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Preparation of Self-healing Additives for Concrete via Miniemulsion Polymerization: Formulation and Production Challenges Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Shima Taheri, Simon Martin Clark
Concrete structures undergo internal damage; this usually starts at the atomic level with defects that then grow and form cracks, which can propagate through the material. Here, a method of preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocapsules adhesive system via miniemulsion polymerization technique is reported, where MMA + DMA (resin + accelerator) and BPO (hardener) components are separately
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Freeze–Thaw Resistance of Ternary Blended Concrete Using Ferronickel Slag Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Won Jung Cho, Min Jae Kim
The present study investigated the resistance of concrete blended with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and ferronickel slag (FNS) to cycles of freeze and thaw. The replacement ratio of the binders was 0%, 50 wt% of GGBS and 30 wt% of GGBS + 20 wt% of FNS for O100, OG50 and OG30F20, respectively. Specimens consisted of cement paste and concrete kept at 0.45 water/binder ratio. After 28 days
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Toward Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Structures Based on Self-Sensing Concrete Nanocomposites: A Validation in a Reinforced-Concrete Beam Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Diego L. Castañeda-Saldarriaga, Joham Alvarez-Montoya, Vladimir Martínez-Tejada, Julián Sierra-Pérez
Self-sensing concrete materials, also known as smart concretes, are emerging as a promising technological development for the construction industry, where novel materials with the capability of providing information about the structural integrity while operating as a structural material are required. Despite progress in the field, there are issues related to the integration of these composites in full-scale
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An Accurate Numerical Model Simulating Hysteretic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns Irrespective of Types of Loading Protocols Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Chang Seok Lee, Sang Whan Han
In older reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, columns are fragile elements that can induce collapse of entire buildings during earthquakes. An accurate assessment of the seismic vulnerability of RC buildings using nonlinear response history analyses requires an accurate numerical model. The peak-oriented hysteretic rule is often used in existing numerical models to simulate the hysteretic behavior of
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Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviour of Wall–Beam–Strut Joints for Prefabricated Underground Construction Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Tingjin Liu, Jiandong Lu, Di Wang, Hongyuan Liu
Prefabricated construction is becoming increasingly prevalent, however, it is rarely applied in underground constructions, except for tunnel linings, due to the difficulties that arise in jointing various prefabricated components in underground conditions. To solve the vertical location problem of embedded mechanical couplers during the construction of wall–beam–strut joints for a prefabricated metro
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Correction to: Experimental Study and Analytical Modeling on Fatigue Properties of Pervious Concrete Made with Natural and Recycled Aggregates Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Xudong Chen, Dandan Shi, Nan Shen, Shengtao Li, Saisai Liu
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Investigation on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Eco-friendly Mortar Containing WGP at Elevated Temperature Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Arash Sedaghatdoost, Kiachehr Behfarnia, Hamidreza Moosaei, Mohammad Bayati, Mohammad Sadegh Vaezi
The properties of mortars containing waste glass powder (WGP) as a cement substitute for sustainable construction at various high temperatures were investigated. For this purpose, specimens from four mixtures with WGP at various percentage levels of 0, 5, 10 and 15% were prepared and exposed to the specified temperatures. After that, the compressive and flexural strength were determined at high temperatures
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Experimental Study on the Cyclic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Exposed to Fire Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 Eunmi Ryu, Heesun Kim, Yeongsoo Shin
The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal and cyclic behaviors of fire-damaged walls designed with different failure modes, aspect ratios and heated areas. These cyclic behaviors include temperature distribution, maximum lateral load, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipations, etc. Toward this goal, the concrete wall specimens were exposed to heat following an ISO 834 standard time–temperature
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Structural Performance of PC Double Beam–Column Connection Under Gravity and Seismic Loading Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Jang-Woon Baek, Su-Min Kang, Tae-Ho Kim, Jin-Yong Kim
Recently, as a new precast concrete (PC) construction method for increasing economy and constructability, the PC double-beam system has been developed for factories or logistic centers, where construction duration is particularly important. In this study, half-scaled PC double beam–column connection was tested under gravity loading and cyclic lateral loading. The major test parameters included the
