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Multi-objective optimization of the cascade parameters of a torque converter based on CFD and a genetic algorithm Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Zilin Ran; Wenxing Ma; Chunbao Liu; Jing Li
It is hard to simultaneously improve the peak efficiency (η*) and the width of the high-efficiency region (Gη) for a hydrodynamic torque converter. A combination of comprehensive CFD simulation and multi-objective optimization was pretested. The elaborate CFD simulation calculation included a reasonable mesh layout, a robust algorithm and a correct turbulence model, whose results were also experimentally
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Critical review towards thermal management systems of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle with its electronic control unit and assessment tools Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 C Kannan; R Vignesh; C Karthick; B Ashok
Lithium-ion batteries are facing difficulties in an aspect of protection towards battery thermal safety issues which leads to performance degradation or thermal runaway. To negate these issues an effective battery thermal management system is absolute pre-requisite to safeguard the lithium-ion batteries. In this context to support the future endeavours and to improvise battery thermal management system
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Fault-tolerant control approach based on constraint control allocation for 4WIS/4WID vehicles Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Yang Liu; Changfu Zong; Dong Zhang; Hongyu Zheng; Xiaojian Han; Ming Sun
The four-wheel independently driven and steered electric vehicle is a promising vehicle model having a strong potential for handling stability, flexibility, and consumption reduction. However, failure of the actuators of 4WIS/4WID vehicles could lead to performance reduction and dangerous accidents owing to their complex system. A fault-tolerant control approach is adopted in the integrated chassis
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The control design of transverse interconnected electronic control air suspension based on seeker optimization algorithm Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Kai Cao; Zhiqiang Li; Yili Gu; Liuyang Zhang; Liqing Chen
In this paper, in the light of the problems of the traditional air suspension PID controller in the process of body height adjustment, such as the adjustment time is too long, the overshoot phenomenon is obvious, and the control parameters cannot be adjusted in real time, a PID transverse interconnected electronic control air suspension(TIECAS) system controller based on seeker optimization algorithm
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Research on risky driving behavior evaluation model based on CIDAS real data Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Lin Hu; Xingqian Bao; Miao Lin; Chao Yu; Fang Wang
This paper constructs an evaluation system that reflects dangerous driving behavior. The evaluation system has a three-layer structure model of “Evaluation Index-Performance Mode-Driving behavior score.” Verification of the feasibility of the model based on the relationship between the driver and the cause of the accident based on behavioral characteristics. First, the driving return survey data and
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Shared control strategy based on trajectory following and driver intention optimization Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Lanie Abi; Dafeng Jin; Cenbo Xiong; Xiaohui Liu; Liangyao Yu
During the emergency braking process on the split-μ road, the lateral stability of the vehicle is poor, and the intervention of ABS will cause corresponding lateral disturbance. It is difficult for the driver to control the vehicle accurately. Especially at the end of the braking process, due to the withdrawal of ABS, the increase in braking pressure causes the longitudinal force of the tires on both
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Investigation on clinching assembly process of automobile wheel hub bearings Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Wei Li; Qidi Chen; Yunsong Yang; Yunya Xiao; Maojun Li
In this study, a precise and high-efficient clinching assembly strategy was proposed to improve the automobile wheel hub bearing’s reliability of service quality consistency. The structure of the wheel hub bearing was first improved to enable the requirement of axial working clearance. During assembly, the accuracy of each bearing was monitored online via micro-laser sensor to achieve precise and consistent
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Dual-mode regenerative braking control strategy of electric vehicle based on active disturbance rejection control Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Dongsheng Sun; Junzhi Zhang; Chengkun He; Jinheng Han
The traditional regenerative braking control strategy usually uses the torque control mode and does not perform closed-loop control on the charging current, when the vehicle needs to be charged with a small current, the regenerative braking system cannot work effectively. The dual-mode regenerative braking control strategy proposed in this paper unifies the closed-loop control of regenerative current
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Evaluation and analysis of comprehensive performance of a brake pedal based on an improved analytic hierarchy process Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Yili Gu; Jinjie Xie; Hongji Liu; Yang Yang; Yudian Tan; Liqing Chen
