High early strength (HES) concrete patching materials are increasingly used to repair damaged pavements. The use of HES concrete enables the repaired pavement to be opened to traffic shortly after the repair has been installed; for example, opening pavements to traffic 4–6 h after the concrete is placed is becoming more common. HES concrete mixtures are typically designed with a low water-to-cement

Many intersection project sites in North Carolina, and probably across the U.S., have asymmetric conditions. There is typically heavier demand from one approach than the others, right of way is more restricted in one or two quadrants than in the others, pedestrian demand is concentrated in one crosswalk, and so forth. However, the literature on alternative intersections and the software that planners

Cold in-place recycling, cold central plant recycling, and full depth reclamation are cost-effective, environmentally conscious pavement rehabilitation or reconstruction techniques. Although these techniques are not new, they have not been widely adopted among state agencies. There has, however, been a recent resurgence in interest in these techniques. To date there are no national specification guidelines

Before thinking about implementing new transportation services, it is essential to assess the performances of the available ones and to develop an objective diagnosis of the adequacy between transportation supply and demand. This paper focuses on the refinement of a spatial–temporal clustering process able to encapsulate the spatial distribution of travel demand and supply. It illustrates the potential

Manual traffic control (MTC) is a common intersection control strategy where trained personnel, typically police law enforcement officers, allocate intersection right-of-way to approaching vehicles. MTC is frequently used for special events and during emergencies. However, the current state-of-the-practice has shown little research that quantifies or assesses the benefits of MTC during evacuations

As the world rapidly urbanizes in pace with economic growth, the rising demand for products and services in cities is putting a strain on the existing road infrastructure, leading to traffic congestion and other negative externalities. To mitigate the impacts of freight movement within commercial areas, city planners have begun focusing their attention on the parking behaviors of commercial vehicles

Older drivers remain overrepresented in intersection crashes. Previous evidence suggests that the primary reason for this lies with their lack of scanning for potential threat vehicles while entering stop-controlled intersections. More so, secondary glances prove critical when the conditions obscure potential threat vehicles while approaching the intersection. Currently, simulator-based older driver

Unsafe acts are a primary cause of maritime accidents, but timely reminders can evaluate improper behavior and provide alerts to prompt correction. This paper investigates whether timely reminders can discourage unsafe acts. First, data in relation to participants’ unsafe acts according to different psychological frames were collected on the basis of an experiment conducted on a navigation simulator

Given the growing influence of technology and innovation, the skill set and knowledge required of today’s transportation engineering professional includes many different subject areas. For this reason, transportation engineers and managers alike must constantly seek out workforce development opportunities to expand either their learning or the skill set of their employees. This study examined transportation

Improved bicycle infrastructure has become increasingly common in the United States as cities seek to attract new riders, including the demographic who do not feel comfortable riding with motor vehicle traffic. A key tool in designing low-stress networks is the use of separated or protected bicycle lanes, and intersections are the critical links. This paper presents an analysis of the perceived level

Many people criticize the inequity of traditional taxi (TT) services and believe the entry of ride-hailing taxis (RT) can address the issue. However, this has been understudied in the literature. This paper aims to estimate the equity of TT and RT services during peak hours and to study how the entry of RT affects equity by analyzing trip data of TT and RT in New York City in 2010 and 2017 (before

Triaxial tests are used extensively to evaluate stress-strain behavior for both saturated and unsaturated soils. A literature review indicates that all conventional triaxial test methods measure the relative volume of soil; however, between the initial measurements and the start of the triaxial tests, there are unavoidably disturbances during installation that cause deviation of soil volume from that

In the medium-term, the number of semi-autonomous vehicles is expected to rise significantly. These changes in vehicle capabilities make it necessary to analyze their interaction with road infrastructure, which has been developed for human-driven vehicles. Current systems use artificial vision, recording the oncoming road and using the center and edgeline road markings to automatically facilitate keeping

The “85th percentile rule” is commonly used to set speed limits in jurisdictions across the U.S. Modern interpretations of the rule are that it satisfies key conditions needed for safe roadways: it sets speed limits deemed reasonable to the typical, prudent driver, reduces the problematic variance in travel speeds among vehicles, and allows law enforcement to focus on speeding outliers. Authoritative

Bridges are critical for the mobility of our society and its economic growth. Available funds for bridge repair, maintenance, and rehabilitation are limited. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) introduced several new parameters for improving the management of bridge assets, such as bridge element evaluation, life-cycle analysis, and risk-based performance indicators. Risk-based

