In the past three decades, several experiments were conducted to investigate the seismic behavior of composite plate shear walls (C-PSW) because of their advantages to conventional reinforced concrete (RC) and steel plate shear walls (SPSW). Numerical studies, however, are limited due to the complexities for the finite element modeling of the steel and concrete material behaviors and their composite

In this study, the collapse-resistant performance of two, one-third scale composite beam–column substructures, with bolt and welded (WUF) connections and cover plate reinforced (WUFG) connections, were investigated by performing quasi-static tests. The experimental results demonstrated that the cover plate of the WUFG connections contributes to an increased displacement and bearing capacity in comparison

Assessment of seismic fragility of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings requires appropriate consideration of uncertainty in aleatory and epistemic sources. Aleatory uncertainty is typically attributed to randomness in ground motion records, while epistemic is due to the uncertainties in structural modelling. The present work focuses on obtaining the variability functions and fragility curves by considering

Composite decks made of steel profiled sheets are extensively noted by researchers and industries due to their desirable economic and mechanical advantages. The major drawback of this type of decks is having a notable amount of concrete in the tension zone which implies a notable dead load to the structure. The main purpose of this study is to enhance the efficacy of these decks by introducing new

This study proposes two types of U-bar joints: rectangular joints with stainless steel ties and T-shaped joints. The mechanical properties of four joint specimens subjected to combined bending and shear forces were studied experimentally and numerically. The T-shaped joint details effectively increased the cracking load and controlled the development of interface cracks. The bearing capacity of the

The present study aims to investigate the efficiency of application of steel fiber-reinforced self-consolidating concrete (SFR-SCC) jackets for strengthening RC beams in flexure and shear. Accordingly, 10 beam specimens were constructed and categorized under two main groups. In the first group, the specimens were designed in a way that shear failure was dominant so that the effectiveness of SFR-SCC

The trends of irregular building construction have rapidly increased due to aesthetic and limited availability of land. Past studies have shown that the structures with configuration irregularity are damaged under strong ground motion. Structural irregularities are important factors which decrease the seismic performance of the structures. Buildings having structural irregularities result in the uneven

Corrugated webs are often utilized in bridge engineering applications due to better shear resistance and improved aesthetics. The stress distribution due to flexure and shear of corrugated girders is different from that of the flat girders. Generally, due to the accordion effect, it is assumed that the web contribution is negligible to the bending moment resistance. Further, the use of slender flanges

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (NLFEA) was used to simulate reinforced concrete flat slabs with shear reinforcement and holes. Fifteen slabs were subject to laboratory testing and then simulated on Diana software. Six slabs had shear reinforcement, and five slabs presented holes and shear reinforcement. Stud shear reinforcement was used in the study, with variation in the number of holes (two or

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the mechanical behaviour of the Self-stressing Steel Slag Aggregate Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (SSSACFST) short columns under axial compression. Ten SSSACFST short columns with different diameter-thickness ratios and expansion rates of Steel Slag Aggregate Concrete (SSAC) are designed, and three different axial compression tests are conducted

The Conventional Timber Brace (CTB) is a simple and economical lateral load resisting system capable of providing a suitable elastic (initial) stiffness, thanks to the stiff behavior of the timber in parallel to the grain direction. However, their inelastic behaviour, appearing in case of major seismic events, is a matter of concern mainly because of the degradation of both ultimate strength and elastic

A three-dimensional nonlinear soil-structure interaction analysis is simulated in time domain in order to evaluate the behavior of a nuclear reactor building under different earthquake motions. The effects of earthquake frequency content and soil-structure interaction are taken into account by using three different ground motions and four different soil types. Viscous boundary and free-field column

The structural response of metal sheets under various in-plane loads are investigated in this article using a combined experimental and numerical approach. For this purpose, four different specimen shapes, made from 2 mm thin sheets of aluminum (AL1100) and mild steel (IS 1570), are tested at different loading angles, e.g., pure shear (0°), pure tension (90°) and mixed mode (30°, 60°) in the Arcan

This paper presents an experimental investigation to identify the fundamental vertical dynamic parameters (natural frequency, damping ratio and body mass ratio) of the standing human body on a vibrating single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure. The human whole-body model was previously derived based on the theory of human-structure interaction. Two groups of people participated in the experiment.