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Parametric Study of Different Unbonded Tendon Layouts in Pre-stressed Concrete Flat Plates Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 S. M. Samindi M. K. Samarakoon, Bjarte Hodne
Post-tensioned unbonded tendons are widely used in flat slabs/plates when there is a demand for large span lengths, durable tendons and a reduction in the weight of structure. For post-tensioned flat slab/plates, different tendon layouts have been discussed in the literature. It is vital to compare the structural response (i.e., deflection and stresses) and the clashing of tendons of the proposed tendon
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Mix-design and Properties of Mortars from Alkali-activated Fly Ashes Containing High Amounts of Unburned Carbon Matter Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Stefania Manzi, Andrea Saccani, Luca Baldazzi, Isabella Lancellotti
Alkali-activated materials are a promising type of binder candidate as a substitute to Portland cement. Fly ashes can be used as binder precursors giving higher environmental benefits. In the present research, fly ashes (Type F) containing different amounts of unburned carbonaceous matter have been used to formulate mortars. Serious problems concerning the workability in the fresh state have been found
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Review of Several Experimental Methods for Characterization of Micro- and Nano-Scale Pores in Cement-Based Material Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-11-15 Abudushalamu Aili, Ippei Maruyama
Mechanical properties and durability of cement-based materials are largely affected by pore structures. This paper provides an overview of several experimental techniques to characterize pore size distribution and specific surface area, with focus on pores in calcium silicate hydrates. The reviewed experimental techniques are nitrogen and water vapor sorption isotherm, proton nuclear magnetic resonance
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Risk Assessment of Aged Concrete Gravity Dam Subjected to Material Deterioration Under Seismic Excitation Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Tahmina Tasnim Nahar, Anh-Tuan Cao, Dookie Kim
This paper proposes an approach to assess and predict the seismic risk of existing concrete gravity dams (CGDs) considering the ageing effect. The combination of fragility function and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) depending on two failure states has been used in the analysis. It represents the time-variant degradation of the concrete structure and the conditional change of structural vulnerability
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Use of Higher-Harmonic and Intermodulation Generation of Ultrasonic Waves to Detecting Cracks due to Steel Corrosion in Reinforced Cement Mortar Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Miguel Ángel Climent-Llorca, Marina Miró-Oca, Pedro Poveda-Martínez, Jaime Ramis-Soriano
The aim of this work was to provide further confirmation of the possible use of non-linear ultrasonic techniques for detecting the cracking due to corrosion of steel reinforcements in concrete. To this end accelerated steel corrosion tests have been conducted on model reinforced cement mortar specimens, while monitoring the appearance and width evolution of visible surface cracks, and performing non-linear
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Studies on Hemp and Recycled Aggregate Concrete Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Samer Ghosn, Nour Cherkawi, Bilal Hamad
This paper reports on the first phase of a multi-phase research program conducted at the American University of Beirut (AUB) on “Hemp and Recycled Aggregates Concrete” (HRAC). HRAC is a new sustainable concrete material where hemp fibers are incorporated in the mix, the coarse aggregate content is reduced by 20% of the concrete volume, and 50% of the natural coarse aggregates (NCA) are replaced by
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Finite Element Analysis and Calculation Method of Residual Flexural Capacity of Post-fire RC Beams Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Bin Cai, Bo Li, Feng Fu
Fire tests and subsequent bending tests of four reinforced concrete (RC) beams were performed. Based on these tests, the post-fire performance of RC beams was further studied using finite-element simulation through reasonable selection of suitable thermal and thermodynamic parameters of steel and concrete materials. A thermodynamic model of RC beams with three sides under fire was built using finite-element
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Crack Propagation Analysis of Synthetic vs. Steel vs. Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Digital Image Correlation Technique Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 Aniket B. Bhosale, S. Suriya Prakash
Improvement in fracture behaviour of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) due to the inclusion of various types and combinations of fibres is widely reported. The fracture behaviour of FRC needs to be fully understood for the optimum use of these fibres in structural elements. Fracture behaviours of synthetic fibre-reinforced concrete (SynFRC), hybrid fibre-reinforced concrete (HFRC) and steel fibre-reinforced
