This study was aimed at determining wastewater sewage sludge moisture sorption characteristics using a static gravimetric method at 303 K, 313 K and 323 K. Eleven mathematical models were adopted to simulate the experimental data, and the optimal model was analysed. The indexes included the net isosteric heat of adsorption (qst), differential entropy (△S), spreading pressure (π), net integral enthalpy

In present paper, thermodynamic analysis and techno-economic assessment of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) coupled with solar parabolic trough collector (PTC) are investigated. The thermodynamic and economic models, based on the principles of thermodynamics and heat transfer, as well as dynamic economic analysis, are developed for the components of the combined system. By performing a parametric study

AbstractCoal is the dominant composition of fossil fuel but, with the accompanying gaseous products, causes environmental pollution. Here, we report a methodology to improve C conversion in co-gasification. The steam gasification and chemical looping gasification (CLG) of lignite and rice husk with oxygen uncoupling over 5% NiO/CuO oxygen carrier were conducted by non-isothermal kinetics method in

In the light of the constantly expanding technological advancements concerning high-resolution satellites and imaging techniques for investigative and information uses it is important to look at how these algorithms progress to acquire more reliable data in a much efficient manner. This study aims to (1) investigate the ability to use remote sensing and geographic information system techniques to extract

In order to improve the efficiency and extend the service life of supercapacitors, this paper proposes a supercapacitor energy management method based on phase-shifted full-bridge converter. The method uses the supercapacitor state of charge (SOC) as a reference and combines the DC bus voltage fluctuation to quickly control the energy bidirectional flow. The simulation is carried out in Matlab/Simulink

Accurate prediction of electricity sale has a positive effect on power companies in rationally arranging power supply plans, scientifically optimizing power resource allocation, improving power management efficiency, saving energy and reducing consumption. Predicting future electricity sale based on historical electricity sale data can essentially be summarized as a time series forecasting problem

Past investigations have identified phase change emulsions (PCMEs) as potential working fluids that could be used to reduce energy consumption in heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. But how PCME behaves in a fin-and-tube heat exchanger, which is commonly found in HVAC system, is still unclear. The paper focused on theoretical studies of thermal performance of a novel PCME PCE-10

In this article the research is concentrated on defining the possibility and potentials of design to enhance the energy efficiency and refine the climate conditions in the existing residential buildings in Armenia. The digital model of existing residential building is used to calculate the annual energy consumption, by simulation software—Autodesk Green Building Student. The horizontal solar panel

This study investigates the application of the entransy analysis in ammonia/salt absorption heat pump (AHP) systems. The results of the entransy analysis are compared with those of energy analysis and exergy analysis under typical and various operating conditions. Entransy dissipation and exergy loss in each component, as well as coefficient of performance (COP), exergy efficiency and entransy efficiency

The production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a high energy-consuming process. The study of ways to reduce energy consumption and consequently to reduce operational costs is imperative. Toward this purpose, this study proposes a hybrid system adopting a mixed refrigerant for the liquefaction of natural gas that is precooled with an ammonia/water absorption refrigeration (AR) cycle utilizing the

The skylight on the roof of an atrium can be popular for commercial malls to illuminate the core area of the building. However, the solar radiation and its heat can get into the building together with the daylight, causing excessive cooling load. This paper studies the daylighting and energy performances of skylight coverage area for the air-conditioned atriums in the hot and humid regions. The energy

Sustainable economic growth and identifying factors affecting it are among the important issues which have always received attention from researchers of different countries. Accordingly, one of the factors affecting economic growth, which has received attention from researchers in the developed countries over recent years, is the issue of environmental technologies that enter the economic cycle of

Sustainability as a concept is tackled a lot in contemporary urbanism due to its importance; consequently, this led to the development of global trends toward achieving it. The current research attempts to identify how sustainability could be achieved in urban design and how to comply with the global concerns. This paper tackles the experiences of the global trends toward sustainability concepts in

In this work, a thermodynamic analysis consisting of energy and exergy analyses is carried out to determine the performance of a single flash geothermal power plant. A new derivation for determination of the optimum separator temperature, which results in maximum turbine power output, is achieved. The energy and exergy analyses are carried out at that optimum separator temperature. The thermodynamic

Due to the lack of suitable evaluation systems for heating, ventilation, air-conditioning (HVAC) systems with ground source heat pump (GSHP) and energy storage (ES) technologies, it is difficult to design a building HVAC system to achieve optimized design with regard to investment cost, energy saving and environmental protection. This is a study on developing a fuzzy evaluation system by including