Design standards across the world use different parameters to quantify degree of torsional irregularity of buildings. Popular among such descriptors are the normalized static eccentricity ratio, torsional radius to mass radius of gyration ratio, maximum to minimum (or average) elastic floor displacement ratio, etc. However prior research, particularly on idealized single storey systems have indicated

Fatigue behavior of corroded non-load-carrying fillet welded joints exposed to atmosphere in Nanjing for 1-year which were made of bridge weathering steel Q345qNH was explored in this paper. Fatigue tests were conducted on 8 specimens which were under 8 stress ranges, fitted S-N curve and lower bound of 95% survival probability were established. It was found that fatigue strength dropped by 26.2% after

During the previous major seismic events, the unseating of the bridge superstructure was caused by large relative displacements which exceeded the bridge seat length. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce a multi-level unseating prevention device (MLUPD) to control deck movement. This device is capable of providing lateral resistance force with different performance levels of bridge girder movement

Light and slender pedestrian bridges which emerged as a result of new material technology and advanced computational techniques, are increasingly used to cater to the architectural and aesthetic demands of the communities. It is a very challenging task to satisfy the current code requirements on the dynamic performance of such bridges which are made of lighter composite materials. This paper attempts

In areas with high seismicity, the construction of reinforced concrete structures with high ductility requires observance of the special seismic specifications of the ACI 318 regulations. This will increase the congestion of transverse reinforcement in the beam-column joints, and this reinforcement congestion in the joints in turn will bring along problems in the construction and concreting. In this

Deep beams are used in various applications in reinforced concrete (R.C.) structures. There have been continuous efforts to enhance and improve the performance of these crucial elements in (R.C.) structures by using several strengthening techniques such as using the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). However, by exploring the literature, none of the previously conducted experimental tests have

The mass center of the roof in building frames is usually considered as a target point when a nonlinear static (pushover) analysis needs to be carried out. In the present study, 12 steel frames with 7, 15 and 30 stories as well as 5 and 7 spans equipped with steel plate shear wall (SPSW) as the lateral load-resisting system, were modeled numerically and displacement capacity spectrum was extracted

Lateral torsional buckling (LTB) of I-beams is characterized by simultaneous lateral deflection and twist. In this paper the influence of destabilizing and neutral effects of loadings and the possibility of the occurrence of web distortion, which characterizes the lateral distortional buckling (LDB), is numerically investigated. Recent research has shown divergences between the standard procedures

Steel fenders are frequently employed in bridge pier shields to engross collision energy due to vessel impact. However, vulnerability to corrosion is a major drawback in existing steel fenders. To end this, an innovative composite fender structure consisting of corrugated steel and Preplaced Aggregate Fibre Reinforced Concrete (PAFRC) is introduced. Corrugated plates of steel are intended to absorb

The aggregates segregation in mortars is an event that lead to the formation of a properties gradient along size of the piece, affecting the mechanical performance of the material. In rubberized mortars, the rubber particles are less dense than other aggregates and it can causes considerable segregation effect, depending on the material processing conditions. In present study, the rubber segregation

Preventive maintenance is one of the important development directions in maintenance engineering of steel bridge. To improve the pertinence of fatigue detection and preventive maintenance of steel bridge decks, a prediction method for key damaged parts was established. The process of method establishment and verification were described detailly, including a real bridge test, finite element analysis

Superstructure rotation method (SRM) can optimize bridge construction in terms of reducing impacts on traffic, safety and overall budget. This paper focus on the key scientific problems of the swivel arch bridge, and takes the world’s largest high-speed railway swivel arch bridge on soft soil foundation over Hu-Hang highway as the engineering background. Construction technologies of this project including

The stability of compression members is typically assessed through buckling curves, which include the influence of initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses. Alternatively, the capacity may be obtained more directly by carrying out either an elastic or an inelastic second order analysis using equivalent bow imperfections that account for both geometric imperfections and residual stresses

The concept of seismic resilience plays an important role in seismic assessment of structures as it assesses the capability of a system to withstand an unwanted event, such as earthquakes, by estimating the losses and determining the system’s functionality and sustainability during and after such event. In this study, a framework was utilized to assess the seismic resilience of Reinforced Masonry Shear

The Innovative hybrid coupled shear wall system (HCW) is one of the most advanced economical structural systems which has already been conducted. It constitutes of RC shear wall connected to two side steel columns by mean of replaceable coupling steel links. The main design objective of this system is to withstand lateral loads with minimized or even no damage of non-replaceable components (i.e. RC

