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Thermal Spray Copper Alloy Coatings as Potent Biocidal and Virucidal Surfaces J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-28 J. Mostaghimi, L. Pershin, H. Salimijazi, M. Nejad, M. Ringuette
Microbial and viral pathogen contamination of touch surfaces contributes to the rapid transmission of diseases. It has been known for decades that microbes and viruses are rapidly inactivated when exposed to copper and its alloys. Consequently, the use of thermal spray technologies to coat surfaces in healthcare and public settings has been receiving a considerable amount of interest during recent
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High-Speed Video Analysis of the Process Stability in Plasma Spraying J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-16 K. Bobzin, M. Öte, M. A. Knoch, I. Alkhasli, H. Heinemann
In plasma spraying, instabilities and fluctuations of the plasma jet have a significant influence on the particle in-flight temperatures and velocities, thus affecting the coating properties. This work introduces a new method to analyze the stability of plasma jets using high-speed videography. An approach is presented, which digitally examines the images to determine the size of the plasma jet core
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Effect of Heat Treatment on Structure and Oxidation Resistance of Flame-Sprayed Ni-20 wt.% Al on Carbon Steel J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-11 A. Shabani, S. M. Nahvi, K. Raeissi
In this study, the effects of time and temperature of heat treatment on Ni-20 wt.% Al flame spraying coatings were studied. The objectives are to find the optimal sample in terms of microstructure and compare its oxidation resistance with the as-sprayed coating. The coatings were deposited by flame spraying on low carbon (St 37) steel substrate. The specimens were heat-treated in vacuum at 850 °C and
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Perspectives on Environmental Barrier Coatings (EBCs) Manufactured via Air Plasma Spray (APS) on Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs): A Tutorial Paper J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 Kang N. Lee, Dongming Zhu, Rogerio S. Lima
There are many sets of information in the literature (e.g., papers, books and websites) about the great achievements that are expected for aerospace gas turbine engines by the employment of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and thermally sprayed environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) in their hot zones (e.g., combustion chambers, vanes, shrouds, blades and afterburners). Among these achievements, it
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Mechanical Stability Diagrams for Thermal Barrier Coating Systems J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 Mario Rudolphi, Mathias Christian Galetz, Michael Schütze
Loss of mechanical integrity due to thermal aging and subsequent spallation of the ceramic top layer is one of the dominant failure mechanisms in thermal barrier coating systems. In order to predict and avoid such mechanical failure, a strain-based lifetime assessment model is presented for a novel double-layer thermal barrier system. The investigated ceramic system consists of a gadolinium zirconate
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Use of Different Process Gases for Manufacturing Isolating Alumina Coatings by Flame Spraying with Cords J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Michél Hauer, Melanie Meyer, Dominique Billieres, Cédric Bricquet, Franz Gerstgrasser, Jarkko Kiilakoski, Julien Lejay, Knuth-Michael Henkel
Besides conventional industrial demands, thermally sprayed coatings are increasingly used for innovative products. Such an application is the additive manufacturing of electrical components in automotive engineering. In particular, heating units are currently manufactured by a combination of various spray technologies. At present, simpler spraying processes like flame spraying are investigated with
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Microstructure and Properties of Al 2 O 3 -13wt.%TiO 2 -Reinforced CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Composite Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spraying J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Shuaishuai Zhu, Zhijia Zhang, Baosen Zhang, Yaqiu Yu, Zhangzhong Wang, Xiancheng Zhang, Bin Lu
This study deals with Al2O3-13wt.%TiO2-reinforced CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite coatings prepared by plasma spraying. The effect of the Al2O3-TiO2 ceramic phase on the microstructure, mechanical properties and high-temperature tribological performance of the as-sprayed composite coatings was investigated. The results showed that the composite coatings consisted of a HEA phase with a
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Size Effects of Brittle Particles in Aerosol Deposition—Molecular Dynamics Simulation J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Bahman Daneshian, Frank Gaertner, Hamid Assadi, Daniel Hoeche, Wolfgang Weber, Thomas Klassen
