Abstract 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), one of the key building block for replacing petroleum-derived tereph-thalic acid, is utilized as the source of bioplastics, pharmaceuticals. Herein, free-standing Cu(OH)2 and CuO nanowires as electrode were examined to disclose the effects of crystal structure and chemical formation based on copper oxide in electrocatalytic 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation

Abstract Bio-inspired micro- and nanostructures are emerging as novel dry adhesives owing to their high aspect ratio micropillar structure, resulting in collective van der Waals attraction between the adhesive and the substrate. Specifically, gecko-inspired structures exhibit great adhesive properties on smooth surfaces; however, the pull-off strength of micropillars in gecko-inspired surfaces can

Abstract 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol (CDNR) is detrimental to the environment and human health owing to its high toxicity and poor biodegradability. To demonstrate the feasibility of photocatalytic degradation of CDNR from industrial salty wastewater by borosilicate glass supported TiO2 under UV light irradiation, borosilicate glass supported TiO2 was prepared successfully by a novel sol-gel route

Abstract The present work describes the electroless deposition of Ni nanoparticles on micron sized (10 μm) boron carbide particles at room temperature. The weight of the boron carbide particles varied in relation to the other parameters during electroless deposition. A uniform and continuous nanolayer of Ni nanoparticles changed into a discontinuous layer, with irregular distribution and insignificant

Abstract Mesoporous Cr2O3 microspheres with improved pore structure were prepared by spray pyrolysis method. A precursor solution was nebulized into fine droplets containing chromium salt and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which were then pyrolyzed to Cr2O3/Cx microspheres inside a tubular furnace, followed by post-heat treatment to eliminate the carbonaceous material. The produced Cr2O3 particles

Abstract The thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of pine needles over HBeta catalysts with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios (25 and 300) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. TGA showed that the main decomposition of pine needles occurred between 150 and 550 °C. The catalytic DTG curves revealed the same decomposition temperature region as

Abstract A modified group-contribution PC-SAFT EoS combined with the Free-volume theory (FVT), recently proposed (DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2019.112280) to simultaneously model the fluid phase equilibria and viscosity of fluids, is extended in this work to estimate the viscosity of 1-alkenes. Generalized correlation coefficients are proposed for the FVT triplet parameter set, which makes

Abstract UiO-66 and Cu3(BTC)2, two well-known metal organic frameworks (MOFs), were aminated through insitu modification approach to improve CO2/N2 separation. UiO-66 was synthesized by solvothermal method, while Cu3(BTC)2 was synthesized with two electrochemical and solvothermal approaches for the sake of comparison. NH2-UiO-66 structure was optimized by evaluating the effect of key parameters, such

Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass, which is one of the most abundant and renewable sources for the production of clean fuels and chemicals, consists mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The conversion of cellulose and hemi-cellulose to value added products has been extensively carried out over the last few decades. However, the direct conversion of lignin, the second most abundant aromatic

Abstract Membrane fouling is the main bottleneck that hinders the applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). 4,5-Dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT), as an environmentally-acceptable antifouling biocide, was mixed with Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to fabricate hollow fiber membrane via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS), which was able to effectively improve the antifouling

Abstract Novel sunflower torus-like magnesium hydroxide (MH) microsphere particles were prepared by a facile one-step, self-assembly method. The synthesized products and the mechanism of adsorption of samples of the anthraquinone dyes reactive blue 19 (RB19) and alizarin red S (ARS) were analyzed by different modern characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron

Abstract This paper reports the results of using multiple-ring microchannels for enhancing liquid-liquid extraction performance. The effects of geometrical parameters including ring and distance characteristics on the extraction efficiency were studied. The mass transfer performance was analyzed using Water + Alizarin Red S+1-octanol system. By change in geometrical parameters, the extraction efficiency

Abstract ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) is a natural antimicrobial cationic peptide. Antimicrobial activity of ε-PL is closely related to its molecular weight (Mw). However, the antimicrobial mechanisms of ε-PL with different Mws are still vague. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as the model system to analyze the mechanism from these three aspects: cell wall, cell membrane, and metabolism.