Dry-stone masonry retaining walls are vulnerable to bulging and leaning because of the lack of cohesion between stones. Currently, the structural integrity of these walls is mainly assessed by qualitative judgments informed by visual inspections. Photogrammetry has the potential to increase the quality and objectivity of retaining wall inspections. This technology uses a series of images to generate

In recent decades, a major shift in the land use pattern has been observed in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. To understand and model the impact of these land use changes on transportation demand, this study aimed to determine the trip generation rates for six different land use categories adjacent to Mirpur Road in Dhaka. A total of 20 establishments consisting of six land use categories were

A new, side-mounted, steel beam-and-post bridge rail was designed, crash tested, and evaluated according to safety performance guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) for Test Level 4 (TL-4). The new bridge rail system was designed to be compatible with multiple bridge decks, including cast-in-place concrete

Asphalt concrete (AC) aging reduces the resistance of flexible pavements to fatigue, thermal, and block cracking. Therefore, it is critical to understand the effects of AC aging on flexible pavement serviceability. Binder source has a significant effect on AC long-term aging. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a reliable, practical, and systematic method to quantify the effect of binder source on

Crash severity of a hazardous material (HAZMAT) transporting truck increases manyfold compared with normal truck crash because of the possible exposure to dangerous substances. Crashes which involve a HAZMAT truck might result in a catastrophic incident causing horrendous damage to individuals involved in the crash. In-transit HAZMAT crashes in Wyoming caused a total damage of $3.1 million from 2015

This study used the bus incident data in Victoria, Australia to establish the relationship between operational characteristics and the safety performance of bus operators. A series of count models were investigated to account for methodological challenges, including excess zeros and panel data structure. The empirical results highlighted the different effects operational characteristics had on the

For almost a century, several models have been developed to calibrate the pairwise relationship between traffic flow variables, that is, speed, density, and flow. Multi-regime models are well known for being superior over single-regime models in fitting the speed–density relationship. However, in modeling multi-regime models, breakpoints that separate the regimes are visually established based on the

The main purpose of this work is to generate optimal trajectories for vehicles crossing a signalized junction, with traffic signals operated in either fixed-time or real-time (adaptive) mode. In the latter case, the next switching time is decided in real time based on the prevailing traffic conditions and is therefore uncertain in advance. The GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) problem is addressed

Extensive research has shown that unilateral optimization of transit systems is not effective enough to significantly increase its transport efficiency. Considering that urban land-use characteristics, including residential, work, consumption, transit, and so forth, are significantly interrelated with travel demands and travel behaviors, this paper provides a way to optimize transit system by raising

The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is one of the material properties of concrete that has the largest impact on rigid pavement performance. Concrete CTE is typically measured in the laboratory, under saturated conditions, or estimated on the basis of the mix constituents, past experience, or both. Whichever method is used, the mechanistic-empirical design of concrete pavements traditionally

Quasi-induced exposure (QIE) is an effective technique for estimating the exposure of a specific driving or vehicle population when real exposure data are not available. Typically crash prediction models are carried out at the site level, that is, segment or intersection. Driving population characteristics are generally not available at this level, however, and thus are omitted from count models. Because

A systematic maintenance process is essential to keeping railway systems safe and reliable. However, performing such maintenance is costly and often results in system disruption. There is a tradeoff between system safety and budgetary constraints; understanding the condition of the track infrastructure is essential to find the balance between needs and costs for decisions about when to perform maintenance

Micro-simulation packages provide an efficient and systematic approach to depicting traffic dynamics. Nonetheless, many of these models used by the micro-simulation packages are only calibrated with respect to observed traffic indicators such as average speed, traffic count, and so forth, while omitting non-traffic indicators. This paper aims to investigate the performance of VISSIM and TransModeler

Recent traffic trends and permit issuance show significant mobility demands in the energy sectors across the nation. The increase in the axle loads and frequency of operations of over-weight (OW) trucks resulted in severe damage to transportation infrastructures. Traditionally, the damage imparted by OW vehicles has been quantified by means of the equivalent axle load factors (EALFs) concept. However

Using a lexicometric and qualitative data analysis of 57 semi-directed interviews with members of non-motorized households in the urban areas of Quebec City (Canada) and Strasbourg (France), this paper attempts to show whether living in a carless household in a car-dependent environment fosters feelings of social exclusion and if so, what the contributing factors are. Overall, a majority of respondents

