The performance of both ebullated bed H-Oil vacuum residue (VR) hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of vacuum gas oils (VGO) is interrelated. The increase of H-Oil unit reaction temperature maximizes VR conversion and augments the aromaticity and density of the hydrocracked heavy oils. The FCC of VGO blends that contain more aromatic H-Oil VGOs is featured by a lower VGO conversion. It

This work is aimed to investigate the effect of CO2/CH4 solvent and N2/CH4 solvent injection on phase behaviors of condensate in DZT reservoir. The results indicate that CO2/CH4 flooding is vaporizing-gas drive when the mole fraction of CO2 is below 0.8, and it becomes condensing-gas drive with the mole fraction of CO2 greater than 0.8. To lower the minimum miscible pressure of multiple contact miscibility

The average total organic carbon (TOC) content of Chang 91 source rocks is 4.85%, and the main kerogen type is II1, and the average pyrolysis peak temperature is 452 °C in Zhidan-Ansai area, Ordos Basin. These show that Chang 91 source rocks have reached good to excellent level and peak hydrocarbon generation stage. Chang 91 source rocks were formed in semi-deep lacustrine sedimentary environments

Steam injection is attracting a considerable interest in terms of EOR. In this work the oil-saturated sandstones and their extracts (Ashalcha field) were subjected to hydrothermal heating in the presence of iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles in an autoclave at a 200 °C and 250 °C for 24 hours. SARA analysis revealed that the destruction of resins and asphaltenes is observed after thermo-catalytic treatment

Methane steam reforming (MSR) reaction is a promising industrial hydrogen production technology. In this study, the impregnation method was deployed to prepare mono Co and Co-based bimetallic catalysts loaded on CeO2 nanoparticles as the catalysts for MSR. Results show that the improved Co-based bimetallic catalysts have good performance compared to the mono one. The best catalyst sample was Co-Ni/CeO2

In thermal de-asphalting procedure, where asphaltene particles are aggregated through heating crude oil at an elevated temperature, predicting the asphaltene particles’ diameter is of major importance. In this study, thermal de-asphalting process is modeled using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system by considering isolating temperature, crude oil API and asphaltene content as inputs to predict asphaltene

Accurate knowledge about vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and phase behavior of impure carbon dioxide has noticeable effect on designing carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) processes. In the current work, a novel computational method namely least square support vector machine (LSSVM) was used to predict VLE of binary system of carbon dioxide with nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and argon. To this end

H-ZSM-5, H-IM-5, and H-IM-5(DS) zeolites were synthesized as highly active and shape selective catalysts for the alkylation of benzene with methanol. The samples were characterized by N2-adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, TEM, NH3-TPD, and Py-FTIR. The benzene conversion and xylene selectivity were in the same order H-IM-5(DS) > H-IM-5 > H-ZSM-5, while the toluene selectivity was in the reverse order

A natural hydrogen donor, i.e., a subfraction of the coker gas oil, was used in thermal upgrading of the Venezuela extra-heavy oil. The role of hydrogen donor was quantitatively studied by a combination of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The hydrogen donation was clearly evidenced and reliably evaluated by comparing the experimental and calculated thermal parameters

The adsorption of Acid Red 10B from aqueous solution has been studied in a fixed bed adsorber using raw and activated petroleum coke as an adsorbent. The activation of the petroleum coke was done with different impregnation ratios of petroleum coke with KOH, activation time and activation temperature to find the best activation condition. The activated petroleum coke is used for the fixed bed adsorption

The naphthenic acids (NAs) present in the crude oil can lead to the corrosion problems in oil refinery equipment apart from reduces the performances of the oil. In this study, the method to remove NA were done by means of extraction using sodium thiocyanate in ethanol with the aid of Ni/Ca/Al2O3 and Ni/Ce/Al2O3 catalysts at 27 °C reaction temperature. The catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness

Carbonium ion can be generated easier when low-carbon alcohols are added to hydrocracking tail oil, which initiate the cracking reaction of macromolecular n-paraffin. So the yield of lube oil base oil increases, while that of paraffin decreases, but the total yield of the two products increases. When the low-carbon alcohol is added to the raw oil for non-hydrodewaxing reaction of hydrocracking tail

According to the current situation of the W5 fault block, it is necessary to carry out the surface-active polymer flooding. By physical simulation, the optimal concentration is 1000 mg/L, the optimal slug size is 0.3PV, and the earlier the injection opportunity, the slower the injection rate, the higher the recovery rate. By numerical simulation, the recovery rate of the optimal scheme is 27.2%. Compared

To investigate the effect of bitumen physicochemical and thermodynamic parameters on its cohesive properties, 9 asphalt binders from different refineries were used. Chemical constituents, molecular weight distribution as well as thermodynamic parameters of asphalt were obtained. Peel test was applied to evaluate the cohesive properties within bitumen. The relationship between these parameters was investigated

