The traditional capillary radiant air conditioning system based on back propagation (BP) neural network optimization model of carbon dioxide refrigerant filling, using neural network algorithm to optimize the carbon dioxide refrigerant filling, there is a big error. Aiming at this problem, a carbon dioxide refrigerant charging and filling optimization model in capillary radiant air conditioning system

The combined influence of temperature dependent viscosity and internal heat source on the onset of convection in porous enclosures saturated by a viscoelastic fluid is studied using linear and weak nonlinear stability theories. The enclosures are taken to be rectangular, square, and slender. For the viscoelastic fluid, the Oldroyd‐B type model is used, whereas the Darcy's model is taken for porous

Since the existence of cement concrete, the early cracking problem of recycled concrete directly affects the application of concrete in engineering. Cracks can increase the permeability of concrete and lead to the decrease of structural durability of concrete in the corrosive environment. The reason causing this fatal problem is the shrinkage of concrete. The purpose of this paper is to improve the

The gas permeability of a coal seam was the main factor determining the efficiency of gas extraction from the mines and was closely related to the coal damages. In this paper, a triaxial compression failure test of the raw coal was carried out in the gas seepage state using the MTS 815 rock mechanics testing system. The damage evolution law of the coal containing gas under triaxial compression was

Experiments were conducted to investigate the inner structure of gas–liquid flow in airlift pumps by a laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system and a laser‐high speed photography. The measured central plane of the riser pipe was illustrated by a laser device, and the corresponding gas–liquid flow in this plane was recorded by a high speed camera. The results showed it was the wispy annular flow, rather

Soil is an important part of human survival, and people's lives cannot be separated from soil. At present, soil pollution in China is becoming more and more serious, especially heavy metal pollution. Based on this, a method for evaluating the effect of heavy metal pollution treatment in rural areas in northern Anhui was proposed. Taking Liulangguan Lane, Nanling, and Dapu in the south of Anhui Province

The production of energy from wood biomass is as old as humanity itself. There has been enormous progress in research of sustainable pyrolysis processes for optimal energy conversion in the past 30 years. Pyrolisis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (PY‐GC‐MS) was used to examine the components of bark and wood of Toona sinensis for expanding high value utilization different parts of trees. In the

The operational status of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) A in Tianjin was simulated via WEST 2012 software. It was found that with secondary biological treatment, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen in the effluent can reach Level 1‐A standards, while the total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus slightly exceed the standard threshold. When subjected to

The supernatant solution of silicate species extracted from coal fly ash (CFA) by NaOH fusion is used under acidic conditions with surfactant pluronic P‐123 to prepare the mesoporous silica (SBA‐15). Structural properties of prepared SBA‐15 are found close to those prepared by pure chemicals. Furthermore, the synthesized mesoporous silica (SBA‐15) from CFA is used as support in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

This work aims at enhancing the thermal conductivity of base fluids (water and methanol) through successive washing of polymers from the surface of polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP)‐stabilized copper (Cu) nanoparticles. Cu nanofluids were successfully synthesized and characterized using transmission electron microscope and UV–vis spectrophotometer. Thermal conductivity of freshly prepared Cu nanofluid shows

Three kinds of activated coke powders (ACPs) were prepared from different coal by a one‐step rapid pyrolysis activation method. Detailed pore structure and surface characteristics of the ACPs were characterized by BET specific surface area test, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Adsorption capacity of ethyl acetate, benzene, and p‐xylene onto the

In this work, Zr‐doped CaO‐based sorbents were prepared at several kilograms per batch using a simple sol–gel technique. CO2 adsorption performance and cycling stability of the synthesized sorbents were significantly improved in consequence of the incorporation of Zr component. Technological conditions of the scale‐up production were optimized, including precursor concentration of calcium, amount of

This study investigated the environmental impact of the operation of lignite‐fired power plants in Yunnan Province. Soil, water, vegetable plant, and bottom ash samples were collected from around three lignite‐fired power plants in the area and the contamination levels of Cr, Cu, U, Mn, Cd, Ba, Pb, Sb, Co, and Ni in the samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS)

The interface mechanical properties of graphene and titanium composites in traditional studies lack molecular dynamics simulation and cannot construct composite interface model. A method for studying the interfacial mechanical properties of graphene/titanium in composite materials based on beam search algorithm is proposed, using the beam search algorithm to simulate the tensile deformation of graphene

In order to quantitatively analyze the effect of powder on fiber dispersion, the surface free energy theory was applied to test the surface free energy parameters of each powder based on the “capillary rise method”. Then, the surface free energy of each powder was further calculated. Finally, based on a certain ratio, the fiber reinforced cement was formed. In terms of the test piece, the profile of

