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A new asymmetric bar winding concept along with the analysis and benefits for high-speed traction electric machines is presented. The objective is to reduce the ac losses, especially at high speeds, utilizing optimized and asymmetric conductor heights within a slot for bar-wound stators. Detailed winding diagram, height optimization, ac loss analysis, and thermal performance are presented for both

Electrical machines (EMs) are required to consistently perform their intended mission over a specified timeframe. The move toward transportation electrification made the EMs’ reliability an even stringent and predominant requirement, since a failure might cause severe economic losses, as well as endanger human lives. Traditionally, the design procedure of motors conceived for safety-critical applications

This article proposes improved mathematical models for torque and system efficiency used toward obtaining accurate current advance angle for maximizing the efficiency of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor. First, improved torque and efficiency calculation procedure that consider the effects of parameter variations, such as inductance, stator resistance and PM flux linkage simultaneously

Dynamic performance and efficiency are critical for the interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motor drives for transportation applications. Over the past few decades, direct torque control (DTC) has attracted attention from both academia and industry, due to its advantages, such as fast dynamic response, robustness to motor parameters uncertainties, and external disturbances. To improve the efficiency of

Synchronous reluctance (SynRel) and permanent magnet (PM)-assisted SynRel (PMASynRel) machines with hyperbolic-shaped flux barriers are gaining more interest in commercialized products of known companies, because of their high saliency ratio. This article presents a faster approach for calculation of the air-gap flux density distribution and the electromagnetic torque of these machines than the finite-element

This article delves into simultaneously applying the modular stator and segmented rotor to switched reluctance motors (SRMs). In this regard, a new double-stator segmented-rotor modular SRM (DSSR-MSRM) with a new pole combination is proposed. First, the motor topology is introduced and the magnetic circuit model of the motor is analyzed. Next, the electromagnetic performances of the machine are analyzed

A control-winding direct power control (CWDPC) strategy for a dc generating system based on the five-phase dual-stator winding induction generator is proposed and investigated in this article. For this generator, the flux-oriented control is usually employed in the previous work mainly for the sake of good static performance. However, the present control strategy has the limitation of the further enhancement

This article presents an on-board charger for the electric vehicles (EVs) by integrating the drive-train components into the charging process. The stator windings of three-phase induction motor (IM) can be used as a grid interfacing inductor with the constraint that the rotor should be in the stationary position during the charging mode. This article proposes the stator winding configurations of three-phase

The adoption of two paralleled inverters using magnetically coupled inductors is an emerging and effective way to feed the three-phase load, which can be operated with interleaved or zero-common-mode (CM) pulsewidth modulation (PWM). The zero-CM PWM can significantly reduce the CM current and electromagnetic interference (EMI), but worsen the circulating current as compared to the interleaved method

Conventional model predictive control (MPC) suffers from unfixed switching frequency, heavy computational burden, and cumbersome weighting factors’ tuning, especially for multilevel inverter applications due to a large number of voltage vectors. To address these concerns, this article proposes multiple-voltage-vector (MVV) MPC algorithms with reduced complexity and fixed switching frequency for T-type

Series resonant converter can only operate efficiently within a narrow voltage gain range, which limits the use for battery charging applications. Thus, this article proposes a turn-off delay-controlled bidirectional series resonant (TFD-BSR) converter to extend the voltage gain range and enhance the efficiency. Instead of frequency modulation, the turn-off delay of the corresponding bottom switches

This article presents an improved linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) control based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to optimize the key parameters for the closed-loop control of dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters with high system uncertainty. First, the polytopic model of an uncertain DAB converter is introduced according to the simplified DAB equivalent circuit. LMIs are then used in the improved

Wide-bandgap (WBG) devices are considered to be a better alternative to silicon switches to realize high-efficiency and high-power-density power electronics converters, such as electric vehicle (EV) onboard chargers. The two major challenges of GaN devices are their relatively high cost (~5 times compared to Si) and much smaller footprint than Si, which though is preferred in the high-power-density

Electric vehicles (EVs), as part of sustainable transport, are believed to be helpful to reduce global warming. In this article, we focus on the fast-charging station (FCS) deployment problem, which is one of the key issues of the EV ecosystem. Specifically, elastic demand is considered, i.e., charging demand will be suppressed because of either long driving distance to get charging or long waiting

Plug-in electric vehicles are widely acknowledged as an effective tool for numerous environmental and economic concerns. In this article, a novel model for the planning of fast-charging stations is established based on a data-driven distributionally robust optimization approach, which aims to minimize the expected planning cost for both transportation network and distribution network. $\phi $ -divergence

