Abstract The selection of an analytical expression approximating an empirical probability distribution function is considered. For specific examples, the problems that arise in the analysis of data from simulations and tests of aerospace products are identified. These problems cannot be solved by classical statistical methods. A universal approach based on estimation of the distance between the empirical

Abstract The influence of the smoothing force, the tool radius, the machining speed, and the supply on the distribution of azimuthal and axial residual stress, the microhardness, and the depth of strain hardening is analyzed for the machining of 30ХГСН2А-ВД steel by ASB-1 synthetic diamond. Empirical equations for these parameters are presented.

Abstract Formalization of the search for technological bases is considered in the machining of a slotted shaft. The ISG format is employed. The use of geometric information in IGS file format is analyzed. The following parameters are identified: the spatial position of a plane; its coordinates; the coordinates of its vertices, the configuration of the generatrices, and the edge positions.

Abstract A smoothing tool is developed for commutator plates in electric motors. The dependence of the surface roughness on the applied tool force is established.

Abstract A model is proposed for economic assessment of projected airplane engines, in terms of life-cycle costs. Adoption of a new strategy is recommended: management of engine life on the basis of the current state of the system (on-condition maintenance) and increase in economic efficiency at the operational stage. A conceptual approach to extending the life of promising aircraft engines is outlined

Abstract A method is proposed for straightening nonrigid parts by surface plastic deformation. This method is based on the change in the stress–strain state of the workpiece in finishing.

Abstract A system is described for producing spherical metal powder (particle size 0.5–100 µm), with specified granulometric composition.

Abstract The operating conditions of airplane components are considered. Protection of such components against fretting corrosion by electrospark surfacing is discussed.

Abstract Approaches to the automation of sawing are outlined for the timber industry, so as to improve product quality and increase the productivity. A robot multisaw system with circular motion of linear saw blades is proposed.

Abstract Analysis and experiments highlight the key features in the formation of the output parameters for centerless finishing of precision components in different manufacturing sectors. The data obtained may be used to increase the productivity and the surface quality of the machined surface on existing centerless-finishing systems.

Abstract The proposed boring head may be removed from the machined hole without scratching the wall. To prevent scratching, the head diameter may be adjusted by as much as 0.4 mm. The maximum accuracy of the hole diameter corresponds to the eighth quality class. Such tools are used to produce holes of diameter 70–200 mm.

Abstract A universal approach is proposed for optimizing the geometric parameters of two-bearing stepped shafts, so as to minimize the volume of a shaft consisting of three steps, with two adapters. The solution is appropriate for three design variants. A computational algorithm based on the model is derived for the optimization process. A numerical example is presented.

Abstract Prediction of the demand for the An-124-100 airplane in freight air transport by simulation is considered. Analysis of model data reveals the dynamics of the basic air freight characteristics—specifically the growth in demand for the delivery of heavy nonstandard cargo—and the need to resume Russian production of heavy-duty freight carriers analogous to the An-124-100 aircraft. The projected

Abstract The use of magnetic abrasive machining in the production of components for gas-turbine airplane engines is considered. The abrasive machining of a titanium alloy, high-speed steel, and a hard WC–Co alloy by means of a suspension of diamond powder and carbonyl iron particles in a hydrocarbon liquid is analyzed.

Abstract A model is developed to describe the refraction of an elastic transverse wave by an immersed concave cylindrical surface. The wave may be incident on the liquid surface at any angle. Immersional monitoring of a small-diameter pipeline is considered.

Abstract The fundamental principles are developed for mathematical modeling on the basis of electrical analogy. The construction of such models for mechanisms in metal-cutting machines is illustrated.

Abstract A method of assessing the manufacturability of products by means of specialized coefficients is analyzed. Its main defects are noted. Formulas are proposed for manufacturability coefficients that eliminate these defects. In the formulas, the degree to which the coefficients affect the manufacturing complexity is taken into account.

Abstract A method is proposed for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of a matrix composite with several types of spherical inclusions, in the case of contact thermal resistance at the matrix–inclusion boundary. The method is based on generalized effective-field approximation for a inhomogeneous medium containing inclusions that have an outer shell. As an example, calculations are presented

Abstract Approaches to testing with random loads are discussed. To ensure that loading is random, a modeling method is proposed, on the basis of Markov transition matrices and processes observed in practice.

Abstract A model is proposed for the formation of surface relief in strip milling. The recommended procedure is to select the milling conditions on the basis of a regression equation expressing the final surface relief as a function of those conditions. Regulation of the milling conditions in terms of tool wear improves the mill life and productivity.