An experimental analysis was carried out with basin-type vertical multiple-effect diffusion solar still coupled with solar pond (BVMEDS-SP) to evaluate 24 hours overall performance of still by varying feed flow rate and temperature in addition to other affecting parameters. A solar pond was utilized to harness solar energy diurnal and the same energy was provided to basin water nocturnal in batch mode

According to the regulation of European Union laws in 2014, it was inevitable to switch to low global warming potential (GWP) fluids in the refrigeration systems where the R404A working fluid is currently used. The GWP of R404A is very high, and the potential for ozone depletion is zero. In this study, energetic and exergetic performance assessment of a theoretical refrigeration system was carried

Among non-toxic and inflammable working fluids, carbon dioxide (CO2) proving a possible choice of refrigerant is gaining full status because of its reducing capacity of global warming and ozone depletion. Heat pump (HP) equipment uses energy more rationally to heat water by reducing emissions and global warming caused by conventional refrigerants. HP capability demands an environmentally friendly refrigerant

To address the problem of optional group formation in the process of retired power batteries for secondary use, a detection method based on the ampere-time integration method is used for batch testing of retired power batteries. The dynamic time-bending dynamic time warping distance between different batteries is calculated by comparing the discharge curves during the testing process. Combining the

Applying nanofluids in energy-related technologies and thermal mediums can lead to remarkable enhancement in their efficiency and performance due to their modified thermophysical properties. Among thermophysical properties, thermal conductivity (TC) performs principal role in heat transfer ability of nanofluids. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have shown promising performance in modeling nanofluids’

This work addresses the potential impact on water quality and quantifies the benefit of the low carbon power source of floating solar panels in evaporation reduction when using them on an open water body, such as an agricultural irrigation pond in semi-arid regions. By utilizing agricultural ponds for low carbon energy conversion, and saving precious water through evaporation reduction, the highly

Influence of area ratio (AR) on main performance parameters of solar chimney power plants (SCPPs) is investigated through a justified 3D axisymmetric CFD model. Geometric characteristics of Manzanares pilot plant (MPP) are taken into consideration for the numerical model. AR is varied from 0.5 to 10 to cover both concave and convex (convergent and divergent) solar chimney designs. Following the accuracy

As a clean energy with mature technology, hydropower has been widely applied in industry. The hydraulic turbine unit plays an important role in hydropower station. Since the fault of turbine unit will affect the normal operation of the whole hydropower station, this paper proposes a universal, fast and memory-efficient method trend for time-series prediction of hydraulic turbines. The proposed method

With the increasingly serious pollution from the ships berthing at port and the emergence of low-carbon policies, shore power (SP) and low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) have become effective means to reduce the emissions from ships berthing in the ports. In order to analyse two emission mitigation strategies, we establish a non-cooperative game model in a transport chain consisting of a terminal and two carriers

Calcium-looping process was simulated by solution of one-dimensional mass and energy balance equations for both interconnected fluidized bed reactors. Kinetics for the carbonator and calciner were derived from literature sources and were revised to include the effects of sulphation. The degree of apparent carbonation was compared to the actual level of carbon dioxide removal through a series of sensitivity

This paper proposed an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for the variable parameter power difference charging and discharging strategy of battery energy storage system (BESS). The charge and discharge power of the BESS under different load intervals and state of charge (SOC) intervals are distributed, and the objective functions of peak shaving and valley filling standard deviation

Solar disinfection, as a low carbon technology, is a sustainable and cost-effective water treatment method, which makes it more likely to be implemented in developing countries. It has been proven that ultraviolet light radiation is effective against pathogens and microorganisms. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of solar disinfection apparatus that is equipped with Wood’s glass

Sloped solar chimney power plant (SSCPP) could be one of the appropriate technologies for powering Nepalese communities. The main components of the plant are chimney, collector and power-generating unit. In this study, the mathematical evaluation of the SSCPP has been conducted for the estimation of the power generation in Nepalese context. For the analysis, the mathematical models have been developed

AbstractThe present work aimed to select the optimum solar tracking mode for parabolic trough concentrating collectors using numerical simulation. The current work involved: (1) the calculation of daily solar radiation on the Earth’s surface, (2) the comparison of annual direct solar radiation received under different tracking modes and (3) the determination of optimum tilt angle for the north-south

AbstractFor reducing the inconsistent state of charges (SOC) of lithium-ion battery cells and making the full use of battery packs, effective battery balancing technology should be used. In order to achieve the goal of balancing any single cell in the battery pack expediently and considering the cost and the balance efficiency, a balanced circuit is proposed. By changing the action state of single-pole

