ABSTRACT For efficient operation and maintenance of Large Public Research Infrastructures (LPRIs) built with expensive equipment and operating engineers, reasonable budget needs to be allocated. However, it is difficult to fulfill sustainable operation and maintenance (O&M) because there is no standard on budgeting for efficient LPRI operation. There have been a lot of cost assessment studies regarding

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to learn views from design teams, housing developers and users for housing development green space quality that could best enhance occupant well-being and real-estate value addition. Through literature review, 26 landscape design and service factors were identified and tested via a questionnaire survey conducted in Taiwan. Participants (N = 380) evaluated the

ABSTRACT The birthrate in Japan is declining rapidly, which is attributed to the lack of perspective and consideration for “child-rearing” in the architecture of cities. Therefore, to gain knowledge of the measures to support child-rearing, determining factors such as how urban space is used is essential. In this study, Japanese parents were requested to send pictures of their surrounding environment

ABSTRACT Light Steel Frame (LSF) system is mainly used for construction of short and intermediate-height buildings in developed countries whereas considerable heed is not given to it in developing countries. Unfamiliarity to LSF risks is one of the main reasons for this averseness so risk management can remedy this challenge and develop its application. Hence, this paper investigates the risk management

ABSTRACT This paper demonstrates the application method of GFRP (glass fibre reinforced polymer) on freeform facades, including the design, fabrication, and construction based on an architectural oddment in Fuzhou. This architectural oddment, which covers a sunken plaza, is a sculptural-shaped structure inspired by three-morning glories, and its freeform facade is made up of 4 mm-thick GFRP panels

ABSTRACT This study attempts to interpret the urban form of the Japanese cities through the natural spatial reference of front and back which is deeply rooted in Japanese culture. The aim is to provide workable guidance for interpreting the urban form, and for creating diverse and active commercial spaces in Japan and beyond. Based on the physical built environment, this study proposes a parameter

ABSTRACT As alternative public spaces in vertical public realms, sky gardens have become an increasingly important spatial element and part of the urban vocabulary in high-density environments worldwide. However, the public's spatial experience, social behavior and aesthetic needs in sky gardens have not been thoroughly explained. This paper takes Singapore, which has a rich social public space in

ABSTRACT To understand the effect of connection type on the seismic fragility of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) column frame-core tube structures, typical structures with different numbers of storeys (15, 30, 45, and 60) and different types of beam-end connections (rigid connections, hinged connections, and rigid connections with outriggers) are designed. The probabilistic seismic demand models

ABSTRACT The history of urban transformation is a unique symbol of a city and the key to inheriting regional culture. In most current studies, the historical cities are analyzed considering water or multi factors; however, the basic fact of Basin is ignored. The basin provides the natural material conditions for the origin of the cities and affects the military and transportation in the region. These

ABSTRACT The nonlinear dynamic analysis is the most sophisticated evaluation method for vertically irregular structures under the effect of the earthquake because the higher mode effects are significant. In particular, vertically irregular structure has a complex geometry, so errors can occur when inputting members as coordinates or when defining the properties of members. Therefore, a simplified modeling

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to measure and observe memes in Korean modern architectural discourse. Here, a meme is understood as a cultural gene or in other words, a popular architectural concept or practice that is passed from one generation to the next by imitation. After extracting memes from the text of the leading architectural magazine in Korea titled SPACE magazine, we used network

This study explores urban forestry as a maintenance practice capable of enhancing more-than-human commons in the city. Focusing on the places associated with tree care, the methodology takes as a case study the Tokyo Metropolitan Parks, conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis through the means of immersive field work and questionnaires, to reveal how urban forestry practices materialize within

Abstract The main focus of this article is on the changes that occurred to firebreaks planned in this context of continuity of colonial space after Seoul’s liberation from Japanese colonial rule. This study aims primarily to investigate the changes to or the persistence of Seoul’s spatial structures after liberation. Also examined is the process by which the municipal administrative authorities in

ABSTRACT Understanding residents’ perceptions of the urban form can guide efforts to improve the urban milieu. However, existing research on place perception of historic environment has overlooked the social dimension and focused on isolated historic quarters, resulting in “zones of gentrification.” Thus, a comprehensive analytical framework to the urban image inquiry of a megacity historic urban center

In 1975, the Japanese government introduced Important Preservation Districts as a new category of cultural properties to preserve, enabling a preservation workflow that requires a balance between the establishment of designation criteria and decision-making by the central government and a legal framework that guarantees strong landowner rights. This paper explores how different local management models

