This paper develops a novel artificial intelligence (AI)‐based approach, called the metaheuristics‐optimized ensemble system (MOES), to assist civil engineers significantly in achieving accurate estimations of the mechanical strength of reinforced concrete (RC) materials. MOES integrates the advantages of hybrid and ensemble models by combining a metaheuristic optimization algorithm and efficient AI

Damage fracture characteristics of composite slabs with different connection configurations were analyzed using acoustic emission (AE) with cast‐in‐place (CIP) reinforced concrete (RC) slabs as contrast. AE characteristic parameters were obtained during static experiments and compared with each other. The bearing capacity was directly proportional to cumulative AE energy, rise time, and duration time

Reliable estimation of wind‐induced displacement responses of long‐span bridges is critical to evaluating their wind‐resistant performance. In this study, two Bayesian approaches, Bayesian generalized linear model (BGLM) and sparse Bayesian learning (SBL), are proposed for characterizing the wind‐induced lateral displacement responses of long‐span bridges with structural health monitoring (SHM) data

Shield tunneling is an efficient method of the tunnel construction for the system of underground transportation, but it will disturb the surrounding soil and affect the security of nearby structures. The monitoring for deformation of the structures influenced by the tunneling construction is crucial for structural safety evaluation, especially for the ancient structures. The computer vision‐based structural

No abstract is available for this article.

Offshore wind turbines are complex systems operating in harsh environment. The dynamic demands in these systems often differ from values used in design, leading to unexpected mechanical and structural failures. This signifies the importance of remote monitoring technologies for damage diagnosis and prognosis in offshore wind turbines. This study is focused on developing mechanics‐based digital twins

As a vibration control technique, tuned mass damper (TMD) system has been shown to be effective in reducing the human‐induced vibration of a cross‐laminated timber (CLT) floor. However, the lightweight property of such a floor means there could be off‐tuning when its mass varies. This study therefore developed a steel‐based multi‐TMD (MTMD) system and a shape memory alloy (SMA)‐based MTMD system to

Aeronautical structures are increasingly aging, and the occurrence of unexpected loads could reduce their operability. A health and usage monitoring system would enable the continuous monitoring of the state of health of a structure and track its aging by a load monitoring system, which aims at the real‐time reconstruction of the loads acting on a structure. However, sometimes the loads and the induced

Mega‐sub structure system (MSSS) is a newly developed super high‐rise system, which can reveal different control effect by designing the mega frame and the sub structure. This paper studies the seismic control of the MSSS using tuned inerter damper (TID), comparing with existing control strategies. First, a simplified model for the MSSS is used to establish the equation of motion of the TID‐enhanced

Damage detection is one important target in structural health monitoring (SHM). Vibration‐based damage detection has attracted more attention in the past decades by tracking the modal parameter changes of objective structures. This paper presents the work on developing a novel Bayesian fast Fourier transform (FFT) method for damage detection using the Bayes factor based on ambient vibration data. Based

In an electrical substation or converter station, suspension equipment is connected to an adjacent post insulator by a rigid busbar or flexible conductors if the horizontal displacement is significant. In order to investigate the coupling effect between suspension and post equipment connected by a rigid busbar, a scaled‐down model based on a multilayer suspended thyristor valve and an adjacent post

Distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) is increasingly being applied in civil engineering. One recently emerging type of DFOS, Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR), offers improved accuracy and resolution. This paper presents an experimental study that investigates the ability of OFDR, implemented using several types of fiber optic cable, to detect concrete cracking and large strain steel

In this paper, the hybrid control of structures subjected to seismic excitation by means of tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) and base‐isolation subsystems is studied with the aim of improving the dynamic performance of base‐isolated structures by reducing the displacement demand of the isolation subsystem. The seismic performance of TMDI hybrid controlled structures is investigated in a comparative

Though the dynamic performance of high‐rise buildings under wind has been widely investigated, there have been relatively limited studies focusing on the wind effects on 600 m+ super high‐rise buildings based on real measured data during typhoons. This paper presents the field measurement results of structural dynamic characteristics and wind‐induced responses of the Shanghai Tower with a height of

Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems have been widely implemented in long‐span bridges to measure various structural responses. It is difficult to directly perform condition assessment from the variations in structural responses because of initial residual stress and defaults, coupling effects of structure damage and external loads, and others. To fix these problems, this study proposes global

Hydrostatic leveling systems (HLS) are used for long‐term measurements of vertical displacements and inclination of various objects. The temperature gradient caused by inhomogeneous and time‐variable environmental conditions can lead to a significant error. Experimental studies carried out in this paper demonstrated that the accuracy of the system can be improved through forced circulation of the fluid

Durability control through design and health monitoring of a new viaduct (bridge), to achieve an 80‐year service life, is discussed. Manufacture of durable concrete is also discussed and deals mainly with the geometry/shape selection of the structural elements and materials selection (especially the adequate cement type and mineral additions to decrease concrete's porosity). Durability health monitoring

This paper aims to provide a methodology in determining the deterioration conditions of flexible pavements using the Long‐Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database and artificial intelligence (AI)‐based finite element (FE) model updating. A new term quantifying the effects of the aging and load repetitions on the modulus gradient of the asphalt layer was defined. The modulus gradient change was captured

Time‐varying fault impulse amplitude and time‐varying fault impulse interval are the main challenges for rolling bearing fault diagnosis under variable speed conditions. In this paper, a vibration‐based rolling bearing fault characteristic frequency (FCF) estimation and novel diagnosis method under time‐varying rotational speeds are proposed, using the demodulation transform. First, the FCFs with weak

In this paper, a new shape memory alloy (SMA) damping device named confined superelastic dissipator (CSD) was examined. The proposed dissipator consists of a fused superelastic nickel‐titanium (NiTi) SMA bar as the functional kernel component encased in grout‐filled steel tube. The bar carries the axial load and dissipates energy through axial deformation while the steel tube and infill grout restrain

Acoustic emission (AE) is the spontaneous release of energy caused by the growth of damage, the monitoring of which gives an indication of the presence of damage within a structure. The current standard for AE localisation is difficult to apply in a low‐power system as sensors must either be wired together or Node's time synchronised, which is power intensive. This paper proposes the use of a method

This paper presents a novel damage identification technique for bridges based on the dynamic response of a moving vehicle. A quarter car vehicle model instrumented with two accelerometers and an inertial profilometer is used for this purpose. The method involves the coupling of Tikhonov regularization scheme with signal averaging technique to handle the problem of measurement noise and road roughness

We propose an outlier detection‐based statistical approach to identify and locate a defect in composite plates using far fewer number of sensing points compared to conventional imaging techniques. The key steps involved in this computationally inexpensive approach are the random sparse selection of the sensing points through Poisson disk sampling, followed by a two‐step outlier detection process based

System identification (SI) techniques can be used to identify the dynamic parameters of mechanical systems and civil infrastructures. The aim is to rapidly and consistently model the object of interest, in a quantitative and principled manner. This is also useful in establishing the capacity of a structure to serve its purpose, thus as a tool for structural health monitoring (SHM). In this context

The water distribution systems in utility tunnel are considered as the lifeline projects. The leakage monitoring of water supply and drainage pipelines is closely related to the overall operation and safety of the utility tunnel. However, conventional pipeline leakage monitoring methods are difficult to realize the monitoring of ordinary temperature liquid and small leakage. Moreover, they also have

Considering the limitations of the traditional hydraulic‐seasonal‐time (HST) model, this study proposes a hybrid modeling method for the deformation prediction of high concrete dams during the operational period. First, the elastic finite element (FE) method is applied to simulate the interactive effects of structural properties, topography, geology, and high hydrostatic load on the deformation behaviour

This paper investigates the optimal design of the tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD) with linear and nonlinear viscous damping subjected to white‐noise excitation. The TVMD consists of a parallel‐connected inerter and dashpot, and a spring attached to the main structure. To examine the vibration control performance of the TVMD, both theoretical analysis and numerical optimization are conducted to obtain

Strain measurement is an essential part of structural health monitoring (SHM). The objective of the study is to propose a new method to measure strain on the surface of a structure. The speeded‐up robust feature (SURF) method was applied to detect and trace feature points in microimages that were obtained using a smartphone with a compact microscope. Subsequently, the average displacement of feature

This paper presents the development of a fatigue damage detection and growth monitoring technique based on coda wave interferometry (CWI) for composite structures. The time domain distortion (TD) component of coda waves, which is typically ignored as noise in the literature, is used and experimentally validated. First, a widely used signal processing method for CWI called the stretching method is applied

An inverse problem is formulated based on the pole allocation method in control theory, for a building with an interstory seismic isolation system. The structural system is simplified as a three‐degree‐of‐freedom lumped‐mass shear model. The natural frequencies and the corresponding damping ratios in the three vibration modes are set as the initial control target. To achieve this target, the introduced

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Dynamic testing methods have been widely used in engineering practice for investigating dynamic properties of bridges; however, only basic dynamic parameters (i.e., natural frequencies, damping ratios, and unscaled modal shapes) can be identified, which are insufficient for condition assessment and health monitoring. To address this limitation, this article takes a three‐span posttensioned concrete

This paper proposes a monitoring method for defect detection and localization in a structure operating under environmental and operational conditions (EOCs) variation. This method is based on a model obtained using PCA of the healthy state data. To account for variation in EOCs, more particularly temperature change, the model is updated using a moving window over the collected signals. Defect detection

The implementation of a wireless smart sensor network (WSSN) to monitor a structure subjected to sudden events (e.g., earthquakes) poses many challenges. One typical challenge is to synchronize the data from different sensors during event‐triggered sensing, because each wireless sensor has its own independent clock and their triggering time is generally different and unknowable. The challenge becomes

The incorporation of the inerter with tuned mass damper yields the inerter‐based tuned mass damper that has been verified as effective lightweight or performance‐enhanced control devices. This study theoretically proved an intrinsic effect, namely, the input energy reduction, that the inerter reduces the input energy transmitted into the controlled structures from ground motion. A generic tuned mass

Scour monitoring is an important measurement process to determine the soil erosion level at the pillar of bridge. Image‐based approach is attractive because it allows monitoring process to be conducted continuously without halting the flow of the water during experiment. Scour images provide abundance of information from a single source of camera sensor. However, this information may appear in different

The complex geometry of structural components results in uneven stress distribution in structures under loading. The regions with stress concentrations often act as critical locations from where damages can initiate and propagate under different types of loading. Accurate estimation of stress distribution, especially at such critical locations, is vital for a more reliable prediction of possible damage

Constraint minimum variance unbiased estimator is improvised for simultaneous input and parameter estimation of the Bouc–Wen hysteretic system of a full‐scale bridge pier. The essential structural properties in this case (i.e., bounded input and bounded output) are incorporated in the form of constraint conditions along with degradation and pinching effects. To demonstrate the efficiency of this algorithm

In this study, a piezoelectric‐based interface technique for impedance measurement is presented to monitor local strand breakage in multi‐strand anchorage systems. Firstly, a hoop interface‐based impedance measurement model is designed based on stress behaviors of the multi‐strand anchorage. Coupled dynamic behaviors between the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) interface and the target tendon anchorage

Wind speed forecasting can serve a wide spectrum of purposes, including scheduling of a power system and dynamic control of structures. A lot of models are widely used to forecast wind speed, consisting of deterministic models (e.g., physical models, statistical models, and artificial intelligence models) and probabilistic models (e.g., Bayesian model). The wind speed has the characteristics of random

The structural security of civil energy equipment is significant for the steady operation of power supply system, and porcelain bushing type terminal is a typical energy equipment that needs long‐term monitoring. As a nondestructive structural health monitoring method, ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technology is extremely suitable for state detection of energy equipment. However, most current UGW methods

The hybrid simulation method is used to test one or some components of a prototype structure subjected to a plausible loading history, accounting for their interaction with the untested ones, which are simulated numerically. If tested components have similar numerical counterparts, a possible approach to reduce simulation errors is to update the parameters of numerical substructures based on tested

Although manual crack inspection has been widely used for structural health monitoring over the last decades, the development of computer vision methods allows continuous monitoring and compensates the human judgment inaccuracy. In this study, an image‐based method entitled Arc Length method is introduced for extracting crack pattern characteristics, including crack width and crack length. The method

The single‐component adaptive Metropolis (SCAM) algorithm, as one of the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling methods, is very effective at solving high‐dimensional posterior joint probability distributions. However, studies show that the SCAM algorithm is prone to generating duplicate samples, thus lowering the sampling efficiency and causing large calculation errors. To solve this problem, a

An optimization approach for the seismic design of yielding moment‐resisting frames (MRFs) with nonlinear fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) is presented. As the optimal design of new buildings is addressed, no parameters are set a priori, and the properties of both the structural elements and the dampers are simultaneously optimized. The goal of the optimization is to minimize the cost of the system (structure

The precise localization of cable damage is a major issue in bridge engineering. The acoustic emission (AE) method has been applied to detect defects for cable structures in bridges. In this paper, an AE localization method is proposed to localize both lateral and longitudinal positions of defects in a parallel steel wire bundle composed of seven steel wires. The proposed method is verified numerically

The most important issues that researchers are faced with are extensive damages and permanent deformations in the structures after earthquakes. This study proposes new hybrid smart dampers combined with shape memory alloy (SMA) plates, friction devices, and polyurethane springs (e.g., ASFP damper) with an aim to decrease structural damage as well as to mitigate residual deformation in the concentrically

The insertion of steel bracing systems equipped with dissipative devices is a widely used technique for the seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete (r.c.) framed buildings; yet, few attempts have been made so far to construct an external arrangement in the form of a double skin. The dissipative exoskeleton (DEX) appears convenient from energetic and functional points of view. It eliminates the

The aim of this study is to reduce the deformation of large horizontal axis wind turbine blades using shape memory alloy (SMA)‐based centrifugal stiffening. A discrete model considering dominant modes of the tower, drive train and blades is developed in this study to demonstrate the performance of the proposed stiffening strategy. Here, super‐elastic behaviour of SMA is characterized by Graesser‐Cozzarelli

A large number of studies have verified the satisfactory seismic performance of unbonded fiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolators (UFREIs). Typically, the total height of a UFREI will be shorter than its conventional elastomeric isolator counterpart. The shorter height results in a relatively larger isolator initial horizontal stiffness. The relatively large initial stiffness and damping values of UFREIs

This paper presents element level structural damage quantification using an ensemble‐based machine learning technique, namely, random forest technique, with acceleration responses from structures. The ensemble‐based approach provides a better prediction than an individual model. Random forest is a machine learning algorithm which has several decision trees to perform a task. The proposed approach develops

In this paper, an analytical model representing the human–structure interaction (HSI) system of steel–concrete composite floors under human vibrations is described and discussed. In the theoretical analysis, the human and composite floor are idealized as the subsystems represented by a linear oscillator model and the anisotropic rectangular plate, respectively. The analytical formula for the natural

During the structural health monitoring of bridge structures, simultaneous noncontact determination of relative displacements in different points is preferred. The existing measurement displacement methods and systems used for bridge structures deprived of this ability or have the low accuracy and thus automation level that makes their usage for long‐term monitoring of bridge structure elements becomes

Inerter dampers (IDs) and other inerter‐based vibration absorbers have elicited growing interest for vibration mitigation of stay cables. This study systematically investigates the vibration mitigation mechanism of tuned IDs (TIDs) for stay cables based on a continuous cable model. A TID consists of an ID connected with a spring stiffness in series (TID‐S) or parallel (TID‐P). On the basis of systematical

Damage of bridge cables is mainly manifested as the decrease in cable forces. These forces are affected by the boundary conditions, cable length, cable stiffness, and cable appendages, making it hard to identify the cable forces. Based on the substructure isolation method, this study proposes an approach for cable force identification to judge cable damage by adding virtual supports to each cable so

A new methodology for durability health monitoring for a bridge structure during construction was developed by monitoring concrete's saturated electrical resistivity (ρS), rapid chloride permeability (RCP), and the apparent chloride diffusion coefficient (DAP) indices. Results were compared with same durability indices collected previously from in‐service bridges located along the Gulf of Mexico (Florida

The theory of vibration absorbers is well established, but the literature lacks documentation of the actual performance of absorbers installed in tall buildings. This paper presents an experimental assessment of the dynamic characteristics of one of two identical high‐rise towers of the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg, before and after the activation of tuned liquid dampers, tuned to the frequency

Structural health monitoring (SHM) has been increasingly exploited in recent years as a valuable tool for assessing performance throughout the life cycle of structural systems, as well as for supporting decision‐making and maintenance planning. Although a great assortment of SHM methods has been developed, only a limited number of studies exist serving as reference basis for the comparison of different

No abstract is available for this article.