Up to now, the role of particle sizes on the impact behavior of ceramic particles in aerosol deposition not yet fully understood. Hence, with the aim to supply a more general understanding, modeling series of low strain rate compression and high-speed impact were performed by molecular dynamics on single-crystalline particles in sizes of 10-300 nm that are tuned to match mechanical properties of TiO2-anatase
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A Self-Consistent Scheme for Understanding Particle Impact and Adhesion in the Aerosol Deposition Process J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Robert Saunders, Scooter D. Johnson, Douglas Schwer, Eric A. Patterson, Heonjune Ryou, Edward P. Gorzkowski
Aerosol deposition (AD) is a thick-film deposition process that can produce films tens to hundreds of micrometers thick with densities greater than 95% of the bulk at room temperature. However, the precise mechanisms of bonding and densification are still under debate. To better understand and predict deposition, a self-consistent approach is employed that combines computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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Effects of Automated Grit Blasting on Roughness and Thickness Loss of Reaction-Bonded Silicon Carbide J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 Austin D. Scherbarth, Taylor K. Blair, Gary Pickrell
Thermally sprayed coatings improve component lifespan and protect the underlying substrate in high temperature and corrosive environments. The coating adhesion is one of the most important properties with respect to coating performance. Before coating, surfaces are typically cleaned and roughened via manual grit blasting to promote mechanical interlocking of the coating with substrate. With recent
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Numerical Investigation on the Flame Characteristics and Particle Behaviors in a HVOF Spray Process Using Kerosene as Fuel J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-31 Chang Li, Xing Gao, Dacheng Zhang, Hexin Gao, Xing Han, Baogui Zhang
HVOF coatings generally have a high bonding strength and good compactness, which improve the wear, corrosion, high-temperature oxidation, and fatigue properties of the substrate. They are widely used in automobile, home appliance, petrochemical, aerospace, and other fields. The flame flow characteristics and particle in-flight behaviors during the spray process have an essential influence on the coating
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Development of Thermal Spray Processes for Depositing Coatings on Thermoplastics J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-31 Kirsten Bobzin, Wolfgang Wietheger, Martin Andreas Knoch
Thermoplastics combine high freedom of design with economical mass production. Metallic coatings on thermoplastics enable power and signal transmission, shield sensitive parts inside of housings and can reduce the temperature in critical areas by functioning as a heat sink. The most used technical thermoplastics are polyamides (PA), while the described use cases are often realized using Cu. Consequently
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Aging Behavior of Water-Based YSZ Suspensions for Plasma Spraying of Thermal Barrier Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-31 Maryam Yaghtin, Amirhossein Yaghtin, Pooria Najafisayar, Zhaolin Tang, Tom Troczynski
Suspension stability is a key parameter that should be considered in any coating process utilizing a suspension as the main feedstock. Application of water as the liquid phase for suspension preparation is promising due to its availability, low cost and no toxicity. In the present study, the effects of three surfactants, polyethyleneimine (PEI), 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) and
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Plasma-Sprayed High-Performance (Bi 2 O 3 ) 0.75 (Y 2 O 3 ) 0.25 Electrolyte for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFCs) J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-28 Rui Chen, Shan-Lin Zhang, Chang-Jiu Li, Cheng-Xin Li
Rare earth element-doped bismuth oxides with the fluorite structure (δ-Bi2O3) exhibit high oxygen ion conductivity at low temperature, which is promising electrolyte materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). However, traditional co-sintering process is not applicable to the manufacturing of IT-SOFCs using low melting point Bi2O3-based electrolyte, while further high-temperature
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Corrosion Behavior and Failure Prediction of YSZ Coatings Under CMAS Attack J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 Shenghui Han, Jingjing Zhang, Tingju Li
In aeroengines, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are usually utilized to protect the hot components from hot gases. The ability to predict the TBC failure is crucial to avoid economic losses. In this study, plasma-sprayed 8 wt.% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings were subjected to corrosion by calcium–magnesium–aluminosilicate (CMAS, 33CaO–9MgO–13Al2O3–45SiO2) glass at 1250 °C. After the test
