Major faults arise in power converters mainly due to faulty MOSFET switches, diode and electrolyte capacitors. Converter with fault tolerant circuit improves the overall reliability of DC‐DC converter. We develop a self‐test configuration that identifies the faults in analog to digital converter (ADC), DC to DC converter and battery. IEEE 21451 standard‐based interface is implemented to develop a knowledge‐based

The design of modern‐day high‐frequency devices and circuits, including microwave/RF, antenna and photonic components, historically has relied on full‐wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools. Initially used for design verification, EM simulations are nowadays used in the design process itself, for example, for finding optimum values of geometry and/or material parameters of the structures of interest

In this paper, a novel Instantaneous Symmetrical Component Active Power theory with Finite Control State based Model Predictive Control (ISCAP‐FCS‐MPC) strategy is proposed for Distribution‐Static‐Compensator (DSTATCOM) to enhance the power quality in distribution system. Unlike conventional control schemes, the proposed method does not necessitate modulators for switching pulse creation and the discrete

The mode‐conversion coefficient is studied to investigate the ELF wave propagation over a mixed land‐to‐sea path. As partition by the consideration of reflection influence from the ionosphere layer, we assume the propagation can be regarded as being subjected to two different models over mixed paths, in terms of the propagation distance in the range of ELF far‐field and near‐field regions, respectively

Quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) is a transistor‐less technology to implement the nanoscale circuit designs. QCA circuits are fast, highly dense and dissipate less energy as compared to widely used complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this paper, a novel structure for digital comparator using QCA nanotechnology is proposed. Digital comparator is a basic and important module

This work reports contact engineered charge plasma junctionless transistor (CE‐CP‐JLT) to suppress the tunneling leakage current by deploying calibrated exhaustive 2‐D TCAD simulations. This analysis considered the detrimental effect due to the nonohmic source and drain side contacts by including universal Schottky tunneling and band‐to‐band tunneling models. Our study suggests to reduce the source/drain

In this work, performance analysis of functionalized silicene nanoribbons‐ (SiNRs) based photodetector is evaluated using Atomistix Tool kit software. The functionalized SiNRs were obtained by co‐decorating them with lithium atoms on one side and chlorine atoms on the other side. The performance of photodetector is analyzed in terms of spectral response, responsivity and detectivity, which are found

This paper proposes a model to allocate photovoltaic unit (PVU) and distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) that incorporate the operation effect of PVU in sizing and sitting problem. The model is based on the dynamic assessment of PVU production and the effect of it on placement of PVU and DSTATCOM. Geographical conditions are interfered in placement problem of PVU and DSTATCOM simultaneously.

Decreasing Drain‐Induced‐Barrier‐Lowering (DIBL) is one of the nondesirable short‐channel effects, causes the threshold voltage of the transistor to be reduced by increasing the drain voltage. DIBL makes it impossible for engineers to consider VT as a constant, and it is necessary to calculate VT as a function of the drain voltage. Therefore, to consider the DIBL effect in the design of ICs, a large

In this paper, an efficient hybrid method is proposed for transient analysis of an overhead line equipped with a grounded arrester. The proposed method adopts a nonlinear equivalent circuit consisting of linear and nonlinear parts respectively associated with the overhead line and the arrester. In the first part of the paper, an intelligent model based on qualitative concepts in electromagnetics is

In this paper, a three‐dimensional transient thermal simulation algorithm based on spectral element method is proposed. This algorithm uses distorted hexahedron for mesh generation, which not only keeps the high efficiency of hexahedron element calculation, but also improves the flexibility of mesh generation. It supports efficient forward difference and unconditionally stable backward difference in

In an electrostatic simulation, an equipotential condition with an undefined/floating potential value has to be enforced on the surface of an isolated conductor. If this conductor is charged, a nonzero charge condition is also required. While implementation of these conditions using a traditional finite element method (FEM) is not straightforward, they can be easily discretized and incorporated within

In this paper, we construct an extended Bogoyavlenskii‐Kadomtsev‐Petviashvili (eBKP) equation. We use the Painlevé analysis to justify the integrability of the eBKP equation. We also examine the integrability of a related extended CBS equation. We derive multiple soliton solutions via using the Hirota's direct method. In addition, a variety of exact solutions, that include singular kink solutions,

Steady‐state forecasting is indispensable for power system planning and operation. A forecasting model for inputs considering their historical record is a preliminary step for such type of studies. Since the historical data quality is decisive in edifice an accurate forecasting model, data preprocessing is essential. Primarily, the quality of raw data is affected by the presence of outliers, and preprocessing

