A novel kind of wafer-like Ti3C2/Carbon nanoparticle (Ti3C2/Cnp) hybrids electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing agent with enhanced polarization loss has been designed and synthesized by in-situ growth of carbon nanoparticles (Cnps) between the layers of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXenes according to the gradient EM loss and impedance matching design principles. The growth of Cnps between Ti3C2 layers takes

The lattice structure with graded composition and microstructure in function of position, allowing for smooth transition and combination of multiple desirable features, has great prospects in various applications. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an effective approach to preparing the gradient-material lattice structure by altering the proportion of raw powder materials. In this study, in-situ TiB/Ti6Al4V

Changes in glacier facies (glacier zones), such as firn or superimposed ice (SI), are good indicators of glacier response to climate change. They are especially important for fast-warming Svalbard, where only a few glaciers are under glaciological mass balance monitoring. This paper presents a first study of changes of glacier facies extent for three tidewater glaciers located in southern Spitsbergen

Miniaturized Tensile Test (MTT), as an important type of Small Specimen Test Technology (SSTT), has gained increasing attentions in the nuclear industry and other fields. However, MTT faces great challenges because the test results may deviate from standard specimens due to specimen size effects and may exhibit large scatters caused by fabrication imperfection. In order to improve the reliability of

In this paper, we design a novel sliding mode prediction fault-tolerant control algorithm for multi-delays discrete uncertain systems with sensor fault. The global sliding surface is designed to replace the traditional linear sliding surface as a predictive model to ensure the global robustness of the system. For sensor fault and sliding mode buffeting, a power-dependent function reference trajectory

In order to strengthen and repair existing concrete structural elements, fibre-reinforced polymer composites are often externally bonded using structural adhesives. It is thus desirable to monitor the in situ performance of the sandwiched adhesive layer in such fibre-reinforced polymer–strengthened systems via its stiffness and strength gain throughout the curing process. The electromechanical impedance

For leakage identification in water distribution networks, if each node is used as a category label of the classifier model, the accuracy of the classifier model will be low because of similar leakage characteristics. By clustering the nodes with similar leakage characteristics and using all the possible combinations of leakages as the category labels of the classifier model, the accuracy of the classifier

Assuming the distance between two nodal points of a specific cable vibration mode as the effective length of a pinned–pinned cable, mode shape–aided cable tension estimation methods are employed to estimate the cable force. This article proposes a framework based on digital image correlation technique for remote measurement of the dynamic displacement time history of cables in cable structures. Frequency

Accurate temperature measurement is a crucial aspect of structural health monitoring and prognosis. Conventional temperature measurement devices are either incapable of measuring subsurface temperatures in solids or need to be invasively installed. This study investigates the use of an ultrasonic technique for non-invasive measurement of subsurface temperatures in steel components; the temperature

Despite the growing popularity of 802.11 wireless networks, users often suffer from connectivity problems and performance issues due to unstable radio conditions and dynamic user behavior, among other reasons. Anomaly detection and distinction are in the thick of major challenges that network managers encounter. The difficulty of monitoring broad and complex Wireless Local Area Networks, that often

When abnormal events occur in a nuclear power plant, operators must conduct appropriate abnormal operating procedures. It is burdensome though for operators to choose the appropriate procedure considering the numerous main plant parameters and hundreds of alarms that should be judged in a short time. Recently, various research has applied deep-learning algorithms to support this problem by classifying

Additives are important components to reduce friction and wear of tribological systems. Zinc dithiophosphate (ZDDP), the most commonly used anti-wear additive prevents the tribological system from the friction and wear loss without any commercially available antagonist additive. However, its environmentally harmful content enforces to lubricating oil manufacturers to replace it with an alternative

We establish Freidlin–Wentzell results for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation starting close to the stable state 0, say, subject to a perturbation by a stochastic integral which is driven by an 𝜀-small and (1/𝜀)-accelerated Lévy process with exponentially light jumps. For this purpose, we derive a large deviations principle for the stochastically perturbed system using the weak convergence

Freeze-thaw action has caused many engineering geology disasters in cold regions, such as frost cracking of tunnel and pavement, rockfall of rock slope, falling off of building materials. The freeze-thaw damage of porous rock is mainly induced by the frost heaving pressure due to pore water freezing. Although some elastic crystallization theories have been proposed to model the freezing process of

This paper reports the results of an experimental study of the degradation in fire protection performance of intumescent coating for steel elements after different times of accelerated weathering aging. The physical and chemical changes of the coatings during the aging process were investigated. The surface of the aged samples was found to become rough, powdered and embrittled, the fire resistance

Undetected faults in heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM) are associated with unwanted failures. Dragline is an HEMM used in coal mining for removal of overburden and dumping it into de-coaled area. Failure of dragline contributed to total downtime of 4955 h in 28-month (2014–16) period and 50% of these downtimes were contributed by its drag system alone. The symptoms those exceeded threshold limit

A fatigue prediction method considering shrinkage cavity, secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and mean stress level is presented in the paper. Firstly, the casting process of an aluminum alloy wheel is simulated based on ProCAST software. And the data of SDAS and porosity of different parts are predicted based on the solidification process. Then the data mapping algorithm between tetrahedral mesh

Nowadays the use of thin-walled structures is widely accepted. The main reason for this is low weight and high resistance of these structures. In order to reduce the weight and cost of the structure, cylindrical steel tanks can be made in variable thickness. In general, foundation's settlement occur beneath the reservoir walls due to specific soil properties, which are divided into three general components:

Reducible state variables are important for the study of reduced-order observer and control design of logical control networks (LCNs). This paper studies the number of reducible state variables of LCNs. Based on the upper bound of reducible state variables, several sufficient/necessary conditions are presented for the number of reducible state variables. In addition, using the regular subspace theory

Alternative cascade systems comprising of three, four, and five PCMs, PCM-graphite-PCM and a graphite system were compared with two-tank sensible heat storage systems. Numerical methods including an in-house code and Fluent were used to predict the transient heat transfer during the charging and discharging processes up to 6 h and 10 h, respectively. Energy and exergy analysis assisted in finding the

Hydro-processed renewable jet fuels (HRJs) have been proposed to reduce aircraft emissions. In order for HRJs to compete with petrochemical aviation fuel, it is necessary to improve their energy utilization and reduce their energy dissipation. This can reduce the energy cost for a commercial plant that hydro-processes renewable jet fuel. In this study, exergy and pinch analyses are performed to demonstrate

In the present study, the effect of the inclination angle (ɵ) of a shell and helically coiled tube heat exchanger (SHCT-HE) on its performance utilizing based water, Al2O3/water, and SiO2/water nanofluids is investigated experimentally. The hot based water as well as nanofluids with volume concentrations (ϕ) of 0.1 vol%, 0.2 vol%, and 0.3 vol% flow through the coiled tube with a coil Reynolds number

In this study, a novel cooling strategy based on setting spoilers in the airflow distribution plenum of a parallel air-cooling model was proposed to improve the cooling performance of a battery cooling system. In combination with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the effects of the number and position of spoilers on the thermal behaviors of a battery thermal management system (BTMS) were

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a highly used polymer in the medical field due to its properties such as good mechanical strength, high hardness, good chemical resistance, and excellent biocompatibility. UHMWPE is used for the manufacturing of acetabular cups in hip-joint implantation. For enhancing the life span and functionality of hip implants, the uniform fine surface finish