Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered a worldwide outbreak of pandemic, and transportation services have played a key role in coronavirus transmission. Although not crowded in a confined space like a bus or a metro car, bike-sharing users are exposed to the bike surface and take the transmission risk. During the COVID-19 pandemic, how to meet user demand and avoid virus spreading

Introduction The health benefits of cycling have widely been recognized, but cycling is also associated with health risks (e.g., pollution exposure, crash risk). Past studies of these competing health impacts have been limited in their treatment of social equity, rarely considering spatial variations in risk that could be highly salient for marginalized populations. This study investigates the health

Introduction Efforts to keep U.S. roadways safe primarily rely on laws and their enforcement along with educational campaigns. This approach, however, falls far short of its objective as evidenced by nearly 40,000 roadway deaths and 2.7 million injuries annually. Moreover, the 19 million traffic stops per year associated with this approach create ongoing conflict between community members and their

Introduction The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global threat that started in Wuhan, China, in 2019 and spread rapidly to the globe. To reduce the spread of the COVID-19, different non-pharmacological control measures have been conducted in different countries, which include social distancing, distance working, and stay-at-home mandates. These control measures had affected global transportation

Youth education on risky behaviours, such as alcohol and drug use, has long moved beyond a ‘just say no’ abstinence-only approach. While emphasising that abstinence is safest, guidance is extended to harm reduction approaches, advocating safer ways to engage in the behaviour should the risk occur. In contrast, youth road safety education generally remains abstinence-only (e.g., don't speed, don't use

Introduction Health problems such as obesity and related illnesses have been attributed to the lack of both spatial and economic access to healthy food. Even though access to healthy food in urban areas has been widely studied, access to healthy food in rural areas has not received much attention to date. Rural residents usually face similar accessibility challenges as urban populations but at a greater

Aims Since active mobility is essential for older adults’ health and well-being, especially in crises, this study aims to investigate and compare factors affecting active mode choice of older adults (AMCOA) in the pre- and post-COVID-19 outbreak and evaluate changes in their active mobility behavior and no research has been conducted this subject. Methodology The sample study of this cross-sectional

Introduction The impact of traffic-related pollution around schools on student health has attracted increased attention in recent years. As students are exposed to pollutants around schools during their daily commute, the effect of pollutant exposure on students is substantial. Methods A literature review of the effects of traffic-related pollution around schools on student health and mitigation measures

Introduction While the health benefits of cycling and walking have been well established, questions remain about whether these benefits hold in varying socioeconomic contexts, including across demographic groups and in the context of neighborhood change. This study examines this relationship, identifying associations between cycling or walking and self-reported health, whether socioeconomic status

Background Heavy goods vehicle drivers are an influential driving population in Nepal, with over 90% of goods in the country are transported by road. Due to the time spent on the road, drivers have long periods of exposure to the risk of crash involvement. The study explores the perceptions and experiences of heavy goods vehicle drivers and representatives from their professional association regarding

Introduction Over the last two decades, many walkability attributes and variables have been considered in the evaluation of walkability scores with various methods and approaches. This study investigates the recent trend of walkability measures in terms of the scale of analysis, the case study location, the type of measurements, the data collection tool, the analysis method, and the research field

Background Electric bikes (E-bikes) and motorized scooters (M-scooters) have become extremely popular worldwide and in Israel. This change has been followed by an increase in injury-related hospitalizations among these road users. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed based on 4733 E-bike or M-scooter riders hospitalized in one of the 19 trauma centers participating in the Israeli National

Objective Based on regulatory focus theory, it was predicted that there would be a relationship between regulatory focus, health-related perceived risk of using public transport during COVID-19, and choice of public transport mode. Method The study focused on choice between demand responsive transport (DRT), and more traditional modes of public transport, buses and private taxis. Participants completed

Introduction Regular physical activity provides numerous health benefits. The neighbourhood built environment is important for supporting physical activity. Despite higher physical activity among public transit users, the effect of introducing Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) services on physical activity remains unclear. We undertook a natural experiment which aimed to estimate changes in transit use and physical

Introduction Teen motor vehicle crash fatality rates differ by geographic location. Studies assessing teen transportation risk behaviors by location are inconclusive. Therefore, we explored the role of census region and metropolitan status for driving prevalence and four transportation risk behaviors among U.S. public high school students. Methods Data from 2015 and 2017 national Youth Risk Behavior