Sasobit is an additive to produce asphalt mixes suitable for the use at lower construction temperatures without sacrificing the mix properties. However, Sasobit damages the time–temperature superposition principle (TTSP) of asphalt. Therefore, it is difficult to characterize the constitutive equation of Sasobit-modified asphalt. This study has modeled the rheological response of Sasobit-modified bitumen

A series of NiO–MoO3 promoted Pt/ZrO2–TiO2–Al2O3 catalysts were investigated in the cracking reactions of n-decane under supercritical conditions. The results show that the addition of NiO could facilitate the formation of strong acid sites, which are contributed to improving the cracking performance. The catalyst with 6.0 wt.% NiO shows the highest catalytic cracking activity among all catalysts,

Type I and II kerogens, isolated from outcrop shales in the Songliao Basin, were performed a programed sealed-heating kinetic process. Both carbon isotope values of pyrolysis-residual kerogens and those of asphaltene extractions present gradual enrichments dependence on increasing Easy %Ro and biomarker maturity ratios. The carbon isotope (δ13C) values are used for the first time to analyze a close

The stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of light crude oils from deep reservoirs of Cambrian-Ordovician strata in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin, NW China were investigated. The δ13C and δD values determined from the oil samples ranged from −32.94 to −29.53‰ and −121.36 to −87.78‰, respectively. A positive correlation exists between δ13Coil and δDoil when the δ13Coil < −31.15‰, while a negative correlation

The effects of process conditions: temperature of 478–503 (K), pressure of 1.5–2.5 (MPa) and space velocity (SV) of 1–22.5 (NL gcat-1h-1) on Fischer-Tropsch product distribution were studied by using a 1-L stirred tank slurry reactor and a 0.48% Re–25% Co/Al2O3 catalyst . Response surface methodology was applied to investigate the effects of operating variables and optimization of reaction conditions

Composition and solubility of asphaltenes from various oil fields have been compared. The structural group abundance in the asphaltenes have been determined according to Fourier transform infrared spectra, while the contents of sulfur, vanadium, nickel, vanadyl complexes, and free stable radicals has been evaluated using various methods. The solubility of asphaltenes in the n-heptane-toluene system

The focus of this work was to investigate the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of heavy oil and its low temperature oxidation products by TG/DSC techniques. The results indicated that coke had similar reaction paths and sequences during pyrolysis and combustion process. The pyrolysis of samples mainly showed endothermic effect, while two major exothermic stages (LTO and HTO) were obviously identified

Aiming at the problem of natural gas hydrate blockage inside oil and gas pipelines, the key to reasonably suppress the formation of hydrates in pipelines is to find the factors that cause the hydrates to coalesce quickly. Since carbonates and silicon-containing substances are the main components of impurities in mining, the formation of methane hydrate has been studied. The emulsion was formulated

This study focuses on asphaltene deposition and permeability impairment in shale oil reservoirs during CO2 huff-n-puff process. Four different huff-n-puff cycles, two oil samples and five different injection pressures were applied in this study. The results showed that the asphaltene deposed the most in the first cycle. The permeability reduced by 30.2%, 50.25%, and 58.31% after the first, third, and

Xihu anticline is an oil-bearing structure in Sikeshu sag located in the southern margin of Junggar Basin. Great exploration prospect can be seen for the oil and gas show up to 100 m in Qigu Formation of Jurassic. Well Xihu 1 is the first drilling layer for its deep buried depth of Jurassic layers in Xihu anticline. The whole-hydrocarbon geochemical method is used to analyze the composition and carbon

In order to establish the distribution pattern of fine-grained sedimentary rocks and clarify the coupling relationship between lacustrine organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks and tight oil reservoir, the Chang7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong area was taken as an example to be studied by core description and log interpretation, gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass

In this paper, the gas composition and isotopic characteristics of the tight sandstone of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the western Sichuan depression were analyzed, and the origin of hydrocarbon gas, rare gas and CO2 in natural gas were determined. The hydrocarbon gas content in the tight sandstone gas of the Xujiahe Formation is the highest, ranging from 96.43% to 99.44 vol.%, while the

There are many hydrocarbon generation sags around Dishuiquan Oilfield, such as Dishuiquan Sag, Dongdaohaizi Sag, Wucaiwan Sag, etc. But there is no result which hydrocarbon generation sag the Jurassic oil of Dishuiquan Oilfield is sourced from. Through comparisons on carbon isotopes, sterane distributions and maturities of source rocks and crude oil, the result shows that the geochemical characteristics

Identification of hydrocarbons in spent lubrication oil was carried out to establish it as valuable petrochemical feedstock. Spent oil, was collected mixed with water and fractionated under a controlled distillation set-up at 170 °C. Distillate and residue products were analyzed using GC-MS spectrometry method. Recovered products were predominantly aromatic compounds in the carbon range less than C20

Using the chromatography-mass spectrometric method of analysis the group hydrocarbon compositions of straight-run and hydro-dewaxed diesel fractions have been determined. The effects of hydrocarbons on the physicochemical and operational properties of the fractions were analyzed and compared with the requirements of the standard for winter diesel fuels. The molecular-mass distribution of normal paraffin

