In this paper, a novel control method based on model predictive control (MPC) and torque sharing function (TSF) is addressed to minimize the torque ripple of switched reluctance motor (SRM). Firstly, an accurate SRM model is established based on flux-linkage characteristic curves obtained from the locked rotor test, which can predict the future operation state of the SRM drive system. Secondly, an

In industries, particularly the construction field, the number of workers is decreasing because of the falling number of young new hires and the increasing number of existing elderly workers. Therefore, it is important to improve the productivity of each worker at a construction site. At many construction sites, operation and decision-making skills of construction machine operators are required, and

This paper introduces the concept of intermittently connected sensor networks where sensors are sleep most of time and become active randomly and rarely. In the networks, packet collision probability and power consumption can be reduced. Meanwhile, the delivery delay increases with the use of the low activation values. In this paper, we design the energy-efficient intermittently connected sensor networks

Data-driven minimum variance regulatory controllers directly tunes controller parameters using regulatory control data for improving disturbance attenuation properties. The approach is originally derived for one-shot controller parameter tuning. That is followed by iterative methods by way of just repeating one-shot tuning method. The present work considers such iterative controller parameter tuning

It is well recognized that an adaptive output feedback control based on almost strictly positive real-ness (ASPR) or output feedback strictly passivity (OFSP) property of the system has strong robustness with respect to disturbances and uncertainty. However, most practical systems do not have such properties. In order to realize an augmented ASPR system for designing adaptive output feedback controller

The progress in electricity deregulation has made electricity systems more economical while maintaining stability. Therefore, the stability of an electricity system should be evaluated more strictly than done previously. We propose a robust calculation method of voltage stability margin (VSM). The proposed method is based on the optimal-power-flow-based direct method (OPF-DM), which can calculate VSM

The Society 5.0, advocated by the Japanese government in 2016, represents the society of the near future. In this context, the development and securing of human resources in mathematics, data science, and AI are urgent issues to promote technological innovation in the future. In this paper, a teaching material specializing in chassis of the vehicle performance in junior high school technology education

Lots of process systems are affected by mutual interaction between inputs and outputs. Therefore, in designing a single-input/single-output (SISO) control system, it is often the case where the desired control performance cannot be obtained under the influence of inputs/outputs included in other loops. On the other hand, multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) control systems can be constructed for such systems

This paper intends to derive a detailed representation and attain a suitable computation method for the traction network. The transient analysis of the lossy multiconductor transmission lines (MTLs) is performed considering the electromagnetic characteristics of the rail track, which accounts for the frequency-dependent and distributed nature of the line parameters over the entire frequency range for

The multilevel inverter is the most advanced power conversion system, whose main advantage is to improve power quality and efficiency. Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter is a kind of inverter that can be selected in the field of motor drive systems, electric vehicles and photovoltaic grid-connected power generations. However, the CHB multilevel inverters require a great deal of independent

MV-index that quantitatively evaluates the steady state control performance is a method of setting the minimum variance as a benchmark, and it is widely used mainly for process control. However, since the minimum variance is intended to make the output of the dead time ahead coincide with the reference signal, realizing this is not realistic. This research proposes a new control performance index considering

In induction motor no-load test, the no-load losses usually include the stator copper loss, iron loss, the friction, and the windage losse, and the stray loss, and the rotor aluminum loss often is ignored. In this paper, a new method that separates the rotor aluminum loss from the no-load losses is mentioned. Although, in IEEE Standard 112 and IEC34-2, the rotor aluminum loss is neglected in no-load

At present, there are mainly two kinds of transaction modes in the power market: bilateral negotiation mode and centralized bidding mode. Bilateral negotiation mode means users' purchases power directly from power plants, whereas centralized bidding mode means power plants and power users conduct power transactions through a Power Trading Center. This paper adopts evolutionary game theory to model

New parameter-tuning methods, called data-driven tuning, have been proposed, which can derive the controller parameters without using plant models. These include iterative feedback tuning (IFT), virtual reference feedback tuning (VRFT), and fictious reference iterative tuning (FRIT). In this study, a simple data-driven tuning method is proposed. Through closed-loop experiments, one-shot input data

The dual-rate control system, in which the sampling interval is an integer multiple of the holding interval, is designed using the null-space of the steady-state characteristic of the controlled plant. In the proposed method, a dual-rate control law is extended independent of the steady-state discrete-time output response. As a result, the intersample ripples caused by the input oscillation are eliminated

When titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles are irradiated with ultrasound, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is enhanced. The application of this phenomenon to infection prevention and cancer treatment has been extensively studied. However, to date, it has not been adequately verified whether the use of TiO2 particles induce the optimal production of ROS. In this study, we compared the enhancement

In this paper, we measured the armature velocity of an experimental electromagnetic launcher by B-dot method and analyzed the change of the armature's average speed. The electromagnetic gun launching process was also simulated by Ansoft Maxwell simulation software. The launch current is used as the model's excitation which means that the current in the model is the same as the rail current. Ansoft

The fractional slot concentrated winding structure effectively solves the difficulty of low-speed and high-torque permanent magnet (PM) machines with a large number of poles and slots, but it also brings a wealth of magnetomotive force (MMF) harmonic. The winding function method is used to compare and analyze the stator MMF distribution and harmonic content of the fractional slot PM machines with different

In recent years, various method of air conditioning control and making operation plans have been developed. They require a building thermal model, but for making the model detailed design data is needed. Several model construction methods have been proposed up to now, but they are for buildings surrounded by walls made with one material. In this situation for deriving the room temperature and air conditioner

Although the correlation filtering tracker for visual target tracking has achieved excellent results in both accuracy and robustness, there are still some problems yet to be solved. Obtaining stable scale estimation using traditional trackers is a challenging problem in visual target tracking, and many trackers fail to handle scale change in complex video sequences. In order to solve the problems of

In this paper, a new method is proposed to identify the parameters of roll motion equation using the response data of ship in regular waves. The proposed method is based on the fact that if the estimated parameters are close to the true parameters, then, its response are also close to the true response. Therefore, the parameter identification is achieved via minimizing the mean square error between

This study aims to elucidate whether the force applied by an infant's tongue differs or not depending on geometrical differences in the artificial nipples. We developed three sensorized artificial nipple devices using six small force sensors and we have measured the tongue force during sucking in 11 infants. As a result, we have showed that the order of sensor responses and sucking period are similar

Asphalt pavement performance prediction is an important issue for pavement management system. However, it is a difficult problem because asphalt pavement performance are affected by many factors. In this paper, a new method based on fractional gray model is proposed to predict the asphalt pavement performance with a limited data. The proposed method adopts fractional accumulating generating operation

At present, intermittent control is a main method to solve the problem of pumping output voltage with light load of LLC resonant converter, which can not only solve the problem of high pumping output voltage, but also, to a certain extent, improve the efficiency of light load to a certain extent when converter is operating. However, in extremely light-loading, especially in no- loading, with the intermittent

Y-capacitors are widely used in flyback converters to suppress common-mode (CM) noise to comply with the strict electromagnetic interference (EMI) standards. However, Y-capacitors increase the leakage current between the primary and secondary side, which is not allowed in the applications with high safety requirements. In this paper, the displacement current models of two conventional De-Y methods

In this paper, an improved auto disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed control system. Specifically, the improved ADRC is proposed to solve the defect that the nonlinear function of traditional ADRC is not differentiable at the piecewise point. In addition, considering that there are numerous parameters to be optimized in ADRC, an improved

This paper presents a maximum efficiency algorithm (MEA), aiming at minimizing both copper loss and iron loss, for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system. The equivalent circuit model is utilized to reach the optimal dq-current function with the optimal process. Besides, the current–voltage limitation algorithm for the MEA is proposed to solve the current limitation and

In Japan, programming education has become compulsory in elementary school, and it is expected that programming thinking will flourish in elementary school and beyond by fostering programming thinking in young children. There have been several studies of toys for fostering programming thinking in young children. However, they have some problems. In this letter, we develop a programming toy for young

During the operation of the power transformer, the fault location often occurs in the winding, and the fault phenomenon caused by insufficient short-circuit withstand ability of the winding is particularly prominent. Based on this problem, this article proposes an improved symplectic geometry mode decomposition (ISGMD) algorithm to evaluate the short-circuit withstand ability of winding. The realization

In ‘Society5.0’, realization of super smart society will be possible by analyzing big data in the cyber space (virtual space) and by feeding back useful information to the physical space (real space). In the construction industry, since unexpected machine failures are huge losses for users who have to proceed with construction according to their construction plans, machine breakdowns must be avoided

In the recent technological development of 5G communication systems either cellular or other broadcast applications, a lot of research is being done on millimeter-wave antenna arrays. High frequency antennas in millimeter-wave range are used to achieve high speed communications with the data rate in Gb/s. This article presents two high gain 5G antenna arrays on a single substrate with no side lobes