Biodiesel production technologies, which are non‐catalytic and those involving the use of heterogeneous catalyst(s), have gained much interest owing to its high biodiesel and pure glycerol throughput. During the past 15 years, many studies were devoted to explore new catalysts as well as improve non‐catalytic technologies with aims to ultimately industrialize such biodiesel production processes. This

For increasing the regulation accuracy and efficiency, commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluidyn‐PANACHE was induced to assist in the analysis of typical radionuclides atmospheric diffusion for the Chinese nuclear safety regulation. The atmospheric dispersion simulation system that used three‐dimensional CFD methods, combined three‐dimensional GIS, and multiple technical methods

Experimental investigations were conducted to explore the thermal and exergy efficiency of Fe3O4‐H2O nanofluids in a corrugated tube. Some influences of the twisted turbulator, horizontal magnetic fields (B = 6mT, 12mT, and 18mT), particle mass fractions (ω = 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%) as well as Re numbers (800–12,000) were analyzed. The experimental results exhibited that the heat transfer capacity of

Refined polymerized pitch (RPP) is a by‐product from the production of mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB). In order to understand the effects of an air oxidation treatment on the microstructure of the synthesized pitch coke, oxidized and polymerized pitch (prepared by oxidation in air with RPP as the raw material) has been used as the raw material to produce pitch coke. The microstructure of as‐prepared

Natural rubber‐based industries in Southern Thailand are generating concentrated latex sewage sludge (CLS), which is commonly managed by landfilling practice that is causing serious environmental hazards. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to produce pellets using CLS and para‐wood sawdust as a potential biomass source for energy generation. The process started with dewatering the CLS

No abstract is available for this article.

Coke oven sectors dispense phenol and cyanide into the circumferential ecosystem, which becomes a serious concern to the subsistence of the flora and fauna. The current study investigates phenol–cyanide treatment using carbon alginate beads immobilized with mixed bacterial consortium. Response surface using central composite design was contrived for the batch and packed bed bio‐column optimization

In the ethylene industry, the high purity of the ethylene product depends on hydrogenation in acetylene hydrogenation reactor. Because the catalyst deactivation leads to the moving of the operating point, the operation scheme must be adjusted continually according to the catalyst activity. It is necessary to estimate the catalyst activity online. Based on the discrete dynamic model of the acetylene

Microfluidic mixing is a key process in miniaturized analysis system. Achieving adequate mixing performance is considerably difficult in microfluidic micromixer, as the flow is always associated with unfavorable laminar flow and dominated by molecular diffusion. The mixing performance of these micromixers are generally characterized as a function of mixing index based on dispersion (homogeneity) information

Liquid ammonia yield is the main index characterizing the process output of ammonia synthesis, the prediction of which is crucial for process control and optimization. However, the industrial process of ammonia synthesis involves multiple variables and strong nonlinearity, making it difficult to be accurately predicted using conventional mechanism‐driven model, or a certain type of data‐driven model

Natural convection heat transfer of molten salt is widely used in concentrated solar plants, such as the solar receiver, the single‐tank thermal energy storage system, and so forth. Meanwhile, adding nanoparticles into molten salts to form nanofluids can obviously improve the thermal properties of the working medium. However, the heat transfer performance of the molten salt‐based nanofluids has not

Electrodialysis, an efficient and environmental friendly separation technology, plays a significant role in water treatment. In order to reveal ion transfer mechanism and predict electrodialysis behavior, a mathematical model for steady transport of a binary electrolyte during the desalination process was developed. The Nernst–Planck, electroneutrality equations, and other hydrodynamic equations were

The decomposition of dodecahedron and tetrakaidecahedron in methane hydrate is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. For each single cage‐like structure, the decomposition is divided into three stages according to the different characteristics in each stage. The interaction from each part of the system to the single cage‐like structure is analyzed. The feature of hydrogen bond and the transformation

Waste heat recovery for wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system is quite necessary so that both heat and water consumption can be saved. However, formerly, there existed no clear concept about the upper limit quantity of waste heat that can be recovered for a target WFGD system, and where the final operation status of WFGD system after waste heat recovered will be located is also absent. Therefore

High strength clean briquettes production by using recycling coal fines is of great realistic significance in saving coal resources and protecting the environment. Blends consisting of a long‐flame coal fines and coal slime (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as binders were used in the preparation of briquettes. To produce a qualified clean briquette with enough briquette strength, the effects of the

Bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel was used as a three‐dimensional scaffold for the hierarchical formation of nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH). The formation was completed, without the need of any external energy utilization, special apparatus, and surface modification at room temperature. A solution‐process method is utilized through controlled reaction conditions. The proposed mechanism ascribed that the