Introduction Taxi drivers are a low income population with long work hours, a high-stress sedentary occupation, and varied work shifts, augmenting their risk for sleep disorders. We evaluated sleep quality among New York City (NYC) taxi drivers, a predominantly immigrant/minority population, for associations with sleep outcomes and examined intervention development and policy implications. Methods

Introduction Overweight and obesity are significant health issues in the modern era and correlate with daily activities, including travelling. This study focuses on understanding the relationship between overweight/obesity and travel patterns and built environment for individuals belonging to different socioeconomic groups for developing countries, where limited research is witnessed from a transportation

Introduction Parent attitudes and perceptions of convenience are primary determinants of children's mode of school travel. Parents may favor the use of active transportation to school, such as walking or biking, if supportive neighborhood normative behaviors are present. Methods A series of logistic regressions with marginal effects were conducted to investigate whether seeing others, talking or waving

Background Neighborhood environmental attributes can promote walking behavior among older adults. Nevertheless, these walkability attributes may affect walking behavior differently depending on the time of the day. This study examined the association between neighborhood environmental attributes and average step counts at different times of the day. Methods We included 122 older adults (aged ≥ 60 years

Introduction Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) could have profound effects on mobility, safety, and the build environment. In specific, AVs are expected to provide more mobility choices to the elderly and underserved areas, reduce traffic congestion and transportation costs, among others. The changes in built environment could result in a reduction in active travel and physical activity, which might lead to

Introduction Overdependence on gasoline-powered personal automobiles in industrialized urban settings has resulted in transportation behaviour that is detrimental to public health. Risk not only stems from an increase in air pollution, but also, and more significantly for wealthy nations, from a reduction in physical activity. Tools and models that demonstrate the magnitude of the health benefits of

Introduction The inter-relationship between physical activity and health is well-documented in transportation and public health literature. Nevertheless, health impacts are rarely considered in transportation planning processes due to the lack of a robust mechanism to quantify such impacts. The Integrated Transport and Health Impact Modeling (ITHIM) framework provides an opportunity to systematically

Introduction – Aircraft noise, the most health-threatening source of noise pollution among all modes of transport, is a stressor with identifiable effects on occupants' well-being and social behavior at airports and environs. Methods – This aircraft noise-induced psychosocial health assessment utilized C-weighting to capture peak noise levels with self-reported primary data from a sample size (n = 402)

Introduction It is important to understand the relationship between the built environment and pedestrian safety to promote walking. Nevertheless, current literature insufficiently studied the impact of the built environment on pedestrian safety. There is few research considering spatial autocorrelation effects. This study aims to expand the investigation of conventional built environment correlates

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has been extremely disturbing mobility behavior due to travel restrictions and perceived COVID-19 threats. Recently, researchers from developed countries have shown interest in quantifying the impacts of the COVID-19 on individuals' mobility; however, similar research themes in lower income developing countries like Pakistan have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore

Government policies on renewing vehicle fleet by introducing newer, cleaner vehicles and removing old, polluting vehicles have significant impacts on air pollution. In this study, the estimated emissions of air pollutants that influence human health are reported together with health endpoints and corresponding mortality and morbidity costs under five alternative road transport policy scenarios, varying

Introduction Research on pedestrians’ behavior and safety in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is scarce, compared to high-income economies. This study aimed to present the validation of the Walking Behavior Questionnaire (WBQ), which has not been tested before in the Dominican Republic, and to evaluate age differences in walking-related self-reported behaviors. Methods For this study, a nationwide

Background In the Caribbean, all countries have confirmed COVID-19 cases. Considering the high infectivity of the virus, no preexisting immunity to the virus and an associated modest reproductive rate (R0), the high density of persons utilizing public transport is of immense public health concern. Public transport systems may facilitate and accelerate the transmission of the disease. Aim The aim of

Introduction Although ride-hailing and taxi trips can potentially reduce single-occupant vehicle trips and auto ownership, they can also replace pedestrian trips. Because physical activity is associated with improved health outcomes, the extent to which ride-hailing and taxi travel captures walking's mode share is of interest to policymakers. Methods Based on large-scale behavioral data from the 2017

