Thermoelectric generators directly convert thermal energy to electricity when exposed to the proper temperature difference. The efficiency of the thermoelectric module has not been fully explored due to the drawbacks in conventional design and fabrication methods. Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing offers a unique potential scalable approach for the fabrication of flexible and functionally

Offering the possibility of producing complex geometries in a compressed product development cycle, it comes as no surprise that Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques have become attractive to multiple industries, including the automotive and aerospace segments. Unfortunately, the ubiquitous stratified build approach used by these technologies is responsible for the pain point that hinders their adoption

In metals additive manufacturing (AM), materials and components are concurrently made in a single process as layers of metal are fabricated on top of each other in the near-final topology required for the end-use product. Consequently, tens to hundreds of materials and part design degrees of freedom must be simultaneously controlled and understood; hence, metals AM is a highly interdisciplinary technology

The 3D printing process enables to print objects having various functionalities at pre-designed locations in the object. Hereby, we report on the printing of superhydrophobic objects composed of patterns of micropillars. Superhydrophobicity is an important property of surfaces that has applications in various fields such as self-cleaning, drag reduction, increased buoyancy, and air conditioning. Most

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing process which nowadays receives abundant attention from industry sectors. However, the number of materials which can be processed by SLS is still very limited and requires further research. The present work aims to contribute to this topic by investigating the mechanical properties of neat and short carbon fibre reinforced polyamide 1212

This study investigates the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) and deformation behavior of a FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy (HEA) fabricated by laser-based directed energy deposition (DED). The results show that two kinds of microstructure can be obtained in the as-built HEAs by changing laser scanning speed: one kind of microstructure is formed at a low scanning speed and composed of near fully

Nozzle-based three-dimensional (3D) printing (additive manufacturing) technologies, which build a model by depositing and stacking materials layer-by-layer, are limited by long layer-build time resulting in low throughput. While nozzle-based printing is already arguably versatile, such sub-categories as Direct-Ink-Writing (DIW) find difficulty when printing material on rough surfaces. Recently electrohydrodynamic

The additive manufacturing of metallic lattices based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) has recently received plenty of interest in the field of hard tissue engineering. Although these structures are deemed to present advantages over conventional designs in regard to their biological and compressive mechanical properties, their fatigue life has received little attention. In the following work

Wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a feasible technology for manufacturing of metallic components of medium complexity with a high deposition rate. Manufacturing of aluminum alloys for e.g. structural components of the aero plane fuselage by this technology has been impeded by the unavailability of high-performance alloys with good processability and low susceptibility to hot cracking. Therefore

Lack-of-fusion (LOF) in digital concrete fabrication is one of the paramount technical issues that must be elucidated before mass industry implementation of this emerging technology. This review paper initially accentuates the ramifications of poor interlayer bonding, which include impaired mechanical and thermo-mechanical performance in the hardened concrete state, durability issues pertaining to

The implementation of additive manufacturing techniques in the production of mission critical structural components is challenged by its low throughput and limited build envelope. In recent years, hybrid production methods are emerging to bridge between the build volume and high throughput of conventional production methods and the design freedom enabled by additive manufacturing. The repeatability

In this paper, the ability to 3D print lithium-ion batteries through thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion is considered. Focused on the formulation of positive electrodes composed of polypropylene, LiFePO4 as active material, and conductive additives, advantages and drawbacks of both additive manufacturing technologies, are thoroughly discussed from the electrochemical, electrical

Advanced ceramics are required in many applications including armor, engine components, and wear parts for abrasive, corrosive, and high temperature environments. Heterogeneous structuring in these materials has the potential to unlock extrinsic mechanisms that improve damage tolerance, of vital importance for structural functionality. However, traditional ceramic powder processing and forming techniques

The current work reports the result of investigations into alternative representations of the temporal evolution of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. In order to provide the reader with sufficient context for the following discussion, the modeling challenge and its underlying cause, as well as current attempts to provide a satisfactory solution, will be discussed. Next, the author will describe

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is becoming data-intensive while increasingly generating newly available data. The availability of AM data provides Design for AM (DfAM) with a newfound opportunity to construct AM design rules with improved understanding of AM’s influence on part qualities. To seize the opportunity, this paper proposes a novel approach for AM design rule construction based on machine learning

Micro-droplet injection forming technology demonstrates considerable potential with regard to additive manufacturing of complex casting sand molds. However, the influence of micro-droplet injection characteristics on the forming accuracy and injection regulation strategies is relatively weak during the process of promoting the industrialization of three-dimensional sand printing. Moreover, the practical

In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) has gained considerable interest because of its capacity to facilitate the fabrication of products of various shapes better than conventional manufacturing (CM). Moreover, it can respond to the growing demand for customized products and can reduce the impact on the environment by minimizing production waste. To maximize these benefits and overcome entry

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is one of the most promising additive manufacturing (AM) methods which provides an exceptional opportunity to improve the existing designs and move toward fabricating fine features and complex geometries with higher efficiencies. Considering the layer-wise nature of this technique, the possibility of fabricating fine features is tied to the ability to deposit thin powder

The influences of microstructure and solidification parameters on the hot cracking behaviour of an additively manufactured Ni-based superalloy via selective electron beam melting (SEBM) have been investigated. Severe intergranular hot cracking is found to occur at grain boundaries (GBs) in the SEBM-built superalloy. A generalized cracking criterion that considers various process parameters along with

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is emerging as the main additive manufacturing (AM) technology used to produce medium-to-large-sized thin-walled parts (order of magnitude: 1 m) at lower cost. To manufacture a part with this technology, the path planning strategy used is the 2.5D. This strategy consists in slicing a 3D model into different planar layers parallel to each other. The use of this

