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Physiological, Developmental, and Biomarker Responses of Zebrafish Embryos to Sub-Lethal Exposure of Bendiocarb Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Gyöngyi Gazsi; Zsolt Czimmerer; Bence Ivánovics; Izabella Roberta Berta; Béla Urbányi; Zsolt Csenki-Bakos; András Ács
Bendiocarb is a broad-spectrum insecticide recommended for malaria control by the World Health Organization (WHO). Still, bendiocarb poses a toxic risk to populations of nontargeted aquatic organisms. Thus, our study was aimed to evaluate the sub-lethal effects of bendiocarb exposure on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by assessing of physiological, developmental, and biochemical parameters. Bendiocarb-induced
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Using Critical Environmental Agency to Engage Teachers in Local Watersheds through Water Quality Citizen Science Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Lacey D. Huffling; Heather C. Scott
This qualitative study explores teachers’ critical environmental agency (CEA) through deepening content knowledge, engaging in identity development, developing a critical consciousness of place, and moving toward civic action. We explored the meanings secondary science teachers made of an on-going professional development (PD) situated in the Okefenokee Swamp (unique ecosystem that drains to Gulf of
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Evaluation of Hydrological Alterations at the Sub-Daily Scale Caused by a Small Hydroelectric Facility Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Camila C. Braun-Cruz; Hans Mario Tritico; Renato Leandro Beregula; Pierre Girard; Peter Zeilhofer; Letícia de Souza Ribeiro; Ibraim Fantin-Cruz
This work aims to evaluate the hydrologic changes caused by a small hydropower plant on the watercourse in which it is installed. Since hydrologic research with data of temporal frequencies less than a day is less common than daily measurements, there are few indicators and methodologies capable of treating such records. For this reason, 17 indicators are proposed which describe the magnitude, duration
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Adsorption Performance of Modified Fly Ash for Copper Ion Removal from Aqueous Solution Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Gabriela Buema; Maria Harja; Nicoleta Lupu; Horia Chiriac; Loredana Forminte; Gabriela Ciobanu; Daniel Bucur; Roxana Dana Bucur
The initial characteristics of Romanian fly ash from the CET II Holboca power plant show the feasibility of its application for the production of a new material with applicability in environmental decontamination. The material obtained was characterized using standard techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA)
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Cometabolism of the Superphylum Patescibacteria with Anammox Bacteria in a Long-Term Freshwater Anammox Column Reactor Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Suguru Hosokawa; Kyohei Kuroda; Takashi Narihiro; Yoshiteru Aoi; Noriatsu Ozaki; Akiyoshi Ohashi; Tomonori Kindaichi
Although the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has attracted attention regarding its application in ammonia wastewater treatment based on its efficiency, the physiological characteristics of anammox bacteria remain unclear because of the lack of pure-culture representatives. The coexistence of heterotrophic bacteria has often been observed in anammox reactors, even in those fed with synthetic
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Effects of Biochar Addition on Rice Growth and Yield under Water-Saving Irrigation Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Xi Chen; Shihong Yang; Jie Ding; Zewei Jiang; Xiao Sun
To reveal the effect of biochar addition on rice growth and yield under water-saving irrigation, a 2-year field experiment was carried out to clarify the variations of rice tiller number, plant height, yield components, and irrigation water use efficiency with different biochar application amounts (0, 20, 40 t/ha) and irrigation management (flooding irrigation and water-saving irrigation). The results
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Minimization of N2O Emission through Intermittent Aeration in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR): Main Behavior and Mechanism Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Tang Liu; Shufeng Liu; Shishi He; Zhichao Tian; Maosheng Zheng
To explore the main behavior and mechanism of minimizing nitrous oxide (N2O) emission through intermittent aeration during wastewater treatment, two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors operated at intermittently aerated mode (SBR1), and continuously aerated mode (SBR2) were established. Compared with SBR2, the intermittently aerated SBR1 reached not only a higher total nitrogen removal efficiency (averaged
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Aquatic Ecosystem Health Assessment of Poyang Lake through Extension Evaluation Method Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Yanhui Zhang; Hongyun Zhu; Bing Li; Guishan Yang; Rongrong Wan
Freshwater lakes encounter a series of problems, such as a decline in lake water quality, a sharp decrease in biodiversity, and ecological degradation. As such, lacustrine studies by highly skilled professionals and managers with water resources at home and abroad have focused on assessing the aquatic ecosystem health status of lakes. In this study, the health status of the aquatic ecosystem in the
