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Assessing polycentric urban development in Shanghai, China, with detailed passive mobile phone data Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Yang Xiao; Yao Wang; Siyu Miao; Xinyi Niu
Despite growing studies on the distinction between morphological and functional polycentricity, the present methods for identifying polycentricity often focus on the morphological dimension due to a lack of information about intra-urban functional flows, and are limited by the multifarious nature of people’s spatiotemporal interactions. This study proposes a new approach, examining the degree of polycentricity
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Estimating public space metrics from nineteenth-century urban cartography: Barcelona’s Cerdà Plan of urban expansion Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Albert Santasusagna Riu; Joan Tort Donada; Maria Teresa Vadrí Fortuny; Valerià Paül Carril
Urban cartography enables us to trace the historical and spatial evolution of human settlements, but it also furnishes us with the opportunity to obtain and analyse urban data from the perspective of the present day. Urban plans drafted for the reform and expansion of a city can provide us with valuable urban information about the planned use of new public space. In Western Europe, the historical cartography
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Spatial sensitivity analysis for urban hotspots using cell phone traces Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jiahui Wu; Enrique Frias-Martinez; Vanessa Frias-Martinez
Urban hotspots can be used to model the structure of urban environments and to study or predict various aspects of urban life. An increasing interest in the analysis of urban hotspots has been triggered by the emergence of pervasive technologies that produce massive amounts of spatio-temporal data including cell phone traces (or Call Detail Records). Although hotspot analyses using cell phone traces
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A machine learning approach to modelling the spatial variations in the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) of Shanghai, China Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Xin-Yi Song; Ya Gao; Yubo Peng; Sen Huang; Chao Liu; Zhong-Ren Peng
It is challenging to forecast high-resolution spatial-temporal patterns of intra-urban air pollution and identify impacting factors at the regional scale. Studies have attempted to capture features of air pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using land use regression models, but this method overlooks the multi-collinearity of factors, non-linear correlations
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Locating creativity in the city using Twitter data Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Darja Reuschke; Jed Long; Nick Bennett
This study applies a new methodology using the location of tweets from creatives to study where economic creativity takes place in a city. Based on a Twitter network in Brighton and Hove (United Kingdom), a creative hub, we identify freelancers and entrepreneurs in the creative industries that form the ‘core’ of the ‘creative class’ but have rarely been captured in existing spatial research. We use
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Trend shifts in road traffic collisions: An application of Hidden Markov Models and Generalised Additive Models to assess the impact of the 20 mph speed limit policy in Edinburgh Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Valentin Popov; Glenna Nightingale; Andrew James Williams; Paul Kelly; Ruth Jepson; Karen Milton; Michael Kelly
Empirical study of road traffic collision (RTCs) rates is challenging at small geographies due to the relative rarity of collisions and the need to account for secular and seasonal trends. In this paper, we demonstrate the successful application of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) to describe RTCs time series using monthly data from the city of Edinburgh (STATS19)
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Travel mode recognition of urban residents using mobile phone data and MapAPI Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Zhenghong Peng; Guikai Bai; Hao Wu; Lingbo Liu; Yang Yu
Obtaining the time and space features of the travel of urban residents can facilitate urban traffic optimization and urban planning. As traditional methods often have limited sample coverage and lack timeliness, the application of big data such as mobile phone data in urban studies makes it possible to rapidly acquire the features of residents’ travel. However, few studies have attempted to use them
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Analyzing the topology characteristic and effectiveness of the China city network Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Liang Wang; Xiaolong Xue; Xun Zhou; Zeyu Wang; Rui Liu
The topology characteristic and effectiveness of city network play critical roles in guiding transportation infrastructure planning and construction. From empirical evidence of three types of transportation infrastructure in China’s urbanization process—railway, civil aviation, and highway—we propose a new city network construction method based on the transportation infrastructure links between cities
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Exploring the potential of urban (re)form: Modifying gated communities to shorten school travel distance in Nanjing, China Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 Lingyun Han; Zhen Xu; Clive Sabel
The distance between home and school considerably influences the probability of children’s walking or biking to school (termed Active School Travel) which is a significant opportunity to promote their daily physical activity. This study investigated the shortest routes from home to school of primary school students and how the route distance can be shortened at the household level in Nanjing, China
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A two-dimensional propensity score matching method for longitudinal quasi-experimental studies: A focus on travel behavior and the built environment Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 Haotian Zhong; Wei Li; Marlon G Boarnet
