Introduction Public transport (PT) availability may be more important for people with disabilities (PWD), as typically they have greater healthcare needs and mobility barriers compared with people without disabilities. This paper investigates how PT availability is associated with healthcare use for people aged 18–60 years, with and without disabilities in Australia. Method We used unique Australian

Introduction The physical and mental health benefits of cycling are well established. During the COVID-19 pandemic cycling has also presented additional health benefits by enabling social distancing compared to public transport modes. In low-cycling countries these benefits are unevenly realised, with substantial differences in cycling mode share by age and gender. In England and Wales women are four

Introduction Moped riders have a comparably high risk of getting seriously injured or killed in road traffic crashes. The moped is the first motor vehicle legally available to adolescents, but knowledge about young moped riders is limited. The few existing studies indicate that violations are a key factor in crash involvement. Method Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, the purpose of this study

Introduction The World Health Organisation (WHO) claims that 9 out of 10 people breath air containing high levels of pollutants, while air pollution itself is responsible for around 7 million premature deaths every year (WHO, 2014). This paper aims to determine the health impacts of such air pollutants on the cyclist population of Dublin City through the use of floating bike data and emission modelling

Introduction Increasing the use of active commuting (walking or cycling to work; AC) is associated with positive health outcomes and has been shown to be a feasible strategy for increasing physical activity. However, intervention studies for increasing AC have been criticised for lacking rigour and poor use of theory. This study was an impact evaluation of a multi-component, theory-based workplace

Introduction Since the 1st October 2008, in France, all vehicles must be equipped with a safety kit including a high-visibility vest and a warning triangle. The main purpose of this measure was to improve the safety of pedestrians who are near vehicles that have broken down or have had a crash. The objective of the research presented in this paper was to study the evolution of pedestrian collisions

Background Age-friendly environments promote healthy and active aging by building and maintaining capacity across the life course and allowing people who have a loss of capacity to continue engaging in activities that they value. Existing research demonstrates that municipalities are conducting age-friendly assessments worldwide. Purpose The current study aims to create a rich description of older

Introduction Pain and mental health conditions account for a significant proportion of the public health burden of injury, and treatment patterns can vary by neighbourhood area. We aimed to (a) characterise geographic variations in treatment for pain and mental health conditions across local government areas (LGAs); and (b) examine the relationship between treated condition prevalence and LGA socioeconomic

Introduction Increasing urban population and traffic density on one side and rising hospital demands on the other has underlined the importance of transportation modeling. In this study, Four-Step Transportation Model (FSTM), which focuses primarily on home-based work and school trips, is used to evaluate the increasing share of home-based hospital trips among all from a transportation planning perspective

Introduction Motorcycle taxis have been an indispensable component of the transport systems in many cities in the Global South. Motorcycle taxi drivers often work long hours, thus having high exposure to weather conditions, air pollution, and traffic environment. However, little is understood about the health issues among the emerging types of motorcycle taxi drivers, such as ride-hailing and hybrid

Introduction Hit-and-run crashes occur when the driver at fault leaves the scene without reporting, which could delay emergency response for the victims who are left. For this reason, it is assumed that hit-and-run crashes lead to more serious injuries; however, the research in this area is limited. The objectives of the study are to examine the differences in hit-and-run and non-hit-and-run victim

Introduction Transportation plays an important role in the social connectedness and quality of life among older adults (Black et al., 2015). Despite the increasing number of culturally and linguistically diverse older adults in the U.S. (Scommegna, 2016), studies that comprehensively investigate factors influencing their transportation use are sparse and fragmented. Methods Guided by the socio-ecological

Background Road traffic collisions represent a public health problem in Chile, with fatality rates higher than in most OECD countries. This research investigates how various factors affect fatalities and injuries rates in Chile in the period 2000–2017 and calculates them for each region, originated by their specific characteristics. Methods An econometric analysis with panel data corresponding to the

Purpose Both perceived and objectively-measured attributes of the built environment have been related to active transport. They do not refer, however, to the same construct: objective measurements provide an inventory of a neighborhood's active-friendly attributes, while the perceptions of individuals refer to their appraisal of their neighborhood opportunities for active travel. Both aspects are complementary

Introduction Crash-related injury and fatality tends to be disproportionately higher among motorcycle riders compared to other types of motor vehicle users due to the absence of passive safety vehicle components of other vehicles. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study among consenting commercial motorcycle riders conducted in Bamenda, Cameroon estimated the prevalence (commercial motorcycling