Abstract Recent earthquakes have exposed the vulnerability of buildings in Indonesia. An evaluation is needed to confirm the seismic performance of the structures. A seismic index is a method to determine building performance. This research aims to evaluate the performance using a dynamic seismic performance index dIs by considering Indonesia’s seismic hazard. The nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis

Abstract A K-shaped eccentrically braced high-strength steel frame is a novel structure. For such structures to exhibit good plastic deformation ability under severe earthquake loading, the links are made of ordinary steel (fy ≤ 345 MPa), whereas high-strength steel (fy ≥ 460 MPa) is used in the frame beams and columns to reduce the cross section while ensuring the elasticity of the nonenergy consuming

ABSTRACT High-rise apartments are one representative form in the era of urbanization. However, the management of the high-rise apartment is not easy because of large household densities and the complex structures. Advanced technologies have permeated our daily lives and management services are becoming more intelligent. The aim of this study is to explore the smart management service model of high-rise

Resume This paper aims to clarify Charlotte Perriand’s (1903-1999) formation of the notion of the ‘vacuum’ through a reading of The Book of Tea written by Kakuzo Okakura in 1906, using the French version of The Book of Tea, which Perriand possessed, and her articles that quoted this book. It is certain that her multifaceted and ethnological interests in other cultures allowed her to accept the unfamiliar

Today, orthophotos and digital surface models (DSM) are produced using low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Ground control points (GCPs) are used in the process of indirectly georeferencing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) images. A minimum of three GCPs is required for the process, however, increasing this number can lead to higher accuracy regarding the final results. The aim of this study was

ABSTRACT This research examines the origins of Korean modern architecture within the context of cultural encounters between the East and West in terms of modernity, and in comparison with the origins of modern Western architecture. This research examines the works of two pioneering and representative modern Korean architects: Gilryong Park (朴吉龍, 1898-1943) and Dongjin Park (朴東鎭, 1899-1981), who actively

ABSTRACT In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced the COVID-19 outbreak as a global pandemic. With this announcement, the world is facing a major challenge. This research commenced as an initiative to conceptualize internal architectural space design to cope with epidemics, to ensure an architectural anti-virus environment. In fact, architectural spaces with high occupancy

Abstract The construction industrialization will be the main development direction of the future construction industry, how to achieve the construction industrialization has become the focus of the industry. As the core of building industrialization, design standardization is an important method and measure to improve the efficiency, time limit and quality of prefabricated buildings. The unsound design

Abstract To study the dynamic characteristics and seismic damage characteristics of damaged ancient pagodas, the Bayun Pagoda in Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province, China is taken as an example in this work. The dynamic characteristics of the pagoda structure are determined via an in-situ dynamic test, and the flexibility curvature method is used to identify the damage. Moreover, the numerical calculation

Abstract Projects aimed at recording the unique values and characteristics of geographical regions, in terms of human, social, and economic aspects, have been increasing in number, along with plans to apply these data to future planning directions. However, such projects tend to develop gradually and in a uniform direction, contrary to its original intention. To address these problems, a survey method

Abstract Spatial research on the eupchi is an important area of traditional Korean urban research. Previous studies generally focused on the spatial arrangement of the chiso in the eupchi. However, to understand the eupchi, we need to study different types of spaces in the eupchi and their functions. Thus, this study focuses on housing spaces rather than chiso. The purpose of this study is to investigate

Courtyard” is one of the domestic ancient identity patterns of Iranian architecture in most of the traditional houses in hot and dry climate. The aim of this study is to identify the geometric and natural characteristics of courtyards in historical houses of Isfahan city in hot-arid climate. In this research, thirty historical courtyard houses were selected and analyzed as the case studies. The results

ABSTRACT In detached housing estates in the suburbs of Tokyo, increasing vacancies in inherited houses have become a problem. This study aimed to assess the risk of vacant house generation and identify risk factors through analyses focusing on parent–child discussions. A questionnaire survey of parents in Koma-Musashidai, Saitama Prefecture, and their children who lived apart regarding their future

ABSTRACT Square-rebars have been used in many historical reinforced concrete buildings worldwide. The durability and structural behavior of such historical buildings should be evaluated regularly and accurately. The prediction of the corrosion-induced cracking time is a critical element for the durability evaluation work. This study demonstrates a mathematical model for the corrosion-induced cover

ABSTRACT The hotel lobby is where a guest forms his or her first impression of a hotel’s brand image and quality; hence, integrating appropriate design criteria into hotel lobby design is a value creation act. The novelty and aim of this study is to identified and categorized 15 hotel lobby design factors and ranked their importance and satisfaction levels from hotel operators’ perspective to achieve