The lack of longitudinal studies of the relationship between the built environment and travel behavior has been widely discussed in the literature. This paper discusses how standard propensity score matching estimators can be extended to enable such studies by pairing observations across two dimensions: longitudinal and cross-sectional. Researchers mimic randomized controlled trials and match observations
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CityThings: An integration of the dynamic sensor data to the 3D city model Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Thunyathep Santhanavanich; Volker Coors
Devices from the Internet of Things are being increasingly used in everyday life, and they provide a massive amount of data in various formats. While implementing the Smart Cities initiative, these data are integrated and utilized together with the 3D city model for further applications. Based on Open Geospatial Consortium standards, heterogeneous sensor data can be integrated with the Open Geospatial
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Regional differences in resilience of social and physical systems: Case study of Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Takahiro Yabe; P Suresh C Rao; Satish V Ukkusuri
Physical infrastructure networks in diverse urban settlements are designed to be robust and reliable, while the socio-economic systems offer the necessary adaptive capacity at household, city, and regional scales to recover from major service disruptions resulting from disasters. Here, our urban resilience analyses are based on exploring explicit links between the physical infrastructure/assets and
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The spatial dimension of the French private rental markets: Evidence from microgeographic data in 2015 Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Kassoum Ayouba; Marie-Laure Breuillé; Camille Grivault; Julie Le Gallo
This article draws on data collected by local rental observatories in 12 French urban units in 2015 to analyze the spatial dimension of hedonic rental prices in the private rental market through (i) the spatial heterogeneity between urban units and (ii) the wide variety of contextual and locational characteristics (socio-economic, environmental (dis)amenity, and accessibility) and flexible specifications
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Experimental analysis of walkability evaluation using virtual reality application Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 Kazuki Nakamura
Excessive motorisation, resulting from the vicious cycle of car-oriented road development and car-reliant land development, significantly deteriorates walking environments, causing traffic safety problems, damaging city-centre vitality, and hindering sustainable mobility. Many Asian cities face these issues, and as a result, it is often difficult for their street users to experience higher level walking
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Building height distribution under zoning regulations: Theoretical derivation based on allometric scaling analysis and application to harmonise building heights Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 Hiroyuki Usui
Building height is one of the most important determinants of streetscapes. According to zoning regulations in countries such as Japan, building heights are indirectly controlled by the floor area ratio (FAR). The maximum FAR and the building coverage ratio (BCR) represent the main tools of zoning regulations, which legally regulate building shapes and volumes based on plot sizes at the district scale
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Evaluating the impact mechanism of citizen participation on citizen satisfaction in a smart city Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 Hualin Xu; Wenlong Zhu
Citizen satisfaction is an important issue for global city managers in the construction of a smart city. To date, little research has been done on the effect of citizen participation on citizen satisfaction in a smart city. From the perspective of citizen involvement and based on the theory of involvement and American Customer Satisfaction Index model, this study explores the impact mechanism of citizen
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Understanding Chinese tourist mobility and consumption-related behaviours in London using Sina Weibo check-ins Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Zi Ye; Andy Newing; Graham Clarke
In this paper, we detail an individual-level analysis of under-exploited location-based social network (LBSN) data extracted from Sina Weibo, a comprehensive source for data-driven research focused on Chinese populations. The richness of the Sina Weibo data, coupled with high-quality venue and attraction information from Foursquare, enables us to track Chinese tourists visiting London and understand
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Does metropolitan form affect transportation sustainability? Evidence from US metropolitan areas Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Andres Sevtuk; Reza Amindarbari
In this paper, we examine transportation sustainability in American metropolitan areas using transportation-related CO2 emissions, public transit accessibility, and commuting times as indicators. Though variations in these indicators may stem from historic contexts, policies, institutional arrangements, social and cultural origins, the spatial structure of metropolitan areas—in particular their formal
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Predicting vibrancy of metro station areas considering spatial relationships through graph convolutional neural networks: The case of Shenzhen, China Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Longzhu Xiao; Siuming Lo; Jiangping Zhou; Jixiang Liu; Linchuan Yang
Vibrancy is one of the most desirable outcomes of transit-oriented development (TOD). The vibrancy of a metro station area (MSA) depends partially on the MSA’s built-environment features. Predicting an MSA’s vibrancy with its built-environment features is of great interest to decision makers as these features are often modifiable by public interventions. However, little has been done on MSAs’ vibrancy
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Sustainable and inclusive – Evaluating urban sustainability indicators’ suitability for measuring progress towards SDG-11 Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Ryan Thomas; Angel Hsu; Amy Weinfurter
