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2020 Index IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification Vol. 6 IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-12-23
Presents the 2020 subject/author index for this publication.
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Special Issue on More Electric Aircraft IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-10-30 Carlo Cecati; Shoujun Song; Giampaolo Buticchi
Electrification is a remarkable trend in the aviation industry. Electric machines and power electronics systems have been increasingly embedded in aerospace applications. In this field, the abovementioned systems are mainly used for flight control, engine starting/generating, propulsion, environmental control, braking, and fuel and hydraulic pumps.
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Filter Design and Optimization of Electromechanical Actuation Systems Using Search and Surrogate Algorithms for More-Electric Aircraft Applications IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Yuan Gao; Tao Yang; Serhiy Bozhko; Patrick Wheeler; Tomislav Dragičević
In this article, the dc filter design and optimization problem is studied for dc electrical power distribution systems onboard more-electric aircraft. Component sizing models are built to serve as the basis of the optimization whose objectives are mass and power loss of this filter. A categorization strategy of search and surrogate algorithms is proposed and used for the target multiobjective optimization
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Power Transistors’ Fault Diagnosis Method of SR S/G for More Electric Aircraft With Cross-Leg Current Analysis IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 Hao Chen; Haobiao Chen; Guoqiang Han; Guorui Guan
More electric aircraft (MEA) is expected to optimize aircraft performance, and the switched reluctance starter/generator (SR S/G) system is recommended as a key technique for MEA implementation. In order to improve safety and reduce aircraft maintenance time, it is necessary to quickly identify and locate electrical faults in the electrical system. This article proposes a fault diagnosis method for
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A Multiport Power Conversion System for the More Electric Aircraft IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 Chunyang Gu; Hao Yan; Jiajun Yang; Giacomo Sala; Daniele De Gaetano; Xuchen Wang; Alessandro Galassini; Michele Degano; Xin Zhang; Giampaolo Buticchi
In more electric aircraft (MEA), weight reduction and energy efficiency constitute the key figures. In addition, the safety and continuity of operation of its electrical power distribution system (EPDS) are of critical importance. These sets of desired features are in disagreement with each other because higher redundancy, needed to guarantee the safety of operation, implies additional weight. In fact
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Advances in High-Power Wireless Charging Systems: Overview and Design Considerations IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 Hao Feng; Reza Tavakoli; Omer C. Onar; Zeljko Pantic
Wireless charging systems are foreseen as an effective solution to improve the convenience and safety of conventional conductive chargers. As this technology has matured, recent broad applications of wireless chargers to electrified transportation have indicated a trend toward higher power, power density, modularity, and scalability of designs. In this article, commercial systems and laboratory prototypes
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Power Distribution Algorithm and Steady-State Operation Analysis of a Modular Multiactive Bridge Converter IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 Leonardo Ortega; Pablo Zumel; Cristina Fernández; Jaime Lñpez-Lñpez; Antonio Lázaro; Andrés Barrado
Electrical distribution systems comprising different power sources and loads, such as electric vehicles, aircraft electrical distribution systems, and residential microgrids, need new power conversion architectures. Multiport converters are an alternative to conventional multiconverter systems. This work studies a modular multiactive bridge (MMAB) converter, which is a multiport converter based on
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Driving-Cycle-Oriented Design Optimization of a Permanent Magnet Hub Motor Drive System for a Four-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-15 Xiaodong Sun; Zhou Shi; Yingfeng Cai; Gang Lei; Youguang Guo; Jianguo Zhu
The electrical drive system is crucial to the drive performance and safety of electric vehicles (EVs). In contrast to the traditional two-wheel-driven EVs, the hub motor four-wheel-drive system can steer the vehicle by controlling the torque and speed of each wheel independently, yielding a very simple distributed drivetrain with high efficiency and reliability. This article presents a system-level
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Surrogate Vibration Modeling Approach for Design Optimization of Electric Machines IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Mohamad Salameh; Suryadev Singh; Shuwang Li; Mahesh Krishnamurthy
This article presents a surrogate modeling approach to predict the vibrational behavior during electric machine design. The methodology used in identifying and implementing the surrogate model allows a time-efficient integration of the surrogate model in multiphysics geometric optimization of electric machines, especially in scenarios of drop-in replacement. Based on the state-of-the-art review, the
