ABSTRACT The paper discusses results of the long-term monitoring of a full-scale pilot installation of a modular tray-based blue roof (BR) system for the control of the runoff from the roof terrace of a building in the campus of the University of Catania (Italy). The BR was installed in one catchment of the rooftop while another symmetrical catchment was left unmodified and monitored to allow comparison

ABSTRACT Palladium (Pd) is widely used in the production of automotive catalytic converters that serve to reduce toxic emissions from motor vehicles. The aim of this study was to explore the transport of Pd in the urban water environment. The results showed that the amounts of transported Pd in the pollution chain followed the order of rainfall runoff > estuary > receiving water body > wet deposition

ABSTRACT Identification of flood hazards allows planning the cities layout or flood protection infrastructure appropriately. Flood maps showing flow depths and velocities are not enough to assess hazards to people, because such hazards depend on factors producing equilibrium loss in pedestrians crossing flooded streets. An experimental facility was used considering typical street geometry in Mexico

ABSTRACT This paper presents a case study on the economic feasibility analysis of rainwater harvesting in single-family houses located in Imbituba, Brazil. A base case scenario was chosen and 108 scenarios were evaluated considering different roof areas, number of residents, potable water and rainwater demands. All scenarios were assessed by means of computer simulations. The payback period for the

ABSTRACT Rainwater tanks or cisterns are a low impact development infrastructure used to control stormwater runoff and reduce water demand. However, climate change may affect its performance due to increased rainfall intensities. This study evaluates the uncertainty on the effectiveness of cisterns to reduce peak runoff under climate change in an urban watershed in Brazil. Twelve updated intensity-duration-frequency

ABSTRACT Water is a vital resource required to sustain life yet citizens do not always have access to portable water. We argue that urban water systems are complex dynamic systems consisting flows and feedbacks that disrupt or enhance their function. We employed the mixed-method research design grounded in phenomenological and survey approaches. The applied systems analysis methodology enabled analysis

ABSTRACT In India, many major and medium reservoirs have been constructed to meet the fast-growing demands of irrigation, hydropower generation, drinking and industrial water supply. To achieve social and economic sustainability in water scarce areas, it is vital to efficiently manage available water resources. Indeed, water resources systems are complex and require systematic study to facilitate optimal

ABSTRACT Climate change impact analysis in urban hydrology involves downscaling of coarse climate model outputs. This study evaluates the downscaling skill of four change factor methods for impact analysis on urban hydrology in Belgium. The downscaling methods are applied to precipitation observations. For this, the 100-year Uccle time series is split in observations, in pseudo-climate model runs and

ABSTRACT This study presents a data-driven system analysis approach intended to improve greywater reuse at the household/community level using a case study of ¨Granular Activated Carbon-Membrane Integrated-Multigrade Effluent¨(GAC-MI-ME) treatment system. It consists of a matrix of advanced filtration units and provides multi-grade water reuse options. Using experimental data with varying greywater

ABSTRACT An increasing interest in retrofitting rooftops as green roofs require improved understanding of the impact on runoff within urban catchments. In this study, a model of Risvollan, an urban catchment in the coastal city of Trondheim, Norway was built using the PCSWMM (Storm Water Management Model) model version 7.2.2780. Rooftops in the catchment were retrofitted as green (vegetated) or grey

ABSTRACT Managing pipe breaks in water supply networks has been a challenge for water utilities around the world. In order to transform from reactive to proactive management of pipe breaks, South Australia Water Corporation (SA Water) has invested more than 4 million dollars to set up a Smart Water Network (SWN), in the central business district (CBD) of Adelaide. The network includes 305 permanent

ABSTRACT Increased precipitation, ageing infrastructure, and rising surface water levels have exacerbated stormwater issues in the city of Detroit, causing combined sewer overflows and basement flooding. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is now a requirement of the city as part of its stormwater discharge permit to decrease stormwater system overflows. While GSI has been shown to improve water

ABSTRACT In water distribution networks, pressure-head at a demand node more than what is required to satisfy the demand is considered as surplus. But, it cannot be completely taken as surplus. Because excess pressure-head at a node is essential to compensate the head-losses in the off-taking links so as to maintain the pressure-head required at downstream nodes. Also, in the recent years, attention

(2020). Water systems modelling, data and control. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, Water systems modelling, data and control, pp. 681-681.

