Robust scheduling for an integrated electricity and heat system (IEHS) is essential to hedge the uncertainties brought by volatile wind power and heat load that could pose critical security threats to IEHS operation. Because of the distributed structure of different energy sectors, their models are managed locally and private information must be protected. In this context, a decoupled solution is favorable

Small wind turbines (SWTs) are promoted to be used in urban areas to mitigate the carbon footprint and expensive upgrades expected from high penetration levels of fast charging stations (FCSs). In this paper, a planning framework is proposed to amplify the total benefit for the owners of FCSs and SWTs as well as local distribution companies (LDCs). A stochastic program is developed to site and size

In the future power systems, a large number of offshore wind farms will be connected to the AC grids through high voltage DC (HVDC) and multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grids. As wind power penetration level increases, complex grid codes and regulations will be imposed on wind turbines for frequency support. To follow any grid code and requirement for frequency support, two important features should be included

Partial shading in a solar PV plant is an important concern as it reduces the output power. Dynamic array reconfiguration (DAR) helps in reducing the impact of partial shading. But, it has its own limitations. Further, DAR does not guarantee single peak in array power-voltage characteristics during partial shading. It requires sophisticated and costly MPPT controller to track the global peak in order

An ADMM-based hierarchical optimal active power control (HOAPC) scheme is proposed for synthetic inertial response of large-scale wind farms. The proposed scheme coordinates the active power outputs of wind turbines (WTs) inside the wind farm during the synthetic inertial response process, aiming to minimize the differences in the rotor speed of the WTs and the wind energy loss caused by the decrease

Before diode rectifier (DR) technology for connecting offshore wind farms (OWFs) to HVdc is deployed, in-depth studies are needed to assess the actual capabilities of DR-connected OWFs to contribute to the secure operation of the networks linked to them. This study assesses the capability of such an OWF to provide communication-less frequency support (CLFS) to an onshore ac network. It is shown that

Uncoordinated adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) imposes further load on the distribution network, and therefore may result in disruptive impacts on the grid. Transactive coordination of PEVs has been introduced as an effective approach to mitigate these negative consequences. This paper furthers efforts enabling PEVs to participate in a real-time retail electricity market under a transactive

Photovoltaic arrays with overlapped bypass diodes have dissimilar characteristics in comparison to normal-bypass diodes arrays. Investigation of partially shaded PV arrays with overlapped bypass diodes is more intricate because of the presence of shared PV cells linked antiparallel to bypass diodes. Calculating the power-peaks of partially shaded PV arrays is time consuming due to the need for simulating

As the penetration rate of new energies, energy storage devices and electric vehicles increases continuously in power grid, power grid faces strong random disturbances, as well as the issues of downfall in frequency control ability induced by the factors such as system inertia reduction and frequency control under-capacity in traditional power units. Therefore, an algorithm of automatic generation

Due to the long-distance transmission, external grid cannot effectively support the access point voltage (APV) of the large-scale wind farm (WF), which thus entails DFIG-based WF to provide its ancillary services on reactive power generation. Considering factors of limited down-sized converter capacity, various operating modes of wind turbines (WTs), and the large pressure of large-scale WF communication

With the rapid development of wind farm worldwide, monitoring the status of numerous wind turbines becomes the essential work. Abnormal data in wind power curve (WPC) are quite important for wind farm operations and maintenances because they usually reveal wind turbine failures or some extreme conditions. This paper proposes a new algorithm of WPC abnormal data detection and cleaning by image thresholding

With the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources in the smart grid era, there is an utmost requirement to develop prediction models that can accurately forecast solar irradiance. The stochastic nature of solar irradiance considerably affects photo-voltaic (PV) power generation. Since weather conditions have a high impact on solar irradiance; therefore, we need weather-conscious forecasting

The power synchronization control strategy for grid-connected voltage-source converters (VSCs) provides an operation similar to synchronous machines. It is able to avoid the instability caused by a standard phase-locked loop in integration into weak grids. However, the non-minimum phase phenomenon in the developed dynamics places a fundamental limitation on the ac system's stability. This paper proposes