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Improving the DC-Link Utilization of Nine-Switch Boost Inverter Suitable for Six-Phase Induction Motor IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 Mohana Kishore Pinjala; Ravikumar Bhimasingu
Nowadays, multiphase induction drives are used in electric vehicle applications to improve reliability and efficiency. These induction motors are controlled by using a multiphase voltage-source inverter (VSI). As the number of phases increases, the number of switching devices used in multiphase VSI also increases, which results in a reduction of the system efficiency and an increase in the cost. Among
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A Low-Complexity Optimal Switching Time-Modulated Model-Predictive Control for PMSM With Three-Level NPC Converter IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 Qi Wang; Haitao Yu; Chen Li; Xiaoyu Lang; Seang Shen Yeoh; Tao Yang; Marco Rivera; Serhiy Bozhko; Patrick Wheeler
Conventional finite control set model-predictive control (FCS-MPC) presents a high computational burden, especially in three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converters. This article proposes a low-complexity optimal switching time-modulated model-predictive control (OST-M2PC) method for a three-level NPC converter. In the proposed OST-M2PC method, the optimal switching time is calculated using a
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Design and Experiment of Control Architecture and Adaptive Dual-Loop Controller for Brake-by-Wire System With an Electric Booster IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 Xiangyu Wang; Xiuheng Wu; Shuo Cheng; Jialei Shi; Xianyao Ping; Wei Yue
Brake-by-wire (BBW) is a critical technology in modern automotive and lays a solid foundation for intelligent vehicles. A control strategy to take full advantage of this system both in the active brake and the conventional boosting brake is essential for the BBW system, which is a challenging issue because of its complex structure and high requirement for rapid dynamic response and control accuracy
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Unbalanced Operation Principle and Fast Balancing Charging Strategy of a Cascaded Modular Multilevel Converter–Bidirectional DC–DC Converter in the Shipboard Applications IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 Peng Chen; Fei Xiao; Jilong Liu; Zhichao Zhu; Qiang Ren
In the vessel integrated power system (IPS), several common events, such as replacement of the aging batteries, isolation of fault modules, and launching of pulse loads, can make the state-of-charge (SOC) of energy storage elements (ESEs) inconsistent, which, consequently, requires different charging or discharging power commands for the ESEs to balance their SOC. Modular multilevel converter–bidirectional
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A Resolution-Enhanced Sliding Matrix Pencil Method for Evaluation of Harmonics Distortion in Shipboard Microgrids IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Yacine Terriche; Muhammad Umair Mutarraf; Abderrzak Laib; Chun-Lien Su; Josep M. Guerrero; Juan C. Vasquez; Saeed Golestan
Due to the rapid adoption of power electronics technology in shipboard microgrids (SMGs) in recent years, harmonic contamination has become now a crucial topic for these power systems. In order to sustain the safety of the electrical power systems, standards for power quality have imposed strict limits on the harmonic distortion allowed. In these standards, the application of the fast Fourier transform
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A Joint Photovoltaic-Dependent Navigation Routing and Energy Storage System Sizing Scheme for More Efficient All-Electric Ships IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 Shuli Wen; Tianyang Zhao; Yi Tang; Yan Xu; Miao Zhu; Yuqing Huang
With the extensive electrification introduced into the shipboard power systems, the navigation routine has become more important in an electric propulsion and solar power integrated ships since various sailing paths and speeds will lead to different operation performances. Unlike traditional navigation, which solves the shortest path problem, a data-driven optimization scheme is developed in this article
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Smart Electric Neutral Section Executer Embedded With Automatic Pantograph Location Technique Based on Voltage and Current Signals IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 Zhi Zhang; Trillion Q. Zheng; Kai Li; Ruixiang Hao; Xiaojie You; Zhibo Zhang; Jingxi Yang
Targeted at the issue of electric locomotives passing the neutral section in ac electrified railway, a novel intelligent electric phase separation system is proposed in this article, which is also named smart electric neutral section executer (SENSE). It consists of thyristors, several voltage and current transformers, and the control system. On one hand, the thyristors are used to replace the traditional
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Round Trip Routing for Energy-Efficient Drone Delivery Based on a Public Transportation Network IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 Hailong Huang; Andrey V. Savkin; Chao Huang
Focusing on using drones to deliver packages, this article considers a new delivery mode exploiting public transportation vehicles. Due to the battery capacity constraint, which limits the delivery area of drones, the public transportation vehicles are used to transport a drone to someplace unreachable by flying only. The problem under investigation is the round trip routing problem that finds the