Abstract Carbon capture efficiency of membrane gas absorption was improved using a nearly superhydrophobic membrane. This membrane, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, was blended with TiO2 nanoparticles and post-modified with octadecyltrichloro silane to reduce wetting. Wetting reduction is important to minimize mass transfer resistance in membrane pores during carbon capture. The hydrophilic

Abstract Optimizations of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and transesterification of bio-crude oil from spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) were conducted. The bio-crude oil from A. platensis was initially extracted using water as a solvent, centrifugation, dissolved with n-hexane, separation, and continued to evaporation. The optimization for the extraction was conducted with varieties of biomass-to-solvent

Abstract The use of oxidoreductases as biocatalysts for industrial production of valuable compounds has a strong demand for NADP. Herein, we prepared superparamagnetic NAD kinase catalyst to synthesize NADP in vitro. First, Fe3O4 particles were synthesized through a solvothermal method, followed by the chemical modification with epichloro-hydrin, iminodiacetic acid, and Ni2+ to yield functional Fe3O4

Abstract MoO3 and reduced molybdenum oxides (MoOx, x=2.87 and 2) were successfully synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method without and with adding polymeric surfactants (PVP or PVA) as capping and reducing agents into the reaction solution. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by different techniques. Adding polymeric surfactants into hydrothermal reaction solution had significant

Abstract Biochar has considerable sorption efficiency for organic pollutants; however, the effect of physicochemical characteristics and their alteration by environmental conditions on the sorption mechanism is still unknown. We investigated the pH-dependent sorption of simazine on Miscanthus biochar produced at two pyrolysis temperatures (400 and 700 °C; hereafter B-400 and B-700) under two different

Abstract A numerical model was used to study the homogeneous nucleation process of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) vapor in a laminar flow diffusion chamber (LFDC); the spatial and temporal evolution of DBP droplet size distribution was governed by the population balance equation (PBE). In the PBE, the nucleation rate was calculated by the self-consistent correction nucleation theory (SCCNT), droplet coagulation

Abstract A one-dimensional biofilm model was applied to illustrate the nitrogen conversion and removal within the heterogeneous biofilm attached on the gas-permeable membrane with different oxygen transfer coefficients: 7.5 m/d, 1.5 m/d and 0.3 m/d. Integrating the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria-mediating hydroxylamine oxidization pathway during the autotrophic nitrification and the four-step denitrification

Abstract The modification of pectin polysaccharide through grafting with polyacrylamide and crosslinking is newly proposed as a powerful candidate for a water-soluble binder of high-capacity Si anodes in lithium ion batteries. The grafting of pectin with polyacrylamide enhances adhesion in the electrode and contributes to the good wettability of the carbonate electrolyte. Herein, dual-crosslinking

Abstract Novel composite materials composed of clay, foundry sand (FS), and fly-ash (FA) have been employed to immobilize TiO2 for incorporating in-situ dual effect for the degradation of antibiotic ofloxacin. The in-situ generation of iron from the composite beads with surface active TiO2 induced the dual effect of photo-Fenton and photocatalysis. FA/FS/TiO2 beads illustrated the best results (92%

Abstract A simple one step wet-chemical method assisted by trisodium citrate was employed in the synthesis of BiOBr applied as a photocatalyst. Photocatalytic activity of the BiOBr was investigated for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm). The results indicated that trisodium citrate is more favorable to the formation of hierarchical architectures and

Abstract The behavior of Si3N4 etching with ion-incidence angle in high-density CF4, CHF3, and C2F6 plasmas was investigated to understand the effect of discharge chemistry on the etch characteristics of Si3N4. The normalized etch yield (NEY) plots suggest that for all plasmas considered herein, physical sputtering is more prevalent than ion-assisted chemical etching as the Si3N4 etching mechanism

