An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068798X21050270

Abstract The strength and low-temperature stability of 09Mn2Si steel are investigated. The mechanical properties of samples obtained by 3D printing (electric arc surfacing) in CNC machine tools are close to those of samples obtained from rolled sheet. In fact, the strength and yield point after 3D printing are superior. However, the low-temperature stability of 09Mn2Si steel samples obtained by electric

Abstract A method is outlined for determining the actual contact area in mutual abrasive lapping of plane surfaces. By this method, the actual contact area of the surfaces may be determined more accurately, in less time. To decrease the total duration of mutual lapping, the force clamping the parts together varies in the course of lapping. The shorter machining time increases the efficiency by a factor

Abstract The influence of the turning parameters on the surface roughness of composites based on thermally expanded graphite is considered. The dependence of the cutting force on the turning parameters is determined. A formula is proposed for the cutting force on composites based on thermally expanded graphite as a function of the selected machining conditions.

Abstract Linear homogenization is applied to cellular structures produced by selective laser melting (SLM). Samples of different materials with cells of different configurations are studied theoretically and experimentally. Their strain curves are compared with the results for bulk and beam models and with experimental data. After homogenization, the rigidity of the homogenized model differs by 5–10%

Abstract The influence of the grid density produced by the resultant raster trajectory on the surface roughness is investigated in the honing of high-precision hydraulic components made of 95Cr18 and 12CrNi3N steel (hardness 57–62 HRC). The tool characteristics and control mechanisms for the grid density that correspond to the specified surface microrelief are determined for the Rastr Ts20 honing machine

Abstract The use of topology optimization and lattice microstructures in additive manufacturing is considered. As an example, two parts are selected. As a result of this new approaches in design, the part mass may be decreased, along with the production costs.

Abstract The melting of strips resembling the crosspieces in cellular structures is studied experimentally. The results permit the identification of technological conditions yielding stable samples with uniform surface structure and minimum geometric divergence from the 3D model. On the basis of geometric modeling, a method is proposed for the production of cellular structures based on Ti6Al4V titanium

Abstract Shape optimization of a polymer die in cyclic loading is simulated. The relation between the number of shaping cycles and the optimal die volume is established. Simulation permits determination of the cost savings for materials in the production of dies for metal forming.

Abstract Thin-film vacuum technology permits the creation of new electrode materials on the basis of a flexible carbon matrix with a highly developed surface. Supercapacitor structures, pseudocapacitor structures, and hybrid structures have been produced and studied with a view to smart power storage and transportation.

Abstract The mechanical characteristics and adhesive strength of nickel–chromium coatings produced by the laser fusion of Ni12CrFe and PR-NiCr16SiB3 powder are compared by testing. The tensile strength of the samples and the hardness and adhesive strength of coatings on structural-steel substrates are determined.

Abstract The influence of the working fluid on the microrelief of chrome-plated parts is studied from theoretical and practical perspectives. Adjusting the relative content of the working-fluid’s components significantly affects the final surface quality.

Abstract A nondestructive method is proposed for determining the endurance limit of gear teeth in flexure on the basis of elastoplastic indenter introduction in a sample. Experiments confirm the practical utility of the method.

Abstract The electrical discharge machining (EDM) of parts produced by additive technology is experimentally studied. The influence of wire-cut EDM on the final surface roughness of a titanium workpiece produced by additive technology is described by means of a regression equation.

Abstract The influence of the pulse energy on the performance of copper electrodes with added graphite in the electrospark piercing of tool steel is studied. With increase in the pulse current, the electrode wear increases, if the other parameters are unchanged. In absolute terms, the wear is less in the presence of thermally expanded graphite and greater in the presence of colloidal graphite.

Abstract The influence of the cutting conditions on the surface roughness Ra is compared for parts produced by additive and traditional methods. The internal structure of parts produced by direct metal deposition (DMD) has a considerable influence on the surface quality.

Abstract Reciprocating rotary motion of the impeller in a mixer is produced by a planetary mechanism with elliptical gears. The forces in the planetary mechanism are analyzed. Equations of kinetostatic equilibrium are derived and solved for each component of the mechanism. The angular position of the mechanism’s input shaft affects the reaction in the kinematic pairs and the balancing torque. This

Abstract Prediction of part technological distortions on the basis of the computer simulation of additive manufacturing (selective laser melting) is considered. The modeling results are compared with experimental data. By simulation, the influence of the part’s position and the number of supports on its technological distortions is determined. Distortions may be decreased by appropriate choice of the

Abstract When turning F-4UV20 composite plastic, the influence of its strength, elasticity, and abrasive properties on the cutting processes is studied. High quality is ensured by a lathe cutter with a rear angle of at least 6°, when the cutting depth is 0.5–2 mm, the longitudinal supply is 0.05–0.2 mm/turn (Ra = 2.5–4.5 µm), and the cutting speed is 250–300 m/min, in the presence of water–emulsion

Abstract The use of self-fluxing Ni12CrFe and NiCr16SiB3 powder in laser cladding within a protective atmosphere (argon) is considered. The characteristics of the powder are determined. Individual tracks and overlapping tracks are produced by laser cladding. The microstructure and microhardness of the samples are estimated. Cladding conditions that produce bulk samples are identified.