Due to the considerable increase in car parc and the remarkable improvement in vehicle properties and cost performance, higher requirements are being placed on driving comfort. With regard to the braking system, the enhancement of the brake pedal feel is one of the ways to improve the comfort, and affecting factors include spatial layout, dynamic characteristics, and the characteristics matching with
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Experimental and numerical investigation on the heat transfer of an automotive engine’s turbocharger Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Hamed Basir; Ayat Gharehghani; Abolfazl Ahmadi; Seyed Mostafa Agha Mirsalim; Marc A Rosen
Measuring the temperature distribution in a complex and important engine part, such as a turbocharger, is essential for improving engine performance and efficiency. Heat transfer from the turbine to the compressor can strongly influence the turbocharger performance. One of the main measurement methods involves the installation of multiple K-type sensors. However, the location as well as the maximum
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Analytical modelling of laminar drag and freestream turbulence eddies on droplet breakup criterion for internal combustion engines Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Ogheneruona E Diemuodeke; Ilai Sher
The paper presents novel analytical droplet breakup criteria, on Weber number (We)-relative turbulence intensity and We-Ohnesorge (Oh) representations, based on the critical Weber number. The We-Oh analytical criterion stressed the importance of turbulence effects on We-Oh breakup criterion at high We-Oh applications. In developing the analytical models the energy criterion for a disturbed parent droplet
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Misfire detection of diesel engine based on convolutional neural networks Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Pan Zhang; Wenzhi Gao; Yong Li; Yanjun Wang
With the ever-stringent vehicles exhaust emission standard and higher requirements on on-board diagnostic technology, the importance of misfire detection in vehicle emission control is emerging. The performance of a traditional misfire detection algorithm predominantly depends on the features and classifier selected. Fixed and handcrafted features require either a reliable dynamic model of an engine
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Vehicle coupled bifurcation analysis of steering angle and driving torque Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Xianbin Wang; Shuming Shi
The mechanism of vehicle dynamics steering bifurcation has almost been confirmed. But the present steering bifurcation mechanism cannot explain the bifurcation phenomena caused by the driving torque. As a result, the vehicle coupled bifurcation analysis of the steering angle and driving torque has not been studied. Based on the five degrees of freedom (5DOF) vehicle system dynamics model with driving
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Investigation on the unsteadiness of centrifugal compressor exposed to pulsating backpressure Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Mengying Shu; Bijie Yang; Mingyang Yang; Ricardo F Martinez-Botas; Kangyao Deng
Centrifugal compressor is exposed to pulsating backpressure due to the movement of intake valves in internal combustion engine. The performance of compressor deviates from the steady performance map, which affects the matching between turbocharger and engine. The behavior of compressor system at pulsation conditions are investigated via an in-house developed 1D unsteady code validated by experimental
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Development and validation of a simplified automotive steering dynamic model Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Filippo Cianetti; Luca Fabellini; Valerio Formica; Francesco Ambrogi
This paper describes an innovative analytic/numerical method for modeling steering systems for automotive applications. Starting from a detailed literature analysis and pushed by vehicle manufacturers’ needs, a simplified steering dynamic model, characterized by few parameters, has been identified. It guarantees both the replication of the dynamic behavior of real systems, generally represented through
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Investigation of multi-event spark discharge strategy for lean methane-air combustion Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Hua Zhu; Xiao Yu; Li Liang; Ming Zheng; Graham Reader
The characterization of the single-coil repetitive discharge and the dual-coil offset discharge was conducted in a constant volume combustion chamber to better understand the operating principle of the multi-event spark ignition strategies. A parametric study of the dual-coil offset discharge was carried out through electric and optical diagnosis to identify the effective operational parameters, including
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Beta distribution-based knock probability map learning and spark timing control for SI engines Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Kai Zhao; Tielong Shen
In gasoline engines, the spark timing is often advanced to increase fuel economy under certain heavy load engine operating conditions. As a compromise between the risk of knock and the power output, spark timing is regulated at the boundary where a low knock probability is tolerated. Due to the stochasticity of binary knock events, it is necessary to have a large number of engine cycles for probability
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Modeling human-like longitudinal driver model for intelligent vehicles based on reinforcement learning Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Ju Xie; Xing Xu; Feng Wang; Haobin Jiang