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Modeling and Analysis of Limited-Angle Torque Motor Considering Nonlinear Effects IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-24 Guodong Yu; Yongxiang Xu; Jibin Zou; Lijun Xiao; Boyuan Zheng
Nonlinear mathematical model (NMM) of limited-angle torque motor (LATM) is rarely studied at present because its operating principle is different from conventional rotating electrical machines. In this article, inspired by the NMM of rotating electrical machines, a high-fidelity and computationally efficient model of LATM is proposed, which can completely consider the nonlinear effects, including the
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Innovated Approach of Predictive Thermal Management for High-Speed Propulsion Electric Machines in More Electric Aircraft IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Tenghui Dong; Chong Zhu; Fei Zhou; Hua Zhang; Fei Lu; Xi Zhang
The thermal management system has significant impacts on the efficiency of propulsion electric machines in the more electric aircraft. This article proposes a predictive thermal management system by utilizing the thermal-magnetic coupling phenomenon to improve efficiency. There are three major innovated contributions. First, the theoretical mathematic model of the temperature and the electromagnetic
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Comparison of Si and SiC EMI and Efficiency in a Two-Level Aerospace Motor Drive Application IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 William Perdikakis; Mark J. Scott; Kevin J. Yost; Chase Kitzmiller; Bailey Hall; Katherine A. Sheets
Power electronics are crucial elements in more-electric aircraft (MEA) applications. Existing hardware is almost exclusively silicon (Si)-based. However, recent advances in semiconductor technology yielded silicon carbide (SiC) components with current ratings suitable for aerospace applications. These devices have much strength that can increase power density and improve performance over Si-based hardware
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An Overview of High-Conversion High-Voltage DC–DC Converters for Electrified Aviation Power Distribution System IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 Niraja Swaminathan; Yue Cao
This article presents the state-of-the-art review of high-conversion high-voltage (HCHV) dc–dc converters for a modern aerial vehicle’s power distribution system. Higher dc bus voltages have become a trend in recent aerial vehicle development because of the potential reduction in size and weight of the rest of the power system and an increase in power density. Some front-end dc energy sources, such
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Wireless Power Transfer to Multiple Loads Over a Long Distance With Load-Independent Constant-Current or Constant-Voltage Output IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Xinhao Xie; Congzhen Xie; Licheng Li
The regulated output characteristic is crucial for a wireless power transfer (WPT) system. Most studies focus on the single-load system or the system with multiple evenly distributed loads; however, the loads might distribute in space at different distances from the power supply in practice. In this article, a WPT hybrid repeater system is proposed to power multiple loads over a long distance. The
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Tolerant Sequential Model Predictive Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 Kai Zhang; Mingdi Fan; Yong Yang; Rong Chen; Zhongkui Zhu; Cristian Garcia; Jose Rodriguez
Due to the need to control simultaneously torque and flux in a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), their predictive control is a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP). To solve this problem, traditional predictive control uses the weighting factors to convert the MOOP into a single-object optimization problem. Based on the lexicographic method, a simple strategy without weighting factors
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Anisotropy Identification for Electromechanical Flight Actuators With Sensorless Rotor Angle Detection IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 Robert Kowalski; Jens Windelberg
Electromechanical actuation of flight control surfaces based on permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) becomes an important technology for more electric aircraft architectures. Demanding requirements for fault tolerance and small space envelopes make sensorless control modes a promising technology in this field. However, sensorless rotor angle detection is not always feasible because it requires
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Data-Driven Model-Free Adaptive Current Control of a Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine Drive System IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Saeid Aghaei Hashjin; Shengzhao Pang; El-Hadj Miliani; Karim Ait-Abderrahim; Babak Nahid-Mobarakeh
The lack of precise mathematical model of nonlinear systems, such as electric machines, brings certain limits to design a powerful controller for such systems. This article presents a model-free-adaptive-control (MFAC) scheme as a good alternative to the commonly used model-based-control (MBC) methods in order to improve the controller design limitations due to the need for system model information