The adoption of the sustainable development goals marks a transition in the global sustainability discourse to a growing focus on equity, with urban areas’ role in achieving sustainable and inclusive growth more explicit in sustainable development goal-11. Within this discourse, urban sustainability indicators could be used to monitor environmental quality and equity within individual cities, while
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Impact assessment and a fiscal recovery policy for tsunami risk: GIS and the general equilibrium approach in Hakodate city, Japan Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Hajime Tanaka; Michael C Huang
Given Japan’s substantial exposure to many kinds of natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons, it has been a priority to invest in resilience, guided by evidence-based modeling. In 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami became the costliest natural disaster ever recorded. This study applied a geographic information system using assumed tsunami-affected data calibrated
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Walkability scoring: Why and how does a 3-dimensional pedestrian network matter? Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Jianting Zhao; Guibo Sun; Chris Webster
Previous walkability scoring systems are all based on road networks, even though roads are not designed for pedestrians. To calculate an accurate walking score, we need pedestrian network data. This is especially the case in cities such as Hong Kong, where pedestrians are separated from vehicles by footbridges, underpasses or surface sidewalks. In this paper, we investigate why and how a three-dimensional
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A cost–benefit analysis of implementing urban heat island adaptation measures in small- and medium-sized cities in Austria Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Daniel Johnson; Linda See; Sandro M Oswald; Gundula Prokop; Tamás Krisztin
Urban heat islands are an increasing concern even in small- to medium-sized cities, although these areas are still understudied especially in terms of the economic feasibility of adaptation options. This paper uses adaptation scenarios produced by an urban climate model as inputs to a social cost–benefit analysis in three small- to medium-sized cities in Austria: Mödling, Klagenfurt, and Salzburg.
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Embodied 3D isovists: A method to model the visual perception of space Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Jakub Krukar; Charu Manivannan; Mehul Bhatt; Carl Schultz
Isovist analysis has been typically applied for the study of human perception in indoor built-up spaces. Albeit predominantly in 2D, recent works have explored isovist techniques in 3D. However, 3D applications of isovist analysis simply extrapolate the assumptions of its 2D counterpart, without questioning whether these assumptions remain valid in 3D. They do not: because human perception is embodied
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Using data mining to explore the spatial and temporal dynamics of perceptions of metro services in China: The case of Shenzhen Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Shuli Luo; Sylvia Y He
Improving perceptions of service quality is a promising planning strategy for increasing the attractiveness and retaining the ridership of public transport systems. The widespread use of social media presents an opportunity to investigate the performance of transport services from the customer’s perspective. This study proposes a framework for integrating quantitative and qualitative analyses to investigate
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Classification of residential buildings into spatial patterns of urban growth: A morpho-structural approach Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-27 Joan Perez; Alexandre Ornon; Hiroyuki Usui
This paper presents a methodological protocol that combines a structural and a morphological approach to classify residential buildings into spatial patterns of urban growth. Variography analysis is employed to endogenously detect thresholds of building agglomerations, subsequently used as distance parameters for series of morphological closings over the distribution of the building centroids. The
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Modeling the impacts of park access on health outcomes: A utility-based accessibility approach Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Gregory S Macfarlane; Nico Boyd; John E Taylor; Kari Watkins
Recent research has underscored the potential for public green spaces to influence individual and societal health outcomes, but empirical measurements of such influences have yielded mixed results to date, with particular disagreement surrounding how access to parks ought to be defined while controlling for alternate explanations. In this paper, we apply a comprehensive measure of park accessibility
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A data-driven mobility–energy typology framework for New York State Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Clement Rames; Alāna M Wilson; Daniel Zimny-Schmitt; Carolina Neri; Joshua Sperling; Patricia Romero-Lankao
Exploring multidimensional aspects of differences in technology adoption, travel, and vehicle ownership across settlement types can help inform energy-efficient and affordable mobility system goals. At the same time, mapping key enablers, barriers, and risks for successfully meeting ambitious goals and targets (e.g. by geography, age, income, education, population density) offer important explanatory
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Measuring polycentric structures of megaregions in China: Linking morphological and functional dimensions Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Wei Chen; Oleg Golubchikov; Zhigao Liu
The idea of megaregions, which focuses on polycentricity, competitiveness, and integration attracts much attention in research and policy. China has used megaregions as a normative governance framework that leverages polycentric regional development for balancing economic competitiveness and spatial development. This paper explores to what extent these megaregions actually reveal polycentric versus
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Understanding the compactness of employment activities in high-density cities through cellphone location data Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Xingang Zhou; Wei Lang; Anthony GO Yeh; Xinyi Niu
