ABSTRACT Traditional hydrological objective functions may penalize models that reproduce hydrograph shapes well, but with some shift in time; especially for urban catchments with a fast hydrological response. Hydrograph timing is not always critical, so this paper investigates alternative objective functions (based on the Hydrograph Matching Algorithm) that try to mimic visual hydrograph comparison

ABSTRACT Urban water consumption can be analyzed by means of applied research to help promote the development of environmentally sustainable cities. In this study, water consumption models are established for multifamily residential buildings in Southern Brazil using multiple linear regression analysis and cross-validation techniques. Sociodemographic and building characteristics were analyzed in a

ABSTRACT This paper investigates emerging models of governance for shared water resources in decentralized urban regions in Indonesia and draws on a case of inter-local government collaboration for shared water resources in Cirebon region, Indonesia. The paper points to cooperation practice involving a mixed-model of governance for sharing water. by identifying a series of requirements for mixed governance

ABSTRACT This research uses a hybrid dynamic DEA model to measure the expense efficiency of wastewater treatment improvement by taking account of both the initial time and location gap between regions as a slack factor in a developing country. We empirically examine the expense efficiency of wastewater treatment by combining radial and non-radial methods, employing a radial measurement to evaluate

ABSTRACT In regulated industries, such as the water industry, it is of great significance to estimate productivity change as it helps policy makers to evaluate the effectiveness of regulatory regime and industry performance. In this paper, and for the first time, a translog input distance function was used to estimate and decompose productivity change into several components such as technical efficiency

ABSTRACT This paper introduces a new method for model calibration. The model calibration procedure is applied on water networks for leak detection and can be used for other inverse and model calibration problems. The calibration process uses Artificial Neural Networks to transform the measurements to a fixed network. This technique is compared to the conventional strategy where Artificial Neural Networks

ABSTRACT Reducing imperviousness connectivity by low impact developments or receiving pervious area (RPA) has been a regular strategy for runoff mitigation. However, the effects of RPA properties in combination with imperviousness connectivity on runoff have not been fully discussed. In this study, two kinds of RPA are defined according to ponding volume: retention-dominated and conveyance-dominated

ABSTRACT This paper develops a discharge allocation model for public water supply for a set of communities, considering available and planned reservoirs and interbasin transfer projects. Reservoir operation rules were defined for maximum water withdrawals in function of the storage volume over a period of 45 years, and then the discharges to be transported from the different sources to 18 locations

ABSTRACT The spatiotemporal correlations typically exist between the monitoring data provided by the devices distributed at the water distribution system (WDS). The leakage detection method featured by the utilization of the spatiotemporal correlation of the monitoring data had been proposed in our previous study and parameter settings have a significant impact on the detection performance of the method

ABSTRACT To quantify the discharge capacity of grate inlets causing urban flooding due to insufficient drainage capacity, 285 experiments for six grate inlets under different approaching discharges, transverse and longitudinal slopes conditions were conducted using 1:1 scale experiment. These experiments indicated: (1) A smaller approaching discharge or a larger transverse slope leads to a higher interception

ABSTRACT Many water utilities offer price caps to reassure consumers about future prices. Researchers have focused largely on the implication of price caps on total cost of ownership or conservation rather than consumers’ preference for such guarantees. In this paper, we examine consumers’ preferences for price caps. We first consider how consumers form expectations about their water prices, and secondly

ABSTRACT In this article, the entire energy embodied in a sewage system has been estimated. The concepts of LCC, LCA and EE have been taken into consideration. The estimation of this energy is calculated from the moment of extracting the raw materials, through its transportation, to the making of a final product. The choice of materials and production technology is an important aspect here. This article

ABSTRACT Disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation in water distribution networks (WDNs) is a common type of water quality failure. A reliable DBPs modeling can be a way to prevent a water quality failure. In this study, generalized regression neural network (GRNN)-based models were developed to predict the occurrence of three unregulated DBPs i.e. dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloropropanone (TCP)

ABSTRACT Runoff (re)mobilises solids and their associated pollutants from streets and transports them via gully pots to the drainage system. As the solids negatively impact the performance of the drainage systems, knowledge on the solids loading in terms of mass and composition is essential. However, monitoring data on the solids loading, in particular, covering all seasons and a number of sites, is

ABSTRACT An existing water distribution network (WDN) may need to be expanded by adding a sub-network for the newly developed areas. The size of the problem becomes larger when the stochastic nature of domestic demands, optimal design and layouts, control, and operation of various hydraulic components are considered. In this study, the single-port Thevenin theorem used in electrical circuits is applied

