This paper aims to lighten the weight of concrete-filled steel tubes using wood blocks. Different proportions of wood to concrete were used in a way that wood blocks were substituted with a fraction of concrete in small-scale columns. The behaviour of the composite members was compared with the reference specimens, i.e. fully concrete-filled tubes. Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) was also employed

Murakami's Zig-Zag Function in conjunction of Green-Lagrange Strain- and Second-Piola Kirchhoff Stress-tensors and Generalized Unified Formulation are introduced for the first time to present a class of Zig-Zag theories for composite structures. Transverse strain effects are retained and modeled, making the present approach also suitable for thick structures. Each displacement variable is independently

A Kelvin-Voigt based constitutive equation is implemented in Hamilton's framework in order to derive the coupled in-plane/transverse equations governing the motion of a microplate with geometric imperfections, while considering geometric nonlinearities. The Kirchhoff plate theory and the modified couple stress-based theory (MCST) are utilised to obtain the strain and kinetic energies of the imperfect

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections can be designed in many configurations and, compared to hot-rolled steel elements, can lead to more efficient and economic design solutions. While CFS moment resisting frames can be used as an alternative to conventional CFS shear-wall systems to create more flexible space plans, their performance under strong earthquakes is questionable due to the inherited low local/distortional