The investigation of the wet coal flow characteristics is carried out in a three‐dimensional silo system by experiments and simulations. The effect of the moisture content on the flow characteristics is firstly investigated by experiments, which is in terms of bulk density, angle of repose, and flow rate at outlet. When moisture content is below 9%, the coal particles act as the easy flow mode. When

Oil sludge (OS) is a typical dangerous waste in petroleum industry, which also contains abundant energy. The purpose of this study was to recover resources from OS gasification. To figure out the gasification process, a thermal analyzer was used to carry out OS gasification experiments under steam/nitrogen atmosphere with different heating rates. Results showed that the OS gasification reaction could

Deodorisation is the key process to produce high‐quality refined, bleached and deodorised palm oil (RBDPO) in a palm oil refinery. In this work, an integrated simulation–optimisation approach was adopted for the analysis of a deodorisation process in an operating palm oil refinery. The process includes a deodoriser unit that removes free fatty acids (FFA) from bleached palm oil (BPO), and a vacuum

This study explored the feasibility of applying sequential argon‐CF4 plasmas treatment as a featured approach towards enhancement of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane structure and surface topography for application in membrane distillation (MD). Systematic procedures were conducted to synthesize membranes of different combinations composed mainly from PVDF and assisted by addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone

Ethyl acetate is one of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitting from solvent use, and removing ethyl acetate from exhaust air is vital to VOCs abatement. The mesoporous manganese oxide (MnOx) samples were sonochemically synthesized by the reduction of KMnO4 using Mn(NO3)2. The characterization shows that γ‐MnO2, β‐MnO2, and bixbyite‐like Mn2O3 were obtained by calcining the MnOx samples

The additive drag reduction technology has wide application and high economic value in drag reduction of oilfield water injection system. With CTAC/NaSal (cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride/sodium salicylate) aqueous solution as the research object, this paper explores the effects of oilfield water component on its rheological characteristics under the experimental condition of 10–60°C, .1–1 000 s−1

The jet microbubble generator is often used to produce bubbles in flotation equipment, which generates microbubbles by self‐absorbing or inflating. Bubble behavior is a dominant factor in froth flotation, and its velocity, size, and distribution greatly affect flotation performance. However, the asymmetry distribution of the pressure, bubble velocity, and gas holdup in generator with single inlet probably

A new type of cigarette butts/coal‐based composite porous carbon was prepared by potassium hydroxide chemical activation method and used for methane decomposition to hydrogen. The effects of mass mixing ratio of the used cigarette butts/coal and carbonization temperature on the surface properties and structure of carbon materials were studied. The results show that the optimal mass mixing ratio of

The recycling of chemical containing glass bottles is generally not recommended due to high health risk. In this study, used glass ampoules were devitrified into a porous material by coprocessing with eggshells, salt, and soda at different temperatures. In this thermochemical reaction, eggshells decomposed into calcium, porogenic gases, and char. The calcium worked as a flux in the reaction while char

In this work, the mass transfer performance of a new eductor liquid–liquid extractor is investigated experimentally and modeled by dimensional analysis and response surface methodology (RSM) with the utilization of water/acetic acid/toluene system. A correlation is derived for the overall mass transfer coefficient versus the Reynolds number, throat to nozzle area ratio, projection ratio, and the two

Polydopamine (PDA) was coated on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes with different structures to select the most suitable structure for achieving outstanding hydrophilicity, permeability, stability, and antifouling properties. PVDF membranes were prepared with different solvents (N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone [NMP], N,N‐dimethylacetamide [DMAc], N,N‐dimethylformamide [DMF], NMP/DMAc, NMP/DMF, DMAc/DMF

No abstract is available for this article.

The Ti–Mn cladding layers with different ratios were prepared on the surface of 310S steel using tungsten inert gas (TIG) technology for inhibiting coking in ethylene cracking, and the cladding specimens were oxidized by muffle furnace for 10 h at 800°C. The coking evaluation tests of the oxidized specimens with different Ti–Mn powder ratios were carried out with light naphtha at 850°C. The results

Output saturation is observed in many chemical processes and microbial cultivation processes. In these processes, output saturation can cause a number of control problems near the saturation point due to the nonlinear continuous input multiplicity interval after the saturation point. In general, the widely used proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller cannot perform its function due to the

Different schemes in the production of structured triglycerides based on solvent‐free esterification of oleic acid and palmitic acid with glycerol were evaluated in terms of reactant conversion, product composition, and yield. Two‐step processes, with or without glycerol dosing, were compared with one‐step versions carried out at temperature conditions within 40°C–60°C to a final oleic acid/palmitic