Background Bicycling is known to have many health benefits. For this reason, transport planners and public health officials in Canada increasingly aim to encourage bicycling for transport. On- and off-street infrastructure is often implemented to facilitate bicycling and planners rely on a range of tools for informing the design of the network of facilities. This mixed methods study compares objectively

Introduction Automated vehicle (AV) technologies are one of the most highly disruptive transportation technologies that have the potential to transform the existing transportation systems and the associated impacts on public health and health equity. There have been numerous attempts to recognize and frame the consequences of AVs on public health; however, the uncertainties in impacts and extent of

Introduction Walking is a healthy, environmentally sustainable, and economically profitable transportation strategy for citizens and governments. Despite these benefits, it is also important to understand, and to inform health professionals, policymakers, and public infrastructure planners about, the preventable injury potential of walking in the transportation system and the distribution of injury

Introduction Travel requires various skills such as concentration, interpretation of information, and the confidence to take decisions and interact with other people. Mental illness can affect these skills and so cause barriers to travel. These issues are explored in this paper using the results from a cross-sectional on-line survey. Methods The survey focussed on domestic travel. The link to the survey

Introduction Geographic inaccessibility disproportionately affects health outcomes of rural populations due to lack of suitable transport, prolonged travel time, and poverty. Rural patients are left with few transport options to travel to a health facility. One common option is to travel by foot, which may present additional challenges, such as perceived lack of safety while transiting. We examined

Introduction Bicycle commuting has economic, environmental, and health benefits. However, it is not clear whether adults meet the physical activity guidelines when performing bicycle commuting in ‘real-world’ scenarios. This study aimed: (1) to verify whether adults reach the maximum heart rate percentage (%HRmax) recommended by the physical activity guidelines when doing bicycle commuting; (2) to

A significant proportion of motor vehicle crash fatalities are potentially preventable with improved acute care. By increasing the accuracy of triage more victims could be transported directly to the best suited care facility and be provided optimal care. We hypothesize that On Scene Injury Severity Prediction (OSISP) algorithms, developed utilizing machine learning methods, have potential to improve

Background and aims There is untapped potential for public transport-related physical activity to make an important contribution to total physical activity and hence improve health. This study aimed to determine the willingness of public transport users to walk further than necessary to a stop, and the characteristics of those willing to do so. Methods This study used data from three waves (2016, 2017

Introduction The impacts of transport on health have been extensively studied, yet there has been less focus on the complex interactions that exist within the transport-health sphere. We adopt a System Dynamics (SD) approach to addressing the research question “Where are the trade-offs and synergies between different types of health impacts within the transport-health system?“, which is in recognition

Background Speed limit reductions are known to decrease road risks where they are introduced since speed influences collision and injury severity. However, studies on the impact of speed limit reductions on collisions are limited since the 1990s, especially on roads that are not highways or freeways. Objective To evaluate the effect of speed limit reductions on collisions involving killed or seriously

Introduction Human mobility has been a central issue in the discussion from the beginning of COVID-19. While the body of literature on the relationship of COVID transmission and mobility is large, studies mostly captured a relatively short timeframe. Moreover, spatial non-stationarity has garnered less attention in these explorative models. Therefore, the major concern of this study is to see the relationship

Background Differences in physical effort between cycling for transportation on an electric-assisted cycle (EAC) and a conventional cycle (CC) were previously studied. The effect of cycle type on respiratory ventilation and inhaled air pollution dose remains unclear. Objective The first aim was to predict respiratory ventilation while cycling on a conventional and electric-assisted cycle taking into

Introduction Autistic adults face a range of unique barriers to accessing their communities via cars and/or public transport. Previous studies report that learning to drive can be difficult, and that using public transport can be filled with anxiety for autistic adults. Indeed, car and public transport access and use are associated with greater quality of life. This study sought to explore these factors

Introduction The research on the link between the Built Environment (BE) and Children Independent Mobility (CIM) is on the rise due to CIM's multiple health and other policy benefits. These studies have conceptualised and measured CIM using various indicators, such as mobility licence, independent time spent outdoor, and territorial range. A major problem with these indicators is that they do not indicate