Introduction High quality evaluations of new walking and cycling routes are scarce and understanding contextual mechanisms influencing outcomes is limited. Using different types of data we investigate how context is associated with change in use of new and upgraded walking and cycling infrastructure, and the association between infrastructure use and overall physical activity. Methods We conducted

Introduction We explore the use of CCTV footage to map suicidal self-injurious behavior on a subway platform to better understand the settings and the situational conditions of individuals just before they attempt suicide. Methods We use footage from CCTV cameras for gaining new insight into the situational conditions that relate to suicidal self-directed violence in the transit system in Stockholm

Introduction This paper analyses three years’ data from the People and Places longitudinal study. The study examines the travel behaviour impacts of major investments in active travel infrastructure in three Outer London boroughs (the ‘mini- Hollands programme’). Methods The People and Places survey, conducted annually in May-June, treats the mini-Holland interventions as a ‘natural experiment’. Participants

Introduction Efforts to preserve brain function may be most effective when administered before there are changes in the brain, which may occur decades before the onset of Alzheimer's disease symptoms. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a cardiovascular disease biomarker, are areas of hyperintense signals scattered in the white matter of the brain evident on magnetic resonance images. WMH increase

Introduction The aims of this study were to assess associations between car use for school journeys in early childhood and car use for school journeys in later childhood and adolescence, (ii) determine whether an income gradient to habitual car use for school journeys and overweight/obesity exists in the UK, and (iii) assess the extent to which habitual car use for school journeys through childhood

Introduction This study identified correlates of active commute mode, transport physical activity (TPA), and intention to use light rail transit (LRT) at a large university in advance of a new LRT connection to campus. Methods Staff, faculty and students completed a campus-wide travel survey in 2017. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models assessed associations between individual, organizational

Introduction The perceived comfort levels of on-street bicyclists are affected by both road characteristics and environmental healthiness. A thorough knowledge of these factors helps to encourage bicycle use and improve human health. This study thus aims to incorporate the parameters describing environmental healthiness in the evaluation of urban street performance. Methods For analysis purpose, extensive

Purpose This paper explores the challenges that people who use wheeled mobility devices face navigating unfamiliar pedestrian environments. The intent is to understand their decisions during the planning and travel phases and to compare these decisions and experiences between mobility device users. Methods Fourteen mobility device users (4 manual wheelchair, 6 power wheelchair, and 4 scooter users)

This introduction to the special issue on travel, health and well-being is subdivided into three parts. In Section 1 we provide a summary of existing literature analysing how health and well-being are related with transport and travel behaviour. An overview and short descriptions of the studies included in this special issue are given in Section 2. In Section 3 we conclude this editorial by uncovering

Background Community mobility, the ability to move about one's community by any mode of transportation, is vital to social participation and wellbeing, especially for older adults, however it is heavily reliant on private motor vehicles. Biopsychosocial risk factors mean that drivers may eventually need to stop driving. Preparation and gradual cessation have been identified as being key in the transition

Background Skateboarding as a mode of transport is not often considered when planning the built environment. Skateboarders are vulnerable road users and are often made to feel unwelcome no matter where they ride. In New Zealand (NZ), skateboarders can legally travel on the road but are often ostracized and feel obligated to use the footpath, where they can threaten the safety of other users, and skateboarding

Background Motoring is an emancipation. It is both an individual freedom and a collective freedom with car ownership at 30, 491, 000 vehicles by 2019 in Great Britain. Yet, as the evidence of the impacts of road transport accumulates and the health and environmental aims of sustainable travel become clearer, demand for an ethical analysis also intensifies. Purpose The paper draws on a previous limited

Introduction Social protection programmes such as the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme are meant to improve access to services including formal healthcare and enhance quality of life of beneficiaries. However, beneficiaries are still faced with various barriers to services such as formal healthcare. Objective In this study, with the aid of socio-economic and demographic factors

Background Several authors have analyzed how certain driver characteristics can lead drivers not to comply with traffic regulations and commit traffic violations. In this paper we use the following indicators to develop a model for predicting the attitudes of professional drivers towards safety regulations: Personality, Job diagnostic survey, Job content questionnaire, Burnout, Driver Fatigue and Fatigue

Introduction Emerging interest in social issues related to transport in cities facing rapid demographic and socioeconomic transitions has led to increasing interest in the relationships between well-being and transport disadvantage. However, unpacking such links has been elusive at best, and mainstream research has not embraced the particularities and diversities of Global South cities as research