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Power Electronic Converters in Electric Aircraft: Current Status, Challenges, and Emerging Technologies IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 Lea Dorn-Gomba; John Ramoul; John Reimers; Ali Emadi
The electric revolution is underway in the transportation sector, and the aviation industry is poised to embrace fundamental disruption. Moving to electric aircraft brings undeniable benefits in terms of environmental impact, cost savings, maintenance, noise pollution, and safety. Nevertheless, several technical challenges are yet to be overcome to build electric airplanes that meet public needs while
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Stochastic Charging Optimization of V2G-Capable PEVs: A Comprehensive Model for Battery Aging and Customer Service Quality IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Mehrdad Ebrahimi; Mohammad Rastegar; Mohammad Mohammadi; Alejandro Palomino; Masood Parvania
This article proposes a new stochastic day-ahead residential charging model for a vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-capable plug-in electric vehicle (PEV). The aim is to minimize the expected customer’s charging cost, including energy cost and battery aging cost while satisfying the customer service quality constraints. The proposed model integrates a detailed PEV lithium-ion battery aging model as a function
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Model Predictive Power Control for Bidirectional Series-Resonant Isolated DC–DC Converters With Fast Dynamic Response in Locomotive Traction System IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Wensheng Song; Ming Zhong; Shucong Luo; Shunfeng Yang
High-frequency bidirectional dual-bridge series-resonant dc–dc converters have been attracted more attention in power electronic transformer (PET) due to high power density and efficiency. In this article, a model predictive power control method with phase shift modulation is proposed, to improve the dynamic response and robustness of the converter without load current sensor. In addition, the proposed
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Design and Analysis of Adaptive Impedance Structure for Cophase Railway Traction Supply Power Quality Conditioner IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 Lei Wang; Ying Pang; Keng-Weng Lao; Man-Chung Wong; Fujun Ma; Xiaoping Zhou
The electrical locomotives are treated as single-phase nonlinear loads, which can cause the low power factor, high contents of harmonic currents, and negative-sequence current. The power quality conditioners are widely used for solving the power quality issues in the railway power system. In power quality conditioners, the coupled impedance can affect the operation voltage, compensation range, and
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Recent Developments in the Vehicle Steer-by-Wire System IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Seyed Abolfazl Mortazavizadeh; Ahmad Ghaderi; Mohammad Ebrahimi; Masood Hajian
The next generation of steering systems in the auto manufacturing industry would be steer-by-wire (SBW) in which the mechanical connection between vehicle steering wheel and tires is removed. Numerous advantages are envisaged for this modification, but there are still some under-research technical and safety-related challenges to be addressed. This article presents a thorough review on the history
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A Magnetization State Initialization Control Scheme for Variable Flux Memory Machines Without Requiring Position Sensor Information IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 Shukang Lyu; Hui Yang; Heyun Lin; Yuan Ren
Variable flux memory machines (VFMMs) normally suffer from excessively low initial magnetization state (MS), which will cause a large starting current or even startup failure. This article proposes an MS initialization control scheme for VFMMs equipped with incremental encoders, in which the required rotor position is estimated by injecting high-frequency square-wave voltage. Based on the estimated
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State-of-Health Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Incremental Capacity Analysis Based on Voltage–Capacity Model IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 Jiangtao He; Zhongbao Wei; Xiaolei Bian; Fengjun Yan
State of health (SOH) is critical to evaluate the life expectancy of lithium-ion battery (LIB), thus should be estimated accurately in practical applications. This article proposes a computationally efficient model-based method for SOH estimation of LIB. A revised Lorentzian function-based voltage–capacity (VC) (RL-VC) model is exploited to accurately capture the voltage plateaus of LIB which reflect
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An Integrated Converter With Reduced Components for Electric Vehicles Utilizing Solar and Grid Power Sources IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Ankit Kumar Singh; Anjanee Kumar Mishra; Krishna Kumar Gupta; Pallavee Bhatnagar; Taehyung Kim
A novel integrated converter for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed in this article. For battery-charging operation, the proposed converter system enables a complementary deployment of the utility grid and a solar photovoltaic (PV) system. Since both sources (acting one at a time) utilize the same converter, the developed charging system, therefore, has a smaller number of components. In addition