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Cold Spray Construction of Nanostructured Titania Coatings for Photocatalytic Applications J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-27 Jin Liu, Yi Liu, Xinkun Suo, Leszek Latka, Aleksandra Małachowski, Deping Lu, Hua Li
Nano-titania (TiO2) has drawn considerable attention for decades for its excellent photocatalytic activity. The use of photocatalyst TiO2 in the form of surface coating is usually desired for long-term recyclable photocatalytic performances. Yet deposition of the coatings with appropriate nanostructures persists challenging. Thermal spray processing usually triggered loss of photocatalytic anatase
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Effect of Powder Particle Size and Spray Parameters on the Ni/Al Reaction During Plasma Spraying of Ni-Al Composite Powders J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Li Zhang, Xian-Jin Liao, Shan-Lin Zhang, Xiao-Tao Luo, Chang-Jiu Li
It was known for long that Ni-Al composite powders can be used to deposit self-bonding coating as a bond coat for common ceramic coatings due to the exothermic reaction between Ni and Al. However, it was found that with commercial Ni-Al composite powders with a large particle size, it is difficult to ignite the self-propagating reaction between Ni and Al to form Ni-Al intermetallics by plasma spraying
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Comparison of FeMnCrSi Cavitation Resistance Coatings Deposited by Twin-Wire Electric Arc and High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel Processes J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-24 Rodolpho F. Vaz, Gustavo B. Sucharski, André Chicoski, Irene B. A. F. Siqueira, Romildo Tristante, Anderson G. M. Pukasiewicz
The hydraulic runners and many other components are exposed to cavitation phenomena and the erosion occurs, and normally are repaired by arc welding processes. However, the heat input from the welding causes microstructural changes in the components materials. Considering the martensitic stainless steel CA6NM, the welding thermal cycle reduces its fracture toughness and consequently the structural
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A study on RE Boronizing Process in a Titanium Alloy J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Kang Yuan
In this study, the function of rare earth (RE) oxides added in boronizing agents was studied by analyzing not only the boronized titanium (Ti6Al4V) but also the agent materials at 900–1050 °C. XRD results showed that low-melting-point RE borates were formed in the boronizing processes. The existence of the RE borates probably provided a partially liquid boronizing environment for the titanium alloys
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Corrosion Performance of Cold-Sprayed Nb-Ni-Si Coating in Molten Glass Environment J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Yaxin Xu, Baijin Ji, Wenya Li
A novel coating system of Nb-Ni-Si intermetallic compound was designed for components serving in the aggressive environment containing molten glass. Cold spray process was employed to deposit Nb-Ni-Si coating on the nickel-based superalloy substrate (IN 718), and post-spray heat treatment was adopted to promote the formation of intermetallic compounds in the as-deposited coating. The microstructure
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Corrosion Behavior and Galvanic Corrosion Resistance of WC and Cr 3 C 2 Cermet Coatings in Madeira River Water J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Leonardo Augusto Luiz, Juliano de Andrade, Camila Melo Pesqueira, Irene Bida de Araújo Fernandes Siqueira, Gustavo Bavaresco Sucharski, Milton Jakson de Sousa
Thermally sprayed cermet coatings are adequate solutions to improve cavitation and wear resistance of hydraulic turbines made of stainless steel (SS), especially in rivers with a high sediment load, such as the Madeira River in Brazil. However, some cermets are easily dissolved in river water, leading to premature failure of the coating and costly maintenance. Moreover, galvanic corrosion induced by
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Cr 3 C 2 -25NiCr Cermet Coating: Preparation, PTFE Sealant, Wear and Corrosion Resistances J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Ha Pham Thi, Tuan Nguyen Van, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Quy Le Thu, Ly Pham Thi, Thuy Dao Bich, Trung Trinh Van, Cuong Ly Quoc
In this study, Cr3C2-25NiCr cermet coatings were fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying on 304 stainless steel substrate. Then, the coatings were sealed with a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion by using two methods: conventional impregnation and ultrasonic vibration. The phase composition, surface morphology, porosity, permeability of PTFE emulsion into the coating, wear and corrosion resistance