In this paper, an arbitrage strategy is proposed for renewable-based microgrids (MGs) to overcome the volatile behavior of renewable energy sources (RESs) such as photovoltaic and wind in a newly emerged business space in which peer-to-peer (P2P) energy-trading in transactive energy markets (TEMs) set up between a day-ahead market (DAM) and real-time markets (RTMs). To identify arbitrage opportunities

Distributed energy resources (DERs) can be utilized as alternative power sources for fast service recovery in cases of distribution system outages. However, the diverse characteristics and stochastic nature of DERs impose challenges on the optimal operation of diverse resources during the restoration phase. In this article, we introduce a hierarchical structure to coordinate distribution system entities

This article develops a novel nonlinear controller for the mitigation of drivetrain torsional oscillations of wind turbine generators following large disturbances. The key idea is to integrate differential geometry theory with an extended state observer. Differential geometry allows transforming the wind turbine generator nonlinear model into a simple second-order Brunovsky system, whereas the extended

This paper presents a deep residual network for improving time-series forecasting models, indispensable to reliable and economical power grid operations, especially with high shares of renewable energy sources. Motivated by the potential performance degradation due to the overfitting of the prevailing stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) layers associated with its linear stacking

While recent years have witnessed the high potential of various machine learning based schemes in wind turbine fault prognosis (WTFP), none of them effectively tackle the challenging yet practical issue of severe operational data loss during WTFP. To address this issue, this paper develops an intelligent time series (TS) data analytics approach for missing data-tolerant WTFP. Instead of struggling

This article proposes a new control strategy for the voltage regulation of unbalanced low-voltage (LV) distribution grids with high penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (DRESs). The proposed method uses the available reactive power of DRESs as the primary means for voltage regulation. Furthermore, its distinct feature is the use of a distributed control architecture prioritizing the

Health management can effectively extend the service life of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and reduce the maintenance cost. This paper proposes a health management method for the proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on an active fault tolerant control method. With the advantages of low cost and high speed, a stack voltage model is developed for the condition monitoring. The fast electrochemical

This article addresses the challenging task of developing a procedure for the day-ahead dispatch planning of wind power which emanates from a wide geographical area. Using the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition technique, it is shown that the low-frequency components of the area aggregated wind power account for the largest proportions of the perturbing energy harnessed from the wind. By

Axisymmetric heaving point absorbers are popular wave energy converters because of their easy deployment and insensitivity to incident wave directions. These devices are designed ideally to resonate with the incident wave to achieve high power output. However, as the device resonant frequency deviates from the dominant frequency of ever-changing irregular waves, the performance drops drastically. To

Thanks to the demand response (DR), the system operators have a substantial opportunity to manipulate the demand side of the power system. Moreover, the system operators can easily incorporate trending technologies such as electric vehicles (EV) due to the idea of introducing improved level of controllable loads. In this study, a real-time optimization-based energy management model for an EV parking

This paper develops an incident energy-based model for fixed multi-row bifacial PV systems considering ground albedo and different configuration parameters, including the inclination (tilt) and orientation angles, the height off the ground, and the horizontal distance between PV rows. The various view factors (VFs) involved in the study, sky model, and the angular position of the sun are included in

As a kind of renewable energy with economic and environmental friendliness, wind energy is widely used, although the high uncertainty of wind speed has significant impact on the operation and planning of wind power systems. Thus, scenario generation of wind speed is the primary step to obtain optimal decisions. However, as to the wind power plants to be newly-built or expanded, adequate wind data may

In this paper, the stochastic energy management of electric bus charging stations (EBCSs) is investigated, where the photovoltaic (PV) with integrated battery energy storage systems (BESS) and bus-to-grid (B2G) capabilities of electric buses (EBs) are included for cost-effective charging of EBs. Also, the day-ahead dynamic prices are derived to mitigate charging impacts on power distribution systems

In this paper we study dynamical distortion problems in future electrical energy systems with high renewable penetration. We introduce a new time-domain modeling of electrical energy systems comprising inverter-controlled distributed energy resources (DERs). This modeling is first used to quantify the relations between distortions and real/reactive power dynamics. Next, to ensure acceptable Quality

