Weirs and barrages are costly hydraulic diversion structures; therefore, any attempt to improve their design is a worthy contribution. Diversion structures, such as weir or barrage, may be designed on permeable formations considering homogenous soil properties. But in reality, soil properties are hardly homogeneous. In this paper, an approach is described to determine an economically efficient barrage

Flood wave superposition (FWS) of upstream and tributary rivers, as a typical compound hydrological event, may lead to considerable downstream flood hazards. In spite of this, the quantitative identification of FWS classification so far remains elusive. In this study, we quantitatively examined the typical matching patterns of FWS based on flood peak magnitude and timing between the upstream and tributary

Evolving optimal management strategies are essential for the sustainable development of water resources. A coupled simulation-optimization model that links the simulation and optimization models internally through a response matrix approach is developed for the conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water in meeting irrigation water demand and municipal water supply, while ensuring groundwater

Optimal operation of multi-objective reservoirs is one of the complex and, sometimes nonlinear, issues in multi-objective hydrologic system optimization. Meta-heuristic algorithms are good optimization tools which look for decision space via simulating the behavior of animals and providing the possibility for presenting a set of points as a set of problem solutions. Therefore, in this study, developing

One of the greatest challenges in the electricity generation sector is to operate hydrothermal plants in view of the randomness of hydrological events and climate change, that may impact the inflows into the systems. In several Brazilian watersheds, conflicts among water users are already registered, in addition to inflow changes that affect the electricity generation system. The São Francisco River

To promote the harmonious development of human and water resources, the scarcity and ecological value of water resources should be considered in water resource allocation. In this paper, synergetic theory was applied to the process of water resource allocation, and we constructed a synergetic theory-based water resource allocation model by investigating the synergetic principle of each link of water

Effectively assessing crucial monitoring sites with suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is a vital challenge for achieving accurate prediction of sediment flux on sluice gates at a dam in a reservoir watershed. To address this issue, an assessment framework based on a core concept of Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy is proposed in this study. First, for the reasonable training

Dynamic Programming (DP) is one of the most classical methods adopted for reservoir operation. It reduces the computational efforts of complex high-dimensional problems by piecewise dimensionality reduction and provides the global optimums of the problems, but it suffers the “curse of dimensionality”. Progressive Optimality Algorithm (POA) has been used repeatedly in reservoir operation studies during

This study presents a procedure to estimate more accurate direct surface runoff from large rainfall (>25.4 mm)-runoff events. Improved models (M5-M7) are derived by coupling two concepts: (i) initial abstraction as 2% of the total rainfall and (ii) runoff coefficient = degree of saturation. Performance of ten different models including the original SCS-CN method (M1), Mishra and Singh 2002 (M2), Mishra

Risk analysis is vital for reservoir flood control operation considering forecast because forecast uncertainties may create risks of multiple hazard events, including the single-hazard events, the union and intersection of single-hazard events (UHE and IHE). The probability of UHE and IHE are the major concern of decision-makers. This research proposes an analytical flood risk probability calculation

Estimation of crop water requirement (CWR) is key to the rational water use and agricultural water conservation in arid regions. Using remote sensing data to obtain long-term CWR over large areas helps water resources management in water-scarce areas. This study, taking the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in arid northwest China as the study area, investigated the feasibility of synergistically using phenological

This study proposes an approach for the uncertainty quantification at each stage of a single hydrological process of water level predictions based on different sources of mean areal precipitation (MAP) forecasts by using an adaptive Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. The MAP forecasts are derived from the McGill Algorithm for Precipitation Nowcasting by Lagrangian Extrapolation (MAPLE)

Flood risk maps are important references for disaster prevention and emergency response. The accuracy of risk maps is greatly affected by the resolutions of hazard and vulnerability maps. To determine the impact of map resolutions on flood risk analysis, a total of 12 risk maps were generated for Shanhua District, Taiwan, via the integration of hazard and vulnerability maps under two resolutions and

This study aimed to apply the Markovian Model (MM) to obtain optimized operating rules for a hydropower reservoir to maximize its efficiency. In this study, a Markovian Control Model with continuous state space (MCM-CSS) is presented to analyze the climatological effects through stochastic integrals. The MCM-CSS compute the optimal policies of hydropower reservoir system over the Grijalva Hydropower

Sensitivity analysis of urban flood model parameters is important for urban flood simulation. Efficient and accurate acquisition of sensitive parameters is the key to real-time model calibration. In order to quickly obtain the sensitive runoff parameters of the urban flood simulation model, this study proposes an artificial neural network-based identification method for sensitive parameters. Artificial