The 3D Concrete Printing technology (3DCP) has developed fast in the past few years. Compared to conventional construction method, the 3DCP technology offers an advantage in speed and cost. However, the surface of a structure from 3DCP technology requires post-finishing processes as the direct outcome suffers from low quality surface finish problem, such as jagged surface and staircase effect. This

This paper addresses the effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatment (HT) on the residual porosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the heat-resistant EP741NP nickel alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The structural evolution was studied by X-ray powder diffraction, optical microscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Special focus

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has enabled the realization of custom products with intricate geometric features that are either too complex or even intractable for subtractive manufacturing processes. On the other hand, owing to their relatively poor roughness, functional surfaces generated in AM have to be often finish machined. This research explored the prospect of turning this limitation around by

The complexity of biological architectures (tissue or organ) attracts extensive use of additive manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering scaffolding. A step forward, to ensure precise control over the architecture-based distribution and activities of cells, cell-laden 3D bioprinting is in focused research at present for the regeneration of the tissue or organ. The process should ensure maximum

Additive manufacturing offers the ability to fabricate complex structures without the need for expensive tooling which is very attractive for manufacturing of structural composites. One limitation of additive manufacturing technologies hindering their adoption in high-performance structural composites is the lack of compatible high operating temperature thermosetting resins with robust thermo-oxidative

Metals and alloys fabricated by fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, undergo complex dynamics of melting and solidification, presenting challenges to the effective control of grain structure. Herein, we report on the use of high-intensity ultrasound that controls the process of solidification during AM of 316 L stainless steel. We find that the use of ultrasound favours the columnar-to-equiaxed

Laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF) technology is one of the additive manufacturing (AM) processes that uses metal powder to produce parts for various industry sectors such as medical, aerospace, automotive and oil&gas. As an ‘additive’ based process, the material is selectively melted by a focused laser. By this working principle material is added in a layer-by-layer approach only where is needed. Therefore

Specific strength (strength/density) is a crucial factor while designing high load-bearing structures for aerospace and defense applications. The strength of the material can be enhanced by blending it with high strength components and/or fillers, but both options have limitations, such as that the materials can still fail due to poor filler and matrix interactions. Therefore, there is a great interest

Metal additive manufacturing is a rapidly expanding area owing to its capacity to fabricate parts of intricate geometries with customized features for a wide range of applications. However, these parts generally exhibit inadequate and poor surface quality in the as-built configuration. The surface imperfections and defects ranging from staircase effect due to the layer by layer nature of the deposition

Additive manufacturing has recently begun to explore its role in the composites industry, utilizing the capability of complex fiber placement and part geometry to further reduce the weight of composite structures. Additively manufactured (AM) thermoplastic composites suffer weak interlayer bonding and high void contents. This study investigates the use of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) to post-process

Laser Powder-Bed Fusion (L-PBF), often called selective laser melting (SLM), is a powder-bed fusion process in Additive Manufacturing (AM) that uses a laser beam to selectively fuse layers of powder into near net-shape components with little porosity. However, inconsistencies in the part properties due to the presence of defects in as-built components have hindered the widespread adoption of L-PBF

Lattice materials built via additive manufacturing feature process-induced defects that impact their mechanical properties and optimum design. This work presents a methodology to integrate geometric defects in a density-based formulation for topology optimization of additively built lattice materials. The method combines imperfect unit cell models capturing their geometric defects with a homogenization

Direct ink writing (DIW) of graphite-epoxy composites has gained significant importance in a number of applications in fabricating highly conductive free-standing 3D structures. Processing of the composite inks which consist of highly loaded graphene platelets first involves a detailed understanding of the underlying rheological properties. However, little is known about the effect of processing/print

On-machine, optical imaging of the layer is bound to play an important role in the development of future in-process monitoring solutions for fused filament fabrication. In addition to detecting layer internal defects, layer imaging offers the possibility to retrieve the outer contours of a layer and thus three-dimensionally reconstruct the side walls of a part by vertically stacking contours belonging

Due to the aging hardening nature of Cu-15 Ni-8Sn alloy, it is necessary to investigate the effect of aging on the properties of SLM-manufactured Cu-15 Ni-8Sn alloy. In the present work, first, microstructural evolution of the alloys that underwent the direct aging treatment, solution treatment, and solution treatment plus aging are investigated in detail using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and

Isotactic polypropylene homopolymer (iPP) and copolymer (CoPP) were comparatively investigated for selective laser sintering (SLS). The processability of the polymer powders was evaluated in terms of powder morphology, powder flowability, melting behavior, and crystallization kinetics. An isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) testing protocol was employed as an effective and efficient

The usage of an appropriate shield gas for laser beam powder bed fusion (LB-PBF) of the popular 17−4 precipitation hardened (PH) stainless steel (SS) has long been debated in the additive manufacturing (AM) community. While the inertness of Ar is often desirable as the shield gas from unwanted chemical reactions, its low solubility combined with the violent nature of the melt pool inevitably results

Epitaxial columnar grain growth is a prevalent microstructural feature in the additive manufacturing (AM) of metal components such as Inconel, with cubic unit cell crystal lattice structure (face centered cubic (FCC) or body centered cubic (BCC)). These columnar grains evolve from the partly molten grains in the substrate or the solidified metal. This work proposes an efficient model to simulate the

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a near net shaped additive manufacturing process. Parts processed by SLM can experience dynamic loading and high temperature in service, in applications such as defence, aerospace, automotive and high-speed machining. This study investigates the dynamic behaviour of SLM-processed and heat treated eutectic AlSi12 alloy under compression. The dynamic high strain rate