Parallel column models were first proposed in the 1950s for investigating the sensitivity of the HETP in a packed column to maldistribution. Although it is possible to develop a parallel column model using a process simulator, it may take considerable effort to arrange and specify the columns. Recently, we have described what we call a Parallel Column Model (PCM) with the aim of making it easier to

Herein, a novel hybrid shell and double pipe heat exchanger was fabricated and applied for intensification of heat transfer process. The heat transfer surface was increased using double pipes instead of simple tubes. The streams flowed through the annulus, and exchanged the heat with two fluids in sandwiched manner. The performance of this device was carried out by modeling and simulation. The simulated

A fluidized bed heated by multi-stage resistance heaters was utilized innovatively to realize independent heating of different inside zones. A steady-state physical and mathematical model was developed to study the effect of dense phase, freeboard, fluidized carrier gas on temperature distribution in the fluidized bed. The results showed that compared with the experimental values, the differences between