The driver model is the decision-making and control center of intelligent vehicle. In order to improve the adaptability of intelligent vehicles under complex driving conditions, and simulate the manipulation characteristics of the skilled driver under the driver-vehicle-road closed-loop system, a kind of human-like longitudinal driver model for intelligent vehicles based on reinforcement learning is
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Tire–road friction coefficient estimation based on designed braking pressure pulse Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Juqi Hu; Subhash Rakheja; Youmin Zhang
Knowledge of tire–road friction coefficient (TRFC) is valuable for autonomous vehicle control and design of active safety systems. This paper investigates TRFC estimation on the basis of longitudinal vehicle dynamics. A two-stage TRFC estimation scheme is proposed that limits the disturbances to the vehicle motion. A sequence of braking pressure pulses is designed in the first stage to identify desired
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Robust steering assistance control for tracking large-curvature path considering uncertainties of driver’s steering behavior Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Jinxiang Wang; Zhenwu Fang; Mengmeng Dai; Guodong Yin; Jingjing Xia; Pu Li
A human-machine shared steering control is presented in this paper for tracking large-curvature path, considering uncertainties of driver’s steering characteristics. A driver-vehicle-road (DVR) model is proposed in which uncertain characteristic parameters are defined to describe the human driver’s steering behaviors in tracking large-curvature path. Then the radial basis function neural network (RBF)
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Energy loss and emissions of engine compression rings with cylinder deactivation Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Robert Turnbull; Nader Dolatabadi; Ramin Rahmani; Homer Rahnejat
A novel integrated multi-physics assessment of the piston top compression ring of an internal combustion engine under normal operation mode, as well as subjected to cylinder deactivation is carried out. The methodology comprises ring-liner thermo-mixed hydrodynamics, elastodynamics of ring, as well as combustion gas blow-by and emissions. Therefore, the analysis provides prediction of ring-liner contact’s
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Optimization of vehicle suspension parameters based on ride comfort and stability requirements Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Ryan Rodrigues Moreira Resende da Silva; Igor Lucas Reinaldo; Daniel Pinheiro Montenegro; Gustavo Simão Rodrigues; Elias Dias Rossi Lopes
The use of optimization methods in engineering is growing, allowing the best possible way to fulfill the requirements of the project. For vehicle suspensions, there are various conditions, which involve comfort, safety, stability, maneuverability, among others. A safety and stability evaluation is carried out by several tests, including Double Lane Change. In this maneuver, the vehicle must change
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Preceding vehicle following algorithm with human driving characteristics Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Feng Pan; Hong Bao
This paper proposes a new approach of using reinforcement learning (RL) to train an agent to perform the task of vehicle following with human driving characteristics. We refer to the ideal of inverse reinforcement learning to design the reward function of the RL model. The factors that need to be weighed in vehicle following were vectorized into reward vectors, and the reward function was defined as
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A dynamic trajectory planning method for lane-changing maneuver of connected and automated vehicles Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Xiao Liu; Jun Liang; Junwei Fu
This paper describes a dynamic trajectory planning method for lane-changing maneuver of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). The proposed dynamic lane-changing trajectory planning (DLTP) model adopts vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to generate an automated lane-changing maneuver with avoiding potential collisions and rollovers during the lane-changing process. The novelty of this method
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Research on pull-type multi-AGV system dynamic path optimization based on time window Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Hongying Shan; Chuang Wang; Cungang Zou; Mengyao Qin
This paper is a study of the dynamic path planning problem of the pull-type multiple Automated Guided Vehicle (multi-AGV) complex system. First, based on research status at home and abroad, the conflict types, common planning algorithms, and task scheduling methods of different AGV complex systems are compared and analyzed. After comparing the different algorithms, the Dijkstra algorithm was selected
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Evaluation of tractor driving comfort according to the steering angle and speed using a virtual prototype Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Qing Jiang; Weiqiang Ni; Xingju Zhang; Pushuang Chen; Liangyuan Xu; Yang Yang
As tractors mainly transit rural roads, drivers can suffer from harmful vibrations transmitted though their seats. Thus, the driving comfort in tractors with agricultural equipment should be evaluated. To investigate the effects of forward motion and front-wheel steering on the driving comfort of two-wheel-drive tractors with agricultural equipment, we establish a man–machine–road virtual prototype