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Characteristics of Hydrochemistry and Stable Isotopes in a Karst Region in Samcheok, Republic of Korea Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Jiwook Jang; Jin-Yong Lee; Heejung Kim
Karst regions cover approximately 10% of the Korean Peninsula and are highly vulnerable to contamination. In this study, five field surveys were conducted between 2017 and 2019 to examine the monthly and seasonal changes in the hydro-environment of a characteristic karst region in Samchoek, South Korea. During the surveys, a total of 24 surface water samples were collected and analyzed for field water
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The Evaluation of the Accuracy of Interpolation Methods in Crafting Maps of Physical and Hydro-Physical Soil Properties Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Dušan Igaz; Karol Šinka; Peter Varga; Gréta Vrbičanová; Elena Aydın; Andrej Tárník
The goal of this study was the spatial processing and showcasing selected soil properties (available water capacity, total organic carbon content and the content of clay fraction <0.001 mm) in the Nitra River Basin (Slovakia) via the usage and the subsequent evaluation of the quality of applied interpolation methods (Spline, inverse distance weighting (IDW), Topo to Raster). The results showed the
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Possibility of Humid Municipal Wastes Hygienisation Using Gliding Arc Plasma Reactor Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Joanna Pawłat; Piotr Terebun; Michał Kwiatkowski; Katarzyna Wolny-Koładka
Sterilization of municipal waste for a raw material for the production of refuse-derived fuel and to protect surface and ground waters against biological contamination during transfer and storage creates a lot of problems. This paper evaluates the antimicrobial potential of non-equilibrium plasma in relation to the selected groups of microorganisms found in humid waste. The proposed research is to
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Modeling Insights into Precipitation Deuterium Excess as an Indicator of Raindrop Evaporation in Lanzhou, China Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Fenli Chen; Mingjun Zhang; Athanassios A. Argiriou; Shengjie Wang; Qian Ma; Xin Zhou; Xixi Wu; Jufan Chen
The deuterium excess in precipitation is an effective indicator to assess the existence of sub-cloud evaporation of raindrops. Based on the synchronous measurements of stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (δ2H and δ18O) in precipitation for several sites in Lanzhou, western China, spanning for approximately four years, the variations of deuterium excess between the ground and the cloud base are evaluated
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Food Web Structure and Trophic Interactions Revealed by Stable Isotope Analysis in the Midstream of the Chishui River, a Tributary of the Yangtze River, China Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Qiang Qin; Fubin Zhang; Fei Liu; Chunling Wang; Huanzhang Liu
Understanding energy flow and nutrient pathways is crucial to reveal the dynamics and functions of riverine ecosystems and develop appropriate conservation strategies. In this study, we utilized stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N to examine the fundamental characteristics of trophic position, trophic niche, and carbon source for the food web in the midstream of the Chishui River, a tributary to the Yangtze
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Improving Runoff Simulation and Forecasting with Segmenting Delay of Baseflow from Fast Surface Flow in Montane High-Vegetation-Covered Catchments Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 You Li; Genxu Wang; Changjun Liu; Shan Lin; Minghong Guan; Xuantao Zhao
Due to the complicated terrain conditions in montane catchments, runoff formation is fast and complicated, making accurate simulation and forecasting a significant hydrological challenge. In this study, the spatiotemporal variable source mixed runoff generation module (SVSMRG) was integrated with the long short-term memory (LSTM) method, to develop a semi-distributed model (SVSMRG)-based surface flow
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Study of the Drag Reduction Characteristics of Circular Cylinder with Dimpled Surface Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Fei Yan; Haifeng Yang; Lihui Wang
To reduce the drag of a cylinder, numerical simulations and experiments for both smooth cylinder and circular cylinder with the dimpled surface are carried out in this paper. The numerical simulation focuses on the variation of pressure coefficient, skin friction coefficient, and vortex shedding strength of the smooth cylinder and the circular cylinder with the dimpled surface. It is found that the
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Monetary Valuation of Flood Protection Ecosystem Service Based on Hydrological Modelling and Avoided Damage Costs. An Example from the Čierny Hron River Basin, Slovakia Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Igor Gallay; Branislav Olah; Zuzana Gallayová; Tomáš Lepeška
Flood protection is considered one of the crucial regulating ecosystem services due to climate change and extreme weather events. As an ecosystem service, it combines the results of hydrological and ecosystem research and their implementation into land management and/or planning processes including several formally separated economic sectors. As managerial and economic interests often diverge, successful
