Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films were deposited using inductively coupled C2H2 plasma, and the effect of process parameters on the sp2/sp3 hybridization ratio of the films was investigated. The sp2/sp3 ratio was deduced from the intensity ratios of the D and G peaks (ID/IG) observed in Raman spectra. The ion density in the C2H2 plasma was determined using an ion probe, and the relative density

In the present study, we conducted tribological experiments to study the wear behavior of micro- (MCD) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films against titanium alloy at temperatures up to 700 °C. We found that at comparatively low temperatures (25–500 °C), the wear of diamond films is basically induced by the strong adhesion between diamond and titanium, which promotes the formation of TiC bonds

In this study, in-situ heat treatment and high-temperature tensile tests were performed to investigate the effect of an Ni-interlayer on the zinc-assisted liquid-metal-induced-embrittlement (LMIE) susceptibility of 22MnB5 galvanized steel. The heat treatment results indicated that the Ni-interlayer delays the diffusion between liquid Zn and steel substrate, and it can modify the phase composition of

To improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy, Zn coating was formed by cold spraying technology followed by post shot-peening processing. The phase structure, microstructure, and corrosion properties of the cold-sprayed Zn coatings before and after shot peening process were all investigated. The cold-sprayed Zn coating presented a porous and roughness structure. However, the Zn coatings after shot

Superhydrophobic coating technology is a promising anticorrosion method for metals. In this paper, a simple composite electrodeposition technique is proposed, in which micron-sized B4C particles are added to the electrolyte to construct Ni-B4C composite coating which exhibits a unique micro-nano structure. The addition of B4C particles promotes the construction of rough structure and enhances the corrosion

Cr2AlC coating has potential applications as high temperature protective coating. However, inevitable interdiffusion at coating/substrate interface promotes Al depletion and deteriorates its oxidation resistance. In the present work, the oxidation behavior of a triple-layered Cr2AlC coating, with (Cr,Al)2O3 inner layer, amorphous intermediate layer and crystalline Cr2AlC outer layer, was investigated

Pure titanium alloys are commonly employed in construction of dental implants, given their advantageous features including resistance to corrosion, mechanical strength, flexibility, and bioavailability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface characteristics of Ti6Al4V alloy disks upon sand-blasted, large-grit acid-etching, and/or selective laser melting applications and to assess whether

A commercially available thermoset polymer liquid coating reinforced with ceramic particles was applied on the surface of an additively manufactured carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites to improve its surface characteristics for composite mold application. The mold demonstrated herein was fabricated via material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) and served for the fabrication of autoclave-cured

The impact of O2 plasma treatment on novel amorphous oxide InWZnO (IWZO) as conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) was investigated. A high-quality film on the surface of IWZO can be obtained by using remote O2 plasma treatment. The uniformity of O2 plasma sample is better than control sample, and also the set and reset voltage are more uniform and smaller to suitable for memory operation.

We present a first-principles study of pressure- and temperature-dependent diffusion barriers and coefficients for vacancy-mediated and interstitial V impurity and Ti self-diffusion in TiN. The thus obtained diffusion coefficients were fitted with an Arrhenius-type relation yielding pre-exponential coefficients and activation energies. Our results suggest that (i) V diffuses faster than Ti, (ii) vacancy-mediated

Electrodeposition from a trivalent chromium bath was employed to obtain the cobalt‑chromium coatings with a thickness of ~25 μm. The effect of heat treatment temperature on characteristics, mechanical properties, and electrochemical behavior of the coatings, were examined. Heat treatment was performed in a wide range of temperatures (200–800 °C). Heat-treating below 400 °C increased the crystallinity

In order to study the effect of Cr content on the glass forming ability (GFA) and mechanical properties of Fe-based amorphous composite coatings, and to prepare the Fe-based amorphous composite coatings with high hardness and wear resistance. Fe-Cr-Mo-B-Si amorphous composite coatings were prepared by laser cladding technology with different Fe to Cr ratio. The phase composition and microstructure

Hard coatings are continuously improved due to the industrial needs and urgency to reduce the environmental impact of manufacturing processes. For these reasons, scientists seek hard coatings resistant to high mechanical and thermal loads under extreme working conditions (i.e., dry machining), which is why Hf and other rare earth metals have been added to the metastable c-AlxTi(1-x)N nitrides. In the

(Al)TiSiN multi-layered coatings are promising candidates for use in processing of difficult-to-machine materials. In this study, AlTiN and three different Si-containing multi-layered coatings were designed to fabricate by arc evaporation technology to compare the effect of composition and structure on their microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties, oxidation behavior, and cutting performance