In many earthquake prone regions in developing countries, substandard steel moment resisting frame (SMRF) systems pose a profound danger to people and economy in the case of a strong seismic event. Eccentric bracing systems with replaceable vertical links can be utilized as an efficient and practical seismic retrofitting technique to reduce future earthquake damages to such structures. This paper aims

The nonlinear dynamic response of cantilever beams under transverse harmonic excitation is investigated experimentally and numerically. The experimental set up, finite element formulation with accurate representation of curvature/inertia nonlinearities, multi-modal transverse displacement approximation and solution methodology for the periodic solution of the resulting nonlinear equations of motion

The present research work has endeavored to investigate the structural behavior of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete columns confined with FRP-tubes under axial concentric and eccentric loadings. A finite element analysis (FEA) model of FRP-tube confined concrete columns having longitudinal reinforcements of either carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and/or glass fiber reinforced

In this study, the fuzzy static behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) semi-rigid frame structures is freshly addressed. For the analysis purpose, a new FGM beam element with flexible connections is established. Moreover, a computationally efficient procedure is developed to predict the fuzzy static structural behaviors. An FGM beam and an FGM planar frame involving fuzzy uncertainties in material

This article presents a refined version of the Combined Action Softened Truss Model (CA-STM) with efficient solution procedure to analyze reinforced concrete (RC) members under torsion combined with bending. To refine the model, a set of appropriate smeared stress–strain relationships for concrete and steel bars, to account for the softening and stiffening effects, are implemented. For solid sections

Punching shear action has been a focus for research in the field of civil engineering and using a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) grid is a novel configuration of the engineering materials. We present the test results of an experimental program on the punching shear performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) grid reinforced concrete slabs. Six full-scale 1600 × 1600 × 150 mm slab specimens

Autogenous recovery after fire exposure is known to be effective on the behavior of reinforced concrete structural members. This is substantially attributed to the variations on the residual mechanical properties of concrete as a function of time after fire. For the first time, in this study, an experimental study was carried out to examine the impact of time after fire on (i) post-fire behavior of

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) has been widely used in civil engineering. Numerous studies have shown that concrete-filled double-skin steel tube (CFDST) columns exhibit satisfactory mechanical properties under various loading conditions. Furthermore, ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) has been developed as a prominent representative of new construction materials. This study

A cyclic loading test is a simple method to determine the behavior of shear connection between steel and concrete. Tests using different cases of cyclic loading is necessary since most experimental programs considered limited loading conditions during reversed cyclic loading test. Various cyclic loading cases should be applied during cyclic tests in order to consider different situations. This study

This paper simulates the stress concentration caused by adjacent corrosion pits using experimental and numerical method. A detailed three-dimensional finite element solid model is established and validated by individual notched specimen. The shape factor and shape transformation factor are proposed to represent the relationship between the stress concentration factor induced by individual ellipse and

Dissipative steel connections for cross-laminated timber buildings are often characterized by biaxial tension-shear interaction in strength and displacement capacity. Detailed continuum models with nonlinear finite elements provide faithful results in simulating the hysteretic response of complex structural systems but generally require too much computational effort. The use of nonlinear macro-elements

Exposure of the columns on the first floor to lateral vehicular impact poses a great threat to the structural stability of buildings. In most cases, these columns may not be designed to resist the lateral impact force caused by the car-column collision. The dynamic impact force will cause deformation, reduce the bearing capacity of the column, and can cause catastrophic failure. In this study, the

The mechanical behaviours of the rebar in steel half-grouted sleeve connections with constructional deficiencies in the water/binder grout ratio were experimentally investigated in this study. The experimental variables were the rebar diameter, which varied from a small value of 12 mm to a large value of 20 mm, and the water/binder ratio of the grout, which ranged from 0.12 to 0.24. Six groups of steel

Nowadays, conventional shear connectors used in the composite slab with steel deck are welded headed shear studs. If the structure reaches the end of its design life, repairing these connectors will cost a lot and cause significant environmental damage. In this paper, with a numerical study, welded shear stud connectors were replaced with new bolted shear ones and the effects of parameters, such as:

Linear procedures (lateral static force method or modal response spectrum analysis) are the standard approach for the seismic design of new structures. On the contrary, nonlinear procedures, in particular incremental pushover analysis, should be used for the seismic assessment of existing buildings, because it is difficult to estimate the behavior factor of a building in the absence of a standardized