Abstract The economic efficiency of dirigibles for intercontinental tourism is assessed. The capabilities of dirigibles are established, and the specifics of tourist operation for a particular dirigible are considered. The basic measure of efficiency is selected. Economic analysis permits conclusions regarding such uses of dirigibles.

Abstract Construction of a speech module for a social autonomous robot permitting communication with humans is considered. The goal of the dialog is to assess the human’s state of health, characterized by a set of specified health parameters (a health profile). The structure of the speech module for robot–human dialog permitting health assessment is determined. Tests of a speech-module mockup demonstrate

Abstract The proposed mechanism not only decreases the risk of high-tech investment projects but also attracts additional financing. The individual fteatures of this mechanism are considered.

Abstract Control software for assessing the condition of aircraft is described. The software produces guaranteed probabilistic estimates of the aircraft’s condition on the basis of flight information from on-board instruments. The operational characteristics of the software are considered. The capabilities of the software are illustrated for the example of flight data from a training jet.

Abstract Sustainable economic development is essential for human survival in conditions of growing environmental pollution. Restructuring of the international economic system entails the adoption of sustainable principles by all industrial enterprises. Quality management systems, bestides improving product quality, will decrease waste, make economical use of raw materials and electric power, and decrease

Abstract The constraints on the supply of high-efficiency machine tools to Russia’s high-tech industry are identified. The corresponding supply systems are categorized. Within that framework, the role of equipment leasing is discussed. A systems approach to the leasing market permits the use of intelligent support systems for leasing decisions. The main obstacles to management innovation are considered

Abstract Systematic derivation of an identification algorithm for determining the generalized thermal-conductivity vector of a solid spherical fragment in a two-dimensional formulation is considered. As examples, the thermal-conductivity tensor and bulk thermal-conductivity tensor are found.

Abstract Approaches to increasing machining precision are analyzed. Formulas are derived for the margin removal in the grinding of parts with a wear-resistant coating (reconditioned parts). Improvement in machining efficiency by decreasing the elastic displacement in the machining system is considered. As is established, the machining efficiency may be increased by deep grinding using the wheel periphery

Abstract The change in mechanical properties due to low temperatures and the associated damage are studied for various metals. Cracks in austenitic steel are found to be due to large carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. The time for a brittle crack to propagate in metal depends on the grain size, the elastic modulus and the density.

Abstract The gas flow in a multistage turbomolecular pump is simulated so as to optimize the design of the rotor and stator blades. Monte Carlo software reveals how pump performance is affected by the geometry of the individual stages.

Abstract A stability control system is developed for a self-propelled crane in dynamic loading. The simulation of crane operation takes account of the flexural deformation of the elements and the operation of the hydraulic drive, along with interactive control. The simulation is based on the integration of Matlab Simulink, Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, and SolidWorks CAD 3D modeling software.

Abstract Approaches to generating torsional spindle vibrations by modifying the drive of a screw-cutting lathe are outlined

Abstract The planning of drone trajectories in the search for ground-level objects is considered, in the case of challenging observation conditions. In existing planning algorithms, a priori data regarding the location of the objects are used in the secondary search, but no account is taken of their local visibility (on account of fog or smoke, say). To improve search productivity in challenging observation

Abstract A test bench is proposed for assessing the properties of systems intended to protect the components and operator cabins of heavy-duty vehicles from vibrations. The static and dynamic characteristics of such systems are assessed in near-operational conditions.

Abstract A review of research on power units in space indicates that primary power sources are mainly employed. No literature data on the utilization of the heat available in the spacecraft may be found. In the present work, the influence of a unit converting waste heat to electric power on the mass of the radiant cooling system is assessed.

Abstract Moment invariants of images may be used to compare the geometry of 3D models in model databases. This approach is outlined. The models found may serve as prototypes for the development of a new part.

Abstract A conceptual framework is proposed for management decisions regarding the leasing of machine tools for Russia’s high-tech industry. Emulation of the principles of internal corporate management proves effective. The applicability of the proposed framework to specialized leading operations is illustrated.

Abstract A review of research on power units in space indicates that the main sources are solar energy, batteries, and nuclear power. No literature data on the utilization of the heat liberated by spacecraft equipment may be found. In the present work, on the basis of the Carnot and Rankine cycles, the influence of a unit converting waste heat to electric power on the mass of the radiant cooling system

Abstract Possible approaches to the creation of navigation systems for lunar missions are considered. Radio navigation systems of moderate wavelength are proposed, with a query model of data transmission using a network of stations. A model of the measurements taking account of the Nonius principle is considered. For a system with fixed initial characteristics, that improves the navigational precision

Abstract Fast pulsed processes in the semiconductor spark plugs of capacitive ignition systems for gas-turbine engines are analyzed. The results may be used to assess existing models of ignition systems. The most stable dependences of the discharge parameters in the spark plugs on the discharge-circuit parameters are presented. The discharge-circuit parameters considered are its inductance; the capacitance

Abstract Noise spectra are studied in two situations: during the simultaneous boring of two holes in a large housing; and during the turning of a wheel-pair shaft on a special lathe. The spectral composition of the noise is analyzed.