Abstract The manufacturing efficiency resulting from production design by a reduced program is considered. In a reduced program, the production design is based on a small number of representative parts, rather than all of the parts within the specified program. A method is recommended for dividing the parts corresponding to the specified program into groups and selecting a representative part for each

Abstract The production of strong metal matrix composites by pressure welding at low temperatures is considered. Failure of the composite is analyzed. It is found that the strength of a composite produced at 700°C may exceed that of a composite produced at 900°C.

Abstract The addition of zinc phosphate tungstate to TsIATIM-201(Ciatim-201) and LZ-TsNII lubricants to improve their performance is considered. The addition of 2Zn(PO3)2.4WO3 to the dispersion medium of these lubricants improves their properties and hence decreases wear and operating costs.

Abstract The production of magnetically hard Fe–Cr–Co alloy components by an additive method—specifically, selective laser melting (SLM) of metal powder produced by atomization of melt—is considered. The structure and magnetic properties of the resulting samples are investigated. Their magnetic properties are superior to those of cast samples.

Abstract Improvement in the manufacturing process on the basis of lean production is considered. Specifically, attention focuses on value stream maps (VSM), the Kanban system, just-in-time (JIT) production, single-minute exchange of dies (SMED), and the five-step (5S) system, as applied to the production of special-purpose clocks. Current and future value stream maps for the Chelyabinsk clock plant

Abstract Methods of setting up roller workpieces when grinding their spherical ends are classified. On that basis, a morphological approach to finding promising methods of workpiece setup in particular circumstances is outlined.

Abstract Industrial design methods are outlined for friction stir welding processes. These methods are based on parametric modeling of a digital twin of the tool, with associative relations between the geometric and physicochemical parameters in the manufacturing chains of the structure and tool. The results of parametric numerical modeling of the tool with variation in its geometry are presented.

Abstract Diagnostics and dynamic optimization of the electrical arc in 3D printing on a CNC machine are considered. The applicability of nonlinear dynamic methods in assessing the stability of 3D printing is assessed. Artificial neural networks are used in classifying and optimizing the process parameters.

Abstract The selection of technological bases in the machining of prismatic components may be formalized by means of geometric information in IGS format. The use of IGS files for formalized determination of surface properties is analyzed for purposes of basing in the presence of constraints on the surface extent in the prismatic component.

Abstract The creation of a smart control system for high-tech production is considered. An economic model of system operation at all stages of the product life cycle is proposed. An informational principle for economic decision making in conditions of indeterminacy is formulated.

Abstract Basing methods for roller workpieces and methods for machining their spherical ends are analyzed.

Abstract Static analysis of the stress–strain state of a smoothing tool is based on mathematical models. By that means, the tool strength may be assessed. The finite-element method is employed, within the framework of SolidWorks/Simulation software.

Abstract The rigidity and elastic pliability of a multilayer piezoelectric actuator for the nano and micro range is investigated. Its mechanical and control characteristics are determined. The rigidity and elastic pliability are considered for different types of control.

Abstract For manufacturing processes, the construction of mathematical models based on set theory is considered.

Abstract Comparison of the capabilities of sheet stamping, extrusion, rolling, bending, and pressing indicates that extrusion is best for the manufacture of channels with elements of different thickness.

Abstract The turning of Caprolon with a machining fluid is considered. If an aqueous water-repellent emulsion is supplied to the cutting zone in machining, the Caprolon absorbs less water, and the final surface quality is improved.

Abstract The efficiency of airplane turbines must be improved by optimizing the characteristics of the labyrinth seals and improving their operational efficiency. The response surface is plotted as a function of the geometric parameters for the labyrinth seals of gas-turbine engines. On that basis, an optimized labyrinth seal is developed. The characteristics of the initial and optimized seals are

Abstract A 3D mathematical model of a hydrogen engine is derived and verified. It is based on the Navier–Stokes transfer equations, in Reynolds form. The influence of the crankshaft speed, the air excess, and ignition timing on engine performance is considered. Modeling results show that the hydrogen engine with an external mixing system and with forced ignition may expediently be operated with a lean

Abstract In the present work, the machine-tool industry is defined in terms of its function, and its composition is established. The current state of the industry and of the Russian market for machine tools is analyzed. That analysis shows that today, along with the production of machines and tools, the machine-tool industry also includes the production of numerical control systems and management systems

Abstract Ontological aspects of subject fields in preproduction systems (CAM and CAPP systems) and shop-floor planning systems (MES systems) are outlined, with a view to subsequent integration of corporate applications at the semantic level. The subject area of CAM systems is found to be a component of the subject area of CAPP systems, while the ontology of CAPP systems and MES systems largely intersects

Abstract The influence of the machining conditions and the machining fluid on the burnishing of holes is considered. Applying Epilam coatings to the tool prevents loss of the machining fluid from the machining zone, with decrease in load and strain by half; the heat transfer in the machining zone also decreases, lowering the temperature by as much as 40°C. In hole burnishing, Epilam coatings more than

Abstract The deformation of supply drives due to inertia of the moving parts of machine tools is considered. High-speed machining in systems with traditional serial kinematic structure is found to be of limited use for parts with complex geometry. Parallel kinematics offers an alternative.