Urban development in many cities worldwide presents a dispersed development with urban sprawl and excessive land use. Compact city development facilitates an efficient use of land that aims to reduce excessive land consumption and commuting. However, the ignorance of the relationships between land use and the compactness of employment activities has resulted in excessive commuting. The separation of
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A city-scale assessment of emergency response accessibility to vulnerable populations and facilities under normal and pluvial flood conditions for Shanghai, China Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Banggu Liao
This paper describes the development of a scenario-based approach that couples 2D hydrodynamic modeling with Geographic Information System (GIS) network analysis to assess the vulnerability of emergency services to surface water flooding at a large city scale. The method is demonstrated for Emergency Medical Service and Fire & Rescue Service in the city of Shanghai, China. Considering four representative
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Social distancing at scale Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Michael Batty
In the study of infectious diseases, social distancing is defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) as a set of “methods for reducing frequency and closeness of contact between people in order to decrease the risk of transmission of disease”. It is the dominant way in which we use our intuition to reduce the risk of contact by keeping ourselves apart from one another, and it
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Corrigendum to Stan Geertman and John Stillwell (eds), Handbook of Planning Support Science Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-17
Klosterman RE. Stan Geertman and John Stillwell (eds), Handbook of Planning Support Science. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. 2020; 47(8): 1527–1529. DOI: 10.1177/2399808320965091
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Using betweenness metrics to investigate the geographical distribution of retailers Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Luigi Buzzacchi; Philippe Leveque; Roberta Taramino; Giulio Zotteri
In retailing, a location’s accessibility and attractiveness depends on the spatial distribution of other stores and consumers. In particular, the literature shows that a place is more attractive for retailers if the generic routes taken by consumers often cross it. However, previous studies failed to consider that there are at least two possible consumer routes: job commutes from residential to workplaces
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Minimizing aggregation errors when measuring potential access to services for social groups at the city scale Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Chengcheng Wu; Neil A Powe; Alison Copeland
This research explores how to minimize aggregation errors when measuring potential access to services for social groups at the city scale. It develops a cadastral and address-based population weighting technique, the Household Space Weighting, to reduce aggregation errors caused by using population weighted centroids when applying the Have Their Centre In criterion (the Population Weighted Centroid
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The environmental product variety and retail rents on central urban shopping areas: A multi-stage spatial data mining method Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Tony Shun-Te Yuo; Tzuhui Angie Tseng
This study examines the relationship between various measures of environmental product variety and retail rents in central urban shopping areas. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based detailed survey database, this research identified 34 layers of environmental product variety in the most representative single-centred shopping areas of the six largest cities in Taiwan. This research extracted
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An open-source tool to extract natural continuity and hierarchy of urban street networks Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Pratyush Tripathy; Pooja Rao; Krishnachandran Balakrishnan; Teja Malladi
Urban streets exhibit a hierarchical structure. From a network analysis perspective, continuity of streets based on the interior angle between street segments can be used to define ‘natural streets’ or ‘strokes’. The length of these ‘strokes’ can then be used to generate a hierarchy of street network. While researchers have described methods for defining such strokes and released tools that enable
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Identifying spatio-temporal hotspots of human activity that are popular non-work destinations Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-30 Roberto Ponce Lopez; Joseph Ferreira
The improved temporal and spatial granularity of data now available from current information technologies offers an opportunity to study previously unexplored dimensions of the relationship between built environment and social outcomes. Within the field of urban studies, an old question worth revisiting with these new technologies is how to best trace the spatial boundaries that circumscribe a place
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Spatiotemporal patterns of alcohol outlets and violence: A spatially heterogeneous Markov chain analysis Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Ran Wei; Tony H Grubesic; Wei Kang
Alcohol-related violence remains a serious social and public health problem in the United States. A large corpus of work suggests a positive statistical relationship between alcohol outlet density and violence. However, questions remain as to how neighborhood violence evolves in response to varying access to alcohol outlets. This paper introduces an approach for analyzing the spatial and temporal dynamics
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The impact of bike network indicators on bike kilometers traveled and bike safety: A network theory approach Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Mohamed Bayoumi Kamel; Tarek Sayed