In order to quickly analyze discontinuity or periodic structure transmission characteristics, the combination of finite‐difference time‐domain method and singular value decomposition is applied. A double‐ridge waveguide (WRD) and its improvement are studied. According to the simulation results about propagation constant and eigen‐functions, the transmission performance of WRD can be improved by adding

The purpose of this invited paper is to give readers a critical and comprehensive overview on how to extract dielectric properties of a bioliquid within a broad frequency range. Two sensors are used in the paper to characterize saline solutions by measuring the broadband complex permittivity. The two sensors are based on transmission line and interdigital electrodes designed for low‐ and high‐ frequency

The paper addresses the problem of computationally efficient electromagnetic (EM)‐driven design closure of antenna structures. The foundations of the presented approach are fast kriging interpolation metamodels, utilized for two purposes: (a) producing a good starting point for further parameter tuning, and (b) yielding a reasonable Jacobian matrix estimate to jump‐start the optimization procedure

In this paper, a new Z‐shaped gate TFET structure is proposed with an n+ horizontal pocket insertion beneath the source. The Z‐TFET structure provides higher ON current by 2‐decades as compared to conventional TFET due to the vertical tunneling and presence of HfO2 gate oxide. Similarly, the ambipolar current reduces by 2‐decades without affecting subthreshold swing (SS) and OFF current significantly

The article presents circular ring antenna loaded with triangular shaped fractals covers wide band communication systems. The proposed antenna consists of circular ring‐shaped antenna with three concentric ring‐shaped fractals are loaded inside the ring. It is designed and provides the fractional bandwidth of about 116%. The designed modal is equipped with a ground plane antenna is loaded with parasitic

The paper presents a novel efficient encoding and decoding method for self‐correction and anti‐interference used in big data product tracing system based on the cyclic code theory. The principle of constructing code set is first illustrated. Then the specific encoding and decoding methods suitable for the algebra rules are invented in sequence for efficiency. At last, to test the new coding system

This paper presents a fuzzy predictive‐proportional integral derivative (FP‐PID) controller approach for automatic generation controller (AGC). This new AGC approach aims to balance the total generating system without any power losses and load changes in keeping constant system frequency per tie‐lie power flow. But, a sudden load variation in multi‐area Interconnected power system (MIPS) creates nonlinearities

The paper presents a theoretical study of a rectangular electrical network built on two layers. First, the auxiliary source notion is introduced for characterizing the potential difference over each electrical element, then the mathematical formalism of the Wave Concept Iterative Process method is developed and adopted to the studied circuit. The used method is based on the concept of the incident

This article focuses on comparison and improvements of techniques for conductivity image reconstruction in magnetic induction tomography (MIT). MIT imaging modality is a noncontact, portable, and inexpensive tool. In previous studies, generally, the real part (in‐phase component) and the imaginary part (quadrature component) of the induced voltages have been used in low‐ and high‐contrast conductivity

We present a new method for the explicit evaluation of single and double layers involved in a boundary element method to solve Maxwell's equations in the harmonic regime. This is an analytical method.

This paper provides an overview of the developments in microwave diamond field‐effect transistor (D‐FET) technologies. Due to the ultrawide‐bandgap and high carrier velocity and thermal conductivity of diamond, it is a potential candidate for microwave power devices with high output power and operating frequency. Here, the properties of semiconductor materials for microwave applications are described

A quasi‐static approach based on lumped equivalent circuits is presented and investigated for an efficient numerical analysis of miniature RF circuits. In this approach, the static capacitances and inductances including mutual capacitances and inductances of individual circuit components are first evaluated using the finite element method. An equivalent lumped circuit based on the calculated capacitances

Microgrids (MGs) as a key building block of smart grids have been emerged to address the proliferation of distributed energy resources. In grid‐connected MGs, dynamic economic load dispatch (DELD) module determines optimal schedule of distributed energy resources and adjustable loads and power to be exchanged with upstream grid, while all operational constraints of the MG are respected. DELD in MGs

In this paper, a novel β‐Ga2O3 high electron mobility transistor (BGO‐HEMT) with record‐high intrinsic unity current gain cut‐off frequency (fT) of 166 GHz and RF output power (POUT) of 2.91 W/mm is demonstrated through 2D device simulations using an appropriate negative differential mobility model. The highly scaled proposed device uses 10 nm AlN barrier layer on 50 nm β‐Ga2O3 buffer with gate‐length

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we are pleased to present a selection of papers related to the 11th International Symposium on Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF 2018) held in Darmstadt, Germany, on 10‐12 April, 2018. The EMF Symposium series, whose first edition was held in Liège, Belgium, in 1992, aims at building a bridge between recent research advances in mathematical and numerical modelling

