In this work, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes reinforced copper matrix composites were prepared through a series of preparation processes including ultrasonic and nitrogen-assisted mixing, electroless Nickel–Copper bilayers plating, hot extrusion and cold drawing. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composites were enhanced with the increase of MWCNTs. The Cu matrix composites enhanced

Creep damage is governed by different microstructural features (e.g. precipitate coarsening, substructure growth, cavity/crack nucleation and growth) during long term high temperature exposure in 9–12%Cr steels. The dependences of stress states (e.g. equivalent stress and stress tri-axiality) on these damage mechanisms are clarified in this work. Various stress states are produced in FB2 steel notched

The influence of Cr doping for Mn on the structural, martensitic transformation and mechanical properties of Ni43Co5Mn44-xCrxSn8 (x = 0, 1.5, 3, 5, 6 and 6.5) alloys has been systematically investigated. The replacement of Mn by Cr changed the alloy microstructure from a single-phase martensite to a refined eutectic dual-phase microstructure consisting of a martensitic/austenitic matrix and a γ phase

The effects of Hf addition on defects and mechanical properties of the “hard-to-weld” superalloy IN738LC manufactured by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process were studied. The addition of Hf inhibits cracking in SLMed IN738LC. Cracking free and low porosity IN738LC parts were obtained in a wide range of process parameters. The study shows that the cracks were refilled by Hf-riched melt and the relative

To investigate the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of DRTMCs with network microstructure during the rolling deformation, the TiB whiskers reinforced Ti-6.5Al–2Zr–1Mo–1V (TA15) composites (TiBw/TA15) with the addition of silicon element and different TiB volume fractions were successfully fabricated by hot pressing sintering and rolled in the α+β region. Compared with the as-sintered

Simultaneously achieving homogeneous dispersion and appropriate interfacial adhesion is the foremost concern for designing high-performance carbon nanotube (CNT)/Al matrix composites. Herein, a strategy for surface modification was developed to fabricate uniform CNT/Al composites with enhanced interfacial strength. Small quantities of Al2O3 nanoparticles were locally adhered to the surface of functionalized

The influence of heat treatment on mechanical properties of austenitic NiTi alloys during impact loading is studied in this paper. Hot-rolled rod samples were annealed at 800 °C for 5 h to obtain homogenized texture. After homogenization, samples were aged at 500 °C and 550 °C for 1–4.5 h. Fine and/or coarse Ni4Ti3 precipitates disperse homogeneously or heterogeneously in grain interior and at grain

To improve the mechanical properties of Nb–Si alloy, the influence of C addition on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Nb–16Si–24Ti based alloys is studied. Results show that with the C content increase, the microstructure of Nb–16Si–24Ti-xC transforms from hypoeutectic structure to nearly eutectic structure, and the phase constitutions transform from Nbss + (Nb, Ti)3Si to Nbss + γ-(Nb

Cryogenic treatment is an effective method that can improve the material's performance by changing the microstructure, such as shrinking the crystal lattice. It is usually used in combination with the annealing treatment of the material. In this article, the effects of cryogenic and annealing treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TA15 friction stir welded joints are investigated

A new strategy for the fabrication of γ-Al2O3/Al composites by controlled oxidation method was proposed to regulate Al2O3 content. The content of formed nano-sized γ-Al2O3 increased with prolonging the stepwise oxidation time. Accordingly, the tensile strength of 7.86 vol% γ-Al2O3/Al composite gradually raised from 118 MPa (pure Al) to 385 MPa.

In the present research, AISI 420 stainless steel (420SS) samples were fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. The microstructure, grain morphology, crystallographic texture, and mechanical properties of the 420SS deposits were evaluated in both as-printed and heat-treated conditions. In the as-printed condition, the melting pool boundaries were formed, and the martensite laths and

Creep experiments on a rapidly solidified Al-8.5 wt% Fe-1.3 wt% V-1.7 wt% Si alloy (FVS0812) suggest that it exhibits similar or superior deformation resistance compared to other high temperature Al alloys. However, aging at 798 K for 200 hours resulted in severe loss of creep strength. Stress reduction results show that FVS0812 exhibits similar creep characteristics to those of other dispersion-strengthened

The influence of cold rolling on the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of pure tungsten was investigated. For that tungsten sheets with three different thicknesses (2 mm, 1mm and 100 μm) corresponding to different degrees of deformation were selected to prepare compact-tension (CT) and single edge notched tension (SENT) specimens. To account for orientation influences the crack propagation direction