The effects of transit ridership determinants can be quantified as demand elasticities which are often used to inform transit planning and policy making. This study seeks to determine the impacts of transit service supply, fare, and gas prices on ridership by quantifying the short-run and long-run demand elasticities, as well as test whether transit ridership exhibits an asymmetric response to the

Link cost function and link capacity are critical factors in traffic assignment modeling. Popular link cost functions like the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function have well-known drawbacks and are not suitable for mixed traffic conditions where a variety of vehicle classes use the road in a non-lane-based movement. Similarly, capacity is generally considered as a constant value. However, in mixed

The modeling of driver speed choice behavior on a rural highway with heterogeneous traffic environment in a developing country is reported. The study explores the application of a latent class model as an alternative methodological approach, to relate factors such as road geometry, roadside environment, traffic mix and operational characteristics with speed choice at the micro level. In the conventional

A Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH)-compliant Test Level 4 (TL-4) concrete bridge rail was optimized to satisfy MASH TL-4 design loads, maximize vehicle stability, minimize installation costs, and mitigate the potential for deck damage by minimizing loads transfer to the deck. Additionally, the bridge rail was designed with a 39 in. installation height so that it would remain crashworthy

The main goal of this study was to assess methodologies for the determination of base structural layer coefficients (SLCs) in Florida base materials. The aim was to streamline the traditional empirical and observationally based technique for determining layer coefficients either by an accelerated loading process or by the computer simulation of pavement performance. The paper describes a methodology

A large-scale naturalistic vehicle trajectory dataset from German highways, highD, was used to investigate the car-following behavior of individual drivers. These data include trajectories of 110,000 vehicles recorded for a duration of 16.5 h. Solving a nonlinear optimization problem, the intelligent driver model and the optimal velocity model with two leaders in interaction were calibrated by minimizing

The new concept of virtual coupling (VC) envisages autonomous trains running in radio-connected platoons to significantly improve railway capacity and address the forecasted increase in railway demand. Such a concept will introduce radical changes to current train services, technologies, and procedures, which calls for a deeper understanding of the possible modes of operation and the impacts on the

Governments worldwide are aiming to increase sustainable mode use to increase sustainability, livability, and accessibility. Integration of bicycle and transit can increase catchment areas of transit compared with walking and thus provide better competition to non-sustainable modes. To achieve this, effective measures have to be designed that require a better understanding of the factors influencing

Open graded asphalt friction courses (OGAFCs) are specialty asphalt mixtures used to improve skid resistance and surface drainage. OGAFCs have additional benefits of reduced splash and spray, and lower tire–pavement interaction noise. Prolonged exposure to rainwater and load transfer through stone-on-stone contact in OGAFCs demands aggregates that are strong and hydrophobic. Rainwater acidity is expected

Stormwater management ponds are common best management practice (BMP) and green infrastructure (GI) for flood attenuation and water quality treatment in highway projects. Originally designed to provide storage volume for flood detention, stormwater ponds today often employ additional retention volume at pond bottom in a hope to improve water quality via sedimentation and other pollutant-removal mechanisms

Time-dependent origin–destination (OD) demand estimation using link traffic data in a large-scale network is a highly underdetermined problem. As a result, providing an accurate initial solution is crucial for obtaining a more reliable estimated demand. In this paper, we discuss the necessity of having a comprehensive demand profiling model that considers the spatial differences of OD pairs and we

This paper presents a methodology for enhancing discrete choice models for managed lane travel behavior with personal trip history. We refer to this process as personalization and the enhanced model as a personalized choice model. With the objective of better understanding managed lane choices and improving the model’s prediction capability, personalization was carried out at two levels. First, we

Mobility as a service (MaaS) seeks to integrate emerging shared mobility modes with existing public transportation (PT). Decisive to its uptake will be attractive subscription plans that cater for heterogeneous mobility needs. Research on willingness to pay for such plans has commenced, yet remains divided on a central question: how much to include of which mode, and how? Complementing previous research

A vehicle specific power (VSP) modal model and the MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) Operating Mode (OpMode) model have been used to evaluate and quantify the fuel use and emission rates (FUERs) for on-road vehicles. These models bin second-by-second FUERs based on factors such as VSP, speed, and others. The validity of binning approaches depends on their precision and accuracy in predicting

Geosynthetic reinforced pile-supported (GRPS) embankment is widely used in the construction of high-speed railways on soft foundations. Arching effect, which is a common phenomenon in the system involving soil-structure interaction, is considered a key factor in the design of GRPS embankment. Its performance has been found inevitably to affect the post-construction settlement and bearing capacity of