ABSTRACT Accurate model-based forecasts (discharge and water level) are considered significant for efficient planning and management of urban drainage systems. These model-based predictions can be improved by assimilating system measurements in physically based, distributed, 1D hydrodynamic urban drainage models. In the present research, a combined filtering and error forecast method was applied for

ABSTRACT The paper industry wastewater even after bio-treatment at industrial scale is a major source of aquatic and soil pollution due to various unknown compounds. Hence, the study has focused on the detection of residual organic pollutants from the bleached and unbleached paper mill wastewater and both sources showed endocrine-disrupting compounds. The toxicity test with Phaseolus aureus seed germination

ABSTRACT Cities increasingly face challenging regulatory requirements for their aging sewer systems. Population density and can contribute to changes in impervious cover that limit infiltration, expedite the rate of water drainage, and overwhelm the conveyance system. This work presents a method for applying high-spatial resolution population-based scenarios to pre-existing stormwater models. We explore

ABSTRACT Water Shortage Risk (WSR) map is a tool to establish priorities to take actions in the management of Urban Water Supply Systems (UWSS). This work presents a methodology combining elements of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess urban water shortage levels. The study case is Campina Grande, a Brazilian city which represents other cities

ABSTRACT Surface drainage systems play a key role in the urban system. To assess the flow intercepted by inlets, some approaches use recent experimental campaigns or are based on orifice or weir formulas. In this work, real scale experimental campaigns are used to define discharge coefficients to provide information for practitioners and inlet manufacturers. Tested discharge values range between 25–200 l/s

ABSTRACT Runoff entering urban drainage systems contains suspended solids, which carry pollutants and may cause blockages in downstream parts of the system (for example infiltration facilities). Suspended solids inflow should, therefore, preferably be controlled by solids removal at gully pots. This paper presents the results of lab experiments on the solids accumulation in gully pots in a scale 1:1

Limited documentation exists regarding parameterization of SWMM’s permeable pavement module and whether the output is realistic, particularly for long-term simulations. In this paper, we evaluated SWMM’s ability to replicate discharge and evaporation from three lined permeable pavement stalls. An assessment of parameter sensitivity identified the permeable pavement module’s input parameters with the

Since the incorporation of PVC as pipe material in the second half of 20th century, its use in the design, rehabilitation and expansion of Water Distribution Networks (WDS) has been widely assimilated. However, materials with higher roughness were more commonly used and with these materials were carried out the studies on which are based the most used design equations (Colebrook-White, Darcy-Weisbach

Beijing, the capital of China, has a fast-growing economy but is known for water scarcity. Therefore, relieving plans such as wastewater utilization and South-to-North-Transfer are implemented. Therefore, relationships are complicated among components in Beijing’s water supply-and-demand system. Maintaining the water balance in Beijing is crucial both economically and politically. However, few have

Considering the scarcity of water resources, it is necessary to identify the leakage in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs). In this paper, a step-by-step method of WDN decomposition has been introduced for leak detection. First, the WDN is divided into two parts using the graph theory, then the part with leakage is identified using the results of pressure loggers and the artificial neural network.

ABSTRACT Water supply pipes age, deteriorate and break, which puts at risk the continuous provision of safe potable water endangering the public health in cities. Risk management methods are increasingly applied to optimise the capital investment for pipe replacement and rehabilitation, taking into account the probability and hydraulic impact of pipe breaks. As part of this process, however, historic

ABSTRACT Gully pots are utilized for conveying runoff to drainage systems, as well as for reducing the system’s solids loading by retaining suspended solids. However, the accumulation of solids in gully pots reduces their removal efficiency, leading to an increase in solids transport towards the drainage system. This article aims to identify the main drivers of the solids accumulation in gully pots

The isolation valves are crucial components of water distribution systems (WDS) that are used to shut down a segment of the network to repair or replace failed pipes. In this paper, an algorithm to find adjacent valves to isolate a failed pipe was proposed and the global resilience analysis method was implemented to find out the critical segments based on the isolation valves. The method was applied

(2020). Analysis of hydraulic transients during pipeline filling processes with air valves in large-scale installations. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 568-575.