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Durability of Structural Lightweight Concrete Containing Expanded Perlite Aggregate Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-21 Mohammed Ibrahim, Aftab Ahmad, Mohammed S. Barry, Luai M. Alhems, A. C. Mohamed Suhoothi
This study focuses on the development of durable structural lightweight concrete (LWC) by incorporating expanded perlite aggregate (EPA) in the range of 0 to 20% by weight. In order to ensure its durability when exposed to chloride environment, concrete was produced with low water-to-cement ratio and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced with 50% and 7% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)
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Stressing State Analysis of Reinforcement Concrete Beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Jie Huang; Jun Shi; Hengheng Xiao; Jiyang Shen; Baisong Yang
This paper investigated the working behavior characteristics of six reinforcement concrete (RC) beams subjected to bending based on the numerical shape function (NSF) method and structural stressing state theory. Firstly, the structural stressing state mode is expressed based on the generalized strain energy density (GSED) derived from the measured strain data. Then, one of the Carbon Fiber Reinforced
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An Anchorage Technique for Shear Strengthening of RC T-Beams Using NSM-BFRP Bars and BFRP Sheet Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Hesham M. Diab; Ahmed M. Sayed
This study presents a detailed experimental program for reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened in shear with near-surface mounted (NSM) basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars. This paper aims to introduce and evaluate a nonmechanical anchorage technique for shear strengthening using NSM-BFRP bars. T-beams were strengthened using manually manufactured closed or U-shaped hybrid BFRP stirrups (BFRP
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Coupled Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Ruiyuan Huang; Shichao Li; Long Meng; Dong Jiang; Ping Li
The dynamic mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) under high temperature and high strain rate were studied using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) of 74 mm in diameter. As it is difficult to achieve constant strain rate loading in SHPB experiments with high temperature and high strain rate, this paper first presents a method for determining the strain rate under non-constant
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Autogenous Shrinkage and Crack Resistance of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Cement-Based Materials Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 Yanming Liu; Tao Shi; Yujing Zhao; Yuan Gu; Zhifang Zhao; Jiabin Chen; Bingmiao Zheng; Shichong Shi
Cracking caused by shrinkage deformation of cement-based materials at early age is a major problem leading to material failure in restrained conditions. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are incorporated into cement-based materials, and the autogenous shrinkage and crack resistance of the new composite materials obtained by linear shrinkage and ring tests are studied to solve the destruction of the materials
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Bond Behavior Between Steel Fiber Reinforced Polymer (SRP) and Concrete Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 Xingxing Zou; Lesley H. Sneed
Steel fiber reinforced polymer (SRP) composite materials, which consist of continuous unidirectional steel wires (cords) embedded in a polymeric matrix, have recently emerged as an effective solution for strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. SRP is bonded to the surface of RC structures by the same matrix to provide external reinforcement. Interfacial debonding between the SRP and concrete
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Effect of Impact Load on Splice Length of Reinforcing Bars Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Hyeon-Jong Hwang; Fan Yang; Li Zang; Jang-Woon Baek; Gao Ma
Impact loading damage of reinforced concrete (RC) members deteriorates bond strength of reinforcing bars. To understand the effect of strain rate on the bond strength of reinforcing bars in RC beams under impact load, drop hammer test was performed on twenty-four simply supported RC beams with lap spliced bars at the mid-span. The test parameters were reinforcing bar diameter, splice length, drop height
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Mechanical Response of Barricade to Coupled THMC Behavior of Cemented Paste Backfill Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 Di Wu; Wentao Hou; Shuai Liu; Huaibin Liu
Cemented paste backfill (CPB), which is prepared by mixing tailings, binder and water, is widely used in underground mines for waste management and ground control. Since the CPB is delivered into mined-out areas in the form of fluid, a barricade needs to be constructed for retaining it during the process of its filling and hardening. Therefore, the barricade should have enough mechanical stability
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Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Mechanical Performance of a Wall-beam-strut Joint with Mechanical Couplers for Prefabricated Underground Construction Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-07 Tingjin Liu; Jiandong Lu; Hongyuan Liu
