanocrystals (TA/[email protected]) and various functional acrylic monomers. The

The introduction of nanostructured interlayers is one of the most promising strategies for interlaminar reinforcement in structural composites. In this work, we study the failure mechanism and interlayer microstructure of aerospace-grade structural composites reinforced with thin veils of carbon nanotube produced using an industrialised spinning process. Samples of unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy

In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of using carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates for the dual functions on aircraft as high load-bearing structural materials as well as for the harvesting and storage of static electricity during flight which can be used to power navigation lights and other electrical systems. CFRP laminate was fabricated into a structural dielectric capacitor

A novel kind of wafer-like Ti3C2/Carbon nanoparticle (Ti3C2/Cnp) hybrids electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing agent with enhanced polarization loss has been designed and synthesized by in-situ growth of carbon nanoparticles (Cnps) between the layers of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXenes according to the gradient EM loss and impedance matching design principles. The growth of Cnps between Ti3C2 layers takes

Although the investigation of thermal damage in composite materials has increased, the short-term thermal degradation and decomposition mechanisms in a non-oxidative environment have not been well established, as the reported thermal damage results were heavily influenced by the analyses of delicately collected volatiles and the presence of oxygen. The aim of this study, using scanning electron microscopy

Origami has received significant interest from the science and engineering community as a design method and used to construct expandable mechanical metamaterials by folding and unfolding along the crease line. Here, we adopted a 4D printing method with shape memory polymer to create a smart origami metamaterial with tunable stress-strain curves, controllable compression twist deformation, shape programming

Auextic materials possessing negative Poisson's ratios have gained great research interest by virtue of its various exotic mechanical properties while most of these metamaterials rely on the hollow cellular configuration, largely undermining the overall mechanical performance. It therefore restricts their application in load-bearing engineering fields. In order to solve this issue, we first designed

This paper focuses on structural collapse of fully clamped and simply supported hybrid sandwich beams of geometrically asymmetric carbon fiber-reinforced composite face sheets and an aluminum foam core under three-point bending. Both bending behavior and collapse mechanism have been explored and identified through the collapse mechanism map. Limit analyses have been conducted and these predictions

The reinforcement of conductive nano-/micro-fillers in thermoplastic polymers allows for rapid heating upon exposure to electromagnetic (EM) radiation. This phenomenon has been used to create reversible adhesives that allow bonding/removal of substrates via controlled EM exposure. This process of repeated heating/cooling can introduce thermal and mechanical degradation, which is not well understood

This paper presents a novel ductile carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) anchor system, which has been designed to ensure a controlled high capacity. The response of the anchor system was hypothesized tailorable by adding a ductile mechanism as a part of the anchor system. Three test batches, totaling 43 tests, provide the basis for a functionality sensitivity analysis and thus a threshold basis

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a broad research area and attract considerable tremendous attention today in the materials science and engineering society. In recent years, FGMs have experienced remarkable developments in manufacturing methods. FGMs can be produced using several well-known processing techniques from conventional to advanced. This research provides an overview of manufacturing

A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analysis (FEA) model incorporating an elastic-plastic (EP) damage model, which was implemented as a user-defined material (‘VUMAT’) sub-routine in a FEA code (‘Abaqus/Explicit’), is developed to simulate the impact response of carbon-fibre reinforced-plastic (CFRP) composites. The model predicts the load versus time and the load versus displacement responses

A PC/ABS blend was used to prepare hybrid composites reinforced with the use of a biocarbon/carbon fiber (BC/CF) system. The purpose of using blends of this type was to reduce the degradation of PC during the blending processes, which turned out to be effective already at 40% ABS in the blend structure. TGA analysis and rheological measurements confirmed that the addition of ABS in the matrix structure

This paper presents a hierarchic finite element-based computational framework for the multi-scale modelling of composite laminates. Hierarchic finite elements allow changing the approximation order locally or globally without changing the underlying finite element mesh. Both micro- and macro-level structures are discretised with these elements. The macro-level structures of composite laminates are

Polymers have myriad uses in the modern world, but their advantageous properties can be compromised by degradation induced via moisture absorption. This work presents a novel reduced order numerical model for the mechanical behavior and degradation of polymers, along with experimental results, illustrating the influence of water absorption on 3D printed and injection molded nylon 6. The nylon 6 specimens

Automated Fiber Placement is one of the well-established composite fabrication techniques in both aerospace and automotive industries. However, new types of defects may be formed during the fiber steering due to replacing the prepreg sheets with the prepreg fiber tows. These defects can be a source of both intralaminar and interlaminar damages, which reduce the mechanical performance of the final products

The disposal of automotive waste tires is an increasing environmental problem worldwide. The recycling of waste tire is challenging because tires are produced by chemical cross-linking of polymer-filler materials. Among the diverse disposal methods available for waste tires disposal, pyrolysis is considered as a promising recycling approach. The pyrolysis method presents the possibility of transforming

Different from conventional materials, materials with negative Poisson's ratios expand laterally when stretched longitudinally. Known as ‘auxetic’ materials, the effect means they possess particularly fascinating properties, which have recently attracted considerable attention in the literature. A range of auxetic materials has been discovered, theoretically designed and fabricated. Developments in

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is the most common additive manufacturing technology used for thermoplastic components. This layers-based manufacturing process results into direct links between printing parameters and the polymer mesostructure by means of porosity and structural anisotropy. These dependencies along with other features of thermoplastic polymers (i.e., nonlinearities, viscous and thermal

In the present work, a multiscale model for fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beams failing in bending is presented. At the microstructural level, the fibre is modelled as a one-dimensional continuum with axial, shear and bending deformability, with cohesive-like interfaces to simulate the interaction with the surrounding concrete. At the macroscopic level, the response of the beam is simulated by discretising

Long fiber thermoplastic composite (LFT) has been mainly used in conventional applications such as automotive because of its low cost, great specific mechanical properties, excellent impact performance, excellent corrosion resistance and ease of processibility. All of these great properties enable it a potential material candidate in unconventional applications such as offshore gas and oil drilling

Mechanical properties of thick GLARE1-9/8 laminates with unidirectional structure are investigated. Three-point bending tests are conducted to determine the elasto-plastic behavior and flexural strength of samples with different length. Effective longitudinal and interlaminar shear moduli of GLARE are measured based on various span method. Failure loads and failure mechanisms are determined within