ABSTRACT The use of adequate decay models for simulating chlorine residuals can effectively aid in chlorine management in water supply systems. In this paper, wall decay in a full-scale water supply system is assessed and modelled using the traditional first-order (FO) model and the recent EXPBIO model. The EXPBIO model was successfully implemented in EPANET-MSX for the first time and predicted chlorine

Cities increasingly face challenging regulatory requirements for their aging sewer systems. Population density and can contribute to changes in impervious cover that limit infiltration, expedite the rate of water drainage, and overwhelm the conveyance system. This work presents a method for applying high-spatial resolution population-based scenarios to pre-existing stormwater models. We explore the

ABSTRACT The use of adequate decay models for simulating chlorine residuals can effectively aid in chlorine management in water supply systems. In this paper, wall decay in a full-scale water supply system is assessed and modelled using the traditional first-order (FO) model and the recent EXPBIO model. The EXPBIO model was successfully implemented in EPANET-MSX for the first time and predicted chlorine

ABSTRACT Discoloration is currently the major cause of consumer complaints worldwide, being mainly caused by the accumulation and mobilization of materials in the inner pipe walls of drinking water distribution systems. The understanding about material detachment from pipe walls is limited due to its complexity and lack of data. The purpose of this study was to examine the initial stages of material

(2020). Flood risk management in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, Urban and Wadi Flooding in the MENA region: Advances in flood risk management, pp. 379-380.

A stochastic hourly simulation model is developed for the synthesis of the rainfall pattern in the northern part of Jordan. The generation of synthetic rainfall data is an attempt to provide longer data sequences. The simulation model is based on statistical properties of rainfall data for three stations in the Northern region of Jordan for the period 1975–2004. The mean and variances of important

This study examines the hydrologic performance of conventional and low-impact development (LID) stormwater approaches when implemented as retrofit measures in a highly urbanised catchment (10.23 km2). A hydrologic-hydrodynamic model was proposed to simulate different implementation scenarios. Rainfall data and downstream water level observations between 01/2016 and 02/2019 were used to calibrate and

ABSTRACT Drinking water quality leaving water treatment works is known to deteriorate as it makes its way through distribution networks. As deterioration rates are related to the condition of the network and how it is operated, it is important to determine the location and magnitude so that causes can be determined and effective maintenance implemented. Water quality is typically monitored at outlets

This study aims to evaluate the potential for potable water savings by modelling the hypothetical installation of a system that combines rainwater and greywater in a house. The system consists of using rainwater to wash clothes and then reusing the effluent to flush toilets. The potential for potable water savings and the tank capacity for rainwater storage were estimated using the computer programme

This paper presents a model, based on potential curves, that describes the behaviour of the inverse of the daily cumulated frequency of the flows provided to a District Metered Area (DMA). The model has two terms, the first corresponds to the variable consumption due to the aggregation of demand patterns of consumers. The evolution of this term presents periodic behaviours with annual and weekly frequency

(2020). The hydrologic, water quality and flow regime performance of a bioretention basin in Melbourne, Australia. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 303-314.

Water distribution systems are critical infrastructure elements conveying water through thousands of kilometers of pipes. Pipes – one of the most critical elements in such systems – are subjected to various structural and environmental degradation mechanisms, eventually leading to leaks and breaks. Much of the literature on leak detection has focused on passive methods; recording and analyzing acoustic

The paper proposes the design of the supervisory heuristic fuzzy control system applied to a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Based on real data records and the biological process and aeration system models, a control system for biological processes has been designed. The supervisory control system performs management of the reactor work cycle, determines the

Assessing environmental threats being a consequence of floods from sewage systems is particularly relevant in light of climate change occurring in recent decades. The potential threats can be demonstrated only by hydrodynamic modeling. The main problem while simulating sewage systems operation is the selection of proper model rainfall. It should reflect the main characteristics of real rainfall phenomena

Asset management (inspection, maintenance and repair or replacement) of infrastructures represents a complex multidimensional problem and constitutes a topical subject for many cities (constrained budget, environmental requirements, risk mitigation …). In this paper, we developed an innovative approach to sewer system management. The proposed approach is based on a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA)

(2020). A preliminary assessment of coastal GI’s role during Hurricane Sandy: a case study of three communities. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 356-367.