ABSTRACT The benefits of using earthen material such as cob in architecture are increasingly acknowledged, yet remaining concerns about safety prevent its broader use. This is particularly true in areas that experience earthquakes and heavy rain. To better understand the structural characteristics of cob in such harsh environmental conditions, this study examines cob structures found in rural areas

Abstract The interfacial friction characteristics of composite geomembranes have a significant impact on the stability of engineering structures. To comprehensively analyze the interfacial friction properties of composite geomembranes and cushion materials, the effects of shear material, roughness, shear rate, and test temperature were studied through laboratory direct shear friction tests. The results

Abstract Many studies revealed that vegetation in parks evokes fear of crime for women in a certain environmental context, and it significantly inhibits the restorative qualities of urban green spaces. A quasi-experimental on-site study was conducted at two privately owned public spaces in a central business district of Seoul, to investigate what aspects of sites trigger women’s fear of crime and why

ABSTRACT The present study aims to investigate the effect of configuration changes and activities of rural housing types on the sense of place of residents. For this purpose, 382 houses from two types of rural housing in Guilan, Iran are randomly selected. The analysis of houses is done through space syntax and analysis of activities is done through structured interviews, chi-square test, and balloon

This paper examines the history and social life of the underground public spaces in three Moscow Metro stations just north of Red Square and the Kremlin: Okhotny Ryad, Tverskaya, and Ploshchad Revolyutsii stations. Moscow’s subway originated from two motivations: to improve the public transit system and to revitalize Moscow’s centre instead of moving out to the suburbs for growth. To achieve these

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the stream network formed in Hanyang and the topographic features of the surrounding areas for the purpose of identifying the impact of Hanyang’s stream network on its city formation. To this end, three substudies were conducted: (i) Topographic restoration of late Joseon using a digitized map including the stream network of the Joseon period and a cadastral

ABSTRACT Under the background of promoting rural revitalization in China, the construction of unified houses has become an important trend of rural development. However, controversy has never ceased over its results. This research set the external form of unified houses as its research object and surveyed forty-two rural unified housing programs distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shandong provinces

ABSTRACT Historic villages form a nonrenewable part of our cultural heritage that is being affected by changes in modern production methods and lifestyles. Historic villages require various conservation measures, and their performance requires post-planning evaluation. An evaluation system and its criteria for the conservation of historic villages has been established, and 10 historic villages in the

“Informal heritage” refers to spaces in cities that have certain heritage value but cannot be officially recognized as urban or architectural heritage sites. The author has observed the recognition and conservation of informal building heritage driven by architectural scholars (professionals) or communities in some Asian cities; this phenomenon provides a suitable perspective from which to observe

ABSTRACT The aging of the population is accelerating. In China, the relationship between the differences in aged care and medical resources is being explored, but there is a lack of research on the aged care and medical needs of older people in the community and the functional space of aged care institutions. In this paper, questionnaires, interviews and observations were conducted with older adults

ABSTRACT For as long as the principles of Korean space have been investigated, the madang has been considered as a central issue. However, scholars tend to define this space as a courtyard in the Western sense. Believing that this leads to a misinterpretation that the madang is equivalent to the Western courtyard, a comparative analysis has been conducted in this study for highlighting their peculiarities

Abstract Commercial streets play an essential role in urban public life, and their appearance constitutes an important visual attraction, which can attract people to form high-quality and active public spaces. However, in the traditional design analysis methods, limited by the existing evaluation tools, the key content of visual attractiveness analysis under dynamic conditions has rarely been paying

Abstract This paper introduces a bioinspired structure design method in the conceptual stage and takes the human femur section as an example, to extract the structural principle from the natural form, and summarizes as the morphological operation rules. The morphological manipulation rules provide a geometric feedback-based design process of both the building structural performance and its space with

ABSTRACT Motivations of tenancy could be related to economic, social, and spatial issues, such as lifecycle/life course, affordability, and accessibility. This implies the diversity of the tenants living in cities. In terms of urban development, Ankara, the capital of Turkey, has an important place in the history of the Republic. Ankara, which has developed, rapidly urbanized and become a metropolis

Abstract The volcanic-rock dwellings are a special kind of traditional vernacular architecture with high value of research, which located in the north of the Hainan Island in China. In order to clarify the thermal mechanism differences between volcanic-rock dwellings and modern dwellings in Haikou, the main factors affecting the thermal comfort of dwellings are analyzed through investigations of indoor