This paper presents a buck–boost maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit suitable for solar cars. The MPPT controller, which consists of analog elements with a small number of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor elements, achieved accurate tracking of the maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation and contributed to the power savings and weight reduction. A buck–boost dc–dc converter

The biological effects of direct current (DC) and extremely low frequency (ELF) electric fields (EFs) have not been completely clarified. However, scholars have proposed that body hair movement on the body surface in the EFs triggers these effects. The electric forces in DC or alternating current (AC) EFs have been discussed, and a theoretical equation has been proposed, which considers either AC or

A new image dehazing algorithm based on adaptive sky region is proposed in this paper, which shows good fidelity in sky region and satisfying visual effect in non-sky region. For robust sky segmentation, we propose a rough-to-fine method that can make a balance between efficiency and accuracy. Considering distribution of haze is inconsistent, we divide the input image into three parts and calculate

A novel low-power, tuneable resolution and low-current sensing analog-to-digital converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed architecture consists of silicon neurons along with digital circuits. The architecture is tuned for input signal ranging from 100 nA to 3.3 μA with power supply of 1 V/3.3 V for digital blocks and silicon neurons respectively. The design is simulated using 0.18 μm CMOS

Credit scoring model (CSM) is a risk management tool that assesses the credit worthiness of a customer borrower by estimating her probability of default based on historical data. Traditionally CSM is built by logit model or decision tree algorithm in financial companies, and in recent studies CSM has been integrated with machine learning algorithms such as random forest and gradient boosting to process

To monitor the galloping state of the catenary positive feeder of the Lanzhou–Urumqi high-speed railway in the gale area, on the basis of previous research results, an online multi-point distributed galloping monitoring system based on wireless sensor network (WSN) was designed, and the author improves the design of each part of the catenary positive feeder galloping monitoring system to enhance its

Residual current device (RCD), the critical equipment to protect the safety of electrical users, are known to experience performance degrade over time during their use lifetime. Therefore, in order to promptly replace the RCD before failure, it is very important to predict its lifetime. In order to predict the remaining life of the RCD, a constant-stress accelerated degradation test (CSADT) and a combination

This study demonstrates personal identification based on the movement of picking up an object placed on the floor. A Doppler radar identifies the picking-up movement, consequently, the radar images of time–velocity distribution (spectrogram images) were input to a convolutional neural network to recognize the individuals. The experimental results showed an 85.9% accuracy in identifying six men. This

The edge effect due to the special structure of two degree-of-freedom direct induction motor (2DoFDDIM) results in three-phase asymmetric current, high torque ripple, more loss and low efficiency. In this paper, to weaken edge effect of 2DoFDDIM rotary part, poles optimization is carried out considering the constraint of rotary arc-armature size. In order to obtain optimum parameters and high efficiency

During the operation of the independent DC microgrid, the bus voltage will fluctuate with the random changes of the load and source. To maintain the stability of the bus voltage, a control strategy needs to be introduced in the DC microgrid. According to the bus voltage change of DC microgrid, this paper establishes a large-signal mathematical model of DC microgrid with constant power load. Taking

Halbach array has been more frequently used in the field of electromagnetism in recent days because of some unique advantages such as the self-shielding and sinusoidal field distribution. In order to reduce the impact of the high order harmonic content of the air-gap flux density of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) on the performance of the machine, a new non-uniform Halbach

We propose a 12-to-5 V DC-DC converter using a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC)-based multi-layer circuit technology. The converter using seven-layer LTCC includes an embedded metal layout strategy to achieve noise mitigation. The measured efficiency and maximum output ripple noise of the proposed converter prototype were 96.18% and 73.75 mVpp, respectively. From the result of electromagnetic

Accurate and prompt localization of hazardous release sources ensures a timely emergency response to potential damages. Robot odor source localization is the study of locating the release source based on mobile robots in real-time, which has been experiencing rapid growth in recent years. This paper presents a review of this field, focusing on recent progress and development trends. Research works

Source-load stochasticity affects the safety, stability and economical operation of power grid, and makes it difficult to design optimal dispatch. Currently, due to the low accuracy of day-ahead forecast for wind power and load, dynamic optimal dispatch based on ultra-short-term wind power prediction is an effective way to reduce the power deviation in power system and to relieve the operating pressure