During the working process of passive microdirect methanol fuel cell (μDMFC), the characteristics of inverse movement between two‐phase substances are quite distinct from macro gas–liquid inverse movement, including electrochemical reactions, electrical drag, multicomponent diffusion, evaporation, and condensation. Due to the complexity of internal operation system of μDMFC, it is difficult to monitor

In coal‐fired power plants, the feed water treatment processes (FWTPs) supply qualified water to utility boilers. The faults of an FWTP may endanger the whole power plant. The classical PCA‐/KPCA‐based fault detection algorithms are valid mainly under single operation condition. When they are put to a practical FWTP, they cannot deal with the problems as treatment route switching, multiple operation

Herein, we carried out the extraction of polyphenol resveratrol and its glycoside (piceid) from raw Japanese knotweed via a simple method, employing dimethyl ether (DME) as the solvent. With DME extraction, the conventional drying and cell wall disruption steps can be left out. As a result, more resveratrol and piceid were obtained in DME extraction than in conventional ethanol extraction. Because

This paper aims to obtain a better heat transfer performance by using vortex generators with different structures in the square channel. To compare the flow pattern of three different vortex generators, the stream‐wise velocity profile, the visualized Q‐criterion, and the stream‐wise vorticity flux distribution were used to obtain the flow structures in detail. The heat transfer performance was quantified

Arbutin is a potential depigmenting agent that reduces melanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and predicts the risk of whitening of the skin. Despite wide acceptance in routine laboratory tests, the conventional methods for whitening agent analysis have been of limited use because of high cost and lower signal sensitivity. Gold nanoparticles have gained considerable interest in improving

Natural dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are becoming promising candidates for replacing synthetic dyes. Graphene oxide is prepared from natural graphite flakes by modified Hummers method. A novel graphene oxide/yttrium oxide (GO/Y2O3) nanocomposites are prepared by chemical precipitation method. The different concentration of (5:1, 5:2, and 5:3) of yttrium oxide nanoparticles exaggerated on the

The present study aims to reveal the influence mechanism of organic sulfur structures and microwave frequency on its dielectric property and establish the relationship between the dielectric properties of organic sulfur components in coal and the efficiency of microwave desulfurization. Results showed that the different polarization mechanisms of organic sulfur compounds lead to the real part of complex

An all‐proportional‐derivative (PD) control‐based modified Smith predictor design is reported here for second‐order delay‐dominated integrating processes. The proposed control structure is realized with two PD controllers along with a first‐order filter towards achieving the desired closed‐loop response. To eliminate the tuning complexity, reported internal model control (IMC) scheme suggests a single

The solubilities of the LiBr−NaBr−KBr−H2O system and its subsystems LiBr−NaBr−H2O and LiBr−KBr−H2O were investigated at 288.15 K by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method, and the corresponding phase diagrams were plotted, respectively. In the three systems, neither solid solution nor double salt was found. For the first subsystem LiBr−NaBr−H2O, there are two invariant points, three dissolution

The present study concentrates on the preparation of activated carbon (AC) from a low‐cost precursor, namely, polyethylene terephthalate waste, as a potential alternative adsorbent to commercially activated carbon for desulfurization of model gasoline at ambient temperature. Polyethylene terephthalate was carbonized at 450°C, and the produced char was steam activated at 750°C for 90 min to prepare

This article experimentally studies the synchronous control of combustion instability and NOx emission in a model gas turbine combustor. The application of tabular jet in cross flow was adopted to test the effectiveness of synchronous control. The flow rate, height, direction, and relative molecular masses were studied in this research. Results suggest that the ideal damping ratio of the sound pressure

This paper is focused on investigating the influences of enhanced granulation with hydrated lime on the propagation of flame front and strength properties of the produced sinter in iron ore sintering. Pilot‐scale sinter pot experiments were performed at three hydrated lime levels, and the porous structures of sinter were reconstructed by high resolution X‐ray tomography. When hydrated lime increased

Bovine Lactoperoxidase (LP), a minor whey protein, is used as an antimicrobial in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical preparations. Industries are in pursuit of reliable, cheap, and scalable purification methods as the conventional techniques for LP purification like chromatography and membrane separation suffer from several drawbacks. The present work investigates the selective reverse micellar extraction

The Mn‐Fe‐Sn/TiO2(MFST) catalysts for NO and Hg co‐removal with SO2 resistance at low temperature were prepared by the impregnation method under different calcination temperatures (300, 400, 500, and 600°C). The influences of calcination temperatures on SO2 resistance and of SO2 concentration on both denitration and demercuration performances of the Mn‐Fe‐Sn/TiO2 catalysts were investigated in a fixed‐bed