Cyclic loading/unloading non-closure hysteresis behavior of fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) are investigated. Variable matrix fragmentation density upon loading/unloading is considered and incorporated into the micromechanical hysteresis loops models. Relationships between non-closure hysteresis loops, inverse tangent modulus, and interface counter slip/new slip ratio are established

The crystal deformation behavior of the micro tube was investigated to clarify the crystal orientation, which suppressed the development of the inner surface roughness during the hollow sinking. Stainless steel tubes with an outer diameter of 1.50 mm and a wall thickness of 0.045 mm were drawn without an inner tool. The inner surface roughness and crystal orientation were examined using the same measurement

Cross rolling followed by intercritical annealing was proposed as an alternative route for processing of dual phase (DP) steels, which led to fine recrystallized ferrite grain size and uniformly distributed martensite islands. Accordingly, the processed low-carbon steel showed better strength-ductility trade off, higher hardness, and greater work-hardening exponent.

Magnesium matrix nanocomposites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) additives have long been considered as exciting prospects among nanotechnology applications. Here, the thixomolding process, an extremely efficient dispersing technology, was applied to prepare AZ91D magnesium alloy- GNPs nanocomposites with different GNPs contents (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 wt%). The effects of screw

The effect of strain during uniaxial compression on mechanical behavior of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy produced by blended elemental powder metallurgy and containing a metastable β matrix with ~0.1 fraction of α phase was investigated. A detailed scanning transmission electron microscopy study revealed the initiation of slip and deformation-induced α′′ martensite and ωD formation at the beginning of plastic

The detailed evolution of microstructure and texture of a low-Ni Cr–Mn–N austenitic stainless steel under bending deformation was studied. The effect of austenite grain orientation on the deformation-induced transformation and deformation twinning mechanisms was investigated in selected grains of analogous orientation located near the outer and inner radius, where distinct deformation mechanisms have

Ordered pore topological structures (OPTS) provide various features such as biodegradability, cell proliferation, and matching mechanical property for bone tissue repair and ingrowth at a single platform. Therefore, the demand for OPTS have shown an unexpected rise in the field of biomedical due to trauma, deformity, and aging population, etc. Moreover, these OPTS have found widespread applications

This paper presents an experimental characterisation of fatigue at welded connections for the next-generation high-strength low-alloy offshore riser steel, X100Q. An instrumented girth weld is conducted with a parallel programme of physical-thermal simulation (Gleeble) to develop heat affected zone (HAZ) test specimens. X100Q is shown to exhibit superior fatigue performance to the current state of

The shear deformation and fracture behaviors of ZrxTi65-xBe27.5Cu7.5 metallic glasses (MGs) were systematically investigated in the range x = 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 at% under multi-axial loading mode by small punch test (SPT). Results show that enhanced plasticity can be obtained in MGs with composition ranging from 30 to 45 Zr at%, which is attributed to the large free volume dependent on their

Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of prior cold rolling and subsequent heat treatment on the microstructure, phase evolution and mechanical properties of an Fe–10Ni–7Mn martensitic steel. The results show that 70% cold rolling leads to deformation-induced austenite formation in the microstructure and reduces the size of the martensite blocks. Prior cold rolling increases the reversed

Room- and cryogenic-temperature compressive properties for the three V10Cr10Co30FexNi50-x (x = 40, 45, 50) high entropy alloys are investigated under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. The face-centered cubic (FCC) stability, which is estimated by the calculation of Gibbs free energy difference between FCC and body-centered cubic (BCC) phases, decreases in increasing order of Fe content.

Constrained groove pressing (CGP) is a novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) method suitable for fabricating ultra-fine grained (UFG) sheet metals. In this work, two passes of CGP were conducted to AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets at 523 K, and three routes including traditional CGP, 180° cross-CGP and 90° cross-CGP were employed to investigate the effects of pressing number and strain path on microstructure

Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) is one of the most important manufacturing processes to improve the performance of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloys produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), which can effectively reduce the pores and cracks in the LPBF alloys. However, there are limited studies on the effects of tuning HIP parameters on the LPBF alloys microstructure and mechanical performance

Microstructure evolution, texture and shape memory properties of the martensitic Ti−16Nb (at.%) alloy subjected to cold rolling and post deformation annealing were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and Schmid factor analyses. The present alloy deforms mainly by twinning of the {111}o type I or its conjugate, the 211o type II twins along

The In-48Sn eutectic alloy has emerged as a favorable solder for flexible electronic devices, owing to its low operating temperature. However, the low strength of In-48Sn eutectic alloy compared with that of other commercial solders affects the product life and limits its use in the device applications. Herein, we studied the effects of xCu addition (x = 1.0, 2.0, and 8.0 wt. %) on melting temperature