Cutting of electrical steel sheets typically deteriorates the permeability and increases the iron loss close to the cutting edges. We estimated iron losses in the cross‐section of electrical steel sheets by numerically solving the 1‐D and 2‐D eddy‐current distributions while accounting for static magnetic behaviour with a hysteresis model. The magnetization curves in the cross‐section are defined using

Symbolic circuit analysis suffers as the symbolic terms increases by many folds with the increase in the size of the circuit. Hence simplification techniques are used for the analysis of the circuits which are larger in size. In this work, multi‐objective evolutionary optimisation algorithms for obtaining simplified symbolic expressions of analog amplifier circuits are presented which are not only

In this paper, a two‐dimensional (2‐D) center channel potential based subthreshold current (SC) and subthreshold swing (SS) are developed analytically for strained‐Si (s‐Si) graded‐channel dual‐material double gate (GC‐DMDG) MOSFET with interface charges. The proposed analytical model is extracted by solving 2‐D Poisson equation in s‐Si graded‐channel using appropriate boundary conditions. The analytical

In this study, we propose a SPICE model of p ‐channel silicon tunneling field‐effect transistors (TFETs) for logic applications. To verify our model, electrical characteristics of fabricated p ‐TFETs are calibrated by utilizing TCAD and SPICE simulations. We simulate various logic gates, such as complementary TFET (c ‐TFET) inverters, c ‐TFET NAND gates, and c ‐TFET NOR gates using our TFET model.

In this paper, a new active power loss allocation (LA) technique is proposed for allocation of network losses among its participants in a deregulated power environment. This method employs a forward‐backward sweep (FBS) based numerical technique for system load flow (LF) and power loss calculation with/without distributed generators (DGs). The complexity lying with the decomposition of cross‐term of

This paper proposes the model and design of optimal utilization of grid connected Micro Grid (MG) system with Enhanced Fruit fly Optimization with Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (EFO‐GBDT) based controller technique. The integration (modeling and design) of high performance converter topology is formulated with the consideration of enhanced converter efficiency, effective implementation, source of

This article presents a set of ring oscillators design using three types of inverters. Symbolical delay calculations are performed and dependency on the supply voltage is investigated for each inverter. Based on delay descriptions, combined structures show the potential to behave more stable than simple structures. Mostly combined structures reduce speed as the cost of realizing less sensitive circuits

In this work, we design and simulate a new class AB second generation current conveyor (CCII) employing 32 nm technology node carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET). The performance of the proposed CNTFET based class AB CCII (CNTFET‐CCII) has been optimized by altering the number of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (N), CNT pitch (S), and CNT diameter (D CNT). The proposed CCII has been compared

This study, describes the design problem of a thinned multiple concentric elliptical arrays of uniformly excited isotropic antennas using meta‐heuristic optimization algorithms; Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) and Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) algorithm. Two simulations are performed here. In simulation 1, the synthesis of the thinned array structure is presented

In this work, a generalized form for the augmented electric field integral equation with perturbation method is studied. By implementing Taylor expansion on all the frequency‐dependent matrix terms and the unknowns, the current coefficients on each frequency order can be obtained in the perturbation method, where the accuracy can be guaranteed near the zero frequency or within the static frequency

This paper presents a new wideband inductorless CMOS transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for 10Gb/s applications. In this proposed TIA, inverter‐based common‐drain active feedback topology is modified by introducing a cascode transistor to reduce input impedance. Furthermore, capacitive degeneration and negative capacitance techniques are employed by using a single capacitor. Both techniques extend the

The utility company enforces a limit on the amount of energy injected into the utility grid from residential renewable plants due to the stability/protection concerns caused by the reverse power flow. Under this scenario, a proper load scheduling at the consumer end is necessary to ensure maximum renewable energy utilization during the surplus generation. This article proposes a novel objective function

Electromagnetic (EM) simulations have become an indispensable tool in the design of contemporary antennas. EM‐driven tasks, for example, parametric optimization, entail considerable computational efforts, which may be reduced by employing surrogate models. Yet, data‐driven modelling of antenna characteristics is largely hindered by the curse of dimensionality. This may be addressed using the recently

Generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) expansions are well established for forward uncertainty propagation in many application areas. Although the associated computational effort may be reduced in comparison to Monte Carlo techniques, for instance, further convergence acceleration may be important to tackle problems with high parametric sensitivities. In this work, we propose the use of conformal maps

The effects of uncertainties, primarily manufacturing tolerances but also incomplete information about operating conditions or material parameters, can be detrimental to the performance of microwave components. Quantification of such effects is essential to ensure a meaningful evaluation of the structure, in particular, its reliability under imperfect fabrication procedures. The improvement of the