To prepare the heterogeneous catalyst for the simultaneous transesterification and esterification of waste cooking oil (WO), 12‐tungustophosphoric acid (TPA) and K+ were loaded over alumina. The catalyst structure was confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction analysis while the catalyst composition and the elemental oxidation state by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic study. The surface morphology of the

The principal objective of this work was to modify the surface of natural bentonite for enhanced adsorption of cationic dyes. In this regard, novel bentonite/carbon composites were synthesized through two routes. Ferrocene/p‐xylene mixture was used as carbon source through (1) hydrothermal decomposition and (2) spray routes during the calcination of sodium‐bentonite (Na‐B) to deposit carbons on the

In this paper, calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel and calcium silicate hydrate doped with asphalt emulsion (EACSH) were synthesised using Na2SiO3•9H2O, Ca (NO3)2•4H2O, NaOH, deionised water and anionic asphalt emulsion. N2 isothermal adsorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effect of asphalt emulsion on morphology and porosity of CSH. The Frenkel–Halsey–Hill

Via coupling the mass balance, energy balance, and power law kinetic equations, a tanks‐in‐series reactor model is established to describe the performance of the industrial in‐series stirred‐tank oxidation reactors for adipic acid (AA) synthesis. Industrial‐scale experiments are carried out for model verification, and the satisfactory agreement between the experimental results and calculated data indicates

A phytic acid‐based surface tolerant epoxy coating was prepared, and the effect of phytic acid on the corrosion resistance of the composite coating on rusty carbon steel substrate was investigated. The results showed that the low‐frequency impedance modulus of the composite coating on rusty carbon steel could reached 108 Ω·cm2 order of magnitude after immersing for 480 h in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Compared

The drive to achieve greater energy efficiencies is well‐established in the fine chemical industries with distillation processes being a key focus due to their disproportionate energy consumption totaling more than 40% of the overall plant. The objective of this paper is to specifically focus on the energy efficiency benefits that would be realized by employing intensified distillation column configurations

A solid acid catalyst aluminum sulfate was prepared and showed good performance for the propylene oxide rearrangement reaction. The selective adsorption of propylene oxide at different acid sites and the amount of acid sites on the catalyst was studied by the pyridine infrared. The results indicated that the rearrangement of propylene oxide on aluminum sulfate is catalyzed by Lewis acid sites. The

In this study, copper hydroxide sulfate (Cu4(OH)6SO4) was synthesized by chemical precipitation using CuSO4 as the precursor material and the first time borax as basic precipitating agent. The synthesized samples were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The decomposition kinetics of Cu4(OH)6SO4 were examined by the thermoanalytical procedures. It was obtained from TG‐DTG data that Cu4(OH)6SO4 has

No abstract is available for this article.

In this work, hierarchically porous nanocrystalline ZSM‐5 was synthesized hydrothermally. Different concentrations of copper were incorporated into the matrix by ion exchange method. The synthesized samples were characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

Glycol‐mediated facile solvothermal process for synthesis of mesoporous cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. The structure, surface functionalization and morphology of the prepared sample are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The role

Polyolester (POE) oil and mineral (Min) oil are widely used in household refrigerators as compressors lubricants in India. An experimental calculation on the thermal, chemical, corrosion, and nature‐friendly properties of POE oil and Min oil suspended with silica nanoparticles is conducted for confirming its practicality to adopt in refrigeration compressors as nanolubricant. No surfactants were used

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for wastewater treatment coupled with electricity generation. Biowaste‐derived electrodes are used to improve the surface area, roughness, and hydrophilicity, which play pivotal role in the enhanced biofilm formation. In the present study, Ficus religiosa leaves (FRL) biowaste was used to develop the bioelectrode. In this study, Congo red (CR) dye

In this paper, the stretching and rupture of liquid bridge are studied by experiment and numerical simulation. In the experiment, the relationship between the critical rupture distance of the liquid bridge and four factors, including volume of liquid bridge, particle initial distance, liquid bridge stretching velocity and liquid bridge viscosity, is quantitatively studied. It is found that the liquid

No abstract is available for this article.

This work investigates the decomposition of K‐feldspar into analcime under alkaline hydrothermal conditions. Two types of raw materials, potassic syenite powder and microcline crystal lumps, were used for hydrothermal treatment. Research techniques of minerals alteration path simulation, powder decomposition experiments, and specific observations were conducted. Results show that K‐feldspar did not

Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) seeds were exploited as possible nonedible feedstock for the synthesis of liquid biofuels, namely, biodiesel and bio‐oil via alkali–alcoholysis and pyrolysis routes, respectively. The alkali–alcoholysis reaction of mandarin seed oil with an equivalent mixture of methanol–ethanol alcohols was examined and optimized by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best experimental yield