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The Influence of Plasma Composition in the Thermal Cyclic Performance of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Bruno Guerreiro, Rogerio S. Lima, Nicholas Curry, Matthias Leitner, Karl Körner
In the combustion chambers of gas turbine engines, ZrO2-8wt.%Y2O3 (YSZ) TBCs are commonly applied by air plasma spray (APS) using Ar-/H2-based plasmas via legacy torches. Alternatively, N2/H2 plasmas could be used with the potential of increasing overall deposition efficiency (DE) and hence reduce the consumption of high-value feedstock powder. Also, by increasing DE, spraying time would be reduced
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Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance and Tribological Properties of LA43M Mg Alloy by Cold-Sprayed Aluminum Coatings Reinforced with Alumina and Carbon Nanotubes J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Usman Ahmed, Lui Yi, Lu Fei Fei, Muhammad Yasir, Chang-Jiu Li, Cheng-Xin Li
Magnesium is a suitable material for structural and aerospace applications owing to its high strength to weight ratio, yet the wide usage of Mg alloys is restricted due to their poor corrosion and mechanical properties. In this study, cold gas spraying method was used to produce pure Al, Al-Al2O3 and Al-Al2O3-CNTs coatings with feedstock powder containing Al admixed with 5 wt.% Al2O3 and 1 wt.% CNTs
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Diffusion Modelling on the Microstructure Evolution in MCrAlY-Superalloy System J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Zhenyuan Xu, Kang Yuan, Zhaoran Zheng, Haoran Peng, Jianming Liu
Elemental diffusion drives the microstructure development in the MCrAlY-superalloy systems at high temperature. In this paper, two diffusion models were built to simulate the diffusion behavior of elements in the coating or in the coating–substrate system. Firstly, a core–shell model was set up to investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of the localized microstructure. The results of the
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Development of Novel Thermal Sprayed Hydroxyapatite-Rare Earth (HA-Re) Coatings for Potential Antimicrobial Applications in Orthopedics J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Chunling Yang, Jin Liu, Qianhong Ren, Yi Liu, Ping Zhou, Hua Li
Biofilm-associated infections and the lack of successful tissue integration of biomaterial surfaces are the two main barriers to the long-term service of implanted biomaterials. Development of novel biocompatible antimicrobial materials has provided insights into their potential biomedical applications. Many clinical studies have successfully proved that hydroxyapatite coating has excellent osteogenic
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Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of a Double Ceramic Composite Coating Deposited by a Novel Method on Magnesium-Lithium Alloy (LA43M) Substrates J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Fei-Fei Lu, Kai Ma, Cheng-xin Li, Chang-jiu Li
In this study, a composite coating with outstanding corrosion and wear resistance was successfully produced on LA43M substrates. The composite coating was composed of cold-sprayed aluminum, anodized Al2O3 and a SiO2 sealing coating, which was defined as the MAC composite coating. The properties of the MAC composite coating were characterized by water contact angle, potentiodynamic polarization, salt
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Influence of High-Enthalpy Atmospheric Plasma Spraying Process Parameters on Microwave Dielectric Properties of Y 2 O 3 Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Qi Li, Jing Hu, Jianliang Xie, Xin Wang, Chengyong Yu, Shaoliang Jiang, Xianyu Jiang, En Li, Longjiang Deng
The low-dielectric inorganic adhesive is an important component of electromagnetic wave absorption coatings due to impedance matching with the atmospheric environment. Herein, high-enthalpy atmospheric plasma spraying (HE-APS) equipment is utilized to prepare Y2O3 ceramic coatings, and the influence of spraying power on dielectric and physical properties of Y2O3 ceramic coatings is systematically investigated
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The Role of Substrate Preheating on the Adhesion Strength of Cold-Sprayed Soft Particles on Hard Substrates J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 R. Ortiz-Fernandez, S. Imbriglio, R. Chromik, B. Jodoin
Induction heating cold spray has recently been proposed as a new hybrid additive manufacturing technique and a possible solution to avoid the delamination of soft material coatings from hard substrates. This process relies on the combined contributions of substrate preheating and in situ coating heating as a result of the alternating electromagnetic field applied that generates eddy currents. However
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Microstructure and Mechanical Property Evaluation of Aluminum F357 Powder for Cold Spray Applications J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Kyle Tsaknopoulos, Jack Grubbs, Matthew Siopis, Aaron Nardi, Danielle Cote