Inverters are the most vulnerable parts of the photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Therefore, choosing an appropriate inverter topology to maximize the reliability and availability of the PV power plants is very important, especially in the large scale power plants. This paper proposes a novel index named Total Financial Losses (TFL) to compare different inverter topologies from reliability and energy

Massive adoptions of combined heat and power (CHP) units necessitate the coordinated operation of the power system and district heating system (DHS). Exploiting the reconfigurable property of district heating networks (DHNs) provides a potentially cost-effective solution to enhance the flexibility of the power system by readjusting the configuration for heat supply, which has not been addressed in

In this article, the synchronizing dynamic issue of VSC dominated power system is focused on. First, based on the discovered analogous synchronizing dynamical process of VSC (voltage source converter) and SG (synchronous generator), the dynamics of VSC's PLL (phase locked loop) is modeled in the similar form of SG's rotor motion. The influence of control interaction on PLL is modeled in the same way

Ocean wave energy is a renewable energy which remains too costly for large-scale electricity generation. The oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converter (WEC) is a promising device-type with a rectifying air turbine and generator which convert alternating airflow induced by the water motion into kinetic energy then into electric energy. Applying control at each stage of energy conversion could

Field experiences have shown that sub-synchronous oscillations (SSOs) can occur in direct-drive wind farms with VSC-HVDC (DDWFV) systems. In light of this, a dynamic mathematical model of the DDWFV is established in this paper. The SSO characteristics are analyzed through the eigenvalue method. Considering the participation factor, the analysis reveals that the SSO is mainly affected by the grid-side

Distributed generations (DGs) have been increasingly employed in AC microgrids to provide carbon-free power supply. To coordinate multiple DGs, careful attention must be paid to the synchronization stability of their interfaced inverters. Otherwise, low-frequency oscillations and even loss of synchronism may occur and pose a great threat to the system. The conventional solutions towards this issue

Right-half-plain (RHP) zeros can significantly deteriorate a control system's dynamic performances as it exhibits non-minimum-phase behaviors. In this paper, we investigate the occurrence mechanism of RHP zeros in weak-grid-tied VSCs as well as provide guidance for minimizing their effects. A reduced-order multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transfer function of the weak-grid-tied VSC is firstly obtained

With the rapid development of communication technology, the cooperation between electrical systems and other energy systems has become possible to promote wind power accommodation. As a common kind of energy carrier, the water distribution system has not been researched so far to help accommodate wind power when integrated with other energy systems. This paper proposes a novel model of integrated electrical

Performance analysis is conducted for an adaptive bistable point absorber wave energy converter under white noise wave excitation. The adaptive bistable wave power capture mechanism is composed of two oblique springs responsible for bistable characteristics, and two auxiliary springs realizing the ‘adaptive’ feature. White noise wave excitation is adopted to explore the effects of multi-frequency input

Controllable distributed resources can offer great potential benefits to the power systems since they possess considerable operation flexibility. However, a high-dimensional mathematical problem is emerged when modeling the massive distributed resources (DRs) with heterogeneous parameters. In light of this, based on the aggregation and disaggregation processes of massive DRs of small capacity, a model

As a key part of modern power systems, DC microgrid is becoming increasingly important. Among different control methods for DC microgrid, secondary control has been widely investigated since it can guarantee both current sharing and DC bus voltage restoration. However, the existing secondary control results only consider fixed current sharing ratio among DC converters, and thus they cannot be applied

With increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the power systems, the frequency stability becomes a crucial concern. This issue can be handled with some auxiliary frequency controllers which use the kinetic energy of blades of the variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs). This paper focuses on the deficiencies of conventional virtual inertia controller (VIC). Efficiency decrement of VSWT

The market illiquidity and inflexible demand response (DR) participation are within the main restrictions in today's existing intra-day (ID) market. This paper proposes a modified ID market which enables direct transactions of updated forecast information regarding power deviations instead of trading deviated power. The modification brings about no significant challenges for participants as suppliers

Generation scheduling decision-making of power systems with renewable energy and energy storage (ES) is a multistage stochastic programming problem in nature, in which unit commitment (UC) decisions have to be made one day ahead before uncertainties are revealed, and hourly economic dispatch (ED) decisions are successively determined when real uncertainty realizations are observed gradually (i.e.,