Acetaminophen is a well‐known medicine frequently used as analgesic in fever treatment. In pharmaceutical formulation procedure, batch fluidized bed wet granulation is a bottleneck process for the continuous processing of acetaminophen from powder to solid dosage form. To meet the market demand and reduce operating costs, fluid bed wet granulation needs process intensification by converting batch to

Compared with the conventional water network, the water network with internal water mains has the advantages of simple structure, easy design and control. Regeneration reuse can avoid accumulation of contaminants compared with regeneration recycling. There are few studies on regeneration reuse water network with internal water mains. This paper analyzes the water‐using relationship between the water‐using

Adaptive soft sensors including widely used locally weighted partial least square (LW‐PLS) have been established for online prediction, fault detection, and process monitoring. Nevertheless, majority of these existing adaptive soft sensors have zero tolerance to missing data, and the presence of missing data is inevitable due to sensor failures, routine maintenance, changes in sensor equipment over

Walnut shell was pyrolyzed and then impregnated with NH4Br to make sorbent for Hg0 removal. The effect of flue gas components on Hg0 removal performance was studied in O2/CO2 atmosphere, and the results were compared with those in O2/N2 atmosphere. The mercury valence distribution during adsorption was obtained. NH4Br‐modified walnut shell coke promoted Hg0 removal, the Br‐containing chemisorption

Alkaline earth metal‐based catalysts applied in the process of dichlorohydrin cyclization into epichlorohydrin were studied. A series of solid catalysts were prepared by the equivalent‐volume impregnation method using γ‐Al2O3 as a carrier, whereas nitrates and chlorides of the three alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, and Ba) were employed as precursors. Their catalytic performance was investigated and

Environmental regulations motivate the industries to replace conventional fuels and chemicals by those produced from biomass. In this regard, hydrodeoxygenation of lignin compounds is of a great deal of attention. Synthesis gas could be utilized instead of pure hydrogen for the cleavage of oxygen‐containing chemical bonds through hydrodeoxygenation. Following this, the utilization of synthesis gas

Numerical simulations using a generalized interpolation material point method (GIMP) and material point method were introduced into the studying of granular mixing in a rotary drum. A Drucker–Prager model that has an equal size with a Mohr–Coulomb criterion was adopted to predict the failure behavior of granular matter. Experiments and discrete element method simulations were conducted to validate

The sulfur recovery unit based on modified Claus process with split flow was simulated, so that the validation results showed satisfactory agreement with the refinery data. In this study, comprehensive investigation was carried out on various parameters of the unit. Concentration changes of compounds were investigated as the process stream passes along various equipment. Composite curves were generated

In order to improve the mass transfer efficiency of the high‐temperature molten pool area in the oxygen coal combustion melting and separating furnace, water model experiment and VOF model were used to study the mechanism of bubble formation in the area, investigate the changing rules of oxygen lance parameters on the shape and frequency of bubbles. The results show that the basic law of bubble generation

Efficient conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into energy‐bearing compounds using abundant solar energy is a promising technique that simultaneously responds to the concerns on global warming and energy shortage. The purpose of this study was to find a photocatalyst that can efficiently utilize sunlight for an efficient reduction of CO2 to energy‐bearing carbon monoxide (CO). Silver phosphate/titanium

Development of possible technologies for the generation of green energy is the focus of research worldwide. Fuel cells are a promising option in this regard. Out of the various categories of fuel cells, air breathing–direct methanol fuel cells (AB‐DMFCs) are finding a prominent place as an electric power source for charging of compact electronic devices. In AB‐DMFC, the design and construction of the

A flexible layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite of zinc and iron was encapsulated on orange peel activated carbon (Zn–Fe LDH EAC) surface by coprecipitation method to study the adsorption properties of acid blue (AB) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes from water. Activated carbon was employed as a structure retaining agent as well as a supporting material for Zn and Fe hydroxides. The Zn–Fe hydroxides

A new process of prereduction of rotary kiln‐oxygen coal combustion and melting ironmaking was developed. The core is to realize the conversion of mass and energy of pulverized coal through high‐density injection of pulverized coal and high‐density combustion in the molten pool to provide the required energy for the ironmaking process. By calculating the combined energy values of working conditions

In this work, thermogravimetric (TG) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to explore changes in the cracking process when engine oil was mixed with waste tires. The results presented herein provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of potential applications of tire and engine oil copyrolysis. According to the TG analysis, it was found that the pyrolysis