Cold spray (CS) is a solid-state additive manufacturing process that can create high-density, high-performance deposits for many applications. Aluminum alloys have been the target of recent CS research due to their excellent mechanical behavior when cold-sprayed. The introduction of new Al alloys to CS is of interest as unique properties may be achieved, especially when powder is heat-treated prior
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Calcium-Magnesium-Aluminum-Silicate (CMAS) Corrosion Resistance of Y-Yb-Gd-Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Tongxin Wang, Fang Shao, Jinxing Ni, Huayu Zhao, Yin Zhuang, Jing Sheng, Xinghua Zhong, Jiasheng Yang, Shunyan Tao, Kai Yang
It was published that zirconate coatings containing Gd/Yb and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings with high Y content had good calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) corrosion resistance. However, there are few reports on CMAS resistance of zirconia-based thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) doped with Y, Gd and Yb. This article intends to explore the role of Y, Gd and Yb in resisting CMAS corrosion
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Improved Corrosion Protection of Magnesium Alloys AZ31B and AZ91 by Cold-Sprayed Aluminum Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 R. P. S. Chakradhar, G. Chandra Mouli, Harish Barshilia, Meenu Srivastava
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have a high strength/weight ratio, high dimensional stability, good machinability, and the ability to be recycled. However, their poor corrosion resistance in humid environments limits their usage for exterior aerospace components. This study aims to improve the corrosion resistance of two Mg alloys (AZ31B and AZ91) by using aluminum coatings. The latter have been deposited by
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Benefits of Hydrogen in a Segmented-Anode Plasma Torch in Suspension Plasma Spraying J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Alice Dolmaire, Enni Hartikainen, Simon Goutier, Emilie Béchade, Michel Vardelle, Pierre-Marie Geffroy, Aurélien Joulia
Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) enables the production of various coating microstructures with unique mechanical and thermal properties. Aeronautical manufacturers have been working for fifty years to improve the thermal barrier coating (TBC) performances in gas turbines. Commercial plasma torches with a segmented anode that are characterized by stable plasma jets should enable a better control of
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Development of Highly Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings by One-Step Plasma Spray Methodology J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 B. Swain, A. R. Pati, P. Mallick, S. S. Mohapatra, A. Behera
This study aims to minimize the mechanical, chemical and thermal damages on the blades of a compressor used in aerospace engines by developing a superhydrophobic coating on the blade surface. In the absence of any information in open literature for the fabrication of such coatings, an one-step plasma spray process was implemented. For this, a well mixed powder of Ni and Ti was used as feedstock material
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Material Model for Predicting Dynamic Response of Copper and Nickel at Very High Strain Rates Under Cold Spray Conditions J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Maryam Razavipour, Bertrand Jodoin
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High Rate Deposition in Cold Spray J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Ozan C. Ozdemir, Patricia Schwartz, Sinan Muftu, Forest C. Thompson, Grant A. Crawford, Aaron T. Nardi, Victor K. Champagne, Christian A. Widener
Industrialization of cold spray introduces concerns regarding the cost and time efficiency of cold spray procedures. In this work, high rate deposition of tantalum was studied computationally and experimentally. Quasi-1D multiphase fluid simulations predicted minimal effects on the bonding conditions of particles with 5% to 14% increase in powder-to-gas mass flow ratio. Experimental specimens were
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Metallization of Porous Polyethylene Using a Wire-Arc Spray Process for Heat Transfer Applications J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 S. Devaraj, A. McDonald, S. Chandra
Metallization of polyethylene (PE) using thermal spray techniques has proved difficult due to its low melting point and softness. In this study, metallic coatings were applied on porous polyethylene substrates using a twin wire-arc spray process. Commercially available polyethylene sheets, 3 mm in thickness, were used as substrates. Copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and zinc (Zn) were successfully deposited
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Wetting Behavior of Wear-Resistant WC-Co-Cr Cermet Coatings Produced by HVOF: The Role of Chemical Composition and Surface Roughness J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Pavel Komarov, David Jech, Serhii Tkachenko, Karel Slámečka, Karel Dvořák, Ladislav Čelko