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Formation mechanism of static pressure circumferential double-peak distribution in a centrifugal compressor under the action of downstream boundary Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Botai Su; Ce Yang; Hanzhi Zhang; Xin Shi; Li Fu; Hang Zhang
In the centrifugal compressor applied in the automobile turbochargers, the asymmetric structure of volute causes the non-uniform flow field in the impeller and compressor stall. The non-uniformity of the flow field in the compressor can be reflected by the casing-wall static pressure distribution. In this study, by removing the volute and directly imposing different simplified static pressure boundary
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Vibration control of improved LQG for wheel drive electric vehicle based on uncertain parameters Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Xueguang Yu; Xintian Liu; Xu Wang; Xiaolan Wang; Yansong Wang
To improve the ride comfort of wheel drive electric vehicle, a quarter dynamic model is established for vehicle active and passive suspension. Based on the response root mean square (RMS), the evaluation index of vehicle ride comfort is derived. According to the influence of uncertain parameters on system minimum RMS, the optimal vehicle parameters are determined. To avoid experience value of uncertain
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The comparison between traditional spark ignition and micro flame ignition in gasoline high dilution combustion Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Yifang Feng; Tao Chen; Kang Xu; Xinyan Wang; Hui Xie; Hua Zhao
Gasoline spark ignition (SI) – Controlled auto-ignition (CAI) hybrid combustion had previously been shown to expanding the operational range of high-efficiency low-temperature combustion and reducing fuel consumption. However, the spark ignition became ineffective when the mixture became highly diluted and the large cyclic variation and even misfire would occur. To achieve high-efficiency combustion
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Thermal management of an internal combustion engine focused on vehicle performance maximization: A numerical assessment Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Fabrício Thomaz; Augusto César Teixeira Malaquias; Glauber Assunção Resende de Paula; José Guilherme Coelho Baêta
In extreme ambient conditions, engine temperature and air charge temperature (ACT) can be so high that they compromise the vehicular performance. To preserve the structural engine reliability, it is necessary to reduce the load through an increase in the engine speed to maintain the power output, which minimizes fuel conversion efficiency degradation. However, high engine speeds also lead to enhanced
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Vacant parking slot detection and tracking during driving and parking with a standalone around view monitor Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Wei Li; Libo Cao; Lingbo Yan; Jiacai Liao; Zhen Wang
Due to distortion, limitations of vision, and occlusion, most of the existing vacant parking slot detection methods with a standalone around view monitor (AVM) are prone to miss some parking slots and incorrectly identify whether the parking slot is vacant. To overcome this problem, we propose a complete method for vacant parking slot detection and tracking during driving and parking. Considering the
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Modelling and characteristics of hybrid coupling hydro-pneumatic suspension for a seven-axle vehicle Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Tian Wen-Peng; Dou Jian-Ming; Xu Xin-Xin
A hybrid coupling scheme of parallel connection and contralateral cross-linking was proposed based on the characteristics of high centroid position and low rollover threshold on hydro-pneumatic suspension (HPS) for a seven-axle elevated platform vehicle. A dynamic model with 20 DOFs which can comprehensively reflect vehicle coupling vibration including vertical-lateral-longitudinal-transverse and the
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Real-time method for traffic sign detection and recognition based on YOLOv3-tiny with multiscale feature extraction Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Zhenxin Yao; Xinping Song; Lu Zhao; Yanhang Yin
As a part of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), the vehicle traffic sign detection and recognition system have been paid more attention by Intelligent transportation researchers, the traffic sign detection and recognition algorithm based on convolution neural network has great advantages in expansibility and robustness, but it still has great optimization space inaccuracy, computation and storage
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Optimization for speed regulation strategy of compound coupled hydro-mechanical transmission Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Jin Yu; Pengfei Shen; Zhao Wang; Yurun Song; Xiaohan Dong
Heavy duty vehicles, especially special vehicles, including wheel loaders and sprinklers, generally work with drastic changes in load. With the usage of a conventional hydraulic mechanical transmission, they face with these problems such as low efficiency, high fuel consumption and so forth. Some scholars focus on the research to solve these issues. However, few of them take into optimal strategies
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Analysis and suppression of in-wheel motor electromagnetic excitation of IWM-EV Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-20 Yiming Hu; Yinong Li; Zhe Li; Ling Zheng
