This paper proposes the use of concrete with a high water/cement ratio of 0.65, 455 kg/m3 of mixed fly ash and low-bond high-strength (LBHS) rebar to develop resilient circular columns confined by bolted steel tubes. The test results indicated that the proposed bolted steel tube-confined fly ash concrete columns with LBHS rebar had great self-centering (SC) capacity and stable lateral load resistance

In continuous steel concrete composite (SCC) girders, the concrete deck is susceptible to cracking because of the negative bending moment, which leads to the redistribution of forces and increases in deformations. The general practice adopted while designing the continuous SCC girder is to ignore the concrete deck in negative moment region and assume the steel girder to resist the entire negative bending

At a global level, there is a vital need to reduce the demand on concrete, because this construction material harms the environment, mainly due to carbon dioxide emission and destroying the surrounding nature for the purpose of taking raw materials during Portland cement manufacturing. This study is an encouraging attempt to utilize the natural resources for the roof construction and diminish using

The use of GFRP bars in concrete structures has emerged as an alternative to conventional RC due to the corrosion of steel in aggressive environments. Although many studies were reported on concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars, still the full potentiality of GFRP reinforced concrete is yet to be known. This study reports experimental, analytical and numerical investigations carried out on concrete

The structural behaviour and design of hot-rolled steel square and rectangular hollow sections (SHS and RHS) under combined axial compression and bending are studied in the present paper. Finite element (FE) models were developed and validated against existing experimental results on hot-rolled normal strength and high strength steel SHS and RHS under combined loading. Upon validation against the test

Steel-concrete composite beams, when requested by negative moment, can fail due to Lateral Distortional Buckling (LDB), local buckling, by a combination of these stability modes or achieve the plastic behavior. LDB is a mode of stability in which the web must distort in order for the compression flange to displace and twist during buckling. Several papers were published in an attempt to clarify the

This paper presents the main results of an investigation focused on evaluating the height-wise distribution and amplitude of permanent interstorey drift, RIDR, demands of four case-study steel moment-resisting frames subjected to near-fault earthquake ground motions having forward-directivity effects (NF-FD) with increasing seismic intensity. To provide a context, maximum (transient) interstorey drift

Design optimization of fiber-reinforced polymeric (FRP) composite products is essential to facilitate their applications in engineering structures. For bridge structures, the main design optimization goals are the reduction of FRP material consumption and the structure weight, which aim to reduce the initial construction cost and achieve a longer bridge span. Compared with conventional steel–concrete

Compressive arch action (CAA) is one of the favorable resistance mechanisms at low deflections against progressive collapse of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings. In this study, Park & Gamble model for calculating the CAA capacity of RC frame structures is modified by incorporating a compressive stress block for high strength concrete (HSC). Meanwhile, a comprehensive database of RC specimens

This study aims at the development of a new hybrid passive energy dissipation device (HPED) which is a combination of X-plate added damping and stiffness damper (XADAS) and friction damper (FD) for improving the seismic performance of structure subjected to earthquakes with different peak ground acceleration values. The advantage of HPED when compared to XADAS and FD of same yield strength as HPED

The performance of nonstructural components in nuclear power plants (NPPs), which is primarily based on experience and historical data, has been attracting increased interest from researchers following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011. This disaster demonstrated the importance of using batteries in NPPs as an auxiliary power system, where such systems can provide the necessary power to

In this paper, the S-N curve of Zn-Al alloy coated steel wire was obtained by setting 30 groups with different corrosion-fatigue tests. The results show that the corrosion-fatigue resistance of Zn-Al alloy coated steel wire is preferable to high-strength steel wire. The crack initiation time of Zn-Al alloy coated steel wire is longer than high-strength steel wire, and the propagation speed is far lower

Curved beams are sometimes used in practical framed structures due to good mechanical properties and artistic design. In a framed structure, curved beams may undergo large displacement and experience nonlinear behavior as same as the other straight slender beam-column members. Thus, a geometrically nonlinear curved beam element plays an important role in the analysis of framed structures with curved

Corrosion as a major threat to civil infrastructures has been extensively investigated for decades. For precast concrete structures, corrosion medium are easier to penetrate into structural joints where precast components are connected or post-casting is applied. The corrosion process and structural deterioration, however, highly depend on structural configuration and construction procedure. Taking

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an cement-based composite material with excellent durability and mechanical properties. Compared with normal concrete (NC), its composition is different and its strength is ultrahigh. As an alternative to NC, more and more attention has been paid to its performance especially for shear performance of working with steel bars. In this paper, the shear performance

