Chambers in the Gerotor pump units are separated by metal-to-metal geometrically form-closed higher pair active contacts in the lobes of star and ring components. With rotation when the chamber volumes expand and contract, the active contacts move on lobe profiles and are subjected to deformations due to contact stress caused by fluid pressure and transmitted torque. Evidently at two transition active

Alkali-treated discontinuous cellulosic fibers (jute and sisal)-based heat-treated silanized fly ash-dispersed hybrid polyester composites were fabricated using a compression molding technique. The morphological features were observed using a scanning electron microscope and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The bulk mechanical testing namely, microhardness, tensile, flexural as well

The research article addresses the reciprocating wear behaviour of hybrid AA7075 reinforced with boron carbide and boron nitride through a stir-casting technique. The experiment involved varying wt.% of the secondary particle boron carbide (3, 6 and 9) while boron nitride (3) was kept as constant. The hybrid composites were characterised using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive

The blast furnace is a master iron-producing plant of iron and steel factories and affected by several process parameters as well as top gas pressure , which is a key process control phenomenon to maintain stability and operational productivity in such plants. Blast furnace operation is not tolerant to any interruption, unbalanced operations, momentary disturbances or loss of control due to its nature

A fully mechanized mining face is characterized by serious dust pollution and dust is a major cause of pneumoconiosis that haunts numerous miners. For a fully mechanized face having large mining heights, the main dust source in the pavement area is produced by the moving support frame. To reduce the amount of dust during support's movement, the distribution and dissipation of dust in this process were

The present study establishes the optimum process condition for additive mixed electrical discharge machining of Al7075–5%B4Cp metal matrix composite by performing experimental investigation. The suspension of chromium particles in a dielectric fluid is used as an additive. The input process parameters selected for experimentation are specifically pulse on-time, gap voltage, pulse off-time and peak

In this paper, we construct transient electro-osmotic flow of Burgers’ fluid with Caputo fractional derivative in a micro-channel, where the Poisson–Boltzmann equation described the potential electric field applied along the length of the microchannel. The analytical solution for the component of the velocity profile was obtained, first by applying the Laplace transform combined with the classical

In the metal forming process, the understanding of metal flows and the fracture strains are most significant to the failure/damage of the components. Usually, in metalworking, damage occurs because of nucleation, growth and coalescence of the void into a small fracture. These small fractures increased in the circumferential path due to the existence of stresses and the pores which leads to failure

In this paper, Energy, Entropy and Exergy (EEE) analysis of flat plate solar collector is studied through a mathematical model by considering the overall loss coefficient as a non-constant parameter. The overall loss coefficient is calculated by minimizing the top loss coefficient using Lagrange multiplier optimization technique and also by empirical formulas. Further, energy efficiency, entropy generation

The unconventional technology of wire electrical discharge machining is a key engineering technology, designed primarily for machining of conventionally difficult machine materials. One of them is nickel alloys, which are majorly used in the aerospace and energy industries. The subject of research in this study was specifically the B1914 nickel-based superalloy, which was subjected to many analyses

In this work, the impact of a magnetic field on the onset of the Jeffrey fluid convection through a porous medium is investigated theoretically. The layer of Jeffrey fluid is heated from below and is operated by a consistent upright magnetic field. Using the normal mode procedure, a dispersion equation is obtained analytically and this dispersion relation is utilized to derive the critical conditions

Single-screw compressor has attracted attentions from the scientific community due to its excellent performance. However, thermal deformations of the star wheel, screw, and casing substantially affect the clearance between the components, and hence reduce the performance of the single-screw compressor. In this study, the thermal deformation of a meshing pair of the single-screw compressor was investigated

Biocompatibility is usually observed as the absence of communication of a material with living tissue. Commercially pure titanium grade-2 has become the preferred biocompatible material for various devices mainly used in orthopedic and dental implants and it is also used in aviation and aircraft. Commercially pure titanium has good ductility, higher stiffness, and fatigue resistance. The novelty of

The two-phase suction injection can reduce the discharge temperature of scroll refrigeration compressors, which work under a high-pressure ratio. The heat transfer along the pipe axis from the shell affects the two-phase suction injection significantly for the compressor with a high-temperature shell. In this paper, the suction mixing and heat transfer model was developed to calculate the heat transfer

Polymer foams are difficult to characterise due to rapidly evolving physical features from liquid to porous solid. Swift changes in volume, porosity and moduli render many techniques challenging for the characterisation of the foam curing during a manufacturing process. A technique that employs the longitudinal speed of sound of an ultrasonic signal, informed by a thermokinetic model, is proposed as