The in-wheel motor (IWM) driving system has potential applications in electric vehicles (EV) due to its high integration and controllability. However, the IWM electromagnetic excitation, which acts on the wheels, can produce negative vibration and noise issues. This paper investigates the influence of electromagnetic excitation and suppression methods. An integrated model considering the electromagnetic
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Compensatory model predictive control for post-impact trajectory tracking via active front steering and differential torque vectoring Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Mingcong Cao; Chuan Hu; Rongrong Wang; Jinxiang Wang; Nan Chen
This paper investigates the trajectory tracking control of independently actuated autonomous vehicles after the first impact, aiming to mitigate the secondary collision probability. An integrated predictive control strategy is proposed to mitigate the deteriorated state propagation and facilitate safety objective achievement in critical conditions after a collision. Three highlights can be concluded
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Robust augmented H∞ shift control strategy for power-split system with a two-speed AMT gearbox of a heavy commercial vehicle Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Xiaohua Zeng; Zhenwei Wang; Dafeng Song; Dongpo Yang
The coordination control of a transmission system has gradually attracted more attention with the development of hybrid electric vehicles. However, nonlinear coupling of multiple power sources, superposition of different dynamic characteristics in multiple components, and withdrawal and intervention for a power-split powertrain with a two-speed automated manual transmission (AMT) gearbox can cause
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Upstream wind tunnel model mounting: The forgotten method for road vehicle aerodynamics Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Aleksandra Anna Rejniak; Alvin Gatto
A new method for supporting ground vehicle wind tunnel models is proposed. The technique employs a centrally mounted sting connecting the front face of the vehicle, adjacent to the floor, to a fixed point further upstream. Experiments were conducted on a 1/24th-scale model, representative of a Heavy Goods Vehicle, at a width-based Reynolds number of 2.3 × 105, with detailed comparisons made to more
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Human-vehicle dynamic model with driver’s neuromuscular characteristic for shared control of autonomous vehicle Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Wei Hanbing; Wu Yanhong; Chen Xing; Xu Jin; Rahul Sharma
Over a long period of time, the fully autonomous vehicle is far from commercial application. The concept of ‘human-vehicle shared control (HVSC)’ provides a promising solution to enhance autonomous driving safety. In order to characterize the evolution of the driver’s feature in the process of HVSC, a dynamics model of HVSC with the driver’s neuromuscular characteristic is proposed in this paper. It
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A framework for development of real-world motorcycle driving cycle in India Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Masilamani Sithananthan; Ravindra Kumar
This paper proposed a framework for development of real-world driving cycle in India after a thorough review and comparison of motorcycle driving cycles used in different countries. A limited state-of-the art work for the development of driving cycles for motorcycles is available. The motorcycle driving cycles developed by different countries differ from each other in terms of their driving cycle characteristics
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Path planning and robust fuzzy output-feedback control for unmanned ground vehicles with obstacle avoidance Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Yimin Chen; Chuan Hu; Yechen Qin; Mingjun Li; Xiaolin Song
Obstacle avoidance strategy is important to ensure the driving safety of unmanned ground vehicles. In the presence of static and moving obstacles, it is challenging for the unmanned ground vehicles to plan and track the collision-free paths. This paper proposes an obstacle avoidance strategy consists of the path planning and the robust fuzzy output-feedback control. A path planner is formed to generate
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3D orthogonal multi-resolution analysis of flow structures around an improved vehicle external mirror Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Lin Dong; Akira Rinoshika
This paper proposes vehicle door mirrors with a tip shape and ditch to reduce the aerodynamic drag. The mean drag coefficients Cd of various mirror models were first measured using load cells within a 103–105 Reynolds number range in a wind tunnel. The Cd of controlled mirrors with different ditch widths remained constant at approximately 0.75 and was lower than that of conventional mirrors. Using
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Improvement of the adhesive bonding properties of an polyamide 6 injection molded fiber reinforced plastic component by laser beam pre-treatment Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Josef Weiland; Hagen Dittmar; Christoph JA Beier; Chiranth Ramesh; Bernd Marx; Alexander Schiebahn; Peter Jaeschke; Ludger Overmeyer; Uwe Reisgen
Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) are widely used in the automotive industry due to their lightweight construction potential. Especially, injection-molded components are very popular because of their short cycle times. Unfortunately, this manufacturing process results in some disadvantages for delayed adhesive bonding. On the one hand, such thermoplastics have a very low surface energy (Polyamide 6 (PA6)