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A Hypogene Karst Development Pattern Controlled by the Deep-Cycle of Groundwater in the Syncline in Huanjiang, Guangxi, China Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Hongqi Dong; Yong Dan; Jiapeng Liang; Bin Liang; Guoquan Nie; Shaocong Ji
Hypogene karst is a special manifestation of karst development in spatial scale. Intensive study of its development mechanism has significant meaning for engineering construction, shale gas and geothermal exploitation. To reveal the developing pattern of hypogene karst in Huanjiang syncline, karst groundwater at different depths in wells HD1-2 and HD1-4 and karst springs was selected as the research
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Transport of Cu2+ in Unsaturated Porous Medium with Humic Acid/Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (Fe3O4) Amendment Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Shanshan Lin; Mengdi Shi; Qi Wang; Junlin Yang; Gubin Zhang; Xiangru Liu; Wei Fan
Humic acid (HA) and iron oxide (such as Fe3O4) nanoparticles are widely distributed in soil, and their complex embedded in soil might affect the transport and fate of Cu2+ in the vadose zone, while Cu2+ is a serious threat to the underlying groundwater. In this study, we synthesized a composite of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with HA () using as an amendment a packed sand matrix in the transport column
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A Review of Water Stress and Water Footprint Accounting Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Dan Wang; Klaus Hubacek; Yuli Shan; Winnie Gerbens-Leenes; Junguo Liu
Production and consumption activities deplete freshwater, generate water pollution and may further lead to water stress. The accurate measurement of water stress is a precondition for sustainable water management. This paper reviews the literature on physical water stress induced by blue and green water use and by water pollution. Specifically, we clarify several key concepts (i.e., water stress, scarcity
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Spectral Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Seawater and Sediment Pore Water from the Arctic Fjords (West Svalbard) in Summer Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Meilian Chen; Ji-Hoon Kim; Sungwook Hong; Yun Kyung Lee; Moo Hee Kang; Young Keun Jin; Jin Hur
Fjords in the high Arctic, as aquatic critical zones at the interface of land-ocean continuum, are undergoing rapid changes due to glacier retreat and climate warming. Yet, little is known about the biogeochemical processes in the Arctic fjords. We measured the nutrients and the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in both seawater and sediment pore water, along with the remote sensing
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Toward an Efficient Uncertainty Quantification of Streamflow Predictions Using Sparse Polynomial Chaos Expansion Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Vinh Ngoc Tran; Jongho Kim
Reliable hydrologic models are essential for planning, designing, and management of water resources. However, predictions by hydrological models are prone to errors due to a variety of sources of uncertainty. More accurate quantification of these uncertainties using a large number of ensembles and model runs is hampered by the high computational burden. In this study, we developed a highly efficient
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Transport of Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone into Bulk Water vs. Electrosprayed Aerosol Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Mostafa Elsayed Hassan; Mário Janda; Zdenko Machala
Production and transport of reactive species through plasma–liquid interactions play a significant role in multiple applications in biomedicine, environment, and agriculture. Experimental investigations of the transport mechanisms of typical air plasma species: hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ozone (O3) into water are presented. Solvation of gaseous H2O2 and O3 from an airflow into water bulk vs. electrosprayed
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A Critical Review of Analytical Methods for Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Water Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Wenbin Jiang; Lu Lin; Xuesong Xu; Xiaoxiao Cheng; Yanyan Zhang; Ryan Hall; Pei Xu
Produced water is the largest waste stream associated with oil and gas production. It has a complex matrix composed of native constituents from geologic formation, chemical additives from fracturing fluids, and ubiquitous bacteria. Characterization of produced water is critical to monitor field operation, control processes, evaluate appropriate management practices and treatment effectiveness, and
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Investigating Hydrological Variability in the Wuding River Basin: Implications for Water Resources Management Under the Water–Human-Coupled Environment Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Chiheng Dang; Hongbo Zhang; Vijay P. Singh; Yinghao Yu; Shuting Shao
Understanding and quantifying changes in hydrological systems due to human interference are critical for the implementation of adaptive management of global water resources in the changing environment. To explore the implications of hydrological variations for water resources management, the Wuding River Basin (WRB) in the Loess Plateau, China, was selected as a case study. Based on the Budyko-type