Many of the existing multi-span simply supported bridges in New York State, U.S., are susceptible to earthquake damage and need to be retrofitted to reduce their seismic risk. In this study, seismic retrofit of a five-span simply supported bridge with typical high-type fixed and expansion steel rocker bearings is conducted. A refined three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of the bridge is developed

The objective of this study was to qualitatively measure the cracking mechanism of asphalt-rubber gap-graded (AR-Gap) mixtures and compare the methodical approach proposed in this research with the conventional fatigue process. As part of experimentation plan, dynamic a semi-circular bending (SCB) test was conducted on 27 AR-Gap mixtures with varying mix parameters, including, binder type, binder content

Guidance tactile walking surface indicators (TWSIs), typically a surface of raised bars, are used internationally to provide location and directional information at crosswalks to pedestrians who are blind. The bars are installed across the sidewalk, with the bars perpendicular to the travel path on the sidewalk and parallel to the direction of travel on the crosswalk. In the U.S., there has been little

Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technologies allow binder softening for compaction benefits. Lower production temperature also causes reduced short-term aging in WMA. Considering the long-term implication of the reduced aging and binder softening, WMA is being questioned about its rutting characteristics. As such, this study evaluates different WMA technologies for rutting characteristics in comparison to traditional

The objective of this paper is to highlight important differences between taxis and transportation network companies (TNCs) in a large urban area. We analyze the publicly available dataset from Chicago which includes taxi and transportation network company (TNC) utilization and the level of service measures from five months in 2013–2014 and the same five months in 2018–2019. We compare and contrast

Evaluating a regional traffic control system requires understanding both the advantages and disadvantages of control schemes as well as the interrelated characteristics of the system. To assess the efficiency of regional signal control schemes in a road network, this study, which is based on the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) concept, proposes four evaluative indicators: maximum throughput,

If we expand roadway capacity, more drivers will come, or so economic theory suggests and a substantial body of empirical research now shows. Despite strong evidence, the “induced travel” effect is often ignored, underestimated, or misestimated in the planning process, particularly in the assessment of the environmental impacts of roadway capacity expansions. Underestimating induced travel will generally

The latest transportation law in the United States continues to put emphasis on a performance management approach similar to the previous one. Since the transportation performance management rules were made in 2017, limited work has been done to understand the travel time reliability on the national highway system (NHS) and the factors influencing it. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing

One of the main challenges for road authorities is to maintain the quality of the road infrastructure. Road anomalies can have a significant impact on traffic flow, the condition of vehicles, and the comfort of occupants of vehicles. Strategies such as pavement management systems use pavement evaluation vehicles that are equipped with state-of-the-art devices to assist road authorities in identifying

Automated vehicles (AVs) are a concrete possibility in the near future. As AVs may shift transportation paradigms, transportation agencies are eager to update their models to consider them in planning. In this context, the use of advanced models may be challenging, given the uncertainty in the use and deployment of AVs. In this paper, we present a general framework to extend the four-step model to

This paper describes the development of a multiple regression model to estimate the load rating of reinforced concrete bridges. There are over 250,000 reinforced concrete bridges in the U.S. many of which do not have a load rating on record nor the plans required to perform the calculations. The U.S. Army owns and maintains hundreds of these bridges throughout the U.S. An exploratory data analysis

Merging bottlenecks in urban expressways have attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, vehicular mandatory lane-changing (MLC) data are collected from Yingtian Avenue in Nanjing, China using cameras. Based on a series of video processing algorithms, 656 MLC behaviors of 1,560 vehicles are extracted from videos. A logistic regression model is proposed to depict MLC at the merging bottleneck

Probe vehicle trajectory data has the potential to transform the current practice of traffic signal optimization. Current scalable trajectory data is limited in both the penetration rate and the ping frequency, or the length of time between vehicle waypoints. This paper introduces a methodology to create binary vehicle trajectories which can be used in a neural network to predict when vehicles will

This study evaluated safety effects associated with converting traditional stop control (TSC) to all-way stop control (AWSC) at 53 intersections in Washington, DC. The study utilized an observational treatment group and a randomly selected comparison group. Negative binomial regression modeling was used to estimate the effect of AWSC conversion on crash outcomes, control for confounding factors, and

The broad goal of this study is to measure remote effects of cancer on brain physiology and behaviors that underpin instrumental activities of daily living such as automobile driving. Studies of hematological malignancies (HM) have demonstrated impairments in multiple brain functions shown to be critical for safe automobile driving. In the current pilot study, brain physiology during driving simulation