Introduction The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different mobile phone tasks on gait behaviour in healthy young adults. Methods An experimental design was used in this study. Twenty-five participants, 7 males and 18 females, aged 22.56 ± 2.45 years completed 5 tasks whilst walking. The conditions consisted of no task, calling, playing a game, listening to music, texting, and watching

Introduction The rising use of e-bikes (EBs) presents an opportunity to increase active transportation but may compromise road safety due to increased travel speed and weight compared to conventional bicycle (CBs). Evidence comparing the safety of EBs and CBs is limited while the influence of cyclists’ health status has been neglected. Methods This cross-sectional case-control study compared EB and

Introduction Walking is a common form of physical activity and is the most frequent way to access public transit. On-going changes in the US transportation system are occurring, notably increases in smartphone application-based ridesharing. The goal of this research is to assess whether increasing use of ridesharing was associated with a change in transit-related walking. This is important to both

Introduction Previous studies provide evidence that associations between different factors and children's independent mobility (CIM). In these studies, no difference between CIM range and time whereas have been difference between CIM range and time and attitudes of children and parents. Roles of different factors, including gender haven't been also proven with CIM time and range. Therefore, sought

Introduction Walking and cycling to school is a convenient way to incorporate physical activity into the daily lives of children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the association of intrapersonal and interpersonal correlates with active commuting to school in Brazilian adolescents. Methods Baseline data from the intervention program “Movimente” in 2017 involving 7th to 9th year students

Introduction Bicycling provides many positive outcomes at individual- and population-levels, from increased physical activity to reduced congestion. One of the main barriers to increased levels of bicycling is safety and injury risk from motor vehicles and from single-bicycle crashes. One known hazard is bicycle crashes at rail crossings where the bicycle wheel is caught in the flangeway causing loss

Introduction The concept of a smart city is fast becoming a key instrument in transforming living environments in a better way to enhance the operational efficiency of a transportation system. This paper presents a framework to assess transportation performance measures and smart-growth of cities around the U.S. by including physical activity as one of the main criteria. Methods This study employs

Aim This study aims to determine the incremental cost of having a TBI in older adults, as well as the incremental cost of being of older age in patients with TBI. Method Incremental costs were assessed for both hospital and the period of one year post-injury. Data on patients aged 65 years and older with TBI were retrieved from a database of all transport-related trauma admissions in Belgium between

Introduction Economic valuation of the health benefits of active transport modes (such as walking and cycling) is an important means of incentivising changes in transport and land-use policy that better support human health. However, existing valuation methods do not adequately examine how these benefits might vary within a population. Using data from New Zealand, we investigate the extent to which

Introduction Road traffic injuries remain the leading cause of death for youth ages 15 to 29. Poor hazard perception skills are a contributor to collision risk in this population. This Delphi study sought stakeholder consensus on the characteristics that should be prioritized in the development of technology-based hazard perception interventions for young drivers. Methods A three-round Delphi technique

Introduction Cycling offers significant benefits for disabled people in the form of independent mobility and improved management of chronic health conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes and obesity through increased physical activity. However, disabled people in the UK have a lower propensity to cycle than the general population. This is often assumed to reflect lower levels of interest and reduced

Background The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) declares the airline transport regulation in January 2020 to help retard the spread of the novel coronavirus disease in China. This study is to examine the effect of airline transport regulation on confirmed cases of the novel coronavirus disease in megacities in China. Methods This study combines the multi-source data from the health data

Background and purpose: The world's elderly population has been dramatically growing during the last few decades, and therefore, a big challenge for many societies will be to meet the future needs of this group especially their health problems. Promoting walking as an active mode of transportation in daily travel could have many benefits on the healthy lifestyle of the elderly. However, it has not

Introduction Pedestrian gap acceptance has been studied by many researchers for evaluating pedestrian facilities. However, these studies could not relate the gap acceptance at uncontrolled mid-block crosswalks have varied roadway features with pedestrian behaviour under mixed traffic conditions. In this context, the goal of the proposed study is to understand the probability of pedestrian gap acceptance

Introduction Compared with car travel, public transport (PT) reduces carbon emissions, air pollution and may promote physical activity (PA) through active transport (AT; e.g. walking/cycling to stations/stops) thus contributing to meeting PA guidelines. However, car travel remains dominant in Australian cities. This study aimed to examine perceptions and use of PT and PT-related AT by gender, among