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Predicting the Existence and Prevalence of the US Water Quality Trading Markets Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Todd K. BenDor; Jordan Branham; Dylan Timmerman; Becca Madsen
Water quality trading (WQT) programs aim to efficiently reduce pollution through market-based incentives. However, WQT performance is uneven; while several programs have found frequent use, many experience operational barriers and low trading activity. What factors are associated with WQT existence, prevalence, and operational stage? In this paper, we present and analyze the most complete database
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Variability of Currents and Water Column Structure in a Temperate Estuarine System (Sado Estuary, Portugal) Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Beatriz Biguino; Fátima Sousa; Ana C. Brito
The circulation in estuaries promotes the transport of organisms, nutrients, oxygen and sediments. Simultaneously, the mixture of fresh and salt water leads to variations of the physicochemical and biological components of the region. Therefore, it is important to further understand the hydrodynamic patterns of an estuary as one of the bases to understand the whole dynamic of these systems, ecologically
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Analysis of Factors Influencing Effective Utilization Coefficient of Irrigation Water in the Manas River Basin Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Lili Yang; Tong Heng; Guang Yang; Xinchen Gu; Jiaxin Wang; Xinlin He
The factors influencing the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water are not understood well. It is usually considered that this coefficient is lower in areas with large-scale irrigation. With this background, we analyzed the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water using the analytic hierarchy process using data from 2014 to 2019 in Shihezi City, Xinjiang. The weights of
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Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Water Quality and Trophic State in an Artificial Dam Reservoir Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Md Mamun; Ji Yoon Kim; Kwang-Guk An
Paldang Reservoir, located in the Han River basin in South Korea, is used for drinking water, fishing, irrigation, recreation, and hydroelectric power. Therefore, the water quality of the reservoir is of great importance. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate spatial and seasonal variations of surface water quality in the reservoir using multivariate statistical techniques (MSTs) along
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Delving Into the Divisive Waters of River Basin Planning in Bolivia: A Case Study in the Cochabamba Valley Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Nilo Lima-Quispe; Cláudia Coleoni; Wilford Rincón; Zulema Gutierrez; Freddy Zubieta; Sergio Nuñez; Jorge Iriarte; Cecilia Saldías; David Purkey; Marisa Escobar; Héctor Angarita
River basin planning in Bolivia is a relatively new endeavor that is primed for innovation and learning. One important learning opportunity relates to connecting watershed planning to processes within other planning units (e.g., municipalities) that have water management implications. A second opportunity relates to integrating watershed management, with a focus on land-based interventions, and water
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Two-Dimensional Flood Inundation Modeling in the Godavari River Basin, India—Insights on Model Output Uncertainty Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Vimal Chandra Sharma; Satish Kumar Regonda
Most flood inundation models do not come with an uncertainty analysis component chiefly because of the complexity associated with model calibration. Additionally, the fact that the models are both data- and compute-intensive, and since uncertainty results from multiple sources, adds another layer of complexity for model use. In the present study, flood inundation modeling was performed in the Godavari
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Riparian Vegetation Structure Influences Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities in an Agricultural Landscape Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Cristina Popescu; Mihaela Oprina-Pavelescu; Valentin Dinu; Constantin Cazacu; Francis J. Burdon; Marie Anne Eurie Forio; Benjamin Kupilas; Nikolai Friberg; Peter Goethals; Brendan G. McKie; Geta Rîșnoveanu
Stream and terrestrial ecosystems are intimately connected by riparian zones that support high biodiversity but are also vulnerable to human impacts. Landscape disturbances, overgrazing, and diffuse pollution of agrochemicals threaten riparian biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. We assessed how terrestrial invertebrate communities respond to changes in riparian
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Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) Method: Current Applications, Remaining Challenges, and Future Perspectives Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Konstantinos X. Soulis
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Predicting runoff in ungauged or poorly gauged watersheds is one of the key problems in applied hydrology. Thus, simple methods for runoff estimation are particularly important in hydrologic applications, such as flood design or water balance calculation models[...]