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A Unipolar Coil Arrangement Method for Improving the Coupling Coefficient Without Ferrite Material in Wireless Power Transfer Systems IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-12 Gautam Rituraj; Brijesh Kumar Kushwaha; Praveen Kumar
In recent years, wireless power transfer (WPT) is extensively researched because it is a reliable and safest way of electric vehicle charging. Generally, rectangular-, square-, and circular-shaped unipolar coils are used in the static and dynamic WPT systems. However, these unipolar coils suffer from reduced coupling coefficient ( $k$ ) due to large leakage flux, which decreases power transfer and
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A Method of Optimized Deployment of Charging Stations for Drone Delivery IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-15 Hailong Huang; Andrey V. Savkin
Drones have become a new means for parcel delivery in recent years. As the flight distances of currently available commercial drones are usually limited due to the battery capacity constraint, this article considers the placement of charging stations to charge or replace the battery, and thus enlarge the coverage of customers. The problem of deploying a number of charging stations to cover the customers
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Power Loss Characterization and Modeling for GaN-Based Hard-Switching Half-Bridges Considering Dynamic on-State Resistance IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 Ruoyu Hou; Yanfeng Shen; Hui Zhao; Hao Hu; Juncheng Lu; Teng Long
Gallium nitride enhancement-mode high electron mobility transistors (GaN E-HEMTs) can achieve high frequency and high efficiency due to its excellent switching performance compared with conventional Si transistors. Nevertheless, GaN HEMTs exhibit a more pronounced dynamic ON-state resistance $R_{\mathrm {DS}(\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON})}$ than silicon transistors. The variation of $R_{\mathrm {
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Control of High-Performance Drive Feeding by Four-Level Hybrid Clamped Converter for Transportation Electrification IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 Jianyu Pan; Yong Yang; Jian Li; Feipeng Wang; Yousef Abdullah; Longya Xu
The internal capacitor voltages of a four-level hybrid clamped converter (4L-HCC) can have serious instability issues without proper control, limiting its application in variable speed drives for transportation electrification. This article presents a new integrated control scheme for an electrical machine drive fed by the 4L-HCC. Compared with the traditional PWM control, the proposed method effectively
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An Induction Machine Design With Parameter Optimization for a 120-kW Electric Vehicle IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-08 Nan Zhao; Nigel Schofield
Electric traction machines have been applied to both industrial variable-speed applications and electric vehicles. The induction machine (IM) is a potential candidate for traction machines due to the established industrial base. However, most of the existing studies on traction IM design rely on optimization algorithms or iterative calculation programs that subsequently give no clear understanding
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Mathematical Model of an Interior PMSM With Aligned Magnet and Reluctance Torques IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-29 Rajendra Thike; Pragasen Pillay
Mathematical modeling of a machine allows a better understanding, and it gives insight on the effect of each variable on the machine dynamics. This article develops the mathematical model of a novel shifted interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) with aligned magnet and reluctance torques. It is a new class of IPMSM where the flux barrier is modified in such a way that the relative positions
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Analysis and Design of Current Regulators for PMSM Drives Based on DRGA IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 Kai Cui; Chenchen Wang; Lifeng Gou; Zhikai An
The current-control loop plays an important role in achieving the rapid torque response of the vector-controlled salient pole permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Since the cross coupling of the motor model can deteriorate the performance of the current-control loop, numerous decoupling current regulators have been reported. However, less attention is drawn to the theoretical evaluation of the
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Current Sensor Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy for Encoderless PMSM Drives Based on Single Sliding Mode Observer IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 Gaolin Wang; Xiaofei Hao; Nannan Zhao; Guoqiang Zhang; Dianguo Xu
In encoderless field-oriented-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives, current sensors may malfunction in harsh working environments. A current sensor fault-tolerant control (FTC) strategy with a single sliding mode observer (SMO) is proposed in this article, which can achieve both phase current error construction and rotor position estimation. This strategy can simplify the system
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System-Level Optimization of Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machines for a Three-Wheel Electric Vehicle IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 Ahmad Shah Mohammadi; João Pedro F. Trovão