This paper investigates the nonlinear behavior of wall-beam-strut joints with mechanical couplers, which are proposed for prefabricated underground constructions, under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions using full-scale experimental tests and three-dimensional finite element modelings. The nonlinear behavior of the joint is discussed in terms of the load–displacement curves, concrete cracking
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Correction to: Experimental Investigation on the Force-Crack Quantification Model for HSRC Columns with Flexure–Shear and Shear Failure Modes Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Chien-Kuo Chiu, Alexander Ivan Tandri
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Influence of Initial Damage Degree on the Degradation of Concrete Under Sulfate Attack and Wetting–Drying Cycles Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Yujing Lv; Wenhua Zhang; Fan Wu; Huang Li; Yunsheng Zhang; Guodong Xu
The previous researches on the degradation process of concrete under sulfate attack mainly focus on non-damaged concrete. It may lead to an excessive evaluation of the durability of the structure, which is detrimental to the safety of the structure. In this paper, three different damage degrees of concrete specimens with non-damaged (D0) and initial damage of 10% (D1) and 20% (D2) were prefabricated
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Simplified Constitutive and Damage Plasticity Models for UHPFRC with Different Types of Fiber Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-31 Doaa Talib Hashim; Farzad Hejazi; Voo Yen Lei
In this study, several simplified constitutive models and a damage plasticity model for ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete(UHPFRC)material with micro and hooked ends steel fibers, Bekaert Dramix 5D steel fiber, and Forta-Ferro synthetic fiber had been developed. Later, these constitutive and damage plasticity models were applied as analytical model to numerically simulate the concrete
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Synergistic Effects of Polypropylene and Glass Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 Bin Lei; Wengui Li; Huajian Liu; Zhuo Tang; Vivian W. Y. Tam
To better understand the synergistic effects of combined fibers on mechanical properties and durability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), different types of fibers with various lengths and mass ratios were adopted in this study. Experimental investigations were conducted to study the 28-day compressive strength and strength loss after exposed to salt-solution freeze–thaw cycles and the coupled
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Simplified Effective Compressive Strengths of Columns with Intervening Floor Slabs Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 Seung-Ho Choi; Jin-Ha Hwang; Sun-Jin Han; Hae-Chang Cho; Jae Hyun Kim; Kang Su Kim
The current design codes discuss the effective compressive strengths of columns, which reflect a decrease in load transfer performance that can occur when columns and slabs have different concrete compressive strengths. The effective compressive strength of a column increases as it is confined by the slab, and the design codes mandate three different effective compressive strengths for interior columns
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Development of Finite Element Analysis for Intermediate Length Coupling Beams Considering Bond-Slip Interface Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-21 Abu Bakar Nabilah; Chan Ghee Koh; Abd. Karim Izian; Farah Nora Aznieta Abd. Aziz
Finite element analysis is performed on four reinforced concrete coupling beams of intermediate length using 2-D plane stress elements, under monotonic load up to failure. The model is verified using the results from (Nabilah and Koh in KSCE J Civil Eng 21:2807–2813, 2017). The bond-slip interface for the longitudinal reinforcement is modeled in the finite element, as it is found that it better predicts
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Quantitative Measurement of Water Absorption of Coarse Lightweight Aggregates in Freshly-Mixed Concrete Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 Yong-Hyok Kim; Cho-Bum Park; Byoung Il Choi; Tae Yong Shin; Yubin Jun; Jae Hong Kim
The high water-absorption of lightweight aggregate causes a high slump loss and poor workability of concrete. A prewetting process is usually recommended to compensate for the workability problem, but its application needs more delicate consideration in field. A method is proposed to measure the additional water absorption of lightweight aggregate, and its application in cement paste and concrete mixes
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Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Flexural and Shear Behavior of Precast Prestressed Deep Hollow-Core Slabs Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 E. Michelini; P. Bernardi; R. Cerioni; B. Belletti
The paper presents the results of flexural and shear tests up to failure on full-scale hollow-core slabs (HCS) having a depth of 500 mm. A detailed non-linear 2D finite element model is also developed to predict the stress distribution and crack pattern within the slabs, providing a well match with experimental results. Experimental and numerical results are compared with analytical calculations provided
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The Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag-Silica Fume Cement Pastes by Mixing Method Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 Taewan Kim; Choonghyun Kang