Novel palmitic acid–decanoic acid@Ce–Eu/TiO2 (PA–DA@Ce–Eu/TiO2) microspheres with high photocatalysis–thermal–humidity collaborative performance were prepared via a two‐step method. Ce and Eu were used for codoping to modify the TiO2 hollow microspheres to enhance the photocatalytic properties. Furthermore, a eutectic phase change material (PA–DA) was combined with Ce–Eu/TiO2 hollow microspheres to

Agglomeration–deposition of pyrolytic coke particles has been assigned as the main concern of fouling formation of olefin units in heat exchangers, vessels, and towers. The aim of this study is to investigate the agglomeration and the fouling propensity of aliphatic‐coated pyrolytic coke particles in the aqueous phase of quench water. Unusual surface properties of pyrolytic coke particles refer back

To explore the effect of coalbed methane (CBM) airflow on coal oxidation under low temperatures, an experimental apparatus was developed and applied to simulate coal oxidation under different oxidizing atmospheres. The formation of carbon monoxide CO, the index gas, in CBM airflow was analyzed to obtain the optimum concentration of CH4 that exerted the strongest influence on coal oxidation. Then, a

It is evident from several researches that combining a couple of process modifications is effective in reducing reboiler duty in the chemical absorption‐based carbon capture process. Although extensive works on these combined modifications exist in literature, studies on combined lean vapour compression (LVC) and rich solvent preheating (RSP) are unavailable, despite their potentials as promising energy‐saving

The core aim of this manuscript is to recommend analytical tuning rules to regulate and control the air supply pressure moving from the supply manifold (SM) to the electrode (cathode) of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This is done to have an optimal oxygen excess ratio in the fuel cell for enhanced energy generation. The higher order dynamics of PEMFC is approximated to be non‐integer

Realizing ultra‐low NOx emissions during coal combustion is currently a development trend and technical bottleneck of coal combustion technology. To further exploit the low‐nitrogen potentialities in preheating combustion technology, the preheating characteristics, combustion characteristics, and NOx emission characteristics of pulverized coal, after changing operating parameters such as the air equivalence

Mixing at microscales is purely governed by the diffusion mass transport phenomenon, which is a time‐consuming process requiring a prolonged length of the microchannel to obtain desired results. The present study proposes a novel three‐dimensional helical micromixer (TDHM) with a rectangular cross‐section to achieve splendid mixing performance within a short distance contrary to the simple T‐micromixer

In this paper, an experimental apparatus was developed based on the evaporating water tower of the circuit bottom‐ash sluicing system. The formation and movement of single bubble that emerged from an orifice with 5 mm diameter in the middle of the tray were investigated by visual experiments, with water flow rates of 150, 200, and 250 L/h−1, steam flow rate of 5 kg/h−1, and nitrogen flow rates of 0

To solve the ash deposition problem caused by burning high‐calcium Zhundong coal (ZDC), the addition of vermiculite is a promising solution. However, complete mechanisms of vermiculite addition reducing ash deposition are still unknown. In this paper, the effect of vermiculite on sodium emission, ash fusion characteristics, and mineral transformation is investigated. The results show that although

In this study, coke deposits during thermal cracking of light naphtha in the presence of sulfur‐ and sulfur/phosphorous‐containing compounds with different addition methods were investigated from the points of morphology and structure. Sulfur/phosphorous‐containing compounds were applied by continuous addition, pretreatment, and pretreatment followed by continuous addition. As for continuous addition

Hollow fibre membrane bioreactors (HFMBs) have been shown to overcome the diffusion limitation of nutrients (e.g., glucose) from the hollow fibres (lumens) to the porous regions of a scaffold (extracapillary space). However, direct monitoring of glucose diffusion inside the HFMBs is almost impossible because of their small size; thus, various computational modelling frameworks have been developed in

This work focused on the mathematical model establishment and accurately forecast the conditions of thermal storage catalytic combustion about ethyl acetate, using platinum/palladium molecular sieve support reaction system. According to the physical properties of ethyl acetate and the mass transfer and continuity equations, a mathematical model was established using FORTRAN programming. The mathematical

The copper ion reduction and oxidation cycle during the cathodic process of gold thiosulfate leaching was studied using a rotating disc electrode and cyclic voltammetry, and the dynamic characteristics of the system were discussed. In a copper ammonium solution, the redox reactions of were reversible and controlled by substance diffusion. The rotating disc electrode and the reduction method with a

In order to solve the problems of high supercooling, poor thermal conductivity and phase separation after repeated use of Na2S2O3·5H2O with additives. In this paper, Na2S2O3·5H2O is used as the matrix phase change material, and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 3% SrCl2·6H2O, and 10% expanded graphite (EG) are added to prepare the modified Na2S2O3·5H2O composite phase change energy storage material