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Future Changes in Wave Conditions at the German Baltic Sea Coast Based on a Hybrid Approach Using an Ensemble of Regional Climate Change Projections Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Norman Dreier; Edgar Nehlsen; Peter Fröhle; Diana Rechid; Laurens M. Bouwer; Susanne Pfeifer
In this study, the projected future long-term changes of the local wave conditions at the German Baltic Sea coast over the course of the 21st century are analyzed and assessed with special focus on model agreement, statistical significance and ranges/spread of the results. An ensemble of new regional climate model (RCM) simulations with the RCM REMO for three RCP forcing scenarios was used as input
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Review on Numerical Simulation of the Internal Soil Erosion Mechanisms Using the Discrete Element Method Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Xiukai Wang; Yao Tang; Bo Huang; Tiantian Hu; Daosheng Ling
Internal erosion can trigger severe engineering disasters, such as the failure of embankment dams and uneven settlement of buildings and sinkholes. This paper comprehensively reviewed the mechanisms of soil internal erosion studied by numerical simulation, which can facilitate uncovering the internal erosion mechanism by tracing the movement of particles. The initiation and development of internal
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Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) for Estimation of Hydraulic Parameters in the Porous Aquifer Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Andreia de Almeida; Daiane Ferreira Maciel; Karen Félix Sousa; Carlos Tadeu Carvalho Nascimento; Sérgio Koide
Similarities in both water and electric current flows allow the relation of hydraulic and geoelectric parameters of porous aquifers. Based on this assumption and the importance of the hydraulic parameters for groundwater analyses, this study aimed to estimate hydraulic conductivity (K) and transmissivity (T) with vertical electrical sounding (VES) in the porous aquifer at the experimental farm of the
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Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Leaching Zones within Potash Seams Reproduced by Reactive Transport Simulations Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Svenja Steding; Thomas Kempka; Axel Zirkler; Michael Kühn
Leaching zones within potash seams generally represent a significant risk to subsurface mining operations and the construction of technical caverns in salt rocks, but their temporal and spatial formation has been investigated only rudimentarily to date. To the knowledge of the authors, current reactive transport simulation implementations are not capable to address hydraulic-chemical interactions within
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Simulation and Verification of Hydraulic Performance and Energy Dissipation Mechanism of Perforated Drip Irrigation Emitters Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Shaobo Xing; Zhenhua Wang; Jinzhu Zhang; Ningning Liu; Bo Zhou
Drip irrigation has become an application trend of water-saving irrigation technology due to its excellent water-use efficiency. However, the energy dissipation form of the commonly used labyrinth channel is relatively simple, and the corresponding energy dissipation mechanism research is inadequate. This article proposes a new kind of channel structure of drip irrigation emitters based on the structure
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Demonstrating Commercial Hollow Fibre Membrane Contactor Performance at Industrial Scale for Biogas Upgrading at a Sewage Treatment Works Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Sam Houlker; Tony Rutherford; Daniel Herron; Adam Brookes; Andrew Moore; Peter Vale; Marc Pidou; Ewan McAdam
Hollow fibre membrane contactor (HFMC) technology has been developed for CO2 absorption primarily using synthetic gas, which neglects the critical impact that trace contaminants might have on separation efficiency and robustness in industrial gases. This study, therefore, commissioned a demonstration-scale HFMC for CO2 separation at a full-scale anaerobic digester facility to evaluate membrane integrity
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Quantifying the Risks that Propagate from the Inflow Forecast Uncertainty to the Reservoir Operations with Coupled Flood and Electricity Curtailment Risks Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Qiumei Ma; Jiaxin Zhang; Bin Xiong; Yanke Zhang; Changming Ji; Ting Zhou
Substantial uncertainty is inherent in reservoir inflow forecasting, which exerts a potential negative impact on reservoir risk. However, the risk propagation from the inflow forecast uncertainty (IFU) to reservoir operations remains elusive. Thus, a new integrated assessment framework was developed in this study to characterize the risk coupling with flood and electricity curtailment risks that propagate