Studies were conducted using varying proportions of granite powder in canal lining concrete to determine the effect on compression resistance, impermeability and freeze–thaw cycling. The concrete microstructure was assessed using mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and other methods. The data indicate the appearance of pore throats and demonstrate that a granite content of

The work presents the method to increase the electrical efficiency and power output of photovoltaic (PV) panel with the use of phase change material (PCM). CaCl2.6H2O–Fe3Cl2.6H2O eutectic has a suitable melting point and high latent heat for temperature regulation of PV panel. The work has been focused on the experimental setup and simulation heat extraction from the PV panel with the use of ANSYS

To enhance the gas–liquid mass transfer in the hydroformylation reaction, microbubbles were applied into this typical gas–liquid reaction. Compared with a commercial tube microbubble generator, a fractal microbubble distributor, which was designed based on the bionic fractal theory and manufactured via 3D printing, permitted to increase the total microbubble number and decrease the microbubble size

Foam injection molding processes have received special attention in polymer industry. The size distribution of bubbles is an important parameter on the molding piece, which depends on the characteristics of the blowing process. This work proposes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology to analyze the formation and distribution of bubbles in a foamed polymer piece. The birth, coalescence, and

CuSO4·5H2O was used as an additive for paste Fe3O4 electrode by a simple physical mixing method. The results of cyclic voltammetry and energy dispersive spectroscopy tests confirm that during the initial charge, copper sulfate could be converted to metallic Cu with uniform distribution in the electrode and stable during normal charge–discharge cycles. Compared with the electrode without the additive

As graphene is an emerging carbon nanomaterial, some studies have investigated the ecological effects of graphene‐based materials with generally focusing on physiological changes, enzyme activities, and oxidative stresses, but detailed mechanistic studies are actually lacking. Moreover, the results from previous studies were controversial in the context of ecological mechanisms, because material properties

The purification of industrial sulfur‐containing tail gas mainly adopts the wet flue gas desulfurization of gas–liquid mass transfer, and a new separator utilizes the gas–liquid coupling field to rapidly update the effective phase boundary area in the reaction process to enhance the mass transfer effect. This study used NaOH solution as the reaction liquid phase to determine the effects of the selection

A novel modular continuous flow bioreactor system was designed to enhance the tolerance of bacteria to high concentration of heavy metal. This study evaluated the combined effect of high and low concentration levels of zinc, ferrous iron, copper, sulfate, and carbon source on the heavy metals and sulfate removal efficiencies. Statistically valid Plackett–Burman design (PBD) of experiments was employed

Dynamic membranes (DMs) defined as cake layer forms on a support material such as filter cloth have been of great interest in recent years. The usage of DMs can reduce the capital cost significantly and energy consumption during wastewater treatment by replacing the conventional membrane. The formation of an active dynamic cake layer is highly related to the retention of particles on the support material

Wetland saline water is the enormous problem faced by rural people in Kalimantan, Indonesia. During rainy season, seawater intrudes wetland aquifer and turns water to saline. Application of membrane silica–pectin is eligible to solve this issue. Sadly, this water contains high concentration of organic matter that contributes to declining of membrane performance. Therefore, coagulation pretreatment

The digital microfluidic system based on electrowetting on dielectric is a new technology that can control microliter droplets within the plane. Because of layout, fabrication, and driving uncertainties, feedback control schemes must be designed and implemented to ensure safety and reliability of digital microfluidic system for practical application. The basis for feedback is to realize the accurate

The existing single concrete composite material mainly consists of sand, cement and water reducer, thus having poor anti‐freeze and anti‐collision capacities. In this study, polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete composite is prepared by adding polypropylene fiber into composite material. Therefore, the polypropylene fiber added to the concrete method of composite materials There are two methods of

Goethite is a dominant component of nickel laterite ores, which is capable of adsorbing metal ions in water. The potential of the unused low‐grade nickel ore (LGO) to treat synthetic acid mine drainage (AMD) was investigated. LGO characterization identified the presence of goethite (α‐FeOOH), calcium oxide (CaO), and manganese aluminum oxide. The performance of LGO for AMD treatment was evaluated using

This study is aimed at the problems of traditional vortex tools in gas wells, including notable pressure losses and short effective distances. An organic combination of jet vortex drainage and gas production tools was designed and installed without additional power equipment. Based on the liquid film force balance model, gas–liquid two‐phase flow and turbulence models of the jet vortex tool were established

The formation of fine bubbles with a diameter between 10 and 20 μm was observed upon the passage of air‐supersaturated water, in which air is pressurized and dissolved, through a water passage in which supersonic stimulation was given to the water. It was confirmed that the inside diameter of the fine bubbles increases as the distance from the ultrasonic stimulation point becomes greater. In verifying