In this article, a two-level methodology is proposed to optimize the design of a hybrid excitation synchronous machine (HESM) for a given electric vehicle (EV) over an arbitrary-selected driving cycle. We are looking at a huge analysis problem of finding an optimal hybridization ratio (HR) between the two excitation sources, namely, permanent magnet (PM) and wound excitation (WE). To find the optimal
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Ensemble Reinforcement Learning-Based Supervisory Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicle for Fuel Economy Improvement IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 Bin Xu; Xiaosong Hu; Xiaolin Tang; Xianke Lin; Huayi Li; Dhruvang Rathod; Zoran Filipi
This study proposes an ensemble reinforcement learning (RL) strategy to improve the fuel economy. A parallel hybrid electric vehicle model is first presented, followed by an introduction of ensemble RL strategy. The base RL algorithm is $Q$ -learning, which is used to form multiple agents with different state combinations. Two common energy management strategies, namely, thermostatic strategy and equivalent
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A Computationally Efficient Path-Following Control Strategy of Autonomous Electric Vehicles With Yaw Motion Stabilization IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 Ningyuan Guo; Xudong Zhang; Yuan Zou; Basilio Lenzo; Tao Zhang
This article proposes a computationally efficient path-following control strategy of autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs) with yaw motion stabilization. First, the nonlinear control-oriented model, including path-following model, single-track vehicle model, and magic formula tire model, is constructed. To handle the stability constraints with ease, the nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) technique
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Tuning Method of Resonant Current Controller With DC Elimination for PWM Rectifiers in Electric Multiple Units IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-17 Caiwei Yang; Jian Wang; Chenchen Wang; Xiaojie You; Senlin Yu; Pengcheng Su
Current control in electric multiple unit (EMU) pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) rectifiers is crucial for the system’s stable operation and fast transient response. It should not only regulate the sinusoidal current under very low switching frequency but also eliminate dc current avoiding transformer core saturation. Therefore, proportional integral (PI) plus vector proportional integral with phase compensation
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A Homogeneous Model for Estimating Eddy-Current Losses in Wound Core of Multilevel-Circle Section IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-27 Shibin Gao; Chenqingyu Zhang; Lijun Zhou; Tong Lin; Xiangyu Zhou; Junyi Cai
The primary objective of evaluation of eddy-current losses is to provide a guide for optimized design of tractive transformer. It is not sensible to directly create the detailed laminations of a transformer core for analyzing the eddy-current field because of sophisticated modeling procedure and incredible computational cost. As a result, in this article, a series of original formulas to describe the
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Multitime-Scale Optimal Dispatch of Railway FTPSS Based on Model Predictive Control IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-06 Minwu Chen; Zhe Cheng; Yuanli Liu; Yilin Cheng; Zhongbei Tian
The flexible traction power supply system (FTPSS) integrates back-to-back converter, and hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and photovoltaic (PV) generation system will be an important part of the smart railway. The FTPSS not only cancels the neutral zone but also facilitates the utilization of regenerative braking (RB) and renewable energy, but the random fluctuation of PV and the sudden change of
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Synthetic Internal Voltage Phase–Amplitude Dynamics Investigation for Electric Drivetrain Small-Signal Model in Electromechanical Control Timescale for a Wound Rotor Induction Machine-Based Shipboard Power System IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-04-23 Kai Ni; Yihua Hu; Chun Gan; Chao Gong; Huiqing Wen
With less fragile power electronics integrated, the overall shipboard power system (SPS) safety level is prone to increase. In this article, the motion equation concept of a less power electronics-based more-electric ship is proposed to study the SPS dynamics. A wound rotor induction machine (WRIM) acts as the propulsion load, whose stator and power converter are regarded as a synthetic internal voltage
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Operation Control for Improving Energy Efficiency of Shipboard Microgrid Including Bow Thrusters and Hybrid Energy Storages IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 Zhao-Xia Xiao; Huai-Min Li; Hong-Wei Fang; Yu-Zhe Guan; Tao Liu; Lucas Hou; Josep M. Guerrero
The frequent start/stop operation of a bow thruster presents a high pulsating power demand in shipboard microgrids while reducing the fuel efficiency of the diesel engines, which may induce potential instabilities. In this article, a hybrid energy storage system, including batteries and ultracapacitors (UCs), is connected to the dc bus of the thruster driver, and a hierarchical controller is proposed