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The Development Trend and Research Frontiers of Distributed Hydrological Models—Visual Bibliometric Analysis Based on Citespace Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Fangling Qin; Ying Zhu; Tianqi Ao; Ting Chen
Based on the bibliometric and data visualization analysis software Citespace, this study carried out document statistics and information mining on the Web of Science database and characterized the distributed hydrological model knowledge system from 1986 to 2019. The results show a few things: (1) from 1986 to 2019, the United States and China accounted for 41% of the total amount of publications,
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Comparative Analysis of Climate Change Impacts on Meteorological, Hydrological, and Agricultural Droughts in the Lake Titicaca Basin Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Ricardo Zubieta; Jorge Molina-Carpio; Wilber Laqui; Juan Sulca; Mercy Ilbay
The impact of climate change on droughts in the Lake Titicaca, Desaguadero River, and Lake Poopo basins (TDPS system) within the Altiplano region was evaluated by comparing projected 2034–2064 and observed 1984–2014 hydroclimate time series. The study used bias-corrected monthly climate projections from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), under the Representative Concentration
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Natural Pans as an Important Surface Water Resource in the Cuvelai Basin—Metrics for Storage Volume Calculations and Identification of Potential Augmentation Sites Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Robert Arendt; Christian Reinhardt-Imjela; Achim Schulte; Leona Faulstich; Tobias Ullmann; Lorenz Beck; Sandro Martinis; Petrina Johannes; Joachim Lengricht
Numerous ephemeral rivers and thousands of natural pans characterize the transboundary Iishana-System of the Cuvelai Basin between Namibia and Angola. After the rainy season, surface water stored in pans is often the only affordable water source for many people in rural areas. High inter- and intra-annual rainfall variations in this semiarid environment provoke years of extreme flood events and long
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From Monitoring and Modeling to Management: How to Improve Water Quality in Brazilian Rivers? A Case Study: Piabanha River Watershed Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 David de Andrade Costa; Luis Carlos Soares da Silva Junior; José Paulo Soares de Azevedo; Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assumpção
Water quality has been a global concern, as evidenced by UN Sustainable Development Goals. The current paper has focused on the Piabanha River rehabilitation as a case study which can be generalized to other similar watersheds. A monitoring program during a hydrological year was carried out, and different databases were used to calibrate and validate the QUAL-UFMG water quality model. Sanitation is
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Effects of Climatic Drivers and Teleconnections on Late 20th Century Trends in Spring Freshet of Four Major Arctic-Draining Rivers Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Roxanne Ahmed; Terry Prowse; Yonas Dibike; Barrie Bonsal
Spring freshet is the dominant annual discharge event in all major Arctic draining rivers with large contributions to freshwater inflow to the Arctic Ocean. Research has shown that the total freshwater influx to the Arctic Ocean has been increasing, while at the same time, the rate of change in the Arctic climate is significantly higher than in other parts of the globe. This study assesses the large-scale
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Barrier Islands Resilience to Extreme Events: Do Earthquake and Tsunami Play a Role? Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Ella Meilianda; Franck Lavigne; Biswajeet Pradhan; Patrick Wassmer; Darusman Darusman; Marjolein Dohmen-Janssen
Barrier islands are indicators of coastal resilience. Previous studies have proven that barrier islands are surprisingly resilient to extreme storm events. At present, little is known about barrier systems’ resilience to seismic events triggering tsunamis, co-seismic subsidence, and liquefaction. The objective of this study is, therefore, to investigate the morphological resilience of the barrier islands
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Biogeochemical Responses and Seasonal Dynamics of the Benthic Boundary Layer Microbial Communities during the El Niño 2015 in an Eastern Boundary Upwelling System Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Verónica Molina; Marcela Cornejo-D’Ottone; Eulogio H. Soto; Eduardo Quiroga; Guillermo Alarcón; Daniela Silva; Carla Acuña; Nelson Silva
The Eastern South Pacific coastal zone is characterized by seasonal and interannual variability, driven by upwelling and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), respectively. These oceanographical conditions influence microbial communities and their contribution to nutrient and greenhouse gases recycling, especially in bottom waters due to oxygenation. This article addresses the seasonal hydrographic
