The textile industry discharges large amounts of polluted wastewater containing synthetic dyes. A down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor is a novel aerobic wastewater treatment process that utilizes a sponge as a biomass-retaining carrier. This sponge carrier has both aerobic and anaerobic zones owing to different dissolved oxygen concentrations. In this study, the process performance of a DHS reactor

In the present study, a cheese whey agro-industrial byproduct was utilized as a natural feedstock for bioplastic production. The bioprocess consisted of a fermentative lactic acid production (step 1) and a following photofermentative poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production (step 2). During step 1, the bacterium Lactobacillus sp. converted lactose (contained in cheese whey) into lactic acid. During step

Dichlorvos or 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) is a chlorinated organophosphorus pesticide which is frequently detected in the aqueous environment. In this study, an environmentally friendly and highly efficient oxidant, i.e., sodium percarbonate (SPC, Na2CO3·1.5H2O2) was introduced to an ozonation process for the degradation of dichlorvos (DDVP). Experimental results revealed an enhancement

Dye pollution in the aquatic environment is one of the main environmental and public health issue nowadays. Biosorptive removal of such dyes by biocomposite materials have recently emerged a good potential. For this purpose a novel microbial cell-immobilized Platanus orientalis leaf tissue (NSPOL) was prepared through a passive immobilization, in this study. Its bioremoval potential was investigated

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging novel filtration technology used to reclaim water from waste streams or concentrate the valuable component. Accurate water flux prediction of FO is essential to facilitate process optimization and scale-up of membrane systems The overall objective of this investigation was to propose and confirm a model for prediction of the structural parameter (S) which is required

Magnetization facilitates the separation and reuse of adsorbents, but significantly reduces the adsorption capacity. In this study, a double layer magnetized/functionalized biochar composite was synthesized through a hybrid post-pyrolysis magnetization which sustained and even significantly increased the adsorption capacity of microporous carbonaceous biochar (BC). The developed process included i)

The operational flexibility of Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) makes this technology especially resilient to changes in functional requirements. A main feature of SBRs is that plant upgrading from nitrogen to phosphorus removal specifications becomes straightforward by simple adaptation of the manipulated variables. In contrast, the optimum design and operation of these processes is an intricate problem

Vinasse is characterized by a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dark brown colour, which requires abatement before disposal to prevent the pollution of receiving streams. Anaerobic digestion (AD) usually applied for vinasse treatment can only reduce the COD with the colour remaining unabated. This study investigated the feasibility of combining AD and ozonation for vinasse treatment. The AD process

This study used a sequencing batch reactor to investigate the nitrogen removal performance of marine anammox bacteria (MAB) from nitrogen-rich saline wastewater with addition of a transition element, vanadium (V(V)). The findings showed that the performance of nitrogen removal by MAB was enhanced by dosing proper amount of V (V) (i.e. 0.25–20 mg/L), but the effectiveness deteriorated at higher doses

Increasing population and urbanization bring along depletion of water resources with notable discharge of industrial and municipal wastewater which is rich in nutrients. Microalgae hold great promise for assimilating the nutrient compounds, particularly the intricate nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) compounds from wastewater, resulting in algal biomass enriched with various valuable biomolecules. However

This study aimed to investigate the biohydrogen and biomethane potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) in a two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) system under thermophilic (55 ± 3 °C) and mesophilic (30 ± 3 °C) conditions, respectively. Among the initial loadings of 0.5 g-COD, 1.0 g-COD, or 1.5 g-COD, the best production potentials of 106.13 mL-H2/g-COD and 334.56 m L-CH4/g-CODadded, corresponding

The present study investigated the applicability of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) in the treatment of a reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) from petrochemical wastewater. Three commercial flat sheet membranes made of polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, having different contact angles, pore sizes, porosities, and thicknesses, were supplied by Aquastill with the following membrane designation:

Oil-in-water emulsions created in shipboard bilgewater can be challenging to treat to hydrocarbon-limiting environmental discharge regulations. While emulsion behavior has been widely studied in other disciplines, research on bilgewater emulsions has been limited due to the variability of bilgewater composition. In this context, surfactant types and concentrations are generally unknown. Therefore,

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has emerged as a novel biotechnology for the effective treatment of both municipal and industrial wastewater. Two of the practical parameters that affect aerobic granule (AG) formation and stability are the feeding strategy and organic loading rate (OLR). In this paper, the impact of feeding strategy and OLR on AG formation and stability are reviewed. The feeding strategy

In this research surface modified zeolites, Linde Type A and clinoptilolite, were used for the chromate ions uptake from aqueous solutions as well as its encapsulation through a vitrification process. The surface chemistry of zeolites was modified using a cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) to promote the capability of anions uptake. The results of characterization by X-ray diffraction

Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) contains high concentrations of phenolic compounds and ammonia that are noxious and harmful to the environment, especially to human health. The improper treatment of PRW could cause serious problems. In this study, a membrane with a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating was fabricated to improve PRW treatment for phenolic compounds and ammonia removal. The fabricated membranes

In this study, copper-benzene tricarboxylic (Cu-BTC), or better known as HKUST-1, was successfully synthesized using the solvothermal method in a solvent mixture of water, ethanol and N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). The mother liquor from the first synthesis was reused as a solvent for the subsequent HKUST-1 synthesis for up to four repetitions, cutting back the use of fresh solvent as much as 37 %. The

Modified Inclined Solar Stills in passive (PISS) and active mode (AISS) were fabricated and researched in the environmental condition of Chennai, India. In an AISS, Spiral Tube Collector (STC) has been integrated for the extraction of drinking water. The major intention of the current research is to estimate the performance of the PISS and AISS for extracting fresh water from brackish water. The highest

Immobilized microalgae have been utilized for various bioprocesses that yield biofuels and high-value products. Various alginate solutions ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 % were investigated to develop microalgae immobilization technology. High intracellular density (3.94–4.89 g/cm3) and compressive strength (447−602 g) immobilized Chlorella vulgaris Wu-G22 (G22) and Chlorella sp. Wu-G23 (G23) microalgae granules

Although it has been confirmed that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play a critical role in the aggregation of granular sludge, the relative contributions and structural characteristics of different polymer components have not been clarified. Through enzymatic hydrolysis and an aggregation experiment two types of granular sludge with a high aggregation ability (aerobic and anammox granular

This work aims at comparing the response of activated sludge on the exposure either to aluminum oxide microparticles (Al2O3 MPs) or aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) in the activated sludge system operating in the continuous mode. It was for the first time made with regard to three issues: composition of the microbial community, morphology of activated sludge flocs and settling properties of

Photocatalysis is an efficacious technology for pollutants degradation; however, there remains ample room for the improvement of its degradation efficiency. Herein, a system involving a g-C3N4/BiOCOOH photocatalyst coupled with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was developed, using Malachite green (MG), Rhodamine B (RhB), ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP), and levofloxacin hydrochloride (LVF) as target pollutants

Biofouling caused by microorganism is a serious problem that inhibits the application of membrane technology in wastewater treatment. To overcome this drawback, a novel silver nanowire-carbon nanotube/coal-based carbon (AgNW-CNT/CC) composite membrane was prepared with fascinating antimicrobial ability and electrochemically enhanced biofouling resistance. The addition of AgNWs could significantly enhance

This study investigated the performance of low-cost tubular ceramic membranes fabricated using kaolin, quartz and calcium carbonate as inexpensive raw materials following the extrusion method for lignin recovery from water and methanol. The effect of different concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder along with the raw materials on the membrane properties such as porosity, pure water