The mixing method is the investigation of the characteristics of alkali-activated cement paste (AACP) with slag and silica fume (SF) of 1: 1. The basic mixing method is ASTM C305, which is defined as 1st-cycle. There are three factors considered in this experiment; (i) the addition of mixing time (2nd-cycle), (ii) the concentration of activator depending on the amount of mixing water, and (iii) the
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A Simplified Method to Predict Damage of Axially-Loaded Circular RC Columns Under Lateral Impact Loading Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Bin Liu; Wei Fan; Xu Huang; Xudong Shao; Lijing Kang
Detailed finite element (FE) models are often employed to predict the impact responses of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. However, they always require substantial investments of time and effort in modeling and analysis so that they are not widely used in practice, particularly in preliminary designs. Moreover, although some simplified models have been established for beams and slabs under impact
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Dynamic Properties of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composite Reinforced with Basalt and Steel Fibers Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 Na Zhang; Jian Zhou; Guo-wei Ma
Strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCCs) reinforced with both basalt and steel fibers are expected to possess the advantages of both fiber materials and exhibit desirable mechanical properties. In this study, we experimentally investigated the dynamic mechanical properties of an SHCC reinforced with inorganic fibers of basalt and steel for different strain rates (101 to 102 s−1) using a 50-mm-diameter
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Experimental Investigation on the Force-Crack Quantification Model for HSRC Columns with Flexure–Shear and Shear Failure Modes Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-18 Cien-Kuo Chiu; Alexander Ivan Tandri
A total of six full-scale high strength reinforced concrete (HSRC) columns were tested under axial and cyclic lateral loading. The specified concrete compressive strength was 70 MPa and the specified yield strength was 685 MPa and 785 MPa for the longitudinal and transverse reinforcements, respectively. The main variables considered in the study are the transverse reinforcements ratio and axial load
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Influence of Pore Structure Characteristics on the Mechanical and Durability Behavior of Pervious Concrete Material Based on Image Analysis Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 Ruyan Liu; Yin Chi; Shengyun Chen; Qinghui Jiang; Xiaoyu Meng; Kun Wu; Shengjia Li
Pervious concrete has been widely used in parking lots and other lightweight streets. Performances of pervious concrete are strongly dependent on its pore structure characteristics. This paper investigates the relationship among porosity, permeability, compressive strength, durability and the pore structure characteristics of pervious concrete. The influences of basalt fiber and fine aggregate on the
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Analysis of Interface Properties Between TRC and Concrete Under Chloride Attack Based on Fracture Energy Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-06-04 Shichang Li; Shiping Yin; Yu Gao
As a type of cement-based composite reinforcement material, textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high bearing capacity and good crack limit performance. Its bonding performance with the existing concrete interface is the key factor affecting the reinforcement effect. To study the interfacial adhesion between TRC and existing concrete, the sodium chloride concentration
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Mechanical Performances of Concrete Produced with Desert Sand After Elevated Temperature Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-05-21 Haifeng Liu; Xiaolong Chen; Jialing Che; Ning Liu; Minghu Zhang
Currently, fire in building is one of the most serious disasters. With the increase of basic construction items in western China, ordinary medium sand resource no longer met with the need of engineering. Compressive strength experiments of concrete produced with desert sand after elevated temperature were carried out in this paper. The effects of desert sand replacement rate (DSRR), temperature and
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Microstructure Change of Nanosilica–Cement Composites Partially Exposed to Sulfate Attack Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 Qian Huang; Liang Zhao; Chenggong Zhao; Dongsheng Liu; Chaoqiang Wang
The deterioration of cement composites containing nanosilica partially exposed to sulfate attack was studied, and the microstructure change of the composites was analysed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that nanosilica–cement composites had better sulfate resistance compared to plain cement composite under
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Experimental Study on Crack Propagation of Concrete Under Various Loading Rates with Digital Image Correlation Method Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 Jingwu Bu; Xudong Chen; Liangpeng Hu; Hanqing Yang; Saisai Liu
The quantificational exploration of the propagation law of fracture process zone (FPZ) is of great importance to the research on concrete fracture. This paper performed fracture experiments on pre-cracked concrete beams under various loading rates. Digital image correlation (DIC) method was applied to obtain the whole field displacement of concrete in the fracture test. The crack opening displacement