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Occurrence and Fate of Emerging Pollutants in Water Environment and Options for Their Removal Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Ionela Cătălina Vasilachi; Dana Mihaela Asiminicesei; Daniela Ionela Fertu; Maria Gavrilescu
Emerging pollutants (EPs) are chemicals known to cause major impacts on the terrestrial, aquatic life and human health as a result of their chronic and acute toxicity. Although lots of studies on EPs behavior in the aquatic environment are currently available in literature, an urgent requirement exists to complete toxicological studies and develop and implement efficient and ecological methods for
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Effect of Current Velocity on Cd Accumulation in the Aquatic Moss Fontinalis antipyretica Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Antón Vázquez-Arias; Sofía Debén; Adrián Casanova; Carme Pacín; Jesús R. Aboal; José A. Fernández
With the aim of further standardizing biomonitoring techniques with aquatic mosses, the relationship between the velocity of water flow and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in transplants of the moss Fontinalis antipyretica was investigated. For this purpose, moss transplants were exposed in a controlled aquatic environment to different concentrations of Cd (0, 4, 16 and 36 ng g−1) and different water velocities
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Relative Abundance and Invasion Dynamics of Alien Fish Species Linked to Chemical Conditions, Ecosystem Health, Native Fish Assemblage, and Stream Order Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Ji Yoon Kim; Usman Atique; Kwang-Guk An
The incidence and dispersal of invasive alien fish species (IAFS) have ecological impacts on biodiversity and environmental health at regional to global scales. We identified links between the presence of largemouth bass (Lb) and bluegill (Bg), and selected indicators of environmental water quality, trophic and tolerance guilds, ecological health factors, and stream order. We used the data collected
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Monitoring Skeletal Anomalies in Big-Scale Sand Smelt, Atherina boyeri, as a Potential Complementary Tool for Early Detection of Effects of Anthropic Pressure in Coastal Lagoons Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Chiara Leone; Francesca De Luca; Eleonora Ciccotti; Arianna Martini; Clara Boglione
Mediterranean coastal lagoons are increasingly affected by several threats, all concurrently leading to habitat degradation and loss. Methods based on fish for the assessment of the ecological status are under implementation for the Water Framework Directive requirements, to assess the overall quality of coastal lagoons. Complementary tools based on the use of single fish species as biological indicators
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Cape Verde (West Africa) Successful Water Reuse Pilot Project: A Sustainable Way for Increasing Food Production in a Climate Change Scenario Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Vanessa Mendoza-Grimón; Juan Ramón Fernández-Vera; Gilbert Duarte Silva; Angelo Semedo-Varela; María del Pino Palacios-Díaz
Cape Verde, which has agricultural land that is mainly rainfed, will be severely affected by climate change due to increased drought conditions. Scarce water availability makes this country highly dependent on imports for its food supply, resulting in more than 80% food importation. Improving water use efficiency, implementing precision irrigation could help achieve sustainable use of water resources
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Mesocosm Experiments at a Tunnelling Construction Site for Assessing Re-Use of Spoil Material as a By-Product Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Anna Barra Caracciolo; Paola Grenni; Livia Mariani; Jasmin Rauseo; Martina Di Lenola; Valerio Giorgio Muzzini; Enrica Donati; Ines Lacchetti; Paola Margherita Bianca Gucci; Antonio Finizio; Eleonora Beccaloni; Luisa Patrolecco
Mechanized excavation of tunnels with Earth Pressure Balance-Tunnel Boring Machines requires the use of foaming agents. The latter contain the anionic surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) as the main compound. The re-use as a by-product of excavated soil containing foaming agents (spoil material) can pose a risk for soil and particularly for aquatic ecosystems if they are close to the spoil
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Use of Lignite as a Low-Cost Material for Cadmium and Copper Removal from Aqueous Solutions: Assessment of Adsorption Characteristics and Exploration of Involved Mechanisms Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Salah Jellali; Ahmed Amine Azzaz; Mejdi Jeguirim; Helmi Hamdi; Ammar Mlayah