In China, under the premise that the water quantity allocation and water quality control targets for transboundary rivers have been determined, ecocompensation between upstream and downstream areas is urgently needed in management practice when targets cannot be met in the transboundary section. A dynamic accounting method for ecocompensation standards needs to be established at the scientific level

Intensifying urban stormwater runoff and pollution caused by urbanization and climate change threatens property and lives in cities around the world. Low-impact development (LID) is an effective approach to improve urban flood resistance, but there is a lack of quantitative evaluation criteria to determine the best scenario in the newly built and built-up urban areas. In this study, based on the Fuzzy

This study aims to construct two hedging policies based on current storage and two auxiliary factors (past storage trend and future standardized streamflow index (SSI) and compare the effects on reservoir performance in terms of shortage characteristics (maximum single-period shortage ratio, total shortage ratio, average water shortage per shortage period, and risk) during droughts. The proposed approach

Prediction of long-term rainfall patterns is a highly challenging task in the hydrological field due to random nature of rainfall events. The contribution of monthly rainfall is important in agriculture and hydrological tasks. This paper proposes two data-driven models, namely biogeography-based extreme learning machine (BBO-ELM) and deep neural network (DNN), to predict one, two, and three month-ahead

Reliable and precise forecasts of future groundwater level fluctuations are crucial constituents of sustainable management of scarce water resources and design of remediation plans. Groundwater simulations and predictions are often performed by employing physically based models, which are not applicable in a majority of water scarce areas around the globe, particularly in the developing countries like

The hydrological properties of a river basin are extremely affected by the construction of a dam. The discharges and sediment flow distribution, in a modified river basin will not be the same as to a natural catchment. Hydrological models contextually focus on a natural river basin without any modification. Unfortunately, most of the river basins have been under such modification, which is not favorable

The empirical literature on residential water demand employs various data aggregation methods, which depend on whether the aggregation is over consumption, sociodemographic variables, or both. In this study, we distinguish three dataset types—aggregated data, disaggregated data, and semi-aggregated data—to compare the consequences of using a large sample of semi-aggregated data vis-à-vis a small sample

Rainfall-runoff (r-r) modeling at different time scales is considered as a significant issue in hydro-environmental planning. As a first hydrological implementation, for one-time-ahead r-r modeling of two watersheds with totally distinct climatic conditions, Genetic Algorithm (GA, as a global search technique) and Emotional Artificial Neural Network (EANN, as a new production of Artificial Intelligence

Hydro Unit Commitment (HUC) is an important problem of power systems and when it is dealt with via a mathematical programming approach and optimization, it leads to the complicated class of mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). Many attempts have been made to solve the problem efficiently, while there is still ongoing research to come up with better solution schemes in terms of runtime and optimality

Increasing water use efficiency in the agricultural sector requires the use of appropriate methods for intelligent performance evaluation of surface water distribution systems in agriculture. Therefore, in this study a systematic approach was developed for operational performance appraisal of the agricultural water distribution systems. For this purpose, Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), Artificial Neural

The construction and operation of sluices and dams inevitably change the natural state of river hydrology and have an impact on river ecosystems. Therefore, simulating the hydrological processes of sluice-controlled rivers is of great significance to river water resource management and ecological restoration. The present study analyzed the complex characteristics of the water cycle of sluice-controlled

Evaluation of possible sources of uncertainty and their influence on water resource planning and extreme hydrological characteristics are very important for extreme risk reduction and management. The main objective is to identify and holistically address the uncertainty propagation from the input data to the frequency of hydrological extremes. This novel uncertainty estimation framework has four stages

Groundwater being an essential resource is not easily available in some parts of the world. The present study, aimed at procuring better prediction maps for groundwater potential zones, is based on a novel approach combining the use of k-fold cross-validation method and the implementation of four scenarios, each comprising of six machine learning models, ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System)

Climate and land-use changes can alter the dynamics of hydro-climatic extremes by modifying the flow regimes. Here, we have attempted to disentangle the relationship between changing environmental conditions and hydro-climatic extremes considering associated uncertainties for the Subarnarekha, a flood prone-basin of India. A comprehensive, integrated modelling system was developed that incorporates