ABSTRACT The goal of this paper was to analyze changes in the spatial pattern of metals in water and determining the factors that may be associated with that distribution using the asymmetric eigenvector maps and redundancy analyses in the Matanza Riachuelo river (MRR), Argentina. Data from 2008 and 2014 of metal concentrations (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Pb), water quality parameters and land cover variables

ABSTRACT Green infrastructure (GI) distribution from 1995 to 2018 was interpreted based on Normalized Differential Vegetation Index threshold method. According to the leaf area index and soil bulk density, the canopy storage capacity and soil storage capacity of GI were calculated, and the total rainwater storage capacity of GI in different years in Shenyang was evaluated. The area of GI shows a trend

ABSTRACT This study developed the concept of a dual strategy combining the inline and branching techniques; used to upgrade the capacity of existing steel pipe-based hydraulic systems, with respect to the compromise between the attenuation of surge-magnitude and the limitation of period-expansion of the pressure-wave oscillations. Basically, this concept was based on adding a plastic short-penstock

ABSTRACT The influence of quantitative and qualitative population conditions needs to be jointly considered in the assessment of urban water demand. Through fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), quantitative and qualitative conditions can be jointly analysed to obtain the patterns or recipes that explain the hypothesis tested. This work assesses the influence of water price, income level

ABSTRACT Stormwater tunnels often have massive geometries, with conduit lengths of several kilometers and a wide range of diameter sizes. Modeling rapid filling of these systems is a complex task and needs adequate methodology. One model used in hydraulic analysis of stormwater tunnels is the EPA’s Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). However, model setup conditions related to a pressurization algorithm

ABSTRACT The reliability of water distribution system (WDS) involves imprecise or uncertain parameters. For hydraulic reliability, the uncertain parameters include roughness coefficient, nodal water demand, and the reservoir water level, etc. While water quality reliability is primarily related to chlorine concentrations, with uncertainty parameters including both bulk decay coefficients and wall decay

ABSTRACT Poor mixing is considered to be the main reason for stagnation in water tanks. This can pose threats to public health. Internal tank piping with sprinklers (distributed outlets) has been previously proposed to avoid flow stagnation. This study is the first to use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to investigate more cases and come up with design suggestions. The CFD modeling results

ABSTRACT LID methods have been longly considered to manage urban runoff and improve water. In this research, attempts have been made to obtain the optimal size, type and location of LIDs considering the long-term condition of rainfalls in an urban catchment. The results have been compared in three scenarios: normal, wet and dry conditions in terms of annual rainfalls. For this purpose, LIDs including

ABSTRACT In developing countries, intermittent water supply (IWS) regimes have become a usual mode for operating the water supply systems. The reasons and adverse impacts (inequitable supply, deterioration of pipeline and so on) of the IWS regime are well documented in the literature; however, limited work is available on solutions to improve the IWS regime. Here, we propose the application of multi-outlet

ABSTRACT Hazards act upon vulnerability and exposure to create disaster risk. Despite the growth of disaster risk assessments, the number of approaches that develop vulnerability and exposure studies is still small when compared with hazard modelling. In fact, limited studies have considered the relationship between vulnerability and exposure variables and how this can change future management actions

ABSTRACT The flow patterns in a street are investigated in the case of flow exchanges with the sewer. The experimental facility includes one street and one circular pipe located below eventually connected by one or two drains. Compared to the runs without drain or with drainage, overflow creates a strong (up to 50%) increase of the streamwise velocity in the street, particularly, near the bottom, and

ABSTRACT This paper presents a multi-criteria decision support methodology for selection and prioritization of rehabilitation intervention in urban water infrastructures considering performance, cost and risk and a long-term perspective. This methodology is divided into three main stages: problem identification, structuring and evaluation. Problem structuring, a crucial stage for the outcomes, includes

ABSTRACT Water monitoring programs are essential tools for planning and management, but their associated costs can present challenges, especially in the developing world where funding is tight. This paper addresses the use of data mining techniques in the periodic review of monitoring programs by analyzing the capacity of these techniques to reduce the number of monitored variables. This methodology

ABSTRACT The removal of heavy metal ions from stormwater runoff is a global issue. One of the critical solutions is the selection of innovative adsorbent used in stormwater bioretention systems. The potential use of water treatment residuals (WTRs) containing polyaluminium chloride and anionic polyacrylamide to remove divalent lead ions (Pb2+) and divalent copper ions (Cu2+) from stormwater was investigated

ABSTRACT Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHS) can play a multipurpose role, contributing to the management of rainwater runoff, in addition to the water supply. This article assessed the potential reduction in stormwater runoff by adopting small-scale RWHS in the Brazilian semiarid region based on the Curve-Number (CN). RWHS could minimize runoff in frequency and volume, leading the built environment