(2020). Capacity of urban springs to support emergency water needs, a secondary city case study: Kharkiv, Ukraine. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 368-376.

(2020). Correction. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 377-377.

(2020). Correction. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 1-1.

ABSTRACT Applying life cycle assessment (LCA) to water distribution networks (WDNs) usually requires considerable reliable data, and neglecting specific parts could significantly affect the reliability of results. In this paper, a comprehensive life cycle inventory dataset was collected to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with the construction and renovation stages of WDNs. The aim is

ABSTRACT Pressure management is one of the most efficient ways to reduce leaks in water networks. Conventional pressure management techniques in water networks deals with the control of a single boundary Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV). The real-world water network under study in this work has multiple internal PRVs within the DMA, which makes direct application of the existing pressure management techniques

Water distribution systems are critical infrastructure elements conveying water through thousands of kilometers of pipes. Pipes – one of the most critical elements in such systems – are subjected to various structural and environmental degradation mechanisms, eventually leading to leaks and breaks. Much of the literature on leak detection has focused on passive methods; recording and analyzing acoustic

ABSTRACT Digital Twins (DTs) are starting to be exploited to improve the management of water distribution systems (WDSs) and, in the future, they will be crucial for decision making. In this paper, the authors propose several requirements that a DT of a water distribution system should accomplish. Developing a DT is a challenge, and a continuous process of adjustments and learning is required. Due

ABSTRACT Water companies have been working to introduce strategies to reduce discolouration customer contacts via non-specialist ‘business as usual’ practices. A greater understanding of discolouration material behaviour, however, is still needed to accurately inform the mobilisation response and regeneration rates in mains of different materials. The Variable Condition Discolouration Model (VCDM)

The use of real-time control (RTC) as an adaptation technique for improving stormwater systems has been gaining attention in recent years for its ability to enhance water quality treatment and quantity management. An RTC retrofit of seven existing detention basins was simulated for a small (162 ha), an urbanized watershed in Blacksburg, VA. Two heuristic, reactive control algorithms were tested for

Permanent partitioning represents one of the more effective approaches for an innovative management of water distribution networks (WDNs) because it allows simplification of the network control defining small subsystem defined as a district meter area (DMA) in which it is simpler to compute water balance, to achieve pressure management and to check water quality. The design of permanent water network

In recent decades On-site Stormwater Detention (OSD) systems have been implemented in many cities around the world. However, a few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of OSD policies. Therefore, this paper compared the use of OSD in Australian and Brazilian cities, evaluating aspects of regulations, technical details and management matters. The results showed that Australian OSD design guidelines

Water demand forecasting is an essential task for water utilities, with increasing importance due to future societal and environmental changes. This paper suggests a new methodology for water demand forecasting, based on model stacking and bias correction that predicts daily demands for groups of ~120 properties. This methodology is compared to a number of models (Artificial Neural Networks – ANNs

Hydrological response of an urban catchment to storm events is determined by a number of factors including the degree of urbanisation and distribution and connectivity of urbanised surfaces. Therefore, the ability of spatially averaged catchment descriptors to characterise storm response is limited. Landscape metrics, widely used in ecology to quantify landscape structure, are employed to quantify

This study presents a novel hybrid entropy-clustering framework for placing pressure sensors in water distribution systems (WDS) to detect leakage. Leakages are simulated at all potential nodes of WDS, and then potential pressure sensors (PPS) in WDS are classified using a K-means clustering algorithm. Transinformation entropy for each potential pair of PPS was also computed, which in turn helped to

The aim of rainfall prediction in urban areas is to provide information about precipitation, which may cause flooding resulting from the insufficient capacity of sewage systems. The research combined cluster analysis and support vector regression (CSVR) to create a simpler, and as effective as hybrid models, method predicting daily rainfall in Wroclaw, Poland. Results demonstrate that the clustering

Security of water distribution systems is of highest importance to public health. In this study, a novel dynamic hydrant flushing strategy is developed to remove the injected contamination mass in the shortest possible time after being detected by the sensors. The coupled EPANET-IHS simulation-optimization model is developed to determine the hydrant flushing strategies (the hydrant sets and their opening/closing