To overcome the topographic limitations of pumped hydro storage (PHS) system, novel gravity energy storage (GES) technologies are developing. In this paper, a pioneering work on the modeling and scheduling of a GES system is conducted. The GES system stores and releases energy by lifting and lowering concrete bricks. Since the working principle of the GES system is similar to that of a PHS plant, a

The increasing penetration of proactive agents in electric power distribution systems calls for mechanisms to coordinate their trading activities. The commonly employed centralized and distributed methods for supply-demand coordination are not only limited by hardware requirements but also restrictive for active participation of the market agents. This paper proposes a novel decentralized transactive

For practical PV generation forecasting, it is sometimes the case that the input data is missing or incomplete due to measurement and recording errors, which makes the application of a machine learning-based PV forecasting model difficult or impossible. This letter presents a new forecasting framework to address this practical and important issue. The super-resolution perception convolutional neural

The subsynchronous oscillations (SSO) caused by the dense integration of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (DPMSG) based wind farms have threatened the secure and stable operation of the local Hami power grid in Xinjiang Region, China. The DPMSG-involved SSO events show three new characteristics: random occurrence, time-varying frequency and amplitude, and wide involvement of all

This paper presents an accurate and realistic estimation of reactive power capability of solar photovoltaic (PV) inverters considering ambient temperature, solar irradiance, and terminal voltage. Based on the accurate estimation of reactive power capability, a self-adaptive voltage controller is proposed to enable solar PV power plant participation in voltage control ancillary service. The proposed

Given the increasing complexity and scale of power networks, the probability of system collapse has dramatically increased during natural disasters and malicious cyber attacks. The results of recent studies indicate the state-of-the-art solution to overcome these challenges is to partition existing power networks into several interconnected areas. To address this open problem, this paper presents a

Reactive power sources have the potential for active distribution network (ADN) loss reduction and voltage profile improvement. However, the effective operation of reactive power sources depends upon their proper placement and sizing. To address this issue, this paper presents an optimal reactive power source allocation strategy in ADN. The salient feature of this strategy is that, by incorporating

In this paper, a study of the day-ahead unit commitment problem with stochastic wind power generation is presented, which considers conditional, and correlated wind power forecast errors through a distributionally robust optimization approach. Firstly, to capture the characteristics of random wind power forecast errors, the least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (Lasso) is utilized to develop

The emergence of prosumers, as new players in the distribution networks, provides the opportunity to manage distributed energy resources (DERs) at a local level. However, designing an appropriate framework that empowers prosumers to manage their resources and trade energy with each other is a challenging task. This paper proposes a framework for joint scheduling and power trading of a community of

Coordinated operation of various energy sources has drawn the attention of many power producers worldwide. In this paper, a Concentrating Solar Power Plant (CSPP) along with a wind power station, a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) unit, and a Demand Response Provider (DRP) constitute the considered Hybrid Power Producer (HPP). In this regard, this paper deals with the optimal participation of the

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Centralized biogas plant (CBP) provides an attractive solution to the energy supply for district heating, electric loads, and residential cooking in remote areas via a local biogas delivery network. To overcome the challenges of biomass availability for CBPs, an integrated expansion planning model is proposed in this paper. The model makes investment decisions on the sequential planning of integrated

In complex-terrain wind farms (WFs), a serious uneven distribution of fatigue loads increases the operation and maintenance cost of wind power generation. Therefore, this study proposes a comprehensive optimization for fatigue loads of wind turbine (WT) components. The optimization is performed at two levels: WT and WF. The central controller of WF redispatches the active power reference for each WT

This paper proposes a new bi-objective optimization model, trading-off cost and environmental impacts, for sizing the key electrical and thermal devices in a zero energy building (ZEB), i.e., a building that roughly generates as much renewable energy as it consumes annually. A salient novel feature is the consideration of the environmental impacts, computed through a rigorous life cycle assessment

The electrical energy generated from renewable energy resources connected to transmission and distribution systems and the displacement of synchronous generators continues to grow. This presages a paradigm-shift away from the traditional provision of ancillary services, essential to ensure a robust system, from transmission-connected synchronous generators towards provision from synchronous and non-synchronous