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Maritime DC Power System With Generation Topology Consisting of Combination of Permanent Magnet Generator and Diode Rectifier IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-05-06 Young-Kwang Son; Seong-Yong Lee; Sanggi Ko; Young-Wook Kim; Seung-Ki Sul
The dc grid is emerging as a new electric power distribution concept for several types of vessels due to its higher fuel efficiency compared with the conventional ac grid. Until today, wound rotor generators (WRGs) and diode rectifiers have been applied to the generation part of the onboard dc grid although the efficiency, weight, reliability, and footprint of the WRGs are inferior to those of permanent
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Optimal Voltage and Current Selection for Turboelectric Aircraft Propulsion Networks IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Kingsley Ibrahim; Suresh Sampath; Devaiah Nalianda
Deploying electrical systems for aircraft propulsion has been identified as a potential solution for reducing the environmental impact of increasing air transport usage. However, the implementation of this system needs to be done at a suitable voltage and current combination. The aim of this work is to propose a clear procedure for deriving a suitable voltage and current for an electrical propulsion
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PMSM Drive System Efficiency Optimization Using a Modified Gradient Descent Algorithm With Discretized Search Space IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 Chunyan Lai; Guodong Feng; Jiangbo Tian; Ze Li; Ying Zuo; Aiswarya Balamurali; Narayan C. Kar
This article investigates efficiency optimization in a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive system, including the motor and the power converter. At first, the motor drive efficiency model based on the input and output power is proposed. In this model, the input power is calculated from the dc-link voltage and current measurements, and the output power is modeled and computed from the dq
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Front cover IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-18
Presents the front cover for this issue of the publication.
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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-18
Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.
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Table of contents IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-18
Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.
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Information for Authors IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-18 Ali Emadi
These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.
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A Single-Stage Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer System With Closed-Loop Current Control Strategy IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 Bharat Vardani; Narsa Reddy Tummuru
A conventional two-stage topology that consists of a dc/ac converter, a dc-link, and two ac/dc converter is being used as wireless charging of electric vehicles (EVs). However, the conventional topology contains more conversion stages with a bulky dc-link capacitor, and implementation of control strategies is not easy to transfer power from the primary coil to pickup coil or vice versa. A single-stage
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A Review of Thermal Designs for Improving Power Density in Electrical Machines IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Chaofan Dong; Yuping Qian; Yangjun Zhang; Weilin Zhuge
More electric aircraft is a promising solution to the problems of fuel consumption, emissions, and noise faced by the aviation industry. Electrical machines with high power density are essential to improve the overall performance of more electric aircraft. The huge difference between the maximum and the rated output of electrical machines shows that the performance does not reach the present limit
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Optimal Design and Synthesis of MEA Power System Architectures Considering Reliability Specifications IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 Angel A. Recalde; Jason A. Atkin; Serhiy V. Bozhko
Aircraft electrification requires novel designs to supply the growing demand for electric power onboard through efficient and reliable production and distribution of electrical energy. Moreover, the aircraft power system will be a key enabler for the integration of future technologies. Pledging to these intentions, we propose a formulation to synthesize a power system architecture that complies with
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Operation Management of Multiregion Battery Swapping–Charging Networks for Electrified Public Transportation Systems IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. (IF 5.444) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 Xiaochuan Liu; Cheong Boon Soh; Shuhan Yao; Huajun Zhang; Tianyang Zhao
Battery swapping–charging system (BSCS) is efficient for battery swapping service provision to commercial electric vehicles (EVs) in a certain region. When multiple BSCSs are considered to serve a larger geographical span, achieving the efficient and collaborative management of the BSCSs located in different regions with various EV user behavior and system features is essential. This article proposed