Abstract This work investigates the process of elimination of carbon deposits formed during the mixed reforming of methane mixture. The mixed reforming of methane to synthesis gas was studied over Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in the 650–750°C. The amount of carbon deposit on the surface of catalyst varied from 2.8 to 5.9%, depending on the reaction temperature. The reactivity of carbon species was evaluated in

Abstract Carbon saving, oxygen consumption reduction and cellular matter production reduction of Modified University of Cape Town (MUCT) process under different nitrate-nitrogen concentration in the main anoxic section was studied. This was investigated by material balance analysis, biochemical reaction process and its metrology of ordinary heterotrophic bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, nitrifying

Abstract Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles were first functionalized using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and then utilized as filler for the preparation of poly (ether-block-amide) (Pebax®-1074) based mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). To characterize the modified nanoparticles and the prepared membranes, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)

Abstract Thin film composite polyesteramide nanofiltration membranes were fabricated with interfacial polymerization from carboxylated chitosan and trimesoyl chloride on a microporous polysulfone support membrane. Salt rejection was improved by building a multiple-layer structure that was formed by sequentially repeating the cycles of the interfacial reactions. The chemical structure, surface morphology

Abstract Co-doped micro-mesoporous SAPO-11 zeolite (Co-MSAPO-11) was synthesized and used for hydrogenolysis of glycerol. After simultaneous introduction of Co and mesopores, the pore structure and acidic properties of microporous SAPO-11 zeolite are reintegrated. The larger mesopores of Co-MSAPO-11 facilitate the diffusion of molecules and provide more space for the highly dispersed Co species. The

Abstract Amine-based absorption processes are widely used in natural gas processing, but recently they have been considered for CO2 capture from flue gas emitted from thermal power plants. The main issue of amine used in the CO2 capture process is the high cost of solvent regeneration. So, this issue can be solved by using efficient amine absorbent. The amine type absorbents employed in the experimentation

Abstract Batch and continuous experiments were carried out in a Scheibel extraction column to separate La(III) from Ce(III). Central composite design was used to evaluate the influence of pH, extractant concentration in the batch experiments, and the influence of rotor speed, phase flow rates in the continuous experiments. At optimum conditions (pH 3.5, D2EHPA extractant concentration 0.05 M, rotor

Abstract Me2Si(2-Me-4-pbind)2ZrCl2 supported on SiO2/MgCl2 binary support was prepared for the preparation of heterophasic copolymer of polypropylene. The bi-support underwent surface treatment with various alkyl aluminum compounds such as trimethylaluminum (TMA), triethylaluminum (TEAL), and triisobutylaluminum (TIBA) before supporting the metallocene catalyst for 3 or 24 hours and were used for homopolymerization

Abstract Microwave radiation was used for synthesis of an adsorbent using rice husk. The activation of the rice husk sample was performed by H3PO4 and 6 min of the microwave radiation with power 700 W. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, BET and XRD techniques. These analyses showed the prepared adsorbent is an amorphous and mesoporous nano-adsorbent with BET surface area 276

Abstract Molecular imprinting was conducted on a thin polymeric membrane stacked on the self-assembled monolayer of a gold plate. The covalent bonding method was used in the molecular imprinting process. Cholesterol was used as a target molecule. Coating with poly(methyl methacrylate) was followed by hydrolysis and extraction of cholesterol. The remaining site was used to recognize cholesterol. Using

Abstract An aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) containing an ionic liquid (1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide) and three organic salts (K3C6H5O7, (NH4)3C6H5O7, and K2C4H4O6) at different temperatures was designed. Binodal data were correlated using two empirical equations, and tie-line data were fit with the utilization of Bancroft and Othmer-Tobias equations. In the systems investigated,

Abstract 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a one of the most promising biomass-derived chemicals to substitute the non-renewable terephthalic acid as the monomer for producing polyethyleneterephthalate. At present, the oxidation of HMF is regarded as a prevalent way to prepare FDCA. Nevertheless, the isolation and storage of HMF is still a challenge. Herein, based on the higher stability of 5-

