Mechanical properties of masonry play important role in the identification of seismic behavior during earthquakes. As historical earthquakes precisely note that the non-engineered masonry buildings are the most affected structural forms during earthquakes, analytical models should be more representative to capture the real damage mechanisms. Similar scenario was reflected during the 1988, 2011, and

Being cost-effective, rapid construction, high transportability, and maintainability, post-tensioned precast concrete segmental bridges (PT-PCSBs) have been one of the most preferred choices for sites that are restrictive to access. Yet, deterioration due to aging, improper maintenance, and unaccounted shrinkage of bridge decks can cause unexpected prestress loss/gain and alter the structural behaviour

Modular construction is considered as a game-changing technology since it offers faster construction, safer manufacturing, better quality control, and lower environmental impacts compared with the traditional onsite construction. These benefits can be maximised in high-rise buildings due to their inherently topological modular form and the increased number of repeatable modules. However, current applications

Better than traditional stud connectors, the high-strength bolts enable rapid assembly of steel–concrete composite beams and replacement of decks. However, the researches on the shear performance of high-strength bolt connectors in prefabricated steel–concrete composite beams are relatively limited. Existing studies have not considered the effect of bolt holes in concrete slabs on structural performance

The thermodynamic and acoustic behaviors of prefabricated composite wall panel were investigated based on the heat transmission and acoustic principles. Moreover, the thermal conductivity formula of the prefabricated composite wall panel based on thermal conductivity equivalence method was proposed by deducing the solving process of thermodynamic parameters. Changes of sound reduction index and sound

Numerous aftershocks can be triggered by a strong mainshock and may cause more severe and widespread structural damage with respect to a single seismic event. This study investigates the effect of relative differences between the incident angles of consecutive earthquakes on seismic demands of structures as bi-linear Single-Degree-Of-Freedom (SDOF) systems. To this aim, constant-strength spectra are

This paper uses an innovative algorithm combining machine learning as a decision-maker (DM) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), called DMPSO, as a structural optimization technique, to design reinforced concrete frames for progressive collapse employing the alternate path method. In the alternate path method, multiple scenarios of removing critical elements should be considered, which makes the

Curved structural envelopes have been popular in architecture in the past decades. Their main limitation is their high cost, which is due in particular to the manufacturing complexity induced by curvature. This article introduces Caravel meshes, a new family of meshes that offers geometrical properties allowing a significant reduction of fabrication complexity. In particular, for gridshells, the most

Strengthening strategies have become extremely efficient as demonstrated in recent scientific works and real field applications. The recent calamitous events focused the interest on existing masonry structures. In the common practice the strengthening strategies are performed improving the load capacity of existing structural elements. However, especially for slender masonry elements like as arches

Estimating the buckling resistance of stiffened plates with detailed numerical models can provide high fidelity results, but for the preliminary design phase of aircraft structures this is impractical, since numerous iterations or sensitivity analyses are required. Analytical solutions become preferable for this design phase. To this end, an approximate closed-form solution is developed to estimate

The present study aims to address the instability mode of the concrete spherical joint in order to guarantee the safety of the rotating process of the swing bridge. A new critical overturning moment model is proposed to calculate the overturning moment of swing bridge based on the non-Hertz contact theory, and it is validated against the engineering application of the Nandu River Swing Bridge construction

Eight structural fire tests on an aluminum alloy shell specimen are conducted in this paper. Firstly, the test program is described in detail. Then, test results, including the test phenomenon, the temperature-time curves, and the displacement-time curves, are exhibited. In the structural fire tests, the specimen under ventilation-controlled fires had greater thermal and structural responses. The maximum

An experimental campaign was initiated to determine the high-speed pullout behavior of deep-mounted carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips bonded with a flexible, visco-elasto-plastic adhesive to clay brick masonry. A total of 14 direct pull-tests were conducted. Strong correlations were found between both the pull-out strength/bonded length relation and the pull-out strength/loading rate relation

Appropriate transfer of the shear force of a perfobond strip used as a shear connector in steel concrete hybrid structures depends on the restraining effect around the strip, and hence, the arrangement of the surrounding reinforcements is very important to improve the restraining effect. However, when the perfobond strip is arranged in narrow joint structures and when the rapid construction is also

In recent decades, self-compacting concrete (SCC) has gradually gained popularity based on its unique workability without any internal and external vibration. SCC development must ensure an acceptable level of balance between deformability and stability by following the characteristics of materials and the mix proportions. In the case of the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures

Among highway bridges, curved ones are very common at urban intersections and, generally, in limited urban spaces. However, such bridges are often involved in multiple vibrational behaviors, making them more sensitive to vertical components of ground motion due to their irregular geometry. The primary objective of this study has been to develop a theoretical approach using the relationships of structural

This research is aimed to develop an efficient and high-performance four-node iso-parametric beam element, which is composed of Functionally Graded Material (FGM). In addition, different patterns of material distribution will be considered through the height of element. On the other hand, beam’s imperfection, presented here with porosity, is taken into account by using the rule of mixture. In order

This paper investigates the influence of perforated masonry walls on the progressive collapse resistance of multi-story reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In this study, bare and infill-wall RC frames are studied by considering column failure at corner and exterior locations. Infill-wall panels are simulated by using equivalent compression struts and their provision of alternate load paths under

This study is performed to examine the effectiveness of using externally prestressed strands for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams with large openings. A total of nine RC deep beams with large openings having a rectangular cross-section of 150 × 400 mm and a total length of 1600 mm were constructed and tested up to failure under three-point bending. The studied parameters were

Current study proposes a new approach for seismic response assessment of torsionally irregular modern buildings with special dual reinforced concrete system by multi-direction pushover analysis. Analytical formulas are developed to define distribution of inter-storey drift, ductility and damage indices in a 3-dimensional perspective wherein the response distributions can be monitored in all the pr

Flutter is a critical point of concern in the wind-resistant design of long-span suspension bridges. As a novel realization, the multi-tower suspension bridge is becoming more and more popular in engineering communities. The aeroelastic stability of this kind of bridge attracts intensive attentions. To better understand the flutter performance of multi-tower suspension bridges, a long-span quadruple-tower

The development of structural damage identification based on dynamic characteristics has been suffering from certain issues, such as low computational efficiency and lack of high-sensitivity damage indicators. In addition, the application of damage-sensitive objective function and efficient optimization technique control the success of damage identification as two key factors. To this regard, a damage

A predictive chloride permeability model accounting for the concrete mixture and cement hydration is developed. This paper presents the formulation, calibration, evaluation and validation of the proposed model. An experimental program is developed to evaluate the model. Analysis of the results reveal that the model provides a good fit to the experimental data and does not contain outliers or discerning

The 2010/2011 Canterbury, New Zealand earthquakes resulted in minor to severe levels of damage to a number of high-rise Reinforced Concrete Frame with Masonry Infill (RCFMI) buildings that were constructed before the establishment of the first New Zealand seismic code in 1935. Because a ductile design philosophy was not adopted in the New Zealand structural seismic design process until the release

This study intends to determine the effect of fiber type and aggregate content on hardened and durability properties of self-consolidating concrete. Steel, glass, and steel/glass hybrid fibers are tested in the present experimental program. Additionally, the effect of aggregate content is considered by using different packing factors and sand-to-all aggregate ratios. Moreover, normal and high strength

In most of researches on soil-structure systems, it is assumed that the foundation is bonded to the ground where no foundation uplift is allowed. Uplifting makes changes in force–displacement behavior of the soil-structure systems, which in turn alters structural demands. In this research, a set of non-dimensional parameters is considered which controls the behavior of uplifting systems. The effects

Due to the different corrosive conditions in the atmospheric zone, splash and tidal zone, and submerged zone, coastal bridge columns in marine environment always suffer from non-uniform corrosion along the height. As a result, an important phenomenon of plastic hinge transfer can occur, which has a significant effect on the seismic performance of the coastal structures. However, this problem has seldom

Reactive powder concrete-filled steel tube (RPCFT) consists of rectangular or circular steel tube filled with reactive powder concrete (RPC). Currently, there is a general lack of knowledge regarding the behavior of RPCFT members subjected to axial tension. This paper addresses the knowledge gap by conducting experimental tests on 57 specimens, including 33 RPCFT specimens, 21 RPC specimens, and three

The current study presents the results of an experimental program on the application of carbon-fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites to improve the lateral strength capacity of exterior reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column connections. In such connections, the CFRP composites are bonded onto the top and bottom sides of the beam; however, the presence of the column restricts continuation of FRP

This study aims to investigate the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of a medium-span old concrete arch bridge in Iran's railway network, through incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). To this end, the finite element model of the bridge was developed and its dynamic properties were calibrated based on experimental results. The effect of soil-foundation flexibility was

Increasing demand for high-rise buildings and other important structures in urban areas and unfavorable land has resulted to opt for piled raft foundation by the designers. The present study is an attempt to investigate the seismic behavior of piled raft foundation supporting structural system embedded in very soft clay encompassing variations of different influential parameters. The piled raft system

The large-deflection analysis of a tapered beam-column under transverse loadings and restrained axially is presented. The proposed method is based on the Differential Transform Method (DTM) but with improved efficiency. This is achieved by separately analyzing and incorporating the differential transform of the trigonometric functions sinθ and cosθ with θs-=∑k=0muks-k being the solution to the problem

Recently, the interest in research for optimization of viscous dampers in design of buildings has been increasing. In this study, the effect of soil-structure interaction has been taken into account for the purpose of optimal design of viscous dampers. A damper optimization method based on a target damping ratio and interstorey drift ratio found in literature has been adapted for a building structure

Steel-reinforced concrete-filled circular steel tubular (SRCFT) stub columns is a novel type of composite columns, which have a great potential to be used as piers or columns in practical engineering. Hence, it is essential to comprehend the compressive performance of SRCFT stub columns and suitably predict the compressive strength for the engineering design and applications. This paper aims to investigate

The spanning cable which has self-weight and bending stiffness is studied using the heavy elastica equations. It is found that flexural rigidity has considerable effect on the catenary properties. For a given spanning distance and rigidity, the optimum cable lengths for minimal maximum tension are determined.

Underground structures are proven to be one of the vital part of modern transportation system. With the growing importance of tunnels for mobility, they are being subjected to threats of severe terrorist activities. Urban tunnels are mainly located in the upper few kilometers and are highly susceptible to deformations even at very low strain rates. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made

Although a well established comprehension of the torsional design is a must for an accurate and economic design of concrete members, however, after 180 years of research very little is known about the torsion design of lightweight concrete (LWC) beams. Several projects are undergoing with the objective of improving design provisions, including but not limited to those for shear, torsion, and LWC, however

For an in-depth understanding of the seismic behavior of shaped columns, a kind of T-shaped prefabricated special-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular with rectangular multi-cell columns was proposed in this paper. Furthermore, three specimens of full scale were designed and produced for low cyclic reversed loading and their failure morphology, hysteresis curve and P-Δ curve were obtained. The experimental

The steel slit shear wall (SSSW), made by cutting slits in a steel plate and usually installed between floor beams, is an effective lateral-force-resisting system. To ensure sufficient development of plasticity at the slit ends for seismic energy dissipation, a stiff connection between the floor beam and SSSW is needed to concentrate the story lateral deformation into the SSSW. The present study aims

The load carrying capacity of cold-formed steel (CFS) beams can be enhanced by employing optimisation techniques. Recent research studies have mainly focused on optimising the bending capacity of the CFS beams for a given amount of material. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, very limited research has been performed to optimise the CFS beams subject to shear and web crippling actions for a

In this study, two types of prefabricated steel structures with a new type of semi-rigid connection were investigated, and the effects of prestressed cable and wall panel were evaluated. A semi-rigid connection test was carried out to evaluate the rotational properties, and the initial cross-sections of structural components were optimized using a proposed optimization program. The prefabricated high-rise

This study investigated into the effect of infill walls on behavior of reinforced-concrete (RC) special moment frames subjected to multiple earthquakes. For this purpose, 4, 8 and 12-storey RC frames in three cases of inclusion and exclusion of infill walls as well as inclusion of infill walls with openings are analyzed using OpenSees software. The nonlinear static and dynamic analyses are carried

Adopting crushed coal gangue as aggregates for new concrete production could be a sustainable alternative to natural aggregates and could reduce landfill space. For the structural applications of innovative concrete, the elastic modulus is a key parameter influencing its serviceability limit state. Prediction models are presented herein for the elastic modulus of concrete prepared with coarse coal

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) are widely used as critical members for various types of structures such as bridges, high-rise buildings etc. However, there is a lack of proper models in standards to calculate the capacity of CFT members especially for high strength steel and concrete. This leads to various experiments and simulations conducted and provided in literature and a data-driven is a potential

Experimental and theoretical programs are designed to investigate the effect of elevated temperature on Normal (NC), high strength (HSC) and self-compacting concrete (SCC) beams. Six steel jacket techniques designed to ass the efficiency of retrofitting after elevated temperature exposure. The more effective jacket was used for different types of concrete beams. Different beams subjected to two levels

Numerous studies conducted on different types of rigid connections such as reduced beam section (RBS) and drilled flange (DF) showed their ductile behavior. This paper evaluates the seismic performance of moment resisting connections with drilled flange (DF) beams as a simple and efficient alternative for RBS connected to concrete-filled steel tube CFT columns. Different patterns are proposed and the

Circular hollow steel (CHS) members have been regarded as structural elements of choice for use in civil infrastructure. Despite the risk of seismic damage of steel structures during an earthquake due to its cyclic characteristics, studies on the cyclic strengthening of CHSs have been minimal. In the present study, a new finite element (FE) modelling approach is developed and applied to study the cyclic

Fatigue damage accumulation model plays a critical role in life prediction and anti-fatigue design of material. It is still a challenging issue to accurately quantify its development process and probabilistic characteristics. In this study, a probabilistic model of fatigue damage accumulation is presented based on Weibull distribution and reliability analysis theory. Firstly, the general rule of fatigue

This study proposes a new dry joint type for moment-resisting frames by using carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) bolts and plates. This is one of very rare studies focusing on the potential of using CFRP bolts to connect the precast beam-column joints. CFRP bolts have been recognized for their good performances, which could effectively resolve a very costly issue of corrosion in the common dry

In the present study, static and free vibration analysis of single walled functionally graded carbon nano-tube (CNTs) reinforced composite plate is carried out in the framework of trigonometric shear deformation theory. Trigonometric shear deformation theory full fills the traction free boundary condition at the top and bottom of the plate due to which it does not require shear correction factor. The

In an effort to enhance the seismic capacity of non-seismically designed reinforced concrete (RC) columns, this study proposes a retrofit method for non-seismically designed RC columns using hybrid FRP (HFRP) sheets consisting of glass and carbon FRPs. HFRP sheets can be installed for retrofitting the RC columns in a structure employing electric equipment such as metro stations or tunnels. With the

This paper presents a combination of the Vibration-based method and Non-destructive Ultrasonic C-scan method to identify, locate, and quantify the damage in impacted carbon composite fiber reinforced structure. The main objective of work consists of developing a new method to assessment of damage in carbon composite by using a different method to be applied to structural health monitoring. Experiments

One of the important forms of smart structure available for various applications in engineering fields is Sandwich beams, for the reason that of variable applications, the capability to withstand at variable loading conditions, significant elastic retaining properties when in comparison to conventional structures. The basic of the present study is to investigate natural frequency ranges for a type

The significance of the occurrence of linearly varying rotational restraint with an increase in temperatures during building fires is outlined. A detailed parametric study conducted on seven hundred and twenty specimens using ABAQUS® investigates the effect of linearly varying rotational restraint on the stability of steel columns under standard fire was presented. Surface plots are drawn to understand

This paper presents a new C1-type beam spectral element method, which aims to ensure the continuity of the deflection and its first derivative at the junction of the adjacent spectral elements. The proposed method is based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The main novelty of the method is that two different sets of interpolation functions are adopted for the axial displacement and deflection in

In the analysis of damage to a structure after the occurrence of a destructive event, it is impossible to estimate the exact amount of damage to any part of the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce failure indicators to assess the amount of damage to structural elements. For this purpose, in this study, the damage caused to the coupled-steel plate shear wall (C-SPSW) system under earthquake

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are an emerging form of composites based on recycled PET fibres and have a large rupture strain. A novel form of hybrid columns with PET FRP tubes, i.e., square PET FRP-confined concrete encased high-strength steel (HSS) hybrid columns (referred to as PET FRP-confined concrete-steel columns or PFCCSCs), was recently proposed

In this paper, a parametric study is carried out on the ductility and displacement demands of structures with embedded foundation considering nonlinear soil–structure interaction (SSI). The soil–embedded foundation interaction is simulated using the beam on Winkler foundation concept. The bilinear behavior is also assumed for the equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure. Effect of key parameters

This study puts forward experimental and numerical investigations to understand the response and failure of hybrid concrete beams reinforced by Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars and exposed to elevated temperature. Seven GFRP reinforced hybrid concrete beam specimens were designed according to ACI440.1R-15 (ACI, 2015) and exposed to temperature values between 300 °C and 700 °C and subjected

Due to the change in the use of function or the addition of new equipment, some problems have occurred in the used portal steel frames, including increased load and unsatisfactory bearing capacity. Therefore, the used portal steel frames need to be reinforced and improved. As a safe, reliable, economical, and convenient strengthening method, the external prestressing strengthening technology is often