ABSTRACT Vietnamese cities are highly vulnerable to urban flooding as a consequence of climate change and rapid urbanisation. In this study, current and future pluvial urban flood hazard was assessed for Ha Tinh city. Climate scenarios were obtained after statistical downscaling by applying a quantile-perturbation approach on ensembles of 170 global and 20 regional climate models. Flood impact analysis

ABSTRACT Urbanization can negatively affect residents’ health and wellbeing. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is increasingly advocated as a win-win strategy for addressing multiple urban problems. Literature quantifying GSI benefits is growing, but it is unclear how it performs in arid and semi-arid cities. This study, co-designed with practitioner partners in Phoenix, Arizona, evaluates the

ABSTRACT Water distribution network are energy-demanding systems affected by low efficiency. In such systems, the pressure is generally kept under control by regulation valves to reduce the waste of water due to the leakages. The employment of energy production devices may be an efficient strategy to both reduce waste of water and produce energy, whose feasibility basically depends on the amount of

ABSTRACT This study addresses the stormwater management challenges and opportunities in the recently growing city of Bojnord in the northeast of Iran assessing six Low Impact Development (LID) stormwater management alternatives using hydrological, social and economic criteria through a questionnaire survey and modeling effort. Hydrological and economic effects were assessed using the SWMM model and

ABSTRACT The optimal scheduling of water pumping systems has gained a lot of attention in the research community. Nevertheless, the advancements obtained in water distribution networks were not transferred to urban drainage sewer systems, due to the reduced storage volumes of the wet wells and the high flows variability. Moreover, the use of variable speed drives, which are required to face the flow

ABSTRACT Despite urban drainage pipe networks being of great significance to urban flood control, few studies have focused on the influence of urban drainage pipe network structure on hydrological response. We studied two areas in downtown Dongying, Shandong Province, China, which have dendritic and loop drainage pipe networks, respectively. The loop network was converted to a dendritic system for

ABSTRACT The occurrence of a representative range of pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) in urban wastewaters was studied in two Portuguese water-scarce regions (Lisbon great area, and Faro – Algarve), involving 55 sampling campaigns during 2.5 years. The results show 16 PhCs (out of the 24 analysed) were quantified in all samples, with similar concentrations in both wastewaters. To understand to what

ABSTRACT Water main breaks are a common recurring problem in water distribution networks, resulting in cascading effects in the whole system and the interconnected infrastructures such as transportation. Having integrated the physical features of pipes such as diameter and environmental factors like precipitation, we propose predictive models based on spatiotemporal data and machine learning methods

ABSTRACT Centralized wastewater treatment plants remove nutrients prior to discharge. Recently, technologies have become available to manage nutrients at different scales (individual buildings, neighborhoods/communities, or large centralized plants). Nutrient-recovery technologies applied upstream of the centralized treatment plant may affect both the wastewater flow rates and the nutrient fluxes reaching

ABSTRACT This paper describes the development and application of a simulation tool to assess the impact of water-efficient appliances and greywater recycling strategies on the domestic water consumption and wastewater generation profiles. Two time-series datasets of domestic water consumption in UK households – each consisting of more than 20,000 observations – were used to deduce water use appliance

ABSTRACT Domestic water use is one of India's primary water uses that also includes irrigation, industrial, and environmental water uses. However, there is a lack of reliable data that hinders the estimation of domestic water use in India. Previous large-scale assessments often estimated domestic water use using population alone as a predictor. Economic and technological development and the improvement

ABSTRACT Pipe leakage from defect subsurface gravity sewer pipe networks potentially contaminates soil and groundwater. In recent times, an increasing number of numerical pipe leakage models incorporating pipe flow, saturated-unsaturated flow in the subsurface, and exchange fluxes from and to leaky pipes have been developed. Numerical benchmarks are required in order to demonstrate result accuracy

ABSTRACT Understanding the driving forces of urban flood variations is important for better formulating future management strategies. This study explores the changes in urban drainage indicators (i.e., catchment area, imperviousness, pipe length and capacity) in historical urbanization and their impacts on urban flood from multiple spatio-temporal scales. By employing a GIS-based processing module

ABSTRACT Urban flooding has become a national challenge in recent years due to a variety of socio-economic and environmental changes alongside rapid land use change in flood-prone areas. Losses from acute and chronic floods have become especially problematic in low-lying urban areas, where stormwater infrastructure deterioration, population growth, and development have accelerated over the last several