Reducing the cost of unscheduled shutdowns and enhancing the reliability of production systems is an important goal for various industries; this could be achieved by condition monitoring and artificial intelligence. Cavitation is a common undesired phenomenon in centrifugal pumps, which causes damage and its detection in the preliminary stage is very important. In this paper, cavitation is identified

With the advancement of processing technology, the surface quality of crankshafts has become very demanding, especially in locations with severe friction and wear, such as the main shaft and connecting rod journals. Barrel finishing technology is widely applicable to the surface processes of large- and medium-sized parts as a typical free-grinding processing method with the characteristics of low processing

The assessment of the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of magnetohydrodynamic Williamson nanofluid with entropy optimization is the main purpose of this article. This study was carried out to analyze the impacts on fluid flow via a stratified plate. The impacts of viscous dissipation, chemical reaction, and Joule heating are examined in the existence of nonlinear thermal radiation. The framework of partial differential

The human respiratory tract has a complex airflow pattern. If any obstruction is present in the airways, it will change the airflow pattern and deposit particles inside the airways. This is the concern of breath quality (inspired air), and it is decreasing due to the unplanned production of material goods. This is a primary cause of respiratory illness (asthma, cancer, etc.). Therefore, it is important

Gears are commonly used in every field of industry as power and motion transmission elements. According to the usage areas, they are manufactured from materials such as steel, aluminium, plastics, cast and bronze. There are different manufacturing methods according to material type. Plastic gears are preferred in textile, automotive and aviation industries where the supported load is low, and corrosion

This work investigates the fatigue performance of 10 mm AISI C1018 low carbon steel plates welded with ER70S-6 using a gas metal arc welding-based spin-arc welding process. Welded joint microstructure is characterized by bainite, acicular ferrite, and allotriomorphic ferrite along with pearlite in the ferritic matrix. The tensile strength of the weld metal was comparable with base metal and meets the

Due to the widespread use of copper wires in electrical power transmission, the need for raw materials with a homogeneous structure and high strength while maintaining their conductive properties is of high importance. The present study investigates the production of copper wire with improved mechanical properties and homogeneous microstructure due to its nanometre-sized structure. Therefore, the commercial

The mechanism of flow instability, which involves complex gas–liquid interactions and multiscale vortical structures, is one of the hot research areas in cavitating flow. The role of turbulence modeling is crucial in the numerical investigation of unsteady flow characteristics. Although large-eddy simulation (LES) has been used as a reliable numerical method, it is computationally costly. In this work

Compression plates are widely used in orthopaedic surgeries for internal fixation of fractured femurs. To fix the plate and thus to provide compression to a fracture, the self-tapping bone screws are tightened through predrilled pilot holes of smaller diameter. Preliminary investigation showed that the holes drilled with the inappropriate cutting parameters cause mechanical and thermal damages to the

Numerical simulation of pulp flow in rotating and non-rotating grooves is carried out to investigate the effect of pulp rheological properties and groove geometry on the rotational motion of the pulp flow. The eucalyptus pulp suspension is considered as a working fluid in the present study whose apparent viscosity correlation is available from the experimental measurements reported in the literature

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been widely used in the medical engineering due to its high strength to weight ratio, creep and wear-resistance, and anti-allergically properties. Grinding is generally used to produce PEEK parts with high accuracy and surface quality requirements. In this research, the tool loading and the effect of cryogenic cooling in the grinding of PEEK are studied for the first

The effects of strain rate, size (height × width), and pre-existing crack length on the mechanical response of polycaprolactone electrospun membranes were investigated by tension tests conducted at room temperature. In particular, tensile tests were performed with three different strain rates for strain rate effect tests, seven different geometries for elucidating the size effect, and three different

The present paper introduces an accurate numerical procedure to assess the internal thermal energy generation in an annular porous-finned heat sink from the sole assessment of surface temperature profile using the golden section search technique. All possible heat transfer modes and temperature dependence of all thermal parameters are accounted for in the present nonlinear model. At first, the direct

Accurate posture control of hydraulic roof supports, which use pressurized water as their fluid power source, is an important part and research direction of intelligent fully mechanized mining face. At present, the large flow on/off directional valve used on the hydraulic roof support cannot meet the requirement of precise posture control of the roof support. To overcome the conundrum, a novel two-position

The present work discloses the magnetohydrodynamic pulsating flow of blood-carrying nanoparticles in a channel with the viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects. Couple stress fluid is treated as blood which is the base fluid. The Maxwell Garnett model for thermal conductivity of nanofluid is considered. The thermal radiation and heat source/sink impacts are taken into account. Analytical expressions