Aluminium sections are significantly used as primary load bearing members in the building industry due to its corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication and erection, and high strength-to-weight ratio. Roll-formed aluminium lipped channel beam (LCB) is one of these sections which are typically used as roof purlins, floor joists and rafter. However, LCBs are vulnerable to buckling failures due to the

The autoregressive method is one of the simple methods for modal identification of the output-only systems. However, through the autoregressive method, for identifying n modes at least n sensors are required which is considered as the main challenging issue of this method. Also, in order to extract acceptable modal parameters using this method it is required to implement stationary response. To overcome

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed as a reliable modeling method for simulating and predicting the ultimate moment capacities of castellated steel beams. The training and testing data for neural networks are obtained using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). For this purpose, a series of nonlinear finite element analyses have been carried out to simulate the distortional buckling behavior

This paper presents experimental and numerical studies about the effect of geometric shape of impactors (drop weight) at damage status on weak axis of rectangular hollow section (RHS) steel beams under impact loadings. To do so, six simply supported steel beam specimen with 2000 mm length have been tested on their weak axis from two different height of the drop weight as 1400 mm and 2000 mm respectively

Building isolation is a practical and ubiquitous method for reducing inter-story drift and story acceleration. Previously it has been shown that since an isolator can increase the time period and damping, it can decrease the total energy transmitted from the ground to the structure. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of asymmetric sliding buildings with steel moment frame

Developing new techniques for improving concrete structures performances has resulted in invention of different methods, such as designing smart concrete elements. This study aims to evaluate effectiveness of employing Alternating Magnetic Field (AMF1) in enhancing concrete properties and controlling its behavior. Therefore, some experiments were conducted on some concrete cylindrical specimens, where

In order to study the effect of the vertical deformation of continuous beam structure of CRTS Ι slab ballastless track on rail deformation, this paper analyzes the mapping mechanism of the structural vertical deformation-rail deformation. Based on the principle of stationary potential energy, the work derives an analytical expression for a mapping between the vertical deformation of continuous beam

The numerous advantages of solid slabs, including adequate rigidity, appropriate fire resistance, and sound insulation, have further extended the system’s applications. The main disadvantage of this system is, however, its extreme weight, especially in long spans. Since concrete is not involved in bearing in the tensile zone, its removal can lower the weight without affecting the load bearing of the

In this paper, semi-analytical solution is developed to predict post-buckling configurations of simply-supported columns consisting of an arbitrary number of segments. Geometric and equilibrium relations of the deformed column are utilized to derive the nonlinear governing equations and the closed-form solution is obtained. Unknown parameters in the proposed solution are determined by using a numerical

The reinforced concrete (RC) T-beam is relatively stronger in shear than the rectangular RC beam, represents the most realistic condition and has more implications in the construction industry. However, no study encompassing a large number of results of tests conducted on the RC T-beams externally shear strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) has been found. Therefore, the current study targets

The fatigue flexural behavior of steel-fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams was assessed through the experiment on SFRC beams subjected to fatigue loading and the analysis of Fatigue Prediction Model (FPM). The stress level, tensile reinforcement strength, and steel fiber volume fraction were considered in the program. Test results indicated that steel fibers can improve the fatigue performance of

Application of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) has been increased in the past decade due to its enhanced structural performance. Therefore, it is important to fully characterize its static and dynamic behavior under different loading scenarios. In this paper, the effects of low-percentage steel fibers with four different fiber volume is investigated on the dynamic responses of concrete slabs. First

The fundamental frequency of a historical monument like a masonry bridge or any other structure provides a better and detailed seismic assessment of its demand to provide protection against unexpected seismic ground motion. On this basis, this paper aims to develop an empirical formulation to fit the ambient vibration frequency of historical masonry bridges using a nonlinear regression model. For this

In this article, the effect of mainshock-aftershock sequences on the seismic performance of ordinary reinforced concrete frames (ORCFs) retrofitted by fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) is studied. Various mainshock damage levels are used to precede aftershocks that are incrementally scaled to drive the studied structures into the collapse state. The mainshock damage is represented by the maximum inter-story

In this article, torsional control has been studied in the plan-mass asymmetric vertical seismic isolation (VSI) system considering the three-dimensionally analytical model. In the 3D VSI, a structure is partitioned by vertical isolation planes into two inner and outer substructures interconnected by links for lateral response reduction. In an ideal analytical model of plan-mass asymmetric VSI, plan-wise