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Influence of balanced suspension on handling stability and ride comfort of off-road vehicle Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Qiang Chen; Xian-Xu Frank Bai; An-Ding Zhu; Di Wu; Xue-Cai Deng; Zhi-Dong Li
Handing stability and ride comfort, basic indexes to evaluate vehicle performance, usually cannot be guaranteed simultaneously. Given the contradiction between the two indexes, a new type of suspension – balanced suspension, has attracted wide attentions for years. Balanced suspensions are a device that converts the movement of a wheel into force at the other wheels through a mechanical or hydraulic
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AEB effectiveness research methods based on reconstruction results of truth vehicle-to-TW accidents in China Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Yong Peng; Weifeng Yu; Xinghua Wang; Qian Xu; Honggang Wang; Wenguang Wu
Vehicle-to-TW accidents are one of the largest components of traffic accidents system in China, which always leads to severe accident consequences because the cyclists are vulnerable road users and drive at a high collision velocity. With the development of information and communication technology, automated Emergency Braking (AEB) system has been applied to modern vehicles, which can perform emergency
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Effects of different droplet dispersion modeling methods on diesel spray simulation in Eulerian-Lagrangian framework Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Mian Yang; Yuanpei Chen; Yiming Shao
The realistic prediction of spray dynamics and dispersion is one of the main tasks of the combustion simulations in diesel engines. Usually, droplet dispersion modeling accuracy can be improved by the development of turbulence models and stochastic dispersion models. Although droplet dispersion due to turbulence is an important phenomenon in high-velocity fuel sprays, studies on the effect of these
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Obstacle-avoidance algorithm design for autonomous vehicles considering driver subjective feelings Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Weishun Deng; Huan Guo; Kaijiong Zhang; Mengqi Lin; Xi Zhang; Fan Yu
Normally, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are limited to be widely used in market not only for technical factors, but also psychological reasons. Considering the psychological feelings of drivers during switching manned to unmanned operation modes, an algorithm for avoiding obstacles is designed for AVs by considering driver psychological feelings. A so-called confidence-limit-distance (denoted as CLD) for
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Torque ripple compensation control for hybrid UGVs in mode transition based on current harmonic control of a PMSM Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Wei Zhang; Hui Liu; Xun Zhang; Yunhao Wu; Pu Gao; Zhen Wang; Wannian Zhang
Load jumping and mode transitions both cause the unstable dynamic states for compound power-split hybrid Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs), and these phenomena lead to vibrations of the transmission system and longitudinal buffeting of the vehicle. This study presents a feed-forward compensation control strategy for load jumping and mode transitions to reduce the corresponding torsional vibration in
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Integrated longitudinal and lateral control for autonomous vehicles with active load transfer strategy at the handling limits Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Lu Xiong; Xing Yang; Bo Leng; Renxie Zhang; Zhiqiang Fu; Guirong Zhuo
In order to avoid collisions in emergency conditions, the autonomous vehicle may be necessitated to maneuvers up to their handling limits. In these scenarios, the vehicle must be able to react quickly although the longitudinal and lateral coupled and nonlinear dynamics are significantly enhanced. To improve the accuracy of trajectory tracking and vehicle stability at the handling limits, this paper
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Tractive performance prediction for wheeled unmanned vehicles based on dynamics and discrete element method Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Wen-Hao Wang; Xiao-Jun Xu; Hai-Jun Xu; Li-Ya Wang
Tractive performance is a key factor affecting the field mobility of unmanned vehicles. Presently, studies on the tractive performance of unmanned vehicles mainly focus on the tractive performance of a single wheel, but few studies have used the discrete element method to predict the tractive performance of vehicles. In this paper, a method based on dynamics and discrete elements is proposed to predict
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Optimal kinematic synthesis of 6 bar rack and pinion Ackerman steering linkage Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Debendra Pradhan; Krishanu Ganguly; Biswajit Swain; Haraprasad Roy
In this article, synthesis and simultaneous optimization of a steering mechanism is proposed for enhancing the cornering performance of a Formula Students competition car. A planar six-bar steering mechanism is synthesized assuming it as two separate slider-crank arrangements with a rigid link between the sliders. Numerical optimization is performed using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), which
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Impacts of decarbonization on the automotive after sales sector: A review of evidence Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Jorge Eslava-Bautista; Caitlin D Cottrill; Mark Beecroft