The flow of Casson–Williamson fluid on a stretching surface is considered for the study. The movement of fluid is examined under the effect of external magnetic field, thermal radiation and chemical consequences. The model is formed by considering all the physical aspects responsible for the physical mechanism. The formed mathematical model (partial differential equation) is numerically solved after

The use of halogen-based refrigerants in heat pump applications is restricted because of their high global warming potential (GWP). Therefore, it is necessary to identify a low GWP substitute for heat pump applications. This article presents the energy performance of a direct expansion solar thermal heat pump system (DXSTHPS) using R430A as an environmentally friendly substitute to phase out R134a

HC-290 is one of the alternatives to HCFC22 in room air-conditioners. With the phase-down schedules in Kigali Amendment, it is imperative to use HC-290. However, there are concerns about its flammability in the event of a leak from the AC indoor unit (IDU). IEC 60335-2-40 has been revised to extend the capacity ranges for A2L refrigerants and is being further revised with a focus on A2 and A3 refrigerants

This study investigates the effects of elbow on the transition and development of multiphase flow using computational fluid dynamics modelling techniques. The Eulerian - Multifluid VOF model coupled with an Interfacial Area Transport Equation has been employed to simulate air-water two-phase flow in a pipe with two standard 90 degree elbows mounted in series. Turbulence effects were accounted for by

The consumption of conventional fossil fuels and halogen-based refrigerants in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems have initiated the research interest on developing alternative energy resources and environment friendly working fluids for refrigeration, air conditioning, heat pumps and heat pipes applications. The halogen-based refrigerants have significant global warming potential

The rotary tube piercing (RTP) is the first process of making the seamless tube after producing the desired alloy ingot. There are several approaches to manufacture a seamless tube, but one of the most common types is RTP. This approach covers a wide range of processes that are categorized according to the number and shape of the rollers. On the other hand, each of these types has designed guides in

Viruses spreads very quickly and has a fatal risk in people with chronic disease. As the virus vaccine and medications to be used for treatment are not fully developed, alternative ways to protect it from the virus are being investigated. In this study, the effects of a classical face mask on human face were investigated and computer-aided analyses were performed. Three-dimensional model of the classical

The quest for precision in manufacturing sector is continuously evolving with the introduction of modern technologies and new techniques. In this research, the characteristics and influential parameters of a recently developed polishing process, known as electrophoretic deposition-assisted polishing (EPDAP), were investigated in external surface polishing of AISI 316 L stainless steel. The results

Exploring the movement of blood in a blood vessel has been fascinated by clinicians and biomedical researchers because it is predominant in cell tissue engineering, drug targeting and various treatments like hypothermia, hyperthermia, and cancer. It is noticed that numerous non-Newtonian rheological fluids like Carreau fluid, tangent hyperbolic fluid, Eyring–Powell fluid and viscoelastic fluid manifest

An experimental study has been carried out to enhance a solar air heater’s performance by integrating artificial roughness through baffles on the absorber plate. In this paper, the thermal and energy matrices analysis of a Solar Air Heater (SAH) roughened with V up perforated baffles have been investigated. The effect of various mass flow rates on the SAH was analyzed with and without baffles. Experimental

A two-phase, dusty boundary-layer flow over an isothermally heated rotating hemisphere is studied for the laminar, incompressible fluid. The contribution of non-linear thermal radiation is analyzed by using the Rosseland diffusion approximation model. The difficulty of having a unified mathematical treatment of the above problem is due to the complex nature of the governing partial differential equations

In this finite element analysis of natural convection, cooling of a heat source embedded with a wavy porous cavity containing an insulated obstacle is investigated. A heat source is submitted to the left vertical wall, and the wavy right vertical wall is kept at fixed low temperature keeping top and bottom walls as insulated. The insulated obstacle which is placed inside the cavity is either square

Magnetic field assisted powder mixed electrical discharge machining (MFAPM-EDM) process is a hybrid process machining process which improves the machining characteristics and stability of process using assistive magnetic field and dielectric admixed powder. In this article, study on overcut has been performed on MFAPM-EDM machined Aluminium 6061 alloy. Discharge current, powder concentration, pulse

Due to the pressure gradient increasing downstream, the boundary layer separation phenomena may occur on the divergent channel flow wall. Still, several methods have been applied to control or postponed the separation. Exerting a magnetic field on the fluid flow is one solution. In the present research, we aim to investigate the impact of magnetic fields on the separation location in a divergent channel

A Numerical investigation on the influence of heater and condenser orientation and its location on steady state performance of a Two Phase Natural Circulation Loop (TPNCL) is presented. In the present study, four possible orientations are considered in TPNCL namely, Vertical Heater and Vertical Condenser (VHVC), Vertical Heater and Horizontal Condenser (VHHC), Horizontal Heater and Horizontal Condenser