Outrigger and belt-truss system is one of the most common lateral load resisting systems in tall and super tall buildings. The prevalence of this system is a result of its efficiency, which has been clarified and proved through a massive number of researches that discussed and investigated various aspects related to the outrigger and belt-truss system. Therefore, combining and summarizing the main

This study investigated the influence of different beam end connection modes on the seismic performance of joints. Three prefabricated steel–concrete composite joints were tested by quasi-static test. Based on the experimental results, the refined finite element model was established by ABAQUS, and its reliability was verified. The influence of different parameters on the seismic performance of the

Good seismic behaviour of prefabricated concrete structures is critical to ensure safe long-term performance of residential and engineering structures. Various connection specimens were fabricated, including three prefabricated reinforced-concrete (RC) shear wall and concrete-filled steel tubular column connections, and one reference cast-in-place specimen. Cyclic loading was used to study the effect

Seismic isolation devices serve as an important measure to reduce hazards or mitigate structure damage subject to earthquakes. It’s of great necessity to select the optimal parameters of isolation devices to achieve a good performance especially for structures near the fault. In this paper, a risk-based approach is proposed to identify the optimal parameters of isolation devices particularly considering

The large-span ice composite shell structure constructed by inflatable formwork and cellulose-water mixture spraying method brings a new aesthetic activity to the conventional ice and snow buildings. How to ensure the structural safety of large-span ice shells and satisfy the serviceability in the operation stage has become an urgent problem for structural engineers. Based on the Koi-fish ice shell

Modeling of masonry buildings subjected to seismic actions still represents an open problem in structural engineering. The equivalent frame model is the most used approach to analyze the seismic behavior of both existing and new masonry constructions but, despite this, several aspects are being researched to improve its effectiveness. Among these, modeling of spandrel panels plays a key role to correctly

If unpredictable loads are applied to flat slab-column connections, punching shear failure occurs with almost no warning signs. To prevent progressive collapse of flat slab-column connections, it is necessary to provide a secondary load carrying mechanism after punching shear failure. In this research, some suggestions for establishing an alternative mechanism in flat slab connections after punching

Using single elliptical (SE) cage reinforcement in reinforced concrete pipes (RCP) can reduce both the needed reinforcing steel and labor for manufacturing double and triple steel reinforcing cages. However, there is currently no robust tools to predict the structural behavior of RCP with SE reinforcement. In this study, non-linear 3D finite element model was developed to evaluate the load capacity

Cold-formed steel (CFS) shear walls filled with lightweight polymer material (LPM) is an efficient structural system which can provide high lateral stiffness and strength to resist lateral loads. Despite the significant advantages, the nonlinear behavior of the CFS shear wall filled with LPM is not fully understood. In this study, a total of seven full-scale CFS shear walls filled with LPM were tested

Offshore installations are designed to withstand against potential collisions from offshore supply vessels (OSV). Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) provides an overall picture of expected collision frequencies and consequences for the design life of a platform and subsequently estimates the damage repair cost. However, the main challenge of the QRA study is how well various uncertainties are implemented

Shear wall system is a common seismic force resisting system that is used for both reinforced masonry (RM) and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. RM shear walls can provide a considerable level of ductility like RC walls, especially for walls with boundary elements. The latest provisions of the Canadian Standard for Masonry allowed a higher level of ductility for RM shear walls based on their ductile

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are increasingly being used for the condition assessment of existing structures. In order to ensure best funding allocations and most effective maintenance and repair activities, the reliability of NDE technologies for a particular application needs to be carefully assessed to determine the margin of error (MOE) of NDE data. This research aims to investigate

The breakaway friction coefficient of curved surface sliders (CSSs) governs the transition between the sticking and the sliding behavior of the isolators, and hence affects the response of an isolated building during an earthquake. When the inertia forces induced by low-to-moderate intensity excitations are not able to overcome the breakaway frictional resistance of the CSS isolation system, the structure

This study investigated the bond behavior of reinforced concrete members subjected to corrosion and rehabilitated by partial depth repair using self-compacting concrete. Twelve beam-end specimens (600 × 500 × 250 mm) were tested, and two bonded lengths were considered (250 mm and 350 mm) to study the bond behavior of cleaned corroded rebar repaired by partial depth repair concrete. Two levels of corrosion

Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) is considered as one of the efficient lateral loading resisting systems used in areas with high seismicity. The present study investigates the behavior of plates with circular cut-outs under different infill plate boundary conditions. The effect of opening dimensions on the behavior of steel plate shear walls, boundary element stiffness and steel infill plate interconnection

In this paper, macro-modeling methods of the slab-column connections were suggested to predict their post-punching behavior. These modeling techniques can be used to evaluate the potential for progressive collapse of flat slab buildings. It is acknowledged that structural damage is primarily focused on the flat slabs at their slab-column connections. In the suggested model, shell elements were used

This paper investigates the effectiveness of multiple barriers employed in safety-related concrete structures of nuclear power plants against aircraft impact. These barriers are constructed using reinforced concrete (RC) and steel plate reinforced concrete (SC) structural panels. The performance of such multiple barriers against the impact of a missile or an aircraft is found in many published studies

The purpose of this investigation is to investigate the axial and lateral behavior of low strength concrete confined by glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) wraps. A total of 48 cylindrical samples having 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height were strengthened and examined. The mix designs were provided with four different target strength (5, 10, 15, and 20 MPa). The axial and lateral strain were studied

The current standards for seismic design of cold-formed steel (CFS) structures are only limited to the lateral force-resisting systems which are not appropriate for mid-rise constructions due to their low shear resistance. Therefore, innovative hybrid CFS systems have recently been proposed and developed in response to the needs of CFS provisions as well as lightweight steel industry in mid-rise construction

Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs) are the class of smart materials that show ability to memorize different shapes and regain original shape. The conventional method is to heat SMP above its glass transition temperature (Tg) and deform it to obtain the desired shape. It reverts to original shape upon heating. This is known as hot programming. Recent advances in the programming of SMP have shown promising

Building carbon intensity is related to material choice, but more importantly, material volume. The building structural frame itself is responsible for 20–30% of whole-life carbon over 50 years. This figure will double once we build net-zero operational carbon buildings. Carbon savings in the use of materials are therefore he key to reducing the environmental impact of buildings. Recent studies have

Slit dampers are a specific type of metallic yielding dampers, which are created by cutting a series of slits/openings in metal plates subjected to in-plane shear deformation. These slits/openings divide the metal plates into a number of links that dissipate the input energy through their plastic in-plane deformations. In this paper, a new brace-type slit damper (BSD) is proposed, and the behavior

Ultra high voltage (UHV) transmission tower-line coupling system consists of transmission lines (conductors and ground wires) supported by a series of lattice towers. However, in the current seismic design code, the transmission lines are just simplified as additional mass while the effect of nonlinear vibration of transmission lines on the seismic responses of transmission towers is not taken into

This research investigates the impact of mix design methods on the mechanical characteristics of steel fibre-reinforced concrete (SFRC) made with recycled aggregates (RA) obtained from a precast waste concrete. The experimental campaign was carried out in two phases. In phase I, three types of steel fibre (SF) differing only in shape were examined. Then, eight mixes were formulated, considering a range

The dynamic amplification factor plays a vital role in the design of masonry structures under action of dynamic forces causing high strain rate loading. Therefore, the study is aimed to predict the dynamic amplification factor through numerical investigations. The finite element simulations have been performed using micro modelling approach on ABAQUS/Explicit commercial finite element software. The

The Butterfly-shaped Link Steel Plate Shear Wall as a novel lateral resisting system is proposed and experimentally investigated. In this system, by creating the peripheral Butterfly-shaped links in the web plate, the lateral load resisting mechanism is determined by the shear strength of the links. The geometric attributes of the links are effective parameters for predicting the values of stiffness

This study investigated the seismic responses, earthquake failure modes, and collapse fragility of a 1000 kV outgoing line frame (OLF1000, a supporting-equipment structure used in substations), by considering the interactions in the tower line system (ITLS). First, three analytical models of the OLF1000 were established, in which transmission lines were represented as massless springs based on their

As seen during numerous earthquakes, confined masonry exhibited a reliable anti-seismic response due to a number of factors. To understand the effect of these factors, a case study of full scale confined masonry (CM) structure is considered and results of its numerical assessment are described. It focus mainly on the evaluation of factors such as masonry strength, wall density, pre-compression level

The steel-UHPC composite beam shows many advantages over its conventional steel-concrete counterpart. In this paper, the flexural performance of large-scale steel-UHPC composite beams composed of a precast UHPC slab, which is connected to the steel girder by large-headed stud clusters embedded with shear pockets, were investigated through a four-point bending test. According to test results, no splitting