AbstractThe brake system of an automobile is composed of disc brake and pad which are co-working components in braking and accelerating. In the braking period, due to friction between the surface of the disc and pad, the thermal heat is generated. It should be avoided to reach elevated temperatures in disc and pad. It is focused on different disc materials that are gray cast iron and carbon ceramics

AbstractAt present, the environmental quality of urban regions and outdoor spaces has turn out to be one of the main issues facing both climatologists and designers, which could be identified through their research outcomes. It is argued that the urban configuration affects the micro-climate of the urban outdoor spaces. The street’s orientation form was identified as an element, which impacts the urban

AbstractContinuous application of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for compression ignition (CI) engines has necessitated the need to unearth an optimal mix to enhance engine performance and mitigated emissions. This particular work employed a numerical approach to solve linear equations generated for biodiesel properties using fatty acid (FA) composition for the determination of an optimal fatty acid

AbstractTo reduce the efficiency reduction caused by non-uniformity of illumination, a dense-array module with non-uniform sizing of photovoltaic (PV) cells is proposed for dish-type concentrating PV systems. The non-uniform-sized dense-array module has been designed and analyzed theoretically at the ideal irradiance of Gaussian distribution, which consists of 48 silicone solar cells. Using the ZEMAX

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the thermal properties of a phase change material (PCM) based on coconut oil for building energy storage applications. Coconut oil is classified as an organic PCM composed of fatty acids made from renewable feedstock. However, low thermal conductivity is one of the major drawbacks of organic PCMs that must be improved. Graphene could be an effective material to

AbstractThe battery charging process has nonlinear and hysteresis properties. PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control is a conventional control method used in the battery charging process. The control effect is determined by the PID control parameters ${K}_p$, ${K}_i$ and ${K}_d$. The traditional PID parameter setting method is difficult to give the appropriate parameters, which affects

AbstractAround the world, most energy is consumed by buildings; residential buildings consume 40% of energy globally. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), buildings consume 50% of all energy, and 70% of the buildings in the KSA are not insulated well. Creating an envelope is a key to decreasing energy consumption and providing thermal comfort and healthy internal spaces. Thus, the main aim of this

AbstractIn this paper, a novel photovoltaic/thermal system using micro-channel flat loop heat pipe (PV/T-MCFLHP) is proposed, and the thermal and electrical performance of the system is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The variations of temperatures were analysed, and the efficiency of the system was calculated under different conditions, i.e. simulated solar radiation, water flow rate

AbstractThe traditional treatment of coal-gasification wastewater produces high solvent and operation cost, secondary pollution and long processing cycle. The aim of the paper was to attempt an alternative approach of wastewater treatment in coal gasification process. With wastewater being heated and sprayed into the gasifier, water participates in the water–gas shift reaction; meanwhile, organic constituents

AbstractAir conditioning is of the most energy saving potential system in the metro station. This study analyzes the composition and characteristics of air conditioning cooling load in a metro station. The hourly distribution and the proportion of each cooling load are calculated. The results show that cooling load fluctuation of metro air conditioning is large, and the operating time of different

Ecological footprint (EF) is an indicator that accounts for human demand in the environment compared with the sizes of the bio-productive land and sea areas. This research was carried out to determine the EF for environmental sustainability in Ilorin Metropolis. Empirical surveying, which involved systematic random sample technique, was used to select residential households in each community for this

The present study aims to investigate the thermodynamic and financial aspect of concentrated solar power (CSP) plant hybridized with biomass-based organic Rankine cycle (ORC), thermal energy storage (TES), hot springs and CO2 capture systems. The organic working fluids namely R123, R235fa, D4 and MDM are selected for designing the hybrid system at different operating conditions. The nominal power capacities

Based on 804 samples of farmers in Hubei Province, a typical major grain-producing area in China, this study empirically analyzed the effects of two different policy tools, i.e. economic incentives (subsidies) and order enforcements (regulatory restrictions), as well as the effects of their interaction, on farmers’ chemical fertilizer reduction and substitution behaviors. Samples were grouped according

AbstractThis paper introduces an innovative thin film PV vacuum glazing (PV-VG) technology. In addition to electricity generation, the PV-VG glazing can also reduce heat loss from the building in winter and reduce heat gain in summer. In building integrated photovoltaics application, optical characterization of the PV glazing is important in determining the solar ray transmission and thermal transfer

Geothermal energy is a kind of green and non-polluting renewable energy. Medium and low-temperature geothermal energy below 150 °C is usually used directly for heating, industrial and agricultural heating, bathing, etc., and the utilization rate is low. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system can be used in a low-temperature geothermal power generation systems. Thermodynamic analysis of the thermal cycle