In this research, a fundamental study was conducted on damage behavior of cathodic arc evaporated TiN and Ti0.44Al0.56N coatings, in terms of oxidation and cracking/spallation, when they were exposed to single-pulse laser treatment in a temperature range of 1200–2100 °C. Moreover, a multiple-pulse laser treatment was designed to apply thermo-mechanical loads on the coatings in order to evaluate their

Cathodic sweep and pulse polarization of bare and anodized Al microelectrodes were carried out in alkaline silicate solution. The sweep polarization causes a severe damage to as-polished Al, but reduced and localized damages to the anodized Al. The anodic film resists both cathodic sweep and pulse breakdown. Cathodic pulse polarization can cause capacitive charging and mechanical damage to the oxide

In this study, Cr coatings were electrodeposited on carbon steel substrates by a trivalent Cr salt. The microstructure of the Cr coatings and their flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) resistance in simulated secondary circuit environments (10 MPa and 150 °C) of nuclear power plants were investigated. The results showed that the as-deposited coating was amorphous and crack-free. Annealing at 200 °C resulted

The main purpose of this work was to study the dissolution behavior of carbides and the microstructure evolution in high-carbon high-chromium steel during ultrasonic surface rolling processing (USRP), as well as the wear properties of the samples before and after USRP. The microstructural features of the surface deformed layer were characterized by some microscopic analysis methods (SEM, TEM, EBSD

In this study, Al2O3 and Al2O3–Ca2SiO4 coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying technique. Immersion experiments were performed in deionized water for 1 day and 10 days. The composition and microstructure evolutions of pure and composite coatings with immersion time were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS)

The present work addresses the surface hardening and heat treatment response of Ti-6Al-4V grades G5 and G23 on thermochemical surface treatment in different temperature regimes as well as in different gaseous and plasma-based media. Grades G5 and G23 were subjected to gaseous surface hardening using various gas compositions and temperature regimes. Two different series of gaseous surface treatments

TiAlN single layer coatings deposited by High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) on carbide and Si-wafers substrates were performed. They were characterized in order to study the effects of different process parameters on the film stoichiometry, microstructure and morphology and finally their mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. For comparison, the properties of the same

Implant prosthetics composed of the Ti6Al4V alloy are prone to releasing harmful metal ions into surrounding tissue, as well as causing bacterial infections, in the human body. In order to address these problems, the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy was grafted with polydopamine (PDA) and then coated with a graphene oxide/zinc oxide (GO/ZnO) nanocomposite coating by both hydrothermal growth and drop-casting

The microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal stability of AlxTi1−xN and Al1Ti1-xBN coatings grown by reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) have been analyzed as a function of Al/(Al + Ti) ratio (x) between 0.5 and 0.8. The coatings were predominantly formed by a face-centered cubic Ti(Al)N crystalline phase, both with and without B, even for x ratios as high as 0.6, which

A duplex composite coating consisting of electrodeposited SiO2 interlayer and glass-ceramic coating was fabricated on TiAl alloy. The oxidation behavior of the composite coating was studied in air at 1000 °C. The composition, morphology, and microstructure of the oxide scale were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Results

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique enables to manufacture complex parts and difficult-to-cut materials with saving the material costs and manufacturing time. However, there still has been technical challenges and qualities issues for LPBF products to be used in engineering applications. In order to obtain the high-quality surface products including minimal defects and voids, this study systematically

Antimicrobial coatings can act as an effective barrier to microbial growth and colonization in jet fuel tanks, which can effectively avoid the safety problems and economic losses. In this study, we initially synthesized an antimicrobial and water-insoluble complex, poly (hexamethylene guanidine) hydrochloride-sodium stearate (PHMG-SS), and its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured

In this paper the results of a first attempt to ignite an inverted fireball with a magnetron sputter source are presented. The conducted measurements show that there is no inverted fireball visible to the naked eye present during the experiments. However, some features are observed that indicate at least an initial onset of such an inverted fireball with an interruption before it is fully developed

The outstanding oxidation resistance, thermo-mechanical stability, and chemical inertness of alumina, but also the synthesis of phase pure polymorphs attract particular attention in academia and industry. Especially, the difficulties regarding the synthesis of α- or γ-structured Al2O3 by physical vapor deposition techniques are still strong limitations. Within this study, we investigated in detail

A low-pressure hollow cathode plasma source carburizing was developed as a novel surface treatment technique based on the active screen plasma carburizing combined with hollow cathode sources. The cylindric cathodic cage with array holes was made of pure graphite, where the hollow cathode graphite tubes were inlaid on. A pulsed high voltage power with a peak voltage of 800 V and a pulse frequency of