The effects of carbon nanotube aspect ratio (R) on mechanical properties of CNT/Al composites containing 0-2.0 wt.% CNTs are studied. The optimum carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum (Al) composites are fabricated at 580 oC for 1 h under 60 MPa, and subsequently hot extruded at 480 oC. CNT addition within 0.5 wt.% can increase the strength significantly without plasticity loss, which overcomes

In this study, hypoeutectic and eutectic Al–Si alloys were processed through rolling and friction stir processing (FSP), and the effects of deformation routes on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–Si alloys were studied. FSP led to the fragmentation and uniform distribution of Si phases in the Al matrix and then eliminated the preferential crack propagation channels of Al–Si alloys

Ti2AlNb superalloy consisting of O-phase and B-phase often exhibits deformation heterogeneity and incompatibility due to the mechanical characteristics of phases. To study the size and distribution effects of the O-phase on the fracture properties of Ti2AlNb superalloy, three types of material with different O-phase sizes and distributions were prepared through heat treatments, and the tensile properties

The mechanical response of a commercial aluminum alloy, AA7085, was examined using slow strain rate testing in dry air and humid air at 70 °C. These tests and fractographic observations confirmed that the alloy suffered from hydrogen embrittlement when exposed to humid air. Crack initiation was studied in both environments to evaluate the effect of humidity on crack nucleation. Observations from both

( ) Research on the diffusion bonding of ( ) similar joints of zirconium (Zr) alloys is limited as compared to that on the diffusion bonding of ( ) dissimilar joints. The similar Zr alloys are difficult to bond together owing to its high melting point; however, an added interlayer can solve this problem. This study demonstrated the successful vacuum diffusion bonding of the Zr-2.5Nb (Zr705) alloy with

The microstructure, texture, tensile strength, and corrosion behavior of Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy at different annealing temperatures were investigated using SEM, TEM, XRD, and dual potentiostat techniques. Results show that in the process of alloy homogenization annealing, the Al–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy is able to precipitate spherical particles of Al3(Sc, Zr) with a diameter of about 10 nm and a lattice constant

It is widely recognized that rolling Mg alloys is difficult due to their poor ductility. Conventional rolling of Mg alloys often needs to be conducted at high temperatures with multi-pass small thickness reduction, and the strong basal texture often leads to poor ductility and plate cracking. Herein, we conducted a single-pass high-reduction rolling (SPHRR) on AZ91 alloy after pre-homogenization (PH)

The 2195 aluminum alloy has been widely utilized in the aerospace field, of which dynamic recrystallization microstructures have a substantial effect on the mechanical properties of aerospace parts. In this study, 2195 aluminum alloy was compressed at 300–520 °C using a Gleeble 3500-GTC thermo-mechanical testing system. The discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) and continuous dynamic recrystallization

To overcome the scale-down dilemma of solder-based microbumps, copper-to-copper direct bonding has emerged to be one of the most promising approaches to replace solder joints in the high-end packaging technology. However, the bonding interface remains as bonding temperature is below 300 °C. We use highly <111>-orientated nanotwinned Cu films in the direct bonding due to its ability to transform into

In order to further strengthen TiB whiskers reinforced Ti6Al4V (TiBw/Ti6Al4V) composites with a network microstructure, tungsten inert gas (TIG) remelting was performed on the composites with different reinforcement volume fractions to tune microstructure. The results showed that the size of network unit and TiB whisker reinforcement of the composites were significantly refined from 150 μm to 20 μm

In-depth understanding of the impact mechanism of nitrogen on tempering behavior of hot-working die steel is still limited. In present work, the microstructural evolution and mechanical property change of new nitrogen-alloyed Cr-Mo-V hot-working die steel during long-term tempering were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), eletron

Aging is an important heat treatment process for maraging stainless steel. During aging, the interaction between intermetallic compounds and dislocations has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the material. In this article, the effect of aging temperature on the precipitation behavior and mechanical properties of Fe–Cr–Ni maraging stainless steel was studied by means of a three-dimensional

Friction stir welding (FSW) is being considered as a potential repair welding technique for various engineering applications. In this study, an effort was made to explore the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties in FSWed 304L stainless steel (SS) plates. An in-house developed weld temperature control algorithm was used during FSW of 304L SS plates. FSW was performed at two different

Hybrid aluminum matrix composites are appealing in the aviation, aerospace and automotive industries and have the potential to substitute single reinforced composites due to their enhanced comprehensive properties. In the present work, 6061 Al matrix composite hybrids reinforced with SiC and stainless steel particles were prepared to improve the strength and ductility by the powder metallurgy method