Lignite, as an available and low-cost material, was tested for cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) removal from aqueous solutions under various static experimental conditions. Experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of both metals was improved by increasing their initial concentrations, adsorbent dosage and aqueous pH values. The adsorption kinetic was very rapid for Cd since about 78% of
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Energy Head Dissipation and Flow Pressures in Vortex Drop Shafts Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Gaetano Crispino; Pasquale Contestabile; Diego Vicinanza; Corrado Gisonni
Vortex drop shafts are special manholes designed to link sewer channels at different elevations. Significant energy head dissipation occurs across these structures, mainly due to vertical shaft wall friction and turbulence in the dissipation chamber at the toe of the shaft. In the present study two aspects, sometimes neglected in the standard hydraulic design, are considered, namely the energy head
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Different Waters for Different Performances: Can We Imagine Sport-Related Natural Mineral Spring Waters? Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Valentina Presta; Luca Ambrosini; Cecilia Carubbi; Elena Masselli; Prisco Mirandola; Maria Luisa Arcari; Giuliana Gobbi; Marco Vitale
Preserving the hydration status means to balance daily fluids and salt losses with gains, where the losses depend on several physiological and environmental factors. Especially for athletes, these losses could be relevant and negatively influence the performance: therefore, their hydro-saline status must be preserved with personalized pre- and rehydration plans all along the performance period. Scientific
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Predictability of Seasonal Streamflow Forecasting Based on CSM: Case Studies of Top Three Largest Rivers in China Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Lyuliu Liu; Ying Wu; Peiqun Zhang; Jianqing Zhai; Li Zhang; Chan Xiao
Accurate seasonal streamflow forecasting is important in reservoir operation, watershed planning, and water resource management, and streamflow forecasting is often based on hydrological models driven by coupled global climate models (CGCMs). To understand streamflow forecasting predictability, this study considered the three largest rivers in China and explored deterministic and probabilistic skill
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Climate Change-Enhanced Cyanobacteria Domination in Lake Kinneret: A Retrospective Overview Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Moshe Gophen
The objective of this study is re-evaluation of the long-term record of limnological parameters in Lake Kinneret (1970–2018) and its drainage basin (1940–2018) aimed at an indication of the possible impact of climate change on water quality in Lake Kinneret. The methodological approach is based on indication of significant changes, of temperature increase, decline in rainfall, causing a reduction in
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On the Rainfall Triggering of Phlegraean Fields Volcanic Tremors Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Nicola Scafetta; Adriano Mazzarella
We study whether the shallow volcanic seismic tremors related to the bradyseism observed at the Phlegraean Fields (Campi Flegrei, Pozzuoli, and Naples) from 2008 to 2020 by the Osservatorio Vesuviano could be partially triggered by local rainfall events. We use the daily rainfall record measured at the nearby Meteorological Observatory of San Marcellino in Naples and develop two empirical models to
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Thixotropic Behavior of Reconstituted Debris-Flow Mixture Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Leonardo Schippa; Ferruccio Doghieri; Anna Maria Pellegrino; Elisa Pavesi
Time-dependent rheological properties and thixotropy of reconstituted debris-flows samples taken from channel bank deposits are examined using a commercial rheometer equipped with a vane rotor geometric system. Sweep tests and creep tests were carried out involving mixtures having different grain concentrations ranging between 50% and 58%. Different initial conditions of the mixtures were considered
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A Comparative Assessment of Hydrological Models in the Upper Cauvery Catchment Water (IF 2.544) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Robyn Horan; R Gowri; Pawan S. Wable; Helen Baron; Virginie D. J. Keller; Kaushal K. Garg; Pradeep P. Mujumdar; Helen Houghton-Carr; Gwyn Rees
This paper presents a comparison of the predictive capability of three hydrological models, and a mean ensemble of these models, in a heavily influenced catchment in Peninsular India: GWAVA (Global Water AVailability Assessment) model, SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) and VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) model. The performance of the three models and their ensemble were investigated in five sub-catchments
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