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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Interlocking Bricks Utilizing Wasted Polyethylene Terephthalate Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-05-02 Wesam Salah Alaloul; Vivekka Olivia John; Muhammad Ali Musarat
Plastic bottles are non-biodegradable material made up of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and takes around 450 years to get decomposed. In Malaysia, near 13.2% of plastics contribute to municipal solid waste, where 2.5% is PET. To reduce the waste, interlocking bricks manufacture by waste plastic bottles are used to replace the conventional bricks that use cement and clay. The purpose of this research
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Correction to: Investigation of Thermal Behaviour of a Hybrid Precasted Concrete Floor using Embedded Sensors Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-29 Shane Newell, Jamie Goggins
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Numerical Simulation of Consolidation Behavior of Large Hydrating Fill Mass Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-27 Liang Cui; Mamadou Fall
Underground mined-out voids need to be backfilled for the stability of the surrounding rock and also to increase ore extraction from adjacent pillars. One of the relatively newer means is cemented paste backfilling, which has been extensively adopted in underground mining operations around the world. During and after the placement of cemented paste backfill (CPB) into stopes, complex multiphysics (thermal
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Shear Capacity Contribution of Steel Fiber Reinforced High-Strength Concrete Compared with and without Stirrup Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 Tian-Feng Yuan; Doo-Yeol Yoo; Jun-Mo Yang; Young-Soo Yoon
This study presents the shear capacity of eco-friendly high-strength concrete (HSC) beams reinforced by 0.75% (by volume) of hooked steel fibers or shear stirrups with various spacings. Five large-scale HSC beams with steel fibers or stirrups were tested and investigated with respect to shear capacity, failure mode, and crack patterns. The test results indicate that all five tested beams finally failed
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Lateral Load Distribution for Hollow Slab Bridge: Field Test Investigation Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 Yu Zhao; Xiaozhe Cao; Yongjun Zhou; Gangqiang Wang; Ruixin Tian
Distribution factors (DFs) for one typical cross-section as specified in the AASHTO LRFD specification can be varied when the bridge parameters such as span length, loading lanes and skew are changed. The diversity between design and actual DFs may be varied as the bridge parameters changed. To study this diversity, this paper presents an evaluation of lateral load DFs for prefabricated hollow slab
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The Effect of Fly Ash and Recycled Aggregate on the Strength and Carbon Emission Impact of FRCCs Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 Jong-Won Lee; Young-Il Jang; Wan-Shin Park; Hyun-Do Yun; Sun-Woo Kim
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world. In particular, cementitious composites that contain reinforced fibers have a relatively large amount of cement. Therefore, in this study, the target is to maintain at least 90% of the performance along with a reduction of CO2 emissions from the material stage during fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCCs) production by applying
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Effect of Lamellar Inorganic Fillers on the Properties of Epoxy Emulsion Cement Mortar Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 Huabing Li; Jiandong Zuo; Biqin Dong; Feng Xing
Lamellar inorganic fillers have been used to improve the performance of polymer composites. In this paper, five kinds of lamellar inorganic fillers, including montmorillonite (MMT), mica, talc, glass flake (GF) and lamellar double hydroxide (LDH), were selected to modify epoxy emulsion cement mortar (EECM). The research evaluated the effects of the structure characteristics of lamellar fillers on the
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Bond Behavior of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars Embedded in Concrete Under Mono-tensile and Cyclic Loads Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Xia Liu; Xin Wang; Kangyu Xie; Zhishen Wu; Feng Li
This study evaluates the static and fatigue bond behavior in basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars embedded in concrete. For bond behavior under a mono-tensile load, BFRP bars with four types of surface patterns (round, rectangular, cross-winding, and spiral-winding) were adopted, and 20 groups of rib parameters were introduced for round-type BFRP bars. The bond–slip relationships and the influences
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Experimental Study on Damage Evaluation, Pore Structure and Impact Tensile Behavior of 10-Year-Old Concrete Cores After Exposure to High Temperatures Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-27 Xudong Chen; Dandan Shi; Shengshan Guo
High temperatures impose a negative effect on the mechanical properties of concrete. An experimental setup designed by the theory of nonlinear resonance vibration, the method of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) were used to test damage, porosity and mechanical properties of the pre-heated Brazilian discs of 10-year-old concrete respectively. According to the