During a process development trial, two identical structural automotive parts were formed from a rolled sheet of commercial 6082 Al alloy by Hot Form Quench (HFQ). The rapid transitional contact between the sheet and the die set during die closing imposed a range of complex cooling histories on different locations in the parts. After in-die quenching, one HFQ part was naturally aged at room temperature

To understand the effects of precipitate on the deformation mechanisms and plastic heterogeneity of a cast Mg–11Y-5Gd-2Zn-0.5Zr (wt.%) alloy, quantitative comparison studies were performed on the solid solution (T4) and peak-aged (T6) samples during room temperature compression based on slip trace analysis and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. At 10% plastic strain: no twins were observed

In this study, laboratory-scale Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests were conducted on commercial armor plates composed of 2139 and 7056 Al alloys to investigate their dynamic compressive properties in relation to adiabatic shear band (ASB) formation. The results were then correlated to those of the ballistic performance as measured from V50 ballistic impact tests. In the SHPB tests, the 2139

A new approach to improve the damping capacity and mechanical properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy at the same time is discovered by introducing the β1′ (MgZn2) precipitates. The β1′ precipitates are formed in the alloy experienced solution treatment and subsequent aging at 140 °C for 18 h in this study. The synchronous improvement in mechanical and damping properties of the alloy is mainly due to the

Low-cost Si was added to Mg-8Gd-4Y-1Nd alloys to improve their ductility. With the Si increased from 0 to 1.0 wt %, the elongation increased from 8.7% to 17.1% for as-extruded Mg-8Gd-4Y-1Nd alloys. Microstructures results indicated that the formation of GdSi and Y5Si3 intermetallic phases increased significantly with the Si addition, which was shown to promote the random orientation of grain structures

Here we reveal and discuss the relationship among microstructures, textures, and mechanical behaviors of Al0.1CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys (HEAs) after cold rolling and annealing. The initially coarsen grains display profuse lamellar-structured slip bands upon cold rolling to 50% reduction with mostly extending vertically to the rolling direction. Meanwhile, cold rolling facilitates the evolutions

In recent years, a low magnetic and fully dense Zr-1Mo(wt%) part was successfully manufactured via the laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF) process, which shows the great potential as metallic biomaterials under the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) environment. However, due to the high cooling rate after laser incident during the L-PBF process, the as-fabricated Zr-1Mo part consists of a non-equilibrium α’

There is considerable research interest in developing medium Mn steels as part of the 3rd generation of advanced high strength steels, mainly due to the possibility to achieve high tensile strength-high ductility combination at an affordable cost. In the present work, we have designed a steel chemistry and its thermomechanical processing route based on a computational approach based on CALPHAD with

Free-standing nanocrystalline (NC) nickel-phosphorous (Ni–P) alloy foils with P content in the range of 0.2–5.0 wt percent are synthesized by pulsed electrodeposition technique. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of P content on the hardness and microstructural evolution in Ni–P alloys during both electrodeposition and thermal treatment. The microstructure, hardness and thermal

Inconel 718 (IN718) superalloy is a well-established material for the application of aircraft engine and power generator due to its excellent performance at high temperatures. The outstanding mechanical properties of IN718 are largely determined by the precipitates. Here, we investigated the precipitation behaviors and the corresponding mechanical properties of the heat-treated gradient IN718 alloy

Severely segregated Al2Cu coarse second-phase particles (CSPPs) and uneven mechanical properties are the main problems in the manufacturing process of 2219 aluminum alloy large rings. A new method for the control of the three-dimensional mechanical properties (TDMPs) of the rings is proposed in the present study. The evolution law of the Al2Cu particles and the regulation mechanism of the TDMPs were

In this study, brazing of Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy to FGH98 superalloy was achieved using a BNi-2 filler metal. The microstructure of the Al0.3CoCrFeNi/FGH98 joint was examined, and mechanical properties of the joints brazed at different brazing temperatures were evaluated. During the brazing process, boron diffused from the filler alloy into the Al0.3CoCrFeNi substrate, and mainly reacted with

Resistance spot welds of dual phase (DP) steels are prone to low fracture toughness due to the formation of brittle martensitic structure in the fusion zone (FZ). In-process tempering of martensite via applying second pulse current is considered a new pathway to improve mechanical performance of the welds. The success of in-process tempering depends upon precise controlling the amount of heat input

To investigate the effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon steel weldments, 0.4% carbon steels with different chromium and titanium contents were fabricated by melting and hot-rolling for friction stir welding (FSW). The microstructures in the stir zones of friction stir welded (FSWed) medium-carbon steels without chromium, with 1% chromium and 4%