Recently many runoff models based on cellular automaton (CA) have been developed to simulate floods; however, the existing models cannot be readily applied to complex urban environments. This study proposes a novel rainfall-runoff model based on CA (RRCA) to simulate inundation. Its main contributions include a fine runoff generation process that considers 12 urban scenarios rather than a single land

This paper aims to evaluate the possibility of using non-utilized hydraulic energy in urban water distribution systems. For this purpose, the viability and possible alternatives of installing conventional turbines or pumps working as turbines (PATs = Pumps as Turbines) at the head of pressure hydraulic networks in two towns in the province of Huelva have been studied: Cañaveral de León and Aracena

Short-term water demand forecasting has always been a hot research topic in the field of water distribution systems, and many researchers have developed a wide variety of methods based on different prediction periodicities. However, few studies have paid attention to using ensemble learning methods for short-term water demand forecasting. In this study, an ensemble-learning-based method was developed

Optimal operation of multireservoir flood control systems is a nonlinear and high-dimensional problem. For a parallel multireservoir system, the impact of joint compensation flood control operation for each reservoir on reducing the peak flow downstream should be considered. This study proposed an optimization method called the stagewise compensation method (SWCM) for flood control operation of a parallel

The reference evapotranspiration (ET0) plays a significant role especially in agricultural water management and water resources planning for irrigation. It can be calculated using different empirical equations and forecasted by applying various artificial intelligence techniques. The simulation result of a machine learning technique is a function of its structure and model inputs. The purpose of this

Suspended sediments, one of the most important factors affecting the water environments of inland lakes, are closely related to the migration and interaction of various pollutants. Existing studies show that the suspended sediment concentration can be accurately predicted based on assimilation methods coupled with hydrodynamic models. However, in the hydrological assimilation simulation process, the

The nexus approach is a promising method used to address issues regarding environmental dilemmas. However, effective consumption-based and production-based nexus governance strategies are not well understood. Using data envelopment analysis and China’s provincial data for 2017, this study analysed the input–output efficiency of the water-energy-food nexus by considering production-based intensity,

In this study, the soft computing technique of Gene expression programming (GEP) has been employed to generate a predictive equation of infiltration rate (fp). Infiltration experiments were conducted at 124 different sites and soil samples were collected to assess various soil properties throughout the Himalayan lake catchment. Parameters determined from observed data using nonlinear-Levenberg Marquardt

To explore the applicability of HEC-HMS and its parameter regionalization in small ungauged watersheds in hilly areas, this paper takes hydrological divisions III and IV of Henan Province as the research area. The HEC-HMS model is applied to three typical small watersheds in Luanchuan, Gaocheng and Xiahecun. On the basis of verifying the validity of the model, the regression relationships between model

To overcome the difficulty of collecting fine-grained terrain data that is important for flood modelling, this work presents a method for the application of UAV-based LiDAR techniques to drive high-resolution flood propagation and inundation modelling. This paper comprehensively introduces the UAV platform, LiDAR sensor and data processing techniques required and proposes the approach for obtaining

Flash flood disaster ranks top among all the natural hazards across the world due to its high frequency, severity and fatality. However, flash flood simulation is still challenging in small and medium-sized catchments with complex orography, flashy hydrological responses and poor observations. Three distributed hydrological models, i.e., TOPModel, HEC and CNFF, are selected to simulate flash floods

Timely assessment of the structural safety status of water diversion projects and taking necessary preventive measures are the primary conditions to ensure the safe operation of large-scale diversion structures. This paper proposes an integrated visualization framework based on the Building Information Model (BIM) to support the safety management of water diversion projects. The framework integrates

The mixed land covers encompassing bridges (MLB) are integral indicator of the socio-economic hydrological system, and their progressions are vital for flood risk assessment. However, most of the previous studies have neglected a thorough evaluation of MLBs (e.g., types, areas, and depths) on impacting flood vulnerability. This paper addresses this research gap by methodically assessing the spatial

Assessing the impact of climate change on water demand is a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel methodology that quantifies this impact by establishing a link between water demand and weather based on climate change scenarios, via Coupled General Circulation Models. These models simulate the response of the global climate system to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations by reproducing atmospheric

Optimal design and operation of a hydropower reservoir is a complex optimization problem in terms of formulation and solution. In this study, a simulation–optimization model is developed for simultaneous design and operation of hydropower dams. WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning) as the water resources planning simulation software is coupled with the Invasive Weeds Optimization (IWO) as the optimization