Titanium carbide (TiC) coatings have attracted wide attention from researchers and industry due to their high hardness, wear and corrosion resistance. In this study, a plasma emission monitoring system was adopted to feedback control the target poisoning status of 70% in a gas mixture of acetylene using four different power supply modes including superimposed HiPIMS-MF, HiPIMS, MF, and DC. The nanocrystalline

Phase-modulated VSiCN coatings were deposited with hot filament assistance by magnetron sputtering of a vanadium target in a gas mixture of argon, nitrogen, and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). HMDS flow conditions and total working pressure were varied to influence coating amorphous phase content (0 at.% ≤ Si ≤ 9 at.%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that deposition with HMDS vapor disrupted columnar

X10CrAlSi18 FHSS (ferritic heat-resistant stainless steel) has received a lot of attention due to its advantageous combination of creep resistance and oxidation resistance. The influence of Si content on the high-temperature oxidation resistance of X10CrAlSi18 FHSS after oxidation at 700 and 800 °C for up to 180 h in air was investigated in this study. According to the results, a higher Si content

In this study, closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering was employed to deposit a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film with Cr as the middle layer on three elastomeric substrates, namely nitrile rubber (NBR), fluorine rubber (FKM), and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, respectively. In addition, effects of these rubber substrates on the structure and properties of DLC films were investigated

The development of homogeneous, dense, and smooth hard coatings is a challenging task, and that is why the high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) method has been proposed to tailor and control the microstructure through the modification of the duty cycle. HiPIMS offers extensive possibilities to obtain good quality films with fine and dense morphology. In this work, the synthesis of CrxN

The main aim of the present work is to report on the study of the combination of continuous plasma, formed by a microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge and the pulsed plasma obtained by the laser ablation of a solid target. Such arrangement allows studying the formation of materials in the form of thin films making use of the relatively high densities of the microwave discharge and the

Coated components are often subjected to high strain rate and repetitive contact damage in practical service, so how to quickly evaluate the dynamic contact behavior of the thin protective coating is particularly important. Highly resolved single nano-impact and novel multiple micro-scale impact tests were used to investigate the dynamic hardness and fatigue failure of 0.55–1.52 μm thick graphite-like

The present work aims to fabricate CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) possessing outstanding wear and corrosion properties via laser additive manufacturing (LAM) and subsequent laser shock peening (LSP). The surface morphology, microstructure, microhardness and residual stress of LAM-fabricated specimen were characterized before and after LSP. Additionally, sliding wear and electrochemical corrosion

We describe our work on tungsten disilicide film deposition by planar magnetron sputtering at low operating gas pressure (down to 0.08 Pa). The sputter target was a tungsten disilicide composite with diameter 125 mm, and the DC magnetron current 0.1–1 A. We have explored the dependence of film homogeneity over the 100 mm diameter substrate on substrate temperature and distance from the magnetron, and

In this study, WO3 nanorods have been fabricated by simple anodization in the presence of different amounts of citric acid and at different anodization times. A comprehensive morphological, structural, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical characterization of different samples has been carried out. Moreover, a formation mechanism for WO3 nanorods has been proposed. Finally, these nanostructures

The application of pure molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) film as solid lubricant is limited due to its low hardness and high friction coefficient in the atmosphere. It is reported that the hardness can be improved by doping metal elements into MoS2, while the friction coefficient can be reduced by the formation of curved micro-nano structure of MoS2. Thus, doping metal atoms with catalytic properties such

PVD-TiMgGdN coatings have been successfully developed by the authors using an industrial DC-magnetron PVD unit. The coatings reveal excellent corrosion protection capabilities for mild steel substrates for at least 800 h in the neutral salt spray test (NSS). MgGd was added to the TiN matrix by using segmented (Seg.) multi-component targets, consisting of segments of pure Ti and of a Mg- 30 wt.-% Gd

The study is aimed to analyse the comparative behaviour of the high-temperature abrasive wear of H13 steel surfaces modified by laser melting and cladding with Stellite 6 and Stellite 6 + 30 wt% WC. 3-body abrasive tests were conducted at room temperature, 450 °C, 550 °C, and 650 °C. The microstructural evolution, microhardness, wear surface morphology and mechanisms, and various phases formed during

Biomedical implants with hierarchical hybrid surface morphologies have been highly pursued in dental and orthopedic fields. In this study, a scalelike micro/nano-textured structure was fabricated on plasma surface tantalum (Ta) alloyed Ti6Al4V substrate by removing the Ta deposition layer. The scalelike structure is composed of interconnected nano-step arrays within grains. The orientation of nano-steps