Abstract The role of expert assessment is considered in addressing the development of Russia’s Arctic zone and in ensuring connectivity of all Russian territories, which is a national priority.

Abstract An approach to calculating the pressure welding of shells is proposed. Expressions are obtained for states of plasticity, creep, and creep–plasticity in pressure welding.

Abstract The formation of chip and the machined surface is investigated, taking the cutter’s rounding radius into account. On that basis, it is possible to identify the point at which the material in the stagnant zone begins to separate. The proposed model describing the separation of cut material permits determination of the minimum possible chip thickness in cutting.

Abstract The influence of plastic deformation by ultrasonic burnishing on the surface roughness of Р6М5 and 9ХС steel workpieces with initial surface hardness 57–60 HRC is investigated. A D-optimal Hartley–Kono experiment design is used. The four factors considered are the workpiece’s rotation frequency, the supply, the loading force, and the ultrasound power.

Abstract Various models are considered in calculating the forces at satellite–pinion contact points in planetary pinion gears. The force distribution over the pinions is calculated for each model, and the results are compared with experimental data. The applicability of the models is assessed.

Abstract A refined calculation method is proposed for a three-layer (sandwich) structure in the edge-effect zones, taking account of how motion of the load-bearing (external) layers affects the stress–strain state. Functions approximating the stress distribution in the central layer (filler) are used to determine the stress–strain state of the three-layer structure. Those functions should correspond

Abstract Selection criteria are proposed for instruments used in monitoring the positional and shape error of surfaces, taking account of the corresponding formulas based on indirect measurements. The permissible measurement errors are determined, as well as the limiting errors of the instruments used in monitoring the positional and shape error of surfaces in new engine components at Yaroslavl Motor

Abstract A model of a caterpillar drive is formulated, by means of RecurDyn software. The interaction of the caterpillar track and the roller is analytically described. The influence of the caterpillar track on the vehicle’s vertical dynamics is simulated.

Abstract A method is proposed for more precise contour machining of long slots by end mills. The causes of deviations are identified, and compensation methods are noted for multifunctional machine tools.

Abstract An empirical formula is derived for the temperature of polyurethane shock absorbers of different hardness in cyclic loading as a function of the compressive strain, loading frequency, and vibrational amplitude.

Abstract The manufacture of thin-walled narrow pipe from 32NKD Super Invar alloy by drawing is studied. The drawing forces on the mandrel and the pipe blank are determined. The influence of the lubricant on the frictional forces is analyzed. The linear-expansion coefficient of the thin-walled pipe produced by drawing is compared with that of an undeformed sample of 32NKD alloy, as a function of the

Abstract Geometric analysis of the flow path in pipeline gate and ball valves permits identification of the zone where the abrasive pollutant flux is most intense. The speed of this flux contributes greatly to its aggressiveness. Recommendations are made for more effective protection of the moving parts in shutoff valves.

Abstract The fundamental kinetic difference between the transformation of high-speed steel on heating by high-frequency inductive current and on quenching in salt baths is considered. In heating by high-frequency current, the high temperature at the carbide–matrix boundary permits more complete carbide solution in the austenite. That improves tool quality.

Abstract The parameters of a generalized stochastic model of cutting-tool failure may be estimated on the basis of statistical data regarding the vibration of the mechanical system, which provides information relating to the state of the tool. The accuracy in estimating the model parameters by the proposed method is analyzed.

Abstract Basic principles are developed for formulating the information environment in the design of industrial processes, in mass-production conditions. A literature review indicates that the information environment for the automated design of industrial processes is inadequately developed in terms of the creation of models for different levels of product standardization. The level at which the product

Abstract The dynamic reorganization of the deformational displacements in the cutting system during its evolution is considered. In the present work, instead of regarding dynamic reorganization as due to specified change in the parameters—for instance, the workpiece rigidity—parameter evolution is treated as a natural process associated with irreversible energy transformation in the machine zone. In

Abstract Optimization of the machining of flow paths in the compressor of a gas-turbine engine is considered, in the case of end milling by hard-alloy tools with wear-resistant coatings.

Abstract Fiber metal laminates based on aluminum–lithium alloy sheets are considered. The basic characteristics of such materials are considered as a function of their laminar structure. Tests show that laminar hybrids are preferable to traditional aluminum-alloy structures.