Abstract Surface functionalization of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was performed by glycidyl POSS. The synthesized nanoparticles were applied to prepare polyether-imide based-nanofiltration membranes by phase inversion method. The characterizations were done by FESEM, EDX and AFM analysis. The effect of different concentrations of POSS-ZnO (PZ) nanoparticles was investigated to evaluate the separation

Abstract Ultralight three-dimensional (3D) cellular architectures are both a challenge and an opportunity for those academic and industrial applications involved with high performance material design. The challenges have been accessed by employing a variety of materials. Accordingly, graphene has shown greatest potential by virtue of its unique chemical, thermal, electronic, and mechanical properties

Abstract Cyclopentane (CP) hydrate seeds can lead to nucleation of CH4 hydrate with a lower supersaturation; the concept of nucleation potential was applied to estimate the metastable zone width (MSZW) of CH4 hydrate. To verify the crystal structure of CH4 hydrate formed from the CP hydrate seeds, the hydrate samples were analyzed by high resolution powder diffraction (HRPD). 1 wt% of CP hydrates in

Abstract The present study reports in-situ green synthesis of Ag-RGO nanocomposite film using turnip leaves-extract as a reducing as well as a capping agent and its application as a highly efficient naproxen adsorbent from a contaminated aqueous solution. The nanocomposite was characterized employing XRD, Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy, FETEM and FESEM microscopy, EDS spectroscopy. The pseudo-second-order

Abstract Nitrogen-doped carbon has been receiving tremendous research interest due to its exotic electrochemical performance and catalyzing capability. Nevertheless, large-scale synthesis of ordered, mesoporous, nitrogen-doped carbon for supercapacitors is rarely reported due to the complexity and uncontrollable property of polymerization of carbon/nitrogen precursors. In this work, we report a facile

Abstract Mg-Li hybrid cells are constructed and evaluated using a V2O5 positive electrode, a Mg metal negative electrode, and Mg-Li dual salt electrolytes. When a crystalline V2O5 (c-V2O5) and an Al current collector are used, side reactions can occur even at the upper voltage limit of 2.4 V (vs. Mg/Mg2+). However, when an amorphous V2O5 (a-V2O5) is used with a Ti current collector, the side reactions

Abstract Carbon supported palladium-copper (Pd-Cu) bimetallic catalysts (PdxCuy/Cs) are fabricated by modified polyol method to enhance the reaction rate of formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) and the performance of direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) through weakening the bond with the intermediate of formic acid. According to the evaluations, when the ratio of Pd and Cu is 3 : 1 (Pd3Cu1/C), catalytic

This study examined the selective removal of gaseous mercury contained in combustion flue gas by potassium iodide (KI) loaded on activated carbon fibers (ACF). Activated carbon, such as ACF, although a useful mercury sorbent, shows poor performance in the direct treatment of high-temperature flue-gases because it removes mercury only by physical adsorption. KI can remove mercury at high temperatures

Abstract We discovered a new structure II (sII) hydrate forming agent, allyl alcohol (AA), in the presence of methane (CH4) for the first time, and characterized the crystal structure, guest distribution, and phase equilibria of the (AA+CH4) hydrate. Using solid-state 13C NMR and Raman spectroscopy, the crystal structure of the (AA+CH4) hydrate was confirmed to be a sII hydrate, and the CH4 molecule

Membrane wetting is a bottleneck that limits the widespread application of membrane distillation (MD) technologies. However, the prediction of membrane wetting is difficult, due to its unpredictable behavior with the chemical species in feed waters. We used response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the wetting phenomena in direct contact membrane distillation

Although various Pd/C catalysts have been applied in the direct synthesis of H2O2, unsatisfactory H2O2 yields have been achieved. We systematically investigated the effect of heat treatment on the physicochemical properties of Pd/C catalyst, and thereby on the catalytic performance in the direct synthesis of H2O2. Pd/C catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness method were subjected to different heat

Abstract Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are widely used in numerous reactions both as a solvent and a catalyst. In this study, different types of DESs were investigated as a supplementary component for Amberlyst-15 to enhance its catalytic activity in the esterification reaction of lactic acid with ethanol. The effects of the following parameters such as DES type, choline chloride: glycerol (ChCl-Gly)