Renewable energy technologies have been developed in recent years due to the limited sources of fossil fuels, the possibility of depletion of fossil fuels and the related environmental issues. In these types of systems, it is crucial to reach optimum sizing in order to have an affordable system based on solar and wind energy and energy storage. In this study, a powerful optimization scheme based on

Renewable energies could be a good solution to the problems associated with fossil fuels. The storage of wind energy by means of small-scale devices rather than large-scale turbines is a topic that has gained lots of interest. In this study, a compact device is proposed to harvest wind energy and transform it into electrical energy, by means of oscillations of a magnet into a coil, using the concept

In this work, the network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was used to divide the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities into two stages, which makes up for the lack of process measurement in a single DEA model. Also, the relationship between the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities and the development

The moisture extraction rate (MER) and energy efficiency of domestic gas clothes dryers, heat-pump clothes dryers and electric clothes dryers were assessed. The assessment was performed with regard to five indices: the MER, specific MER, specific thermal energy consumption for dehumidification (mSPC), energy efficiency (ηt) and primary energy efficiency (η1). The effects of the dry mass of clothes

In order to improve the friendliness of the grid connection of new energy power generation, the new energy photovoltaic (PV) unit is equivalent to a synchronous generator in the power system and a virtual synchronous generator (VSG)-controlled PV energy storage complementary grid-connected power generation system model is established and studied to analyze the VSG. When power is supplied to the load

In this study, thermodynamic analysis was performed on basic and recuperative transcritical organic Rankine cycles by using five pure and six mixed fluids. The effects of evaporation parameters on the first- and second-law efficiencies (ηI and ηII) as well as power output were investigated. The results indicate that a recuperator had a positive effect on the ηI and ηII and negative effects on the specific

A roof-mounted radiant cooling system incorporating a bypass structure, intended for use on liquid natural gas (LNG)-fueled refrigerated vehicles and offering stable dynamic regulation was designed. A model was established using the TRNSYS software package to simulate the operation of this system, and the effects of various factors on the refrigeration performance were analyzed. The quantitative relationship

The increasing global energy and environmental problems are encouraging to the development and utilization of renewable and clean energy in various countries. Wind power is one of the major source in large-scale renewable energy applications. However, the frequency regulation becomes a critical issue while the technology is spreading. Research on the frequency modulation (FM) technology of wind turbines

Hotels hold an important role in the energy efficiency policies of the European Union (EU), as they are typically ranked among the top energy consumers in the non-residential sector. However, a significant amount of the energy used in hotels is wasted, leaving ample room for enhancing energy-efficiency and resource conservation. Indeed, energy refurbishment of the hotel building stock is crucial in

In the current work, the influences of titanium oxide (TO) on nanocomposites using epoxy (EP) resin have been investigated. EP resin was added to various contents in terms of volume of TO (6%). Based on the casting method, the TO-EP nanocomposites were prepared. Mechanical properties in terms of tensile, impact and hardness properties exhibited improvements in the mechanical results of the TO-EP nanocomposites

Prefabricated buildings constructed to be used in a specific region cannot be assumed to work unconditionally in different climates around the world. It is important to develop passive house solutions for each location, suitable for the actual climate and geographic conditions. Shelters could be used in different applications such as refugee housing or telecommunication stations. Photovoltaic energy

Biogas is deemed as one of the most promising renewable fuels emerging in the past several decades. At present, biogas is mainly applied to cooking for substituting fossil fuels. However, biogas is rarely reported to be used for space heating. In this paper, we designed a biogas-fired partially premixed burner for gas-fired wall-mounted boilers, which has the heat input of 25 kW and can be used for

From the last few years, the use of efficient ejector in refrigeration systems has been paid a lot of attention. In this article a description of a refrigeration system that combines a basic vapor compression refrigeration cycle with an ejector cooling cycle is presented. A one-dimensional mathematical model is developed using the flow governing thermodynamic equations based on a constant area ejector

For areas with hot summer and cold winter, air conditioning is an essential tool to improve the living environment, but the traditional air conditioning needs to consume a lot of energy in cooling and heating, the fan operation noise is large and the sense of blowing will be uncomfortable. This paper briefly introduced the basic structure of a ground-source heat pump-floor radiant air conditioning

Aiming at the problem that the traditional flying capacitor equalization circuit has long equilibrium time and complicated structure, based on the in-depth study of the existing capacitor equalization method, this paper proposes a bidirectional DC-DC equalization circuit topology based on switch matrix. Structure, improve circuit switch network structure, reduce the number of switches and capacitors