This paper examined the wax deposition of gas-liquid intermittent flow in a flow-loop apparatus. In the study, increases in gas superficial velocity have been observed to result in decreases in the deposit mass. While the increases in liquid superficial velocity have been observed to result in increases first, then decreases. The deposit distributes along the pipe circumference, at first, the top is

Re-refining of used lubricating oil has appeared as a valuable technique to re-refining of used engine and industrial oils. This paper focused on the vacuum distillation thin wiped film evaporation technique of used lubricating oil recycling. The whole process consists of dehydration, gas oil evaporation, thin wiped film evaporation and clay treatment. The produced base oils are in group I through

Use of waste bio-oil as a polymer modified asphalt (PMA) component is an effective approach to solve the related pollution problem because of tremendous consumption of asphalt binders. In this article, a bio-oil is used as softening and compatibility agent for high content SBS modified asphalt. The effect is given and is compared with that of aromatic oil. The results in this work reveal bio-oil is

This study is aimed to investigate the effect of polymer nanocomposite of Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene and Nanoclay on rheological behavior of asphalt binder. Therefore, the dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer were used to determine the characteristics of control and modified asphalt binder at moderate, high and low temperatures. The results indicate that the use of nanocomposite

In order to investigate the influence of calcium sulfate whisker (CSW) on the high temperature performance of asphalt binder, two types of CSW, calcium sulfate hemihydrates whisker (HCSW) and calcium sulfate anhydrous whisker (ACSW), were used. The rheological properties and thermal stability performance of CSW modified asphalt were studied using Dynamic shear rheomter (DSR) and Thermogravimetric (TG)

This study aims to investigate the effect of using Nano Hydrated Lime (NHL) as asphalt binder modifier on the moisture sensitivity of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) with consideration of its impact mechanism on bituminous-aggregate adhesion. In order to investigate the moisture susceptibility, the indirect tensile strength (ITS) test and the concepts of surface free energy (SFE) have been applied. To simulate

This study is aimed at reducing NOx, Smoke, HC, CO emissions from single-cylinder, four-stroke, and water cooled diesel engine. The research engine is fueled with diesel and two blends of butanol and diesel at atmospheric conditions. Neat diesel is termed as D100, 10%, and 20% Volume of butanol dispersed in D100 is termed as D90B10 and D80B20 respectively. The chemical and physical properties of D100

(2020). Statement of retraction. Petroleum Science and Technology. Ahead of Print.

(2020). Statement of Retraction. Petroleum Science and Technology. Ahead of Print.

One of the main challenges in the surfactant flooding process, used as a chemical based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method, is the surfactant adsorption phenomenon. This paper highlights the adsorption equilibrium of Morus nigra leaf extract in aqueous solutions as a newly introduced cationic biosurfactant on carbonate minerals. A conductivity technique utilized to assess the adsorption of the surfactant

Study of two unused transformer oils was carried out by determining the thermo-acoustical parameters employing ultrasonic interferometer. The two transformer oils studied were of the year 1997 and 2017 make. The density measurement was carried out on the two oil samples at varied temperatures. The ultrasonic velocity for two different transformer oil samples in the temperature range of ambient to 343

Catalytic reforming in the presence of metal-acid bifunctional catalysts is a widely used reaction in refinery industry to improve some properties of products like temperature performance of diesel and octane number of gasoline. So the ability of the prediction of Iso-C7 selectivity during n-heptane hyroconversion is a key issue. In this study, a data set which was collected from previous publications

The study of the mechanism of endogenous microbial flooding in the reservoir, this paper analyzed the effect of microbial and its product on the stability of paraffin wax using Geobacillus stearothermophilu isolated from wells. GC-MS was adopted to investigate the degradation of crude oil by emulsified bacteria. A simulated reservoir environment created by micro-visualized two-dimensional glass model

The rheological behavior and start-up characteristic of heavy oil emulsions for shutdown pipeline have been studied. To illustrate the properties, we examined the relationship between start-up stress and apparent viscosity. The oil–water ratio, surfactant concentration, start-up temperature and constant shear rates on start-up maximum stress were investigated and a new start-up pressure model was established

The degree of emulsification of oil-water is the main influencing factor for the steady apparent viscosity of water/waxy crude oil emulsions. The steady apparent viscosity of the emulsion gradually increases with the increase of the stirring rate, and gradually increases first with the increase of the stirring time and then remains unchanged. A conditional parameter relationship for describing the

Like other heavy oils, asphaltene is comprised of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and a small amount of vanadium and nickel. Polyethylene is the most common plastic that consists of high molecular weight hydrocarbons. Since this compound is a very good electrical insulator, it is widely used in the electricity industry. Gasification of asphaltene and polyethylene has not been extensively

We report the first use of NiO, Fe3O4, TiO2, and Co3O4 nanoparticles as surfaces for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry of asphaltenes. Higher signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) for asphaltene species were observed using NiO and Fe3O4 nanoparticles for SALDI as compared to LDI, where both surfaces consistently provided 2- to 3-fold improved S/Ns. The new SALDI detection