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Automated Detection of Surface Cracks and Numerical Correlation with Thermal-Structural Behaviors of Fire Damaged Concrete Beams Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 Eunmi Ryu; Jewon Kang; Jieun Lee; Yeongsoo Shin; Heesun Kim
There are two specific aims in this study; first is to develop and validate an automated crack detection technique for the fire damaged beam. Second is to investigate whether the detected crack information and thermal-structural behaviors can be numerically related. To fulfill the aims, fire tests and residual strength tests are conducted on RC beams having different fire exposure time periods and
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Constitutive Model for Aggregate Interlock in FEM Analyses of Concrete Interfaces with Embedded Steel Bars Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 Diogo Figueira; Carlos Sousa; Afonso Serra Neves
A nonlinear finite element model (FEM) is developed to assess the behaviour of a cracked concrete interface, reinforced with embedded steel bars and subjected to monotonic loading. A dowel action finite element modelling approach is conceived for that purpose. The bond between the steel bars and the surrounding concrete is also considered in the model and an interface finite element is included to
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Flexural Capacity and Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete Beams Reinforced with Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Bars Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 Hemn Qader Ahmed; Dilshad Kakasor Jaf; Sinan Abdulkhaleq Yaseen
Geopolymer concrete (GPC) with Glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars can provide a better construction system with high sustainability, high durability, and adequate strength. Few studies deal with the combination of these materials. The present investigation obtains the flexural capacity and behaviour of GPC and ordinary Portland concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars (GFRP-RGPC and GFRP-ROPC
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Development of a 3D Printer for Concrete Structures: Laboratory Testing of Cementitious Materials Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 Jun Ho Jo; Byung Wan Jo; Woohyun Cho; Jung-Hoon Kim
This study deals with (a) the development of a prototype 3D printer for concrete structures having a bed size of 1 × 1 × 1 m for a laboratory testing and (b) laboratory testing of cementitious materials with different design mixes to find their suitability and efficacy for the developed 3D printer. In this printer, a program with the concept of computer numerical controlled milling was adopted to control
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Resistance Properties to Chloride Ingress of Standard-Cured Concrete Made with an Admixture Incorporating Rich SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-02-24 Koichiro Yamato; Akira Sasaki; Takayasu Ito; Isamu Yoshitake
In regions where the concrete structures are exposed to a salty environment, the concrete requires high resistance to chloride-ion penetration. To achieve higher resistance against chloride ingress, a pozzolanic admixture incorporating a high volume of SiO2 and Al2O3 has been developed. The admixture is a fine mineral powder with a specific surface area of 13,000 m2/kg or higher. It is typically mixed
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Torsional Strengthening of RC Beams with Continuous Spiral Near-Surface Mounted Steel Wire Rope Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-02-21 Nasih Habeeb Askandar; Abdulkareem Darweesh Mahmood
The strength of reinforced concrete members can be enhanced using externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) and near surface mounted (NSM) methods. However, small number of studies has adopted the NSM method for torsional strengthening. To date, no study has examined the use of spiral NSM steel wire rope and epoxy adhesives for torsional strengthening. Therefore, this study examines the behaviour of RC
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Flexural Performance of Steel Reinforced ECC-Concrete Composite Beams Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Cycles Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-02-17 Wenjie Ge; Ashraf F. Ashour; Weigang Lu; Dafu Cao
Experimental and theoretical investigations on the flexural performance of steel reinforced ECC-concrete composite beams subjected to freeze–thaw cycles are presented in this paper. Four groups of reinforced composite beams with different ECC height replacement ratios subject to 0, 50, 100 and 150 cycles of freeze–thaw were physically tested to failure. Experimental results show that the bending capacity
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Behavior of Small-Scale Concrete Cylinders in Compression Laterally Confined by Basalt Fiber and PEN Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. (IF 1.82) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 Batzaya Baasankhuu; Donguk Choi; Sangsu Ha
Axial compression test was conducted to investigate the effect of confinement on plain concrete cylinders by wrapping polyethylene naphthalate fiber reinforced polymer (PEN FRP) with large rupture strain (LRS) capacity. To draw comparison on the confinement effect by PEN FRP wrapping, the confining effect by basalt FRP (BFRP) wrapping was also investigated. A total of 25 tests was completed. Test variables