Despite the existence of several methods for production of superhydrophobic coatings from various materials, their application in harsh environments is still a great challenge. In this work, WC-Co-Cr cermet coatings were prepared by means of high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying. WC particles dispersed in Co-Cr metallic matrix allowed to form the multi-scale surface roughness and thus to achieve hydrophobicity
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The FeCr-Based Coating by On-Site Twin-Wire Arc Spraying for Proactive Maintenance of Power Plant Components J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Chengwei Liu, Haifeng Lu, Enwei Qin, Lin Ye, Shuhui Wu
There is high demand for refurbishment of damaged mechanical components in power plants. Twin-wire arc spraying (TWAS) is promising for on-site proactive maintenance. In this paper, FeCr-based coating was prepared on AISI 1020 carbon steel substrate by TWAS. The coating microstructure was characterized in terms of porosity, oxides and constituent phases. The wear behavior of the coating was evaluated
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Quantitative Characterization of Carbide Loss and Correlation with Microstructure and Performance of Plasma-Sprayed NiCr-Cr 3 C 2 Metal Carbide Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Q. Liu, Y. B. Hu, N. J. Chong, Y. Bai, G. Z. Ma, Z. D. Li, M. Y. Bao, H. Zhan, R. J. Wang, Y. W. Sun, Y. Wang, Y. S. Ma
The aim of this work is to quantitatively describe the carbide loss during plasma deposition of metal carbide coatings and link it to the microstructure and performance of the as-sprayed coatings. To do this, a carbide loss index is defined. The results suggest that the microstructure and performance of such coatings can be tailored by controlling the content of carbides based on the proposed carbide
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On the Processing Feasibility, Microstructure Evolution, and Mechanical Properties of Laser Clad Stellite ® 21 Alloy J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Jeremy H. Rao, Nikki Stanford
Laser cladding is widely used for feature repair and manufacturing of large structural components. However, due to processing parameters and thus energy densities variation, defects can form in laser clad materials. There is a need to understand the relationship between energy densities and cladding quality. This study therefore investigates the critical parameters in producing structural Stellite®
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The Wettability and Corrosion Behaviors of CMAS on M-YTaO 4 at 1350 °C J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Fuxing Ye, Wenqi Yang, Shuai Yan, Jianxing Yu
CMAS corrosion is one of the significant failure mechanisms for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In this work, the corrosion behaviors and wettability of CMAS on M-YTaO4 at 1350 °C are studied to evaluate the M-YTaO4 ceramics’ potential to replace YSZ. The results show that the contact angles of CMAS on M-YTaO4 with different time (1 min, 0.5 h, 4 h, 10 h and 24 h) are around 14.3° (14.4°14.4°, 14
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Cold Gas Spraying of Nickel-Titanium Coatings for Protection Against Cavitation J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Georg Mauer, Karl-Heinz Rauwald, Yoo Jung Sohn, Thomas E. Weirich
Cavitation erosion is a sever wear mechanism that takes place in hydrodynamic systems. Examples are turbine vanes of hydropower plants or components of valves and pumps in hydraulic systems. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloys (NiTi) are attractive materials for cavitation-resistant coatings because of their pronounced intrinsic damping mitigating cavitation-induced erosion. In this work, NiTi coatings
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Changes in the Coating Composition Due to APS Process Conditions for Al 2 O 3 -Cr 2 O 3 -TiO 2 Ternary Powder Blends J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-12-16 Maximilian Grimm, Susan Conze, Lutz-Michael Berger, Gerd Paczkowski, Rico Drehmann, Thomas Lampke
Thermally sprayed coatings from the single oxides and binary compositions of the Al2O3-Cr2O3-TiO2 system show multifunctional properties. Ternary compositions are promising for further improvement in their performance. The stability of the composition during coating formation is an important issue for blended feedstock powders in order to obtain the desired properties. This work focuses on the compositional
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Depositing Aluminum onto PEKK Composites by Cold Spray J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 P. Feng, M. R. Rokni, S. R. Nutt
High-pressure cold spray (HP-CS) was used to deposit aluminum onto polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) composite substrates. Aluminum powders were sprayed using N2 and He carrier gas and a bond layer (BL) of commercial-purity Al (CP Al). Dense 7075 and CP Al deposits were achieved via combinations of BL-N2, 7075/BL-N2, and 7075/BL-He. Cold spray using 7075 Al particles or using He carrier gas yielded thinner