Abstract This study investigates the catalytic oxidation of NO to NO2 over biomass-derived biochar at ambient temperature. Rubber seed shell (RSS) was used as lignocellulosic waste to develop biochar for NO capture. The NO adsorption capacity of pristine biochar was low, about 17.61 mg/g at 30 oC. To enhance the NO uptake capacity of biochar, cerium (Ce) was introduced into the biochar surface through

Handling and utilization of steam flow efficiently to obtain various tangible industrial outcomes relies mainly upon how to optimize various flow parameters like boundary layer thickness, skewness, shear stress, and turbulent dissipation for minimum losses such as pressure and heat. Swirling steam flow, driven by a propeller through a circular duct along horizontal and inclined surfaces presents an

Discharge of antibiotics into the environment can cause problems like increase of the microorganisms’ resistance, disturbing the ecological balance and increasing the allergy in humans. In this research, an activated carbon was produced from filamentous algae and then magnetized with Fe3O4. The adsorbent size was nano-scale and its characteristics were studied using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, BET and VSM

Abstract Humic acids are one type of natural organic matter and precursors of chloro organic compounds that cause a major problematic issue for water treatment plants. In the present study, Hyperbranched polyethylenimine (HPEI) was grafted onto Fe3O4 nanoparticles for HA adsorption from aqueous solution. Fe3O4@HPEI nanoparticles were characterized via TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, VSM, and BET analysis. The

The growing threat of global warming has raised more attention towards carbon capture. Current amine plants used for carbon removal suffer from great costs inflicted by high energy demand of the solvent regeneration step. Recently, looking for amines with proper performance in reduced temperatures has been the subject of many researches. Clearly, conducting these researches without any criterion and

Abstract Facilitated transport of Orange 3R was performed by means of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique containing double extractants of Aliquat 336 and D2EHPA as extractant and synergist extractant, respectively. Cooking palm oil, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80), and sodium hydroxide were used as diluent, surfactant and stripping agent, respectively. Several parameters influencing the extraction

Volatile organic compounds in the indoor environment of small businesses (painting workshops, hair salons, nail shops, printing shops, laundries etc.) may result in adverse health effects for both workers and customers. Similarly, VOCs identified in these small businesses are included in the list of ozone precursors that harm the environment. We used a non-thermal plasma reactor with gas recycling

Tremendous generation of e-waste and its illegal recycling are causing immense threat to environment as well as the loss of precious metals. The present research reports a novel hybrid process for the total recovery of gold from small depopulated components of e-waste. Connectors and integrated circuits (ICs) liberated from printed circuit boards (PCBs) were pulverized and processed for gold leaching

Based on the response surface methodology (RSM), Cu-Mn-Ce catalysts were prepared via the vacuum impregnation method. Also, Their performance in the oxidation of a tar model compound (Benzene, 5,000 ppm) was evaluated. Results show that the optimum condition is CuO-MnO content of 30% and CeO2 content of 4.4% at a calcination temperature of 620 °C for 4.1 h. In this condition, the confirmatory experiment

This study investigated the problem of radiation effects on the flow heat and mass transfer of magnetohydrodynamic steady laminar Marangoni convection in the boundary layer over a disk in the presence of a linear heat source and first-order chemical reactions. The governing partial differential equations of the disk model were established and transformed to a series of ordinary differential equations

Abstract Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) was synthesized from ethylene at high-temperature and pressure condition. Hyper-compressor used to increase pressure up to 3,500 atm should be monitored and controlled delicately or it cannot guarantee stable operation of the process causing process shutdown (SD), which is directly related to product yield and process safety. This paper presents a data-based

This study evaluated the water quality above the marine sediment by inputting oxygen releasing compound (ORC) processed from calcined oyster shells. Presumed vital parameters such as DO, pH, ORP, chlorophyll-a and classified phosphorous compounds were monitored for 20 d. ORP decreased with time in the control bed, while it increased to a positive value as a result of the ORC effect. DO kept showing