Increasing global trends in time series of annual maximum daily streamflow (AMX) raise the concern that the safety of dams and other sensitive structures is compromised. There is no defined methodology to estimate the design flood (DF) under non-stationarity; thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate the behavior of the hydrological risk of Brazilian dams due to the non-stationary nature of the

Data availability and accessibility often present challenges to resolving regional water management issues. One primary input essential to models and other tools used to inform policy decisions is daily precipitation. Since observed datasets are not always present or accessible, data from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) have become a potential alternative. A comparison of CFSR precipitation

Piano key weirs (PKWs) are an improved form of labyrinth weirs, which are becoming popular as a more hydraulically efficient and cost-effective type of weir over its counterparts for both spillway and river flow conditions. More than thirty PKWs are already in construction worldwide, with constructions in India at Swara Kuddu. More than twenty parameters influence the flow over a PKW, and as such,

Modeling of extreme values like annual maxima’s is important in many applications. Pearson Type-3 (PE3) distribution is an important probability distribution, widely used for modeling of extreme values with a variety of estimation methods. The focus of this study is to assess the effects of three methods of estimation of parameters for PE3 distribution namely L-moments (LM), maximum likelihood estimation

Linked simulation-optimization (S/O) approaches have been extensively used as tools in coastal aquifer management. However, parameter uncertainties in seawater intrusion (SI) simulation models often undermine the reliability of the derived solutions. In this study, a stochastic S/O framework is presented and applied to a real-world case of the Longkou coastal aquifer in China. The three conflicting

The traditional operation of the cascade hydropower stations system (CHPS) mainly focus on the maximization of power generation benefits, but ignores the interference of CHPS operation to the river ecosystem, therefore, carrying out the multi-objective optimal operation (MOOP) of CHPS considering ecological demands is crucial. In this paper, a MOOP model considering the ecological objective is established

Floods occurring in alluvial fans are very peculiar and hazardous, due to the mobility of the channel in the regions. Such mobility increases the uncertainty of the course to be occupied by the water or the debris flow, which makes hazard mapping more complex. Since the flow in alluvial fans is three-dimensional, the flood mapping in these regions without hydrological data can be unfeasible. Then,

Most real-world networks, from the World-Wide-Web to biological systems, are known to have common structural properties. A remarkable point is fractality, which suggests the self-similarity across scales of the network structure of these complex systems. Managing the computational complexity for detecting the self-similarity of big-sized systems represents a crucial problem. In this paper, a novel

Best management practices (BMP) seek to mimic the pre-development hydrological behavior by increasing infiltration and reducing runoff. However, its use worldwide is still scarce. This work presented a methodology for prioritizing areas for the allocation of BMP to counteract the negative effects of urbanization. It was proposed the allocation of bioretention cells, rain gardens, permeable pavement

In this study, operation policies were obtained for a reservoir in Michoacán, Mexico, used for irrigation and domestic water supplies. The main purpose of these policies is to optimize the uses of the water, an increasingly scarce resource everywhere. Two optimization methodologies were used; stochastic dynamic programming, that provides release decisions for each stage, and genetic algorithms coupled

This paper aims to evaluate the effects of the opening width of a dam site on the evolution of partial dam-break waves over a fixed dry bed. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to scrutinize the propagation of the dam-break free surface. The model was validated using experimental data provided in the literature. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the size of the mesh cells

In the context of climate stress, urbanisation and population growth, design and planning tools that assist in decentralised and environmental infrastructural planning are becoming more common. In order to support the design of increasingly complex urban water infrastructure systems; accurate and easily obtainable spatial databases describing land cover types are crucial. Accordingly, a methodology

The water footprint has developed into a widely-used concept to examine water use and resulting local impacts caused during agricultural and industrial production. Building on recent advancements in the water footprint concept, it can be an effective steering instrument to support, inter alia, achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) - SDG 6 in particular. Within the research program “Water as

Bursts of drinking water pipes not only cause loss of drinking water, but also damage below and above ground infrastructure. Short-term water demand forecasting is a valuable tool in burst detection, as deviations between the forecast and actual water demand may indicate a new burst. Many of burst detection methods struggle with false positives due to non-seasonal water consumption as a result of e

Some previous studies have proved that prediction models using traditional overall decomposition sampling (ODS) strategy are unreasonable because the subseries obtained by the ODS strategy contain future information to be predicted. It is, therefore, necessary to put forward a new sampling strategy to fix this defect and also to improve the accuracy and reliability of decomposition-based models. In