Automotive after sales, which include provision of spare parts, customer service, and accessories sales, is one of the most profitable parts of the automotive industry and provides for an ongoing relationship with the customer. In times of recession, performance of after sales remains steady as it is highly independent of macroeconomic behaviors and keeps outstanding margins. Current automotive after
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Synthesis and comparative analysis of three model-based observers for normal load and friction estimation in intelligent tyre concepts Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Luigi Romano; Salvatore Strano; Mario Terzo
Recently, the growing trends towards autonomous driving and full automation of terrestrial vehicles have intensified the need for intelligent and interconnected systems to collect and communicate reliable data in real-time. Since the tyres represent the primary sensing system between the vehicle and the ground, it comes natural to designate them to acquire information about their interaction with the
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Development of a parametric packaging and sizing tool for autonomous electric bus system Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-25 Ganesh Sethuraman; Phi Robert Tran; Aybike Ongel; Markus Lienkamp; Pongsathorn Raksincharoensak
The demand for autonomous electric public transport is increasing globally. New vehicle models and variants are increasing the development complexity and hence the overall development time. Therefore, there is a requirement for a vehicle-packaging tool that can translate user inputs into an optimised vehicle package and can be visualised instantly. The aim of this paper is to develop a parametric tool
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Numerical and experimental research on flow and aerodynamic noise characteristics of coach Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Yifei Chang; Zhigang Yang; Qiliang Li
The researches on flow and aerodynamic noise characteristics of coaches are urgently needed to improve with the rapid development of new energy coaches. In this paper, tests in model wind tunnel and numerical calculations were carried out to study the phenomenon of flow and aero-noise on 1:25 scale model coach. Based on large eddy simulation (LES) and detached eddy simulation (DES), reliable numerical
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Super-twisting algorithm with fast super-twisting disturbance observer for steer-by-wire vehicles Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Yong Yang; Yunbing Yan; Xiaowei Xu; Bian Gong
The control performance of a vehicle steer-by-wire (SBW) system can be seriously affected by vagaries of tyre-road conditions and external disturbance. Aiming at the problem of fast estimating and compensating the time-varying disturbance torque acting on the front wheels under different working conditions, this article presents a super-twisting algorithm (STA) combined with fast super-twisting disturbance
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Model reference adaptive LQT control for anti-jerk utilizing tire-road interaction characteristics Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Yunpeng Yue; Ying Huang; Donghao Hao; Guoming G Zhu
Sudden vehicle propulsion torque change under tip-in/out maneuver often leads to low-frequency longitudinal vibration due to the flexibility in the half-shaft and tire slip, which greatly affects vehicle drivability. Note that the vibration frequency is between 1 and 10 Hz and is difficult to be absorbed by the vehicle mechanical system. To optimize the vehicle drivability under tip-in maneuver, an
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Driving-behavior-oriented trajectory planning for autonomous vehicle driving on urban structural road Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Dequan Zeng; Zhuoping Yu; Lu Xiong; Junqiao Zhao; Peizhi Zhang; Yishan Li; Lang Xia; Ye Wei; Zhiqiang Li; Zhiqiang Fu
A novel driving-behavior-oriented method is proposed in this paper for improving trajectory planning performance of autonomous vehicle driving on urban structural road. Differ from the irregularity and unpredictability of escaping a maze or travelling on off-road, the driving on road emphasizes more on the compliance of road traffic rules and the satisfaction of passenger comfort rather than purely
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A new method for performance map prediction of automotive turbocharger compressors with both vaneless and vaned diffusers Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Xiaojian Li; Yijia Zhao; Zhengxian Liu; Huadong Yao; Hua Chen
A new approach to predict the performance maps of automotive turbocharger compressors is presented. Firstly, a polynomial equation is applied to fit the experimental data of flow coefficient ratios for the centrifugal compressors with both vaneless and vaned diffusers. Based on this equation, the choke and surge flow coefficients under different machine Mach numbers can be quickly predicted. Secondly
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An adaptive prediction method based on data stream mining for future driving cycle of vehicle Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automob. Eng. (IF 1.384) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Cong Liu; Yong Chen; Li Zhao
Due to complex and changeable driving cycles in urban roads, it is a challenging task for most of the current control strategies utilized in vehicles to adapt to the driving environment. At the same time, hardware requirements for storing and processing a massive amount of streaming data are increasing, which lead to excessive accumulated errors and high computational cost. To deal with this problem