ABSTRACT Stormwater biofilters operate in alternating wet-dry cycles and subjects processes to distinct environmental conditions, particularly, moisture content. Pollutants in residual water may undergo chemical or biological transformation during the dry phase and affect pollutant removal. The study aims to analyse filter water content during dry-cycle. Ten Perspex bioretention columns (94 mm internal

ABSTRACT This paper presents a methodology to estimate free residual chlorine concentrations (FRCC) in full-scale water distribution system (WDS) using different degradation kinetics according to pipe material, age and diameter. Intensive field sampling campaigns and laboratory-scale tests were carried out to estimate total and bulk volume FRCC in three WDS. Bulk kinetic constants were estimated for

ABSTRACT The present study reports for the first time the occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the shallow aquifer underlying the Kraków city. Urban groundwater samples were gathered from 11 wells, which can serve as the emergency water supply wells. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method with the previous pre-concentration of samples using

ABSTRACT Research into the benefits of digital water metering (DWM) identified many benefits that were previously unrevealed in the literature. Many benefits are tangible and more easily quantified. Others, like a possible change in customer satisfaction (CS), are not. The objective of this study was to quantify any potential changes to CS from switching from conventional meters to DWM. The findings

ABSTRACT The development of urbanization results in a marked increase in impervious areas, destroying the natural geological features and hydrological properties of the urban developed area. This may cause high risk of flooding, runoff pollution, and water shortages. An integral method is proposed to realize the multi-goals management of stormwater runoff, which called sponge city construction, and

ABSTRACT Mounting water demand due to population growth and rapid urbanization, increasing water usage and associated water wastages make Lahore vulnerable in the context of changing climatic conditions. Lahore Development Authority (LDA), the principle planning agency in the city, introduced rainwater harvesting (RWH) system for residential buildings through clause 5.6.6 of building and zoning regulations

(2021). Research on establishment of the region flood protection standard - a case of watershed of Dajiaxi, Taiwan. Urban Water Journal: Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 173-182.

ABSTRACT In this study, by calibrating creep coefficients using two methods of creep function and transient pressure, the effect of Kelvin-Voigt elements on creep behavior and pressure fluctuations is investigated. The pressure error of different Kelvin-Voigt models shows that the accuracy of three and four-element models for pipes longer than 1000 m in the first method is higher than the second method

ABSTRACT A novel heuristic method for the optimal design of a looped Water Distribution Network (WDN) is proposed. The method is based on the determination of optimal paths that water will follow in a WDN. The new method does not have any parameters that need to be adjusted and does not require a penalty function. It progresses by constantly updating an initial solution, while it gathers information

ABSTRACT Assessing uncertainties of urban drainage models is important for their applications. While most attention in the literature was paid to large comprehensive models, little has been published about Low-Complexity Conceptual Models (LCCMs). This paper explores the uncertainties inherent to a conceptual, data-based proprietary model StormTac Web, simulating annual urban runoff quantity and quality

ABSTRACT Water quality management has increasingly been based on the adoption of risk management frameworks as defined by Water Safety Plans (WSP), through the World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. The potential application of such frameworks in Chile has not been fully explored, therefore it is necessary to identify aspects of water quality management which are currently

ABSTRACT Vietnamese cities are highly vulnerable to urban flooding as a consequence of climate change and rapid urbanisation. In this study, current and future pluvial urban flood hazard was assessed for Ha Tinh city. Climate scenarios were obtained after statistical downscaling by applying a quantile-perturbation approach on ensembles of 170 global and 20 regional climate models. Flood impact analysis

ABSTRACT In many parts of Europe, heavy precipitation events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. Since the current state of pluvial flood protection is low, there is a need to increase public risk perception and to encourage mitigation behavior. Doing this is the goal of risk communication, which is increasingly taking place via social media. In order to assess the importance/potential

ABSTRACT The partition of complex Water Distribution Systems (WDSs) is required in order to simplify and facilitate the routine cumbersome management tasks. As a representative community detection algorithm, the Fast-Newman Algorithm (FNA) can efficiently partition the network into District Metered areas (DMAs) based on the modularity index. However, only the topological attribute is considered in

ABSTRACT Today, urban stormwater management is moving towards Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) that encourage water storage and infiltration to reduce urban runoff and contaminant transfer. Modelling tools are required to quantify SCMs benefits at catchment scale. Based on an original method of land cover representation in a rainfall-runoff model, this paper aims at assessing the impacts of permeable

ABSTRACT Local real-time control (RTC) represents a potentially cost-effective solution for stormwater management in urban drainage systems. Existing methodologies to select the location of flow control devices (FCDs) are limited to single gate systems and are based on analysis of activated storage volume capacity, without considering hydrodynamic processes or rainfall characteristics. In this paper