There has been recent interest in the use of network analysis to quantify bike network features and their impact on biking levels and safety. However, limited bike network indicators have been evaluated. This study introduces a list of network indicators to quantify the bike network and study its effect on bike kilometers traveled and bike–vehicle crashes. Data from the city of Vancouver, Canada, are
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The effects of activity-related contexts on individual sound exposures: A time–geographic approach to soundscape studies Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Lirong Kou; Mei-Po Kwan; Yanwei Chai
Noise is an ever-growing problem in cities. Conventional noise mitigation approaches may not necessarily control noise pollution, since whether a sound is perceived as noise is largely influenced by its specific contexts. Based on an activity-centric framework, this study examines the effects of activity-related contexts and measured sound levels based on individuals’ sound evaluations as they undertake
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What does urban informatics add to planning support technology? Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Haozhi Pan; Stan Geertman; Brian Deal
In the Urban Informatics session of the Computational Urban Planning and Urban Management (CUPUM 2019) conference (where we started the idea of this special issue), there were heated discussions on the fundamental meaning of the term “urban informatics”. Questions revolved around its definition, its role in urban planning, and more specifically, its role in planning support technology. Some consider
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Are patterns of vacant lots random? Evidence from empirical spatiotemporal analysis in Chiba prefecture, east of Tokyo Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Hiroyuki Usui; Joan Perez
According to the Japanese government, vacant lots are randomly generated and accumulated (without being rebuilt after demolition) in the process of increasing vacant lots, a phenomenon called urban perforation. Urban perforation in urban areas may trigger a high degree of inefficiency in public infrastructure management. However, this observation lacks theoretical and empirical foundations, a lacuna
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Examining the spatial distribution and temporal change of the green view index in New York City using Google Street View images and deep learning Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Xiaojiang Li
As an important part of the urban ecosystem, urban trees provide various benefits to urban residents. It is therefore important to examine the spatial distribution and the temporal change in urban tree canopies. Different from traditional overhead view remote sensing-based methods, street-level images, which present the most common view that people have of greenery, provide a more human-centric way
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Using deep learning to examine the correlation between transportation planning and perceived safety of the built environment Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 Justin B Hollander; Giorgi Nikolaishvili; Alphonsus A Adu-Bredu; Minyu Situ; Shabnam Bista
In this study, we attempt to estimate the effects of various transportation policies on the perceived safety of the built environment. We train a convolutional neural network on a dataset of safety perception scores for Google Street View images taken in Boston, MA . We then apply the trained neural network to a large set of Google Street View images of coordinates in Montreal and Toronto to generate
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Cumulative (and self-reinforcing) spatial inequalities: Interactions between accessibility and segregation in four Brazilian metropolises Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Tainá A Bittencourt; Mariana Giannotti; Eduardo Marques
The inequalities that mark global society have been deepening worldwide. They materialize in cities, putting pressure on public transport systems for spatial and temporal supply, at the same time as mobility itself generates multifaceted inequalities. From empirical evidence of four socially and spatially distinct Brazilian cities — São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba, and Fortaleza — we explore how
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A Spatial Livability Index for dense urban centers Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Francisco Benita; Vyacheslav Kalashnikov; Bige Tunçer
This article introduces a Spatial Livability Index based on geographically weighted principal component analysis. We study the case of 203 subzones in Singapore which are dense geographic boundaries in terms of population and built-up area. These regions share spatial correlations of objective measures of livability such as open spaces or community facilities. The proposed objective indicator captures
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Introduction to the new editors Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-23
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Hierarchical siting of macro fire station and micro fire station Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Wenhao Yu; Yujie Chen; Menglin Guan
With the rapid increase of city building density, public emergency service system for providing fire services faces increasing challenge in reducing the loss of lives and property, especially for the reduction of massive casualties in fire accidents. For obtaining a higher benefit from public service facilities, GIS-based techniques such as location optimization are commonly used. However, as a special
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Co-presence patterns in dispersed residential neighbourhoods of Brazilian medium-sized cities Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-15 Filipe BM Maciel; Fábio LL Zampieri
This research aimed to explain the co-presence patterns in public spaces, i.e. pedestrian movement rates, based on the analysis of spatial patterns established in street segments. Two dispersed residential neighbourhoods with different spatial characteristics – morphological configuration, land use and physical/visual permeability – were analysed in Santa Maria city. Generalized linear regression models
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Polycentric urban development and urban amenities: Evidence from Chinese cities Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 Mingshu Wang