In recent years, massive introduction of photovoltaic power sources (PV) has compounded the problem of voltage fluctuation in distribution networks. The problem has been recognized from early on, and many research studies have been already reported. However, majority of the previous studies focused on high-voltage distribution networks. Hence, in this study, the authors investigated appropriate configurations

The evaluation of the failure probability is essential in the reliability-centered and risk-based maintenance of power transformers. The breakage of the pressboard in disc-type transformers is one of the critical factors determining the lifetimes of power transformers. In this paper, a hierarchical method for evaluating the probability of pressboard failure, which is the breakage of the pressboard

In this paper, synthesis of a complex prototype filter including no inductors and its realization using Second Generation Current Conveyors (CCII's) are proposed. The proposed complex prototype filter is obtained through the frequency shifting method and an equivalent transformation. The proposed complex prototype filter includes no inductors and has fewer nodes connected to imaginary resistors than

Large capacitances are needed for low-frequency active filters to process biomedical signals. The large capacitance can be implemented on a chip by an impedance scaling circuit. However, the characteristics of the circuit are affected by process variations. Then, we have proposed a digitally programmable impedance scaling circuit using electrical switches to compensate for the process variations. This

Brain hypothermia is widely operated to prevent peripheral healthy brain tissue from secondary damage, caused by increased brain temperature due to hypermetabolism around the damaged areas. Selective brain hypothermia is a new clinical technique of brain hypothermia for a brain disorder. Appropriate solution in a controlled temperature is directly infused into the artery to cool down a brain tissue

A simple and fast diagnostic method for multiple open-circuit faults in voltage-source inverters based on the current vector phase is proposed. The characteristics of the current vector phase in both healthy and faulty conditions are analyzed in detail, and simple fault symptom variables are defined to extract the features for fault isolation. The proposed method can diagnose 21 types of open-circuit

This study presents a novel alternating current (AC) direct light emitting diode (LED) driving integrated circuit (IC) and system applied to street lighting. In the proposed driving IC, the level shifter circuit is specially designed to enable it to be directly powered by the 380 V 50 Hz three-phase AC, so that the characteristics of the three-phase AC can be utilized to reduce the harmful optical

In order to take the advantage of boost capability and filtering characteristics of the switched inductor/capacitor, a non-isolated switched inductor/capacitor (NSI/C) converter is proposed. The topological structure of the non-isolated switched inductor/capacitor converter is analyzed in detail, and the DC steady-state model is established in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The voltage gain of the

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used for neuromodulation of the human brain. However, the technique is not widely used for small animal models. Here, we propose millimeter-sized coils for brain stimulation of small animals. To estimate the electric field distributions of TMS coils, we performed magnetic flux density measurements and computer simulation using a simplified model combining

Daily pulsation measurements are useful for managing various health conditions. In this article, we discuss the development of a technique that uses wearable devices for measuring pulsations using bioimpedance. The pulsations from the study subject were measured using wrist-attached electrodes in the MHz band. Results showed that pulsations can be measured based on the changes in the bioimpedance under

The spatial resolution of a cable fault location method by frequency domain reflectometry was examined experimentally by giving two abnormalities intentionally along a 31.5-m coaxial cable. As a result, two clear signal peaks appear, which can locate the presence of two hot spots perfectly if they are separated by more than 30 cm at a position about 15 m from the cable end with a measuring device.

The infrastructure construction of charging facilities for electric vehicles (EVs) is one of the key factors influencing the development of electric vehicle industry. A reasonable location and capacity determination scheme is very crucial to this issue. In this study, a probability calculation model that fully analyses the charging behavior of the owners is proposed to predict the charging load of

A compressed arc extinguishing device for power distribution network is developed to solve the problem of existing anti-lightning of power distribution network transmission lines. This paper first introduces the arc extinguishing principle of the arc extinguishing device, and then designs the lightning impulse voltage test around the 10 kV transmission line. The test results show that the U50% Lightning

Residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) are used to provide electric shock protection, initial and periodical verification is necessary to check the effectiveness of RCCBs. This paper presents an auto-monitoring system with simple application circuit and low power consumption, which can test the function of the current transformer, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), tripping solenoid, controller

We introduce a novel approach for generating 2D RGB color images with a plot from the micro text (tweet) to be used for the overall polarity classification process of sentiment analysis. Researchers generally use word embedding and external resource-based embedding techniques for text preprocessing of sentiment analysis through machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing approaches