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Effect of Grit Blasting Parameters on Surface and Near-Surface Properties of Different Metal Alloys J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Tina Ghara, S. Paul, P. P. Bandyopadhyay
In thermal spray, grit blasting is the standard method used to prepare the substrate surface before coating deposition. This study examines the effect of the grit blasting parameters on the residual stresses, roughness and hardness of three metal alloys with widely different mechanical properties: low-carbon steel, Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718. It also estimates the density of dislocations using the Williamson–Hall
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Effect of Substrate Surface Texture Shapes on the Adhesion of Plasma-Sprayed Ni-Based Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-25 Xianghua Zhan, Yancong Liu, Peng Yi, Wenlong Feng, Zhihao Feng, Yanchao Jin
The bonding of thermal-sprayed coatings largely depends on the substrate surface morphology. This study examines the effect of the substrate surface texture shapes on the adhesion strength of coatings. For that, it used plasma-sprayed Ni-based MoS2 coatings deposited on grit-blasted and laser-textured surfaces, and investigated the coating bonding strength (ASTM 633 pull-off test), and cross-sectional
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Failure Mechanisms of APS-YSZ-CoNiCrAlY Thermal Barrier Coating Under Isothermal Oxidation and Solid Particle Erosion J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Samia K. Essa, Kuiying Chen, Rong Liu, Xijia Wu, Matthew X. Yao
The high-temperature oxidation and solid particle erosion of thermal barrier coating (TBC) system which consists of a 8 wt.% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) top coat and CoNiCrAlY bond coat deposited on Inconel 718 substrate via air plasma spraying (APS) process are studied experimentally. Isothermal oxidation tests of the APS-TBCs are conducted at 1050, 1100 and 1150 °C in air for up to
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Correction to: Residual Stress Distributions in Cold-Sprayed Copper 3D-Printed Parts J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Rebecca Sinclair-Adamson, Vladimir Luzin, Andrew Duguid, Krishnan Kannoorpatti, Rebecca Murray
In the introduction section, the last sentence of the first paragraph should be read as follows.
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Erosion Resistance Improvement of Polymer Matrix Composites by Detonation-Sprayed Multilayered Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Yongjing Cui, Changliang Wang, Zhihui Tang
Compared with their metal counterparts, the insufficient erosion resistance of polymer matrix composites (PMC) is a key issue for application in aero-engines. In this study, multilayered coatings were deposited on carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide polymer composites using detonation spraying to improve their erosion resistance. The coatings consisted of a polymer–aluminum mixed transition layer
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Bonding Mechanisms in Cold Spray: Influence of Surface Oxidation During Powder Storage J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Maryam Razavipour, Saeed Rahmati, Alejandro Zúñiga, Denise Criado, Bertrand Jodoin
Cold spray is a solid-state process in which solid particles are subjected to severe plastic deformation to form a coating. The effect of naturally occurring oxides on bonding in the cold spray was investigated in this work. Deposition characteristics of copper powder with different surface oxide thicknesses on steel substrate were examined using a local pull-off test. This enables the investigation
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Softening Behavior of Cold-Sprayed Aluminum-Based Coatings AA1200 and AA7075 During Annealing J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 K. Bobzin, W. Wietheger, J. Hebing, L. Gerdt
For lightweight constructions, joining dissimilar metals is often indispensable to achieve exceptional properties. A common challenge is the bonding of steel and aluminum parts. The use of cold-sprayed coatings as a bonding agent is an innovative approach for high pressure die casting (HPDC) aluminum-steel hybrid components in order to achieve a metallurgical bonding, although it comes with high requirements
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Isothermal and Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of HVOF-Sprayed NiCoCrAlY Coatings: Comparative Investigations on the Conventional and Nanostructured Coatings J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 F. Ghadami, A. Sabour Rouh Aghdam, S. Ghadami
Conventional and nanostructured NiCoCrAlY coatings were deposited using the high-velocity oxy-fuel thermal spraying technique. The nanostructured NiCoCrAlY powder feedstock for the coatings was produced by the ball-milling method. The microstructures of the as-received and nanostructured powders as well as their developed coatings were investigated by x-ray diffraction, a field-emission scanning electron