The recent literature on the “consumer city” and the “love of variety” argues that the provision of urban amenities makes a city more attractive. Meanwhile, polycentric urban development has been highlighted by academics and policymakers as a sustainable urban development regime, although its purported benefits need to be further investigated. Against this background, this paper empirically examines
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Revealing the impact of storm surge on taxi operations: Evidence from taxi and typhoon trajectory data Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 Zhixiang Fang; Yichen Wu; Haoyu Zhong; Jianfeng Liang; Xiao Song
Storm surges are one of the most destructive natural ocean disasters in the world, which pose a great threat to economic development, public safety, and transport in coastal cities. Investigating the response of urban traffic conditions during storm surges and discovering sensitive urban areas are crucial to urban planning, disaster prevention, and emergency rescue. Therefore, this study investigates
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Spatial clustering: Influence of urban street networks on retail sales volumes Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 Yuji Yoshimura; Paolo Santi; Juan Murillo Arias; Siqi Zheng; Carlo Ratti
As is often believed that the more centrally located a shop, the higher its sales volume, this paper analyzed relationships between the spatial clustering of retail stores, their respective transaction volumes, and the urban street networks to determine whether, and to what extent, the accessibility and density of a store’s location was correlated with its transaction volume. While this hypothesis
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Spatial accessibility to kindergartens using a spectrum combinational approach: Case study of Shanghai using cellphone data Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 Zifeng Chen; Xingang Zhou; Anthony GO Yeh
Spatial accessibility to kindergartens is a critical issue related to the transport safety of children. Young children should be escorted to kindergartens by adults, and trips to kindergartens are occasionally dependent on parents’ home–work trips because parents may escort their children to kindergartens en route to work. Many types of school trip can be categorized into two main types: “Home–School”
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Shedding new light on residential property price variation in England: A multi-scale exploration Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 Bin Chi; Adam Dennett; Thomas Oléron-Evans; Robin Morphet
Exploring the nature of spatial and temporal variation in house prices is important because it can help better understand such issues as affordability and equity of access to housing. In the UK, research on house price variation has been hindered by a lack of extensive data linking the prices of properties at different places and times to their physical attributes. This paper addresses this gap through
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What’s your angle? Analyzing angled parking via satellite imagery to aid bike-network planning Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 Marcel E Moran
U.S. cities prioritize the storage of automobiles over the safe movement of bicycles. While this generally occurs by allocating street curbs for car parking instead of bike lanes, the privileging of the automobile is even more evident in the case of angled parking, in which cars sit roughly perpendicular to the flow of traffic. Such a layout takes up nearly double the space in the right of way as does
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A land-use clustering approach to capturing the level-of-service of large urban corridors: A case study in downtown Los Angeles Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 Junseo Bae; Kunhee Choi
Level-of-service has been widely used to measure the operational efficiency of existing highway systems categorically, based on certain ranges of traffic speeds. However, this existing method is generic for investigating urban traffic characteristics. Hence, there is a crucial knowledge gap in capturing the unique traffic speed conditions during a certain temporal duration, in a common spatial area
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The interplay of spatial spread of COVID-19 and human mobility in the urban system of China during the Chinese New Year Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 Xiaoyan Mu; Anthony Gar-On Yeh; Xiaohu Zhang
The rapid spread of infectious diseases is devastating to the healthcare systems of all countries. The dynamics of the spatial spread of epidemic have received considerable scientific attention. However, the understanding of the spatial variation of epidemic severity in the urban system is lagging. Using synchronized epidemic data and human mobility data, integrated with other multiple-sourced data
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Mapping China’s regional economic activity by integrating points-of-interest and remote sensing data with random forest Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Qian Chen; Tingting Ye; Naizhuo Zhao; Mingjun Ding; Zutao Ouyang; Peng Jia; Wenze Yue; Xuchao Yang
Nighttime light imageries are widely used for mapping the gross domestic product (GDP) over large areas. However, nighttime light imagery is inappropriate to disaggregate agricultural GDP and inadequate to differentiate the GDP from the secondary and tertiary sectors. Points-of-interest, a kind of geospatial big data with geographic locations and textual descriptions of the category, can effectively
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When plans are used to no effect: Considering implementation performance of greater Brisbane’s compact activity centre policies Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (IF 2.822) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Mark Limb; Carl Grodach; Paul Donehue; Severine Mayere
Evaluations of plan implementation are typically conceived in terms of plan conformance (the degree to which outcomes align with planning intent) or plan performance (the degree to which decision makers apply the plan). In this research, we consider the relationship between performance–conformance by evaluating the implementation of compact activity centre policy in greater Brisbane. We examine two