Introduction There is increasing interest in perceptions of the built environment as a correlate of physical activity among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examined if scores from the Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS-A) provide a valid inference regarding features of the environment in MS. Methods Participants completed a cross-sectional survey that included

Introduction People with disabilities experience particular transportation challenges that arise from socializing while in transit. Completing or anticipating transportation-related social tasks, like asking drivers, fellow passengers, family/friends/caregivers, or passers-by for help, can impact one's health by influencing feelings of self-efficacy, stress, and perceived social isolation. These feelings

Introduction Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) by Motor Vehicle Crashes (MVCs) are most common type of MCIs. Casualties from MCIs usually require more hospitalization resources. The purpose of this study was to compare the injury characteristics, survivability, and medical resource utilization of casualties from Mass-Casualty Motor Vehicle Crashes (MC-MVCs) and casualties from other (non MCI) MVCs. Methods

Introduction Our aim was to conduct a health impact assessment (HIA) on Sanandaj urban traffic jam, as a consequence of current urban traffic and transport initiatives conducted by Sanandaj urban traffic and transport system. Methods Incorporating practice standards into the methodology, and applying a single mixed-method case study, we collected four sources of data through profiling community (archival

Introduction Although access to a motor vehicle is essential for pursuing social and economic opportunity and ensuring health and well-being, states have increasingly used driver's license suspensions as a means of compelling compliance with a variety of laws and regulations unrelated to driving, including failure to pay a fine or appear in court. Little known about the population of suspended drivers

Background Since the late 19th century, city planners have struggled to cope with new types of urban transport and mobility that threatened the existing system, or even rendered it obsolete. Purpose As city planners confront the range of disruptive urban mobilities currently on the horizon, this paper explores how we can draw on a vast body of evidence to anticipate and avoid unintended consequences

Cities in developing countries face acute pressures due to increased motorization, urbanization and growing population. Urban transport planning systems can fuel healthy cities, yet research examining the interface between policies and needs in Africa remains scarce. A mixed-methods approach was used to assess the alignment between urban transport policies and self-reported citizens’ needs in Port

Introduction Few Canadian children meet physical activity guidelines. Active transportation to school may be a way to increase physical activity and walking school buses have shown promise; yet, few studies consider Northern settings. Methods Experiences of individuals and factors related to implementation of a walking school bus pilot in Northeastern Ontario were explored using semi-structured interviews

Introduction Migrant workers in developing counties have become increasingly vulnerable to mental health issues. Although existing studies have identified multiple factors associated with migrant workers’ mental health, commute time has not been investigated as a possible factor, especially in a development context. This study fills the gap by linking the commute time of migrant workers to their mental

Background Trucks play a vital role in promoting regional freight transportation and economic development, but truck-involved collisions often have more severe consequences and create greater losses for society. Research purpose This study examined the relationships between injury severity and various explanatory factors in truck-involved collisions to identify preventive countermeasures for safety

Introduction Population aging raises many fundamental questions for public health policymakers, one of which is how to address the inequity of medical services for older adults. Geographic information systems (GIS)-based accessibility has been widely employed to measure the inequity of access to healthcare facilities. However, the focus in literature lies generally on spatial patterns; few accessibility

Every day, trucks carrying hazardous materials (hazmat) in a large and densely populated city expose public health risks to the residents of the city as well as risks to the economic assets in the area. In this paper, we introduce a new risk model that considers population exposure along a route and the duration of such exposure, the latter being variable due to the congested nature of road transportation

Introduction Significant progress has been made in the development of autonomous vehicles (AV) in recent years, with an increasing number of trials performed to identify how AVs might function within the existing transport modal choices. With this has come increasing recognition of the multiple benefits that AVs might provide for wider society, not least reduced road congestion and pollution, safer

Introduction Time spent sitting in cars is a prevalent form of sedentary behaviour. Overall time spent sitting and specific sedentary behaviours such as TV viewing have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease – a major contributor to premature death. A previous review found that motor vehicle use (including public transport) was associated with obesity. We update the relevant evidence

Aims and background Anxiety over driving is under-researched in Australia. Studies conducted in New Zealand and France have shown this type of anxiety has negative impacts on mobility, work performance and perceived quality of work as well as perceived quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine these relationships using a sample of drivers in Australia. Methods A total of 535 people (average