Background Remote drop-off programs allow children living “unwalkable” distances from school to walk partway by being dropped off by personal vehicle or bus closer to the school, supporting physical activity and health. However, little evidence exists to guide implementation of such programs. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants from 7 remote drop-off programs to capture

Introduction In France the number of injuries involving cyclists has risen over the last 10 years. With the widespread use of ICT devices, secondary tasks have become a major focus for transport safety research. They have also been identified as a predictor of collision. Although still scarce, this literature on cyclists’ secondary tasks identifies a recurrent profile. Young cyclists are in the spotlight

Introduction The promotion of walking for transportation is a promising strategy to address not only the traffic bottlenecks or environmental pollution but also to provide health benefits to the patrons. Nevertheless, as enhancing active modes of transportation, including trips to and from shops-is easier in small or medium cities, it is quite a complex task in big urban areas. Methods In the framework

Introduction Along with all public transit services, paratransit services for people with disabilities experienced substantially reduced demand and an increased need to provide equitable services while protecting their clients and staff's safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Paratransit services provide a lifeline for their clients' essential mobility needs, including access to medical appointments

Background Bike share has been hypothesized to be a phenomenon of social contagion. The current study describes the features of the social network of annual subscribers of the Citi Bike share system in NYC and the characteristics of those who ever took a trip with another member. Methods Associations comparing members who rode with others (social) to those who rode alone (non-social) on selected study

Context To enable human mobility, economic vitality, and population well-being in growing cities, well-planned transportation infrastructure is essential. However, transportation systems can also have detrimental impacts on health and equity, including through increased air pollution and its unequal social distribution. Aims This study focuses on estimating air quality and equity impacts of an ongoing

Introduction Active transportation (walking/cycling) has been inversely associated with numerous cardiometabolic outcomes, as well as CVD, cancer and overall mortality. Less is known about associations with subjective well-being and quality of life. Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2015 General Social Survey (Cycle 29 – Time Use) was used to investigate associations between commuting mode to work/school

Introduction The number of older drivers is quickly rising as the world's population is ageing. Driving was found to be essential in improving older people's quality of life. However, in assessing factors associated with driving in old age, previous studies have focused on medical conditions and sociodemographic factors, such as age and sex. Little is known about the effect of environment and social

Introduction Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable groups in traffic accidents. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies associated with pedestrian safety from the perspective of traffic and transport stakeholders. Methods In 2018, this mixed-method study with an explanatory design was conducted in two phases: a quantitative cross-sectional study (the first phase) was conducted among

Introduction Body size, a key risk factor for chronic diseases, is associated with longer commutes. This study assessed associations between residential proximity to capital city central business district (CBD), area-level commute distance, and individual-level body size (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), and whether commute distance partially explains associations between residential

Introduction School mobility and traffic in the areas surrounding the school buildings are crucial issues for both sustainability and road safety. The literature on children's safety and school mobility has focused mainly on identifying environmental risk factors for traffic injuries. Aims The present study analysed the characteristics of the traffic at the time of children leaving school to identify

Aims In recent years, many jurisdictions have legalized medicinal and/or recreational cannabis. Yet, limited information is available on the effects of cannabis commercialization (provision of legal supply of cannabis to adults through licensed retail outlets) on adverse outcomes, such as traffic fatalities. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on the effects of cannabis

Introduction Electric vehicles (EVs) are heavily promoted as beneficial for climate and health. In most studies, it is assumed that EVs contribution to urban air pollution is zero due to no tailpipe emissions, ignoring the contribution of non-exhaust particles (brake, tire and road wear), which are unregulated in EU. This study of Stockholm, Sweden, aims to 1) assess how a future vehicle fleet impacts

Introduction The Propensity to Cycle Tool (PCT) is a widely used free, open source and publicly available tool for modelling cycling uptake and corresponding health and carbon impacts in England and Wales. In this paper we present the methods for our new individual-level modelling representing all commuters in England and Wales. Methods Scenario commuter cycling potential in the PCT is modelled as

Background Despite the substantial evidence base for the health and economic benefits of walking and cycling, there remains a lack of published findings on the levels and benefits of active commuting at a national level. This study aimed to quantify the proportion of active commuters who met a daily equivalent of weekly physical activity recommendations through their commuting journeys, and the economic