Abstract The Macau Holy House of Mercy was built in 1569 and rebuilt in the 18th century. Located in the historic center of Macao, the Macau Holy House of Mercy is included on the World Heritage List of UNESCO. With the Macau Holy House of Mercy, especially the façade of its neo-classical arcade added in 1905, as the research subject, this study applied the methods of historical document research,

ABSTRACT Researchers believe that the architecture of residential halls has a significant impact on various aspects of students’ lives, especially on the quality of their education. The purpose of this study was to extract and evaluate residential preferences affecting the architecture of dormitories for students in dormitories at University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in Iran. The seven extracted indicators

Abstract This article attempts to conduct a spatial study on women’s public toilets, focusing on how the situational and spatial condition of the toilets influence and challenge the women to utilize, avoid, or delay using public toilets. The tourist destination of Kotatua Jakarta was selected for this research due to its strategic policy dimension for the provision of on-street public toilets. The

Abstract Project Management Information Systems (PMIS) have been widely used for effective construction project management especially for EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) projects. It saves a significant amount of time and effort, making project management tasks more effective and efficient. However, most Korean EPC firms develop and use PMIS without validating the system’s compliance

Abstract This research aimed at developing strategies for the renovation of old shophouses in Bangkok ready for mass adoption and application. Shophouses were built with typical designs in a massive number in Bangkok during the 1960s and 1970s. They are now deteriorating, but still occupy a great proportion of the land near the city center. To make shophouse renovation easy for mass adoption and application

Abstract With the rapid development of high-density urban areas and the construction of high-rise complexes, the number of skybridges has increased during the last 20 years. While skybridges in high-rise building complexes have been attracting considerable attention, a few studies have been conducted on state-of-the-art skybridges, but not enough typological research on skybridges has been made based

ABSTRACT Greenhouse gases associated with energy extraction, production, and consumption are considered a major source of environmental pollution that has led to global warming and climate change. In Saudi Arabia, the building sector represents the largest domain of total energy consumption (roughly 80%) followed by the industrial and agricultural sectors. Furthermore, residential buildings consume

ABSTRACT Designing urban landscapes for climate change adaptation and mitigation is highly promoted for contemporary urban development. However, the lack of climate-based design knowledge and techniques in existing urban landscape practice has challenged the implementation. This paper, therefore, introduced climate-led as a practical approach for urban landscape design to overcome such a dilemma. This

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to identify the staining situation through experiments on sloped walls that are vulnerable to staining and to propose basic measures to prevent staining without additional defect management by taking action in advance at the design stage. A total of 68 prototypes were constructed by measuring the critical angle of the six finishing materials and installing them

Abstract To strengthen its power and resist aggression, the Qing-dynasty government of China began building military-industrial bases after the Opium Wars and to learn advanced Western science and technology. Through nearly 150 years’ development, the former site of Jinling Arsenal has become the largest and most representative architectural group of modern military industrial heritage buildings in

This paper examines underground bunkers in Seoul and explores different ways of reusing spaces that have a problematic heritage. In particular, I look at three bunkers in Seoul—the Yeouido, Kyeongheegung, and Daebangdong bunkers—in comparison to subway stations and other underground spaces designated as potential shelters by the state. I divide the bunkers into two types: those that have been in disuse

Abstract In order to apply damping technology to complex interaction system, a two-dimensional finite element-infinite element coupling model of tunnel-soil-surface building interaction system was established by ABAQUS. By analyzing the acceleration, displacement and stress response of key points of tunnel and surface buildings, the influence of the thickness and buried depth of the shock absorption

ABSTRACT In this situation, it is necessary to establish and manage a SIP (Shelter In Place) by utilizing existing facilities rather than increasing the number of evacuation facilities. These facilities can be used for their general purposes and used as a SIP during emergencies. This study uses BIM software to model a light rail station and examine the elements of the facility that can affect the evacuation

Abstract Prison construction was among the most important infrastructural developments introduced into Taiwan by the Japanese colonial regime in the late nineteenth century. The Japanese-built colonial prisons were characterized by their adaptation of Western-style prison typology, which signified the successful transfer of multiple aspects of modernity from the West, first to an eastern nation and

Abstract This study investigated the wind pressure characteristics of an elliptical plan retractable dome roof. Wind tunnel experiments were performed on elliptical dome roofs with varying wall height-to-span ratios (0.1–0.5) and opening ratios (0, 10, 30, and 50 %), where the opening ratio was defined as the ratio of the open area of the roof to the total area of the roof. The resulting peak pressure