The deployment of fast charging stations (FCSs) can tackle one of the main barriers to the widespread adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), i.e., the otherwise long charging time of PEVs. Moreover, feeding the demand of FCSs from renewable energy sources (RESs) can maximize the positive environmental impact of PEVs and decrease the energy costs associated with charging. However, due to their

A half-current-multiplier rectifier (HCMR) is proposed, which is capable of increasing the output filter current of phase-shifted full-bridge (PS-FB) by 1.5 times. The HCMR filter is based on an autotransformer structure and improves the valid duty cycle of the PS-FB converter by using the induced current from the common winding. The primary current will decrease rapidly during the dead time period

The reliability of DC-link capacitors in urban rail transit is considered as a major challenge because of significant maintenance impact. In this article, the DC-link capacitor reliability is researched in metro traction drive system. In the small timescale of control level, the current harmonics of multiple operating conditions and different control methods in the DC-link capacitor are discussed.

The increasing urbanization, population, and travel demand lead to a higher density of trains in subway or tramway lines, which weakens the energy-feeding dc substations of these city transportation means. Under such circumstances, voltage sags in the upstream ac grid, resistive voltage drops in dc feeders, and constant power load (CPL) nature of subway and tramway traction units can lead to momentous

The high-frequency instability (HFI) issue results in serious harmonic overvoltage phenomena in the electrification railway system. This issue is rooted in the range that is not only below, but also above half the switching frequency. The commonly used small-signal averaging model is a single-frequency model in which the corresponding frequency component with perturbation frequency is considered merely

The entropic coefficient of a lithium-ion battery cell is used to calculate the reversible heat of a battery during operation, which is a nonnegligible part of the battery thermal modeling. The contribution of this article is to propose a novel method to establish the entropic coefficient profile of a 26-Ah commercial pouch cell and compare the results with those obtained from the traditional potentiometric

In recent years, there has been a rapid change in the portfolio of road vehicles. This transformation needs to be supported by reshaping fuel stations. The existing structures can be modified to supply multiple vehicle types while utilizing renewable energies. In this article, we introduce a hybrid fuel station (HFS) to supply both electric and natural gas vehicles. We incorporate an energy hub and

In this article, to better deal with the unknown time-varying disturbance, an enhanced robust controller based on high-order extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for a dc–dc floating interleaved boost converter in fuel cell application. Within the proposed controller, the disturbance is estimated in real time using high-order ESO and then canceled in the control law. Theoretical analysis is carried

Increasing in the net output power of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems is an important aspect of improving the performance of PEMFC. In order to enhance the net output power of the PEMFC system, the maximum net power strategy of the PEMFC system is proposed. Since the PEMFC system is a nonlinear system with time delay and uncertainty, sliding mode variable structure control (SMVSC)

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are overactuated systems in that they include two power sources: a battery pack and an internal combustion engine. This feature of HEVs is exploited in this article to achieve accurate identification of battery parameters/states. By actively injecting currents, the state of charge, state of health, and other battery parameters can be estimated in a specific sequence

This article proposed a reconfigurable control scheme for articulated vehicles’ stabilization by leveraging optimization-based control techniques. The central objective is to maintain a good lateral and yaw stability of the vehicle with optimal corrective brakes, meanwhile applicable to different actuation configurations. This is achieved by a two-layer control structure, where the high-level controller

The utilization of green energy resources for supplying energy to ships in the marine industry has received increasing attention during the last years, where different green resource combinations and control strategies have been used. This article considers a ferry ship supplied by fuel cells (FCs) and batteries as the main sources of ship’s power. Based on the designers’ and owners’ preferences, different

In this article, the modular three-phase ac–dc converter using single-phase isolated Ć uk rectifier modules for charging of electric vehicles is discussed. The converters are designed and analyzed for the continuous conduction mode (CCM). This article is based on a new concept of adaptive sliding-mode-based loss-free resistor (ASLFR). ASLFR is a control scheme, which allows dual aim of power factor

Electrification, automation, and connectivity in the automotive and transport industries are gathering momentum, but there are escalating concerns over their need for co-optimization to improve energy efficiency, traffic safety, and ride comfort. Previous approaches to these multiobjective co-optimization problems often overlook tradeoffs and scale differences between the objectives, resulting in misleading

In [1] , the Acknowledgement section should have read as follows. The tests were partially conducted at the Center for Mobile Propulsion (CMP), RWTH Aachen University. The authors would like to thank DENSO Automotive Deutschland GmbH, IPG Automotive GmbH, and dSPACE GmbH for the supply of hardware and software. For the interdisciplinary scientific knowledge exchange, the authors thank the research

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