Abstract Backward and forward flow of working liquid through a resistive fluid diode of rectangular cross section is studied experimentally.

Abstract A method is proposed for the assembly of preloaded cylindrical joints on the basis of relative interchangeability. As shown in examples, this method permits the connection of shafts with a reparable defect and holes with an irreparable defect or the connection of shafts with an irreparable defect and holes with a reparable defect. By this method, the required joint accuracy with limiting preload

Abstract The influence of the configuration (group structure) of multipliers (gearboxes) on their mass, bulk, and dynamic characteristics is analyzed. The torsional system is studied, and the dynamic pliability of the gearbox is investigated.

Abstract Design problems associated with the development of CAD systems for industrial processes are considered. Automated design is considered in detail in relation to the creation of an information base, the display of design results, and the design operator.

Abstract The shaping of axisymmetric parts of uniform thickness such as caps from sheet of variable thickness is considered.

Abstract Experimental data are presented regarding the creation of effective friction stir welding tools. A design concept for a friction stir welding tool and the corresponding attachment is proposed, taking account of the constraints associated with the workpieces; the system consisting of the machine tool, the attachment, the tool, and the workpieces; and the requirements on tool life. The tool

Abstract In internal grinding with axial feed, each double pass begins with insertion of the grinding wheel in the workpiece in the reversing zone, by means of a radial insertion feed; the axial feed in this process is zero. Therefore, at that stage, the cutting conditions are fundamentally different than in machining the remainder of the hole, when the axial feed is nonzero. As a result, in the reversing

Abstract Thermoelectric modeling is based on the profound physical analogy between heat conduction and current flow in various media. In developing the equivalent circuit, steady machining is assumed (constant spindle speed and cutter feed). That corresponds to a dc circuit. Since the current from a source is constant in any circuit conditions, a current source is used in the circuit, rather than an

Abstract The influence of various factors on the strengthening, restoration and strengthening of metal surfaces by frictional cladding is investigated. Applying electric current intensifies the process. The coating thickness and plasticity are also increased.

Abstract Cyclic heat treatment of steel samples is considered as a means of increasing their abrasive wear resistance. Cyclic heating of 65Г steel parts to 450°С increases their wear resistance by 40% in comparison with traditional inductive quenching.

Abstract The determination of jackhammer parameters in bench tests is considered. Test procedures for determining the energy, vibration, and noise parameters of jackhammers are analyzed. This review provides context for the development of the SORP universal test bench and UIPU measuring system.

Abstract The performance of nonstandard slotting cutters with mechanical fastening of the cutting insert is studied experimentally. Proposals are made to decrease the consumption of energy (by mechanical fastening of the insert instead of soldering) and material (by repeated tool-holder use) and to ensure consistent quality of the cutting insert’s heat treatment in cutter production.

Abstract Analytical models are proposed for the static and dynamic shock elastoplastic deformation of tubular energy absorbers employed in a plastic shock absorber. The models may be used in shock-absorber design.

Abstract A method is proposed for predicting the life of structural components by analysis of the faults within a short initial operating period.

Abstract A method is developed for determining the corrective masses when saw blades of different length and thickness are combined in saw modules, taking account of the blade weight and size and also the tensile force. On that basis, the blades in the system may be changed without adjustments.

Abstract A model is proposed for calculating the actual radial feed in internal grinding on a CNC machine. The model establishes the relation between the actual and programmed feed, as a function of the cutting forces, the elastic deformation of the machining system, the cutting conditions, the wheel–workpiece contact geometry, the wheel characteristics, and other parameters. The model is used to predict

Abstract The factors responsible for periodic machining errors are analyzed, and corresponding mathematical models are proposed. Approaches to decreasing the periodic machining errors in machine tools are suggested.

Abstract In the development of irreparable machines, the volume of reliability tests may be minimized by extending the test time. Forced testing further decreases the test volume.

Abstract Production costs and product quality in manufacturing depend directly on tool life in cold and hot machining of metals and alloys. The types of surface failure in tools are considered in the present work. The potential for increasing their wear resistance by electrospark coating deposition is noted. The dependence of the relative coating thickness on the relative limiting carrying capacity