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Influence of MAX-Phase Deformability on Coating Formation by Cold Spraying J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-08 Andreas Elsenberg, Marco Busato, Frank Gärtner, Alexander List, Alessia Bruera, Giovanni Bolelli, Luca Lusvarghi, Thomas Klassen
As solid-state deposition technique avoiding oxidation, cold gas spraying is capable of retaining feedstock material properties in the coatings, but typically fails to build up coatings of brittle materials. Ceramic MAX phases show partial deformability in particular lattice directions and may thus successfully deposit in cold spraying. However, deformation mechanisms under high strain rate, as necessary
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Aerosol-Deposited BiVO 4 Photoelectrodes for Hydrogen Generation J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-08 Charline Wolpert, Thomas Emmler, Maria Villa Vidaller, Andreas Elsenberg, Kentaro Shinoda, Mauricio Schieda, Frank Gärtner, Jun Akedo, Thomas Klassen
Hydrogen generation from renewable energy sources will play a key role in the concerted endeavor to constrain climate change. One environmentally friendly route, powered by sunlight, is the photoelectrochemical water splitting cell (PEC). This technology employs electrodes coated with thin films of semiconductor materials to capture light and generate charge carriers that directly drive the water splitting
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Intermetallic Phase Evolution of Cold-Sprayed Ni-Ti Composite Coatings: Influence of As-Sprayed Chemical Composition J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-08 R. Nikbakht, H. Assadi, B. Jodoin
Owing to low-temperature deposition conditions and high deposition rate, cold spray offers unique advantages in manufacturing a wide variety of metallic and composite coatings including metal matrix composites produced from physically blended powders. One of the challenges of producing composite coatings using cold spray is the deviation of coatings composition from the blended feedstock powder composition
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Thermal-Sprayed Photocatalytic Coatings for Biocidal Applications: A Review J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 Yi Liu, Jing Huang, Xiaohua Feng, Hua Li
There have been ever-growing demands for disinfection of water and air in recent years. Efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective methods of disinfection for pathogens are vital to the health of human beings. The photocatalysis route has attracted worldwide attention due to its highly efficient oxidative capabilities and sustainable recycling, which can be used to realize the disinfection purposes
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Effect of the Corrosion of Seal Coatings Used in Aero Engines on Their High-Speed Wear Behaviour J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 Jiaping Zhang, Weihai Xue, Deli Duan, Shengli Jiang, Jia Song, Siyang Gao, Shu Li
As the number of aircraft that park in ocean environments increases, the corrosion of coatings used in their engines becomes inevitable. Previous studies have focussed on the abradability of as-sprayed seal coatings in high-speed rubbing tests with a blade. This study deals with the investigation of the effect of corrosion on the abradability of seal coatings. It uses metallographic analysis and hardness
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Thermal Swing Evaluation of Thermal Barrier Coatings for Diesel Engines J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 John C. Saputo, Gregory M. Smith, Hwasoo Lee, Sanjay Sampath, Eric Gingrich, Michael Tess
“Thermal swing” coatings have recently been of great interest to automotive researchers for their potential to insulate internal combustion engines, reduce cooling requirements, and increase their efficiency. Plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia, ceramics in the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system (cordierite, mullite, and steatite), and silicate-yttria-stabilized zirconia composite thermal barriers have been
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High-Temperature Cycling of Plasma Sprayed Multilayered NiCrAlY/YSZ/GZO/YAG Thermal Barrier Coatings Prepared from Liquid Feedstocks J. Therm. Spray Tech. (IF 2.522) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Radek Musalek, Tomas Tesar, Jan Medricky, Frantisek Lukac, Rogerio S. Lima
High-enthalpy hybrid water/argon-stabilized plasma (WSP-H) torch may be used for efficient deposition of coatings from dry powders, suspensions, and solutions. WSP-H torch was used to deposit two complete thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with multilayered top-coat. NiCrAlY was used as bond-coat and deposited on nickel-based superalloy substrates. Top-coat consisted of up to three sublayers: (i) yttria-stabilized
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