Stability is one of the most important parameters to evaluate seismic base isolators. Previous research has illustrated the power of base isolators with single and multiple rubber cores. While that work provided a critical introduction to this innovative idea, the lateral stability of seismic steel-rubber base isolators with single and multiple rubber cores was not evaluated; thus it is the topic of

Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Bearings (SREB) are mostly designed and used for providing different supporting conditions under service loads; while recent studies have shown remarkable characteristics which help them as a cost-effective isolation system. However, little investigation has been carried out to indicate the influence of parameters affecting the mechanical properties of the bearings under

Rockfall disasters pose a significant threat to bridge structures in mountainous areas. Most of the destroyed bridge structures in mountainous regions are impacted by rockfalls to different degrees. Reinforced concrete (RC) columns with circular and square cross-sections are extensively used in bridge structures as typical alternatives, because of their advantages of easy construction and good performance

This paper aims to present an alternative for modeling an inverse dynamic behaviors of a magneto-rheological (MR) damper using a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy inference system. The highly nonlinear dynamic nature of this device, however, has proven to be a significant challenge for researchers who try to characterize its behavior. Therefore, in this paper an optimum inverse TSK model of the MR dampers

The steady-state response of a rectangular plate with four free edges supported at internal points subjected to external force is determined. The general analytical solution is obtained by a hybrid method that decomposes the original structure into four basic rectangular plates with different boundary conditions. A numerical example is presented to show that the high-degree accuracy can be gained with

In most of the internationally recognized design codes, the design provisions for Light weight concrete (LWC) elements was developed based on modifying normal weight concrete (NWC) ones. With the many impressive advances in manufacturing of LWC including but not limited to adding fibers to the mix. And LWC structures are spread worldwide in various applications. Thus, design codes need a revisit based

Review of literature in the field of soil-pile raft-structure interaction indicates that considerable research effort was rendered towards to achieve accuracy in dynamic soil structure interaction (DSSI) model. Interestingly, limited results are available for design response of whole structural system. It is relevant to mention that pile damage (bending) has become a cause of distress in structures

This paper presents different modeling technique approaches of the single-link uniform cross-sectional shape manipulators. Three different materials of manipulators which are epoxy-glass and carbon-fiber for composite manipulators and steel manipulator are considered for both simulation and experimental analyses. Three different modelling techniques which are solid, beam and shell models are used for

Elastic buckling of stiffened steel plate walls (S-SPWs) under combined compression and shear was studied focusing on the stiffness demand on stiffeners to implement subpanel’s buckling mode. Flat-bars and closed form stiffeners were considered. Threshold stiffness of stiffeners is presented for elastic buckling of subpanels of S-SPWs in pure compression, pure shear and combined compression and shear

Damage may accumulate in structures that are exposed to multiple earthquakes, mitigating their ability to withstand after future ground shaking. Several recent studies have focused on improving the post-earthquake functionality of structures by using re-centering devices or materials. Superelastic shape memory alloy (SE-SMA) material has received considerable attention from the seismic community. However

ACI 318-14 analyzes reinforced concrete corbel by shear friction (SF) and/or strut-and-tie modeling (STM). This work presents the results of experimental tests conducted on three reinforced concrete corbels that had a height of 390 mm and a width of 115 mm. The corbels had different shear span to effective depth ratios (a/d), which were 0.5, 1 and 1.5, respectively. Each test specimen was analyzed

The seismic vulnerability of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures was observed during the past seismic events, which caused a huge loss of life and property. However, URM buildings are quite common in developing countries like India as they offer cheap shelters to people with low income. An easily implementable strengthening technique with cost-effective materials for enhancement of the seismic behaviour

In this study, the reliability assessment of the system of structure-MR damper in controlling seismic responses of the structure via semi-active control is studied. In this regard, numerical results are presented for two different examples including three and ten-storey shear structures. The limit state functions are defined based on the control responses obtained from the use of MR dampers in the

This paper presents an objective methodology to assess material overuse through the determination of a Structural Efficiency parameter for building structures, and to demonstrate the feasibility of such measurement while providing preliminary results to support its importance. Despite the current scenario of climate emergency, building structures are evolving towards more material-demanding systems

This paper presented an experimental investigation on the Polyvinyl Chloride-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (PVC-CFRP) Confined Concrete (PVC-CFRP-CC) stub columns under axial compression. A total of two PVC Confined Concrete (PVC-CC) columns and ten PVC-CFRP-CC columns were conducted. The effect of spacing of CFRP strips on mechanical behaviors of PVC-CFRP-CC stub columns was investigated. Meanwhile