The LiFi enabled smart street lighting system requires the adaptive SoC to save huge amount of power/energy for data storage, which plays an important role for any urban area development. For the above application, an energy‐efficient data‐dependent power supplied 10T SRAM cell with half‐select free read‐decoupled circuit is designed to boost stability while stacking effect controls the leakage current

Pseudospectral techniques are known as powerful tools and highly accurate solvers to deal with partial differential equations. In the current work, a local meshless technique in Pseudospectral mode is employed to deal with an interesting and general mathematical model which describes anomalous electrodiffusion of ions in spiny dendrites, the two‐dimensional variable‐order time fractional nonlinear

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have an important role in establishing the communication between the Internet of things (IoT) devices. Routing is an important research field in the WSN as it helps in finding the suitable paths for the communication. This paper proposes a multipath routing algorithm based on the optimization approach. The proposed routing algorithm has two important phases, namely,

Utilizing a double bias scheme for graphene patterns as a single layer, a THz meta‐surface structure is proposed. The structure includes two dual bias layers and a graphene continuous sheet on top. So five possible biases are available which lead to a highly tunable absorption response. All consisting parts are modeled via passive circuit elements to obtain whole device input impedance. Then impedance

In the present work, the effects of interface dipoles on channel engineering and on direct tunneling current have been studied for a double gate (DG) NMOSFET with Si and In0.53Ga0.47As as channel materials. The gate tunneling current (IG) has been calculated for both type of devices and simulation results are reported using Silvaco ATLAS 3D TCAD. A gate length of 10 nm has been used for the simulations

This paper presents a new modified variable step size Fractional Order Incremental Conductance (FOIC) with maximum power point tracking using Fractional Order PID controller tuned by bio‐inspired Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find optimal gain values of fractional integrator order (λ) and fractional derivative order (μ). The classical incremental conductance and FOIC show drawbacks under changing

Based upon the higher order (HO) concept and the convolution perfectly matched layer (CPML) formulation, the efficient and tight HO‐CPML implementation is proposed for electromagnetic (EM) simulation. The proposed formulation has the advantages of the higher order concept and the CPML in terms of enhancing absorbing performance and improving computational efficiency. Numerical examples including the

Mutual injection locking of multi‐element graphene nanoribbon impact avalanche transit time (G‐IMPATT) sources designed to operate at different millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) and terahertz frequencies has been studied. Planar circuit is used for implementing the mutual injection locking between adjacent elements of the source operating in parallel‐connected‐power‐combined mode. The static, high frequency

In this paper, a drain‐engineered double‐gate Tunnel‐FET (DE‐DG‐TFET) to enhance the electrical characteristics and analog parameters of a conventional DG‐TFET is proposed and examined through calibrated TCAD simulations. Unlike DG‐TFET, a constant n‐type doping, Ncd, (5 × 1017 cm−3 − 2 × 1018 cm−3), in the channel/drain regions of DE‐DG‐TFET is used, resulting in a p+‐n‐n structure instead of conventional

This article presents a Bayesian extension of the vector fitting (VF) procedure for rational approximation of frequency‐domain responses. The proposed method treats the linear part of VF in a Bayesian way, while propagating distributions through the nonlinear part by sampling. As such, it is capable of providing data‐driven uncertainty information along with the rational fit. The Bayesian VF technique

A novel, large‐signal behavioral modeling methodology for radio frequency power transistors, based on the modified canonical sectionwise piecewise‐linear (CSWPL) functions, is presented in this article. The basic theory of the proposed model is provided. Compared with the existing standard CSWPL model, the proposed model provides superior prediction capabilities for a reasonable increase in model complexity

The major bottleneck of electromagnetic (EM)‐driven antenna design is the high CPU cost of massive simulations required by parametric optimization, uncertainty quantification, or robust design procedures. Fast surrogate models may be employed to mitigate this issue to a certain extent. Unfortunately, the curse of dimensionality is a serious limiting factor, hindering the construction of conventional

Electromagnetic phenomena are mathematically described by solutions of boundary value problems. For exploiting symmetries of these boundary value problems in a way that is offered by techniques of dimensional reduction, it needs to be justified that the derivative in symmetry direction is constant or even vanishing. A generalized notion of symmetry can be defined with different directions at every

A p‐i‐p‐i‐n front‐illuminated Al0.4Ga0.6N‐based separate absorption and multiplication solar‐blind ultraviolet avalanche photodetector is proposed to enhance the optoelectronic performances by modulating polarization electric field based on physical simulations. By modulating the p‐AlxGa1−xN interlayer with low Al content, the direction of the polarization electric field could be achieved the same