Micromixing process in microfluidic devices has been broadly employed in bio-, nano-, and environmental technologies using either miscible or immiscible liquids. However, there are limited experimental studies investigating the mixing process of different densities and viscosities liquids in relation to microfluidics. Therefore, the mixing process of propan-2-ol and water, water and sodium chloride

Estimating the energy consumed by machining process is substantial because it has a large share of environmental effects in the manufacturing industry. In this paper, a generic energy consumption model was developed for milling processes that is able to be applied in all milling machine tools. Energy consumption of each segment was estimated according to power characteristics and parameters extracted

In the present scenario, ship building industries are frequently associated with welding process to explore the benefits of improved strength over the parent material. Development of new techniques to enhance the processes is of a part of the usual practice in industries. In the present work, as a supportive measure, backing plate was introduced to develop the weldments with enhanced properties. The

The battery temperature is one of the important factor that affects the performance of the battery and lifetime. To overcome these issues, the need and usage of an effective battery thermal management system (BTMS) is increased in recent years. The results of BTMS with conventional heat transfer fluids appears in many articles but the very few researchers developed and studied the performance of refrigerant

This paper presents the experimental investigation on cutting of thin carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plate by wire electrical-discharge machining (WEDM) with the aid of sandwich assisting-electrodes. The difficulties such as incomplete cut and deviation in machining path during WEDM of CFRP were avoided by using metal plates (H13 steel) as assisting-electrodes. The spark initiation

Modeling and optimization of a multi tube heat exchanger (MTHE) network considering the effects of different nanoparticles on the tube side are carried out using Fast and elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. After thermal modeling in ε−NTU method, optimization is performed by increasing the effectiveness and decreasing total annual cost as two objective functions using eight design parameters

In this article, the experimental thermodynamic performance analysis of a semi-transparent photovoltaic-thermal hybrid collector (SPV-THC) using CuO, Al2O3, TiO2 based nanofluids and water is investigated and compared with conventional opaque photovoltaic panels. The SPV-THC consists of a polycrystalline silicon cell photovoltaic module with a serpentine tube configuration heat sink. The influence

We consider the unsteady flow of Burger fluid within a circular cylindrical tube, driven by a time-dependent pressure gradient, a body acceleration and a magnetic field acting normal to the flow direction. The solutions of the fractional constitutive equations governing the unsteady Burger’s fluid flow through arterial walls were obtained via the Laplace transform and the finite Hankel transform. The

A mathematical modeling of working chamber volume, constructed from the involute of variable radii circle with double arcs modification, is established in this study. The formulations of working chamber volume which is consisted of the involute of variable radii circle and modified by double arcs at center profiles are accurately deduced, and the orbiting angle of scroll at every moment has a corresponding

Finite element analysis has become an indispensable tool, often used in research and development, to provide valuable insights into the process. The studies in the metal cutting area mostly employ the Finite element method (FEM) due to its ability to highlight the physics involved in chip formation and the range of force generated in the cutting zone. The study involves investigations by adopting the

In industry, hardened steels are used in manufacturing of the products such as machine parts and components. In this context, surface quality and vibration play a significant role for control of cutting parameters and cutting conditions in turning process of hardened steel materials. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of machinability on surface quality (Ra and Rz) and vibration

The conventional mechanisms transmitted force and displacement through rigid members (high stiffness) and traditional joints (with high softness), where recently, researchers have come up with new systems called compliant mechanisms that transfer power and mobility through the deformation of their flexible members. One of the most frequently used approaches for designing compliant mechanisms is topology

In this study, a sample part is manufactured by using the Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) method with maraging steel metal powder, and the manufactured part is examined in terms of dimensional accuracy by image processing techniques. The sample =art is drawn with various geometric shapes so that dimensional and areal controlling with the image processing techniques can be performed accurately. The purpose

Within a magnetohydrodynamic environment, Marangoni convection (Thermocapilarity effect) in an unsteady thin film of hybrid nanoliquid flow over a disk has been discussed. A set of simplified Navier-Stokes equation using boundary layer theory is written in order to model the above mentioned flow situation. The dissipative effects caused by viscosity and magnetic field have been incorporated in temperature-balance

In current research work, an attempt has been made to join dissimilar metals by employing friction stir welding (FSW), i.e., AA3003-H12 (aluminium alloy) and C12200-H01 (copper alloy). The experiments are designed as per full factorial design at different process parameters, namely tool pin profiles, rotational speed, welding speed, and shoulder diameter while the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield