Abstract The electronic structure of the Mn2CrAl Heusler alloy is calculated and its optical properties are studied in this work. The anomalous behavior of the optical properties of the alloy in the IR region of spectrum, namely, the absence of the contribution of intraband absorption and the low level of interband absorption, were found. Such peculiarities of the optical spectrum indicate the existence

Abstract Dynamic recrystallization (DR) of austenite of a medium-carbon steel microalloyed with titanium, niobium, vanadium, and boron has been studied in the course of deformation treatment in the temperature range of 850–1180°C using strain rates of 1–100 s–1. It has been established that the threshold deformation corresponding to the onset of the DR increases in a regular way with increasing strain

Abstract The influence of boron on the structure and on the mechanical and tribological properties of protective coatings of the Cr–Al–Ti–N alloys obtained by magnetron sputtering in a closed unbalanced magnetic field using segmented planar ceramic SHS targets has been studied. The obtained coatings were examined using glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray

Abstract The influence of the temperature, applied stress, degree of creep deformation, and aging time on the formation of Z-phase (CrVN) particles in 9% Cr 10Kh9K3V2MFBR martensitic steel at temperatures of 650 and 675°С upon long aging is studied in this work. The particles with a chemical composition determined by energy dispersive spectrometry as 50% (Cr + Fe) and 50% (V + Nb) are detected and

Abstract The structure and the mechanical and electrical properties of composites with 7 and 49 magnesium fibers in the copper matrix are studied in this work. It was found that the strength of a deformed composite wire with the maximum volume fraction of Cu/Mg interfaces exceeds the theoretical estimate and the strength of pure copper. It is shown that deformation-induced formation of high-strength

Abstract Hysteresis of the electric polarization of a two-layer exchange-coupled ferromagnetic film whose layers have the easy-plane and easy-axis anisotropy upon magnetization reversal is studied numerically. The magnetization reversal was carried out by a magnetic field perpendicular to the film plane from the saturation state along the easy magnetization axis. The dependences of the average electric

Abstract The microstructural changes on the surface of the samples of a binary brass and of brasses alloyed with iron and manganese or aluminum, taken place in the process of superplastic deformation at 550°C at a constant strain rate of 1 × 10–3 s–1 have been analyzed in this work. The contributions of the intergranular and intragranular deformation to the total elongation have been determined. It

Abstract The anticommutative Green’s functions and energy spectra of fullerene С28 and endohedral fullerene Zr@C28 with symmetry groups Td were obtained in the analytical form within the Hubbard model in the mean-field approximation. Group theory methods were used to categorize energy states and identify nonforbidden transitions in the energy spectra of С28 and Zr@C28 molecules with symmetry groups

Abstract The recrystallization process in copper subjected to high-rate compression deformation by collapsing a massive cylindrical shell into a cylinder has been studied in this work. Recrystallization occurs in two stages due to the peculiarities of the deformation structure. At the first low-temperature stage, regions with deformation-induced highly-misoriented (over 15 degrees) grains are recrystallized

Abstract The influence of ytterbium addition on the phase composition, strengthening upon annealing before and after rolling, and on the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the Al–0.2% Y–0.2Sc alloy has been investigated in this work. A dispersed eutectic, in which particles of an intermetallic phase with a size of 100–250 nm are enriched in yttrium and ytterbium, has been revealed

Abstract The fine structure of YBa2Cu3Oy single crystals with a different oxygen content subjected to a low-temperature hydrogenation have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. It has been shown that as a result of the action of hydrogen at T = 150°С, a partial reduction of copper occurs, accompanied by the precipitation of Cu crystallites of ~100 nm in size and the formation of various

Abstract The effect of multidirectional forging on the evolution of the grain structure and the parameters of secondary-phase particles in the aluminum–magnesium alloy (Russian grade 1565ch) has been investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The multidirectional forging was performed at 200, 350, and 500°C to a total strain of 12. Five multidirectional forging cycles (cumulative

Abstract The interaction of the ribbon surface with acetone and its effect on the magnetic characteristics of ribbon are studied in this work using the example of soft magnetic Co-based AMAG-172 (Co–Ni–Fe–Cr–Mn–Si–B) amorphous alloy. The studies show the different effect of acetone treatment of ribbon on the magnetization distribution and magnetic permeability of material in states differing in the

Abstract The state of the surface and structure of the diffusion boride coating on the substrate of die steel have been studied after thermal cycling under a constant load of 193 N in hydrogen, nitrogen, and air atmospheres. It is shown that the degradation of boride coating in air occurs due to the development of oxidative processes beneath the coating at the boundary with the steel substrate. In

Abstract The spin-polarized electronic structure, magnetic moments, and spectra of optical conductivity of the ternary ErSn1.1Ge0.9 and TmSn1.1Ge0.9 compounds have been calculated within the GGA+U method, taking into account strong electron correlations in the 4f-shell of Er and Tm, as well as non-stoichiometry of compositions. The calculation results pointed to antiferromagnetic ordering for both

Abstract The nuclear transmutation effects in zirconium alloys are analyzed in this work. The molybdenum content in zirconium alloys of various compositions are numerically estimated under irradiation in research (SM-3) and power (WWER-1000) nuclear reactors. The dynamics of molybdenum accumulation under irradiation in the SM-3 reactor and subsequent one-year aging of samples is estimated in the Zr–1%

Abstract The deformation structure in copper that forms upon the convergence of a massive cylindrical shell into a cylinder is studied in this work. The shell in the deformation zone was subjected to high-speed deformation (~104 1/s) with large values of true strain (e varied from 0.8 to 2.0). It is shown that two types of structures were formed under deformation: regions containing disperse grains

Abstract This paper presents the mechanical, friction and magnetic properties of the Fe–P binary and Fe–P–Si ternary alloys produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effects of the alloying elements P and Si on the friction, toughness performance, and magnetic properties of their alloys were systematically investigated. The results indicate that toughness performance and magnetic properties are

Abstract Peculiarities of the structure, magnetic properties, and temperature dependence of magnetoimpedance effect of a Fe20Co6Ni74/Cu98Be2 composite wire with the induced axial magnetic anisotropy are studied in this work. The increase in the temperature in a range from 150 to 450 K is shown to lead to an increase in the magnetoimpedance effect. To explain the experimental results, a model is proposed

Abstract The texture of niobium in composite Nb3Sn superconductors prepared by internal-tin-source and bronze techniques, and in a subelement, which is required for fabricating the composite using the internal-tin-source technique, is studied in this work. It is shown that prior to the reaction heat treatment, the structural components of Nb have the (110) drawing texture; after the reaction heat treatment

Abstract It is demonstrated in this work that the quantization of transverse motion of electrons in metal nanowires gives rise to transparency windows in the region of quasiclassical collisionless wave damping and makes the existence of excitations of a new type (quantum waves) possible in such systems.

Abstract The evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of quasibinary Al–6.5Cu–2.3Y and Al–6Cu–4.05Er alloys during homogenization and subsequent thermomechanical treatment has been studied in this work. The Cu concentration in the aluminum solid solution increases during homogenization before quenching owing to the dissolution of a nonequilibrium excess of phases of crystallization

Abstract Phase diagrams of the binary titanium, zirconium, and hafnium alloys with transition metals are analyzed in this work. The stabilizing effect of a d metal on the β phase is shown to depend on the position of the metal in the Periodic Table. The stabilizing effect in titanium alloys increases as the Group number of alloying element increases; the value of the effect is found to vary in accordance

This work proposes a new fractal model of a complex near-surface domain structure that assembles itself in highly anisotropic uniaxial single crystals, and which is based on a previously unknown modification of the Sierpinski carpet. The simulation algorithm is described and an example of its application is given.

Abstract The regularities of the formation of the magnetic structure near the systems of Bloch–Néel domain walls realized in the presence of an external magnetic field have been studied using the example of thin Fe0.25Ni0.75 films. It has been established that when the film is magnetized along the easy axis (EA), a stable quasi-closed distribution of magnetization (a blocked domain structure) is formed

Abstract The effect of impurities on the phase composition and properties of a wrought alloy of the Al–Cu–Er system has been investigated in this work. According to the results of the scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, Al8Cu4Er, Al3Er, and Al3Er2Si2 particles of phases of crystallization origin are present in the structure of the alloy. After annealing at 605°C, the Al8Cu4Er

Abstract It is shown that initial treatment (quenching or annealing) has a significant effect on the evolution of the structure of hafnium bronze upon dynamic channel-angular pressing (DCAP). Upon annealing, hafnium becomes bound into particles of the intermetallic compound Cu5Hf, and the annealed samples are only insignificantly strengthened upon DCAP. Upon quenching, Hf remains in the solid solution

Abstract This article presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of proximity of a ferromagnetic dielectric with in-plane magnetization (Y3Fe5O12) on the superconducting transition in planar hybrid Y3Fe5O12/Nb and Y3Fe5O12/Al structures. The temperature dependence of the superconductor resistance changes due to the proximity of the magnetic dielectric: the superconducting transition

Abstract A system containing four alternating ferromagnetic and superconducting layers (F1/S1/F2/S2) is examined in this work. The state of this contact may be controlled by an external magnetic field. The critical temperature of the superconducting transition and the Josephson current are calculated theoretically at different thicknesses and collinear orientations of magnetizations of ferromagnetic

Abstract This work studies the behavior of magnetic skyrmions forming on columnar defects of potential well type in uniaxial ferromagnetic films in a magnetic field. It is shown that their structure, which is characterized by three sections of magnetic moment rotation, undergoes a series of transformations in a magnetic field. Critical fields for the restructuring of their structure, which substantially

Abstract The effects of three activating fluxes, SiO2, TiO2, and MoO3, in tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process on penetration, morphology, and mechanical properties of weld joint were investigated by bead on plate welding on 2219 aluminum alloy. Experimental results showed that a noticeable increase in the weld penetration and depth to with ratio was obtained by using activating fluxes. Among all

Abstract The formation of nanoscale layers on the VT6 titanium alloy surface by ion-beam mixing of carbon with the N+ ion implantation is investigated in this work. Ion-beam mixing in the transition layer of a film–carbon system on the VT6 alloy surface has been found to provide conditions for the formation of titanium carbides and nitrides. The thin surface layer (~10–20 nm) of the samples after both

Abstract The effect of multidirectional forging on the grain structure and parameters of secondary-phase particles in the Al–4.8Mg–1.2Mn–0.1Cr alloy has been investigated using the methods of the scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The multidirectional forging performed at a temperature of 350°C to a cumulative strain of 10.5 has resulted in a 1.5 decrease in average particle sizes of the

Abstract—Phase transitions in the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the body-centered cubic lattice were studied using the replica algorithm of the Monte Carlo method, taking into account the interactions between the first and second neighbors. The investigations were performed for the ratio of the value of the exchange interactions between the nearest and second neighbors in the range 0.0 ≤ r

Abstract In the present work, dependences of lamellar spacing (λ), microhardness (HV), and ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) on growth rate (V) were investigated in the Al–Cu–Ti (Al–33 wt % Cu–0.1 wt % Ti) eutectic alloy. For these purposes, the Al–Cu–Ti eutectic alloy was solidified at a constant temperature gradient of 6.45 K mm–1 with a wide range of growth rates, from 8.58 to 2038.65 µm/s. Then

Abstract Phase transitions in multiferroics with spatially modulated structures as ground states are studied in this work. The key physical mechanisms needed to implement modulated states of various kinds (cycloidal and helicoidal magnetic phases) and the conditions of phase transitions within modulated states are discussed. The domain of physical parameters where the ground state of the spin cycloid

Abstract The structure, phase composition, and local chemical composition of half-finished products (rods) made from Ti–Al–Mo–Zr–Si- and Ti–Al–Mo–Zr–Sn–Si-based alloys additionally microalloyed with 0.4 wt % gadolinium have been studied in this work. The structure of the rod made from the Gd-alloyed Ti–Al–Mo–Zr–Si composition was found to be characterized by the presence of Gd2O3 gadolinium oxide particles

Abstract This work studies the effect of single and double tempering at various temperatures on the mechanical properties of a new corrosion-resistant high-chromium (13% Cr) economically alloyed pipe steel quenched from an intercritical temperature interval. The existence of a maximum of impact toughness and minimum of yield strength at equal temperatures on the dependences of these quantities on the

Abstract Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Mo–(0 and 0.5 at %) Si intermetallic alloys were synthesized by electric current- assisted sintering (ECAS). Microstructures of the alloys were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods of analysis. It was found that the microstructures of the produced alloys consist of α2-Ti3Al and γ-TiAl

Abstract Biomedical engineering is the most promising field for the application of ferrogels as scaffolds for cell culturing in regenerative medicine, targeted drug delivery, and biosensorics. This study is focused on the contribution of ferric-oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the biocompatibility of ferrogels with human dermal fibroblasts. The results of experiments with polyacrylamide gels

Abstract— X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy have been used for the first time to carry out in situ systematical studies of the structure and phase transformations in the Heusler alloy Ni54Mn21Ga25 with an L21 structure after megaplastic deformation by high pressure torsion. Deformation by high pressure torsion has been found to refine the

Abstract High strength Aluminum Alloy (AA8079) was synthesized through powder metallurgy (PM) technique and the effect of PM parameters on the properties was investigated based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array experimental design. The compaction pressure, sintering temperature, and sintering time were chosen as input parameters and the properties such as hardness, compressive strength, and density were

Abstract The structure and phase composition of biocompatible titanium alloys of composition (wt %) Ti–10Zr–1.2Nb–1.5Al, Ti–6Al–4V (ELI), Ti–15Mo, and Ti–36.1Nb–3.8Zr–2.4Ta–1.9Sn have been studied in a hot-deformed state using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The analysis of mechanical tensile properties has been performed depending on the structure and the aluminum strength

Abstract The fine structure of low-carbon low-alloy pipe steel after controlled thermomechanical processing and subsequent austenitization at 980°C is studied in this work using scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods. The evolution of austenite decomposition products with an increase in the cooling rate from the austenitic region from 35 to 500 deg/s is described. The martensitic-austenitic

Abstract—The evolution of the microstructure and phase composition of the eutectic Al–Zn–Mg–Fe–Ni alloy subjected to severe plastic deformation by high pressure torsion has been investigated during annealing. The deformation treatment has resulted in a composite with a nanostructured matrix, namely, an Al solid solution alloyed with zinc and magnesium, and comprising submicron Al9FeNi aluminides. The

Abstract—The dynamic properties of commercial copper (99.8 wt % purity) with a submicrocrystalline and nanocrystalline structure obtained by high-strain-rate deformation using the dynamic channel-angular pressing (DCAP) method have been studied in this work. The tests were carried out under conditions of shock compression at a pressure of 5.6−6.8 GPa at a strain-rate of (0.9−2.0) × 105 s–1. The analysis

Abstract—We showed that stress-annealing performed under proper conditions can improve magnetic softness, domain wall (DW) velocity and giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect of Fe-based microwires. One order of magnitude improvement of GMI ratio and more than 100% increase of DW velocity have been achieved by stress-annealing. Observed dependencies have been related to the domain structure modification

Abstract This paper presents the results of the study of the structure of samples manufactured using the selective laser melting (SLM) method of a powder of stainless austenitic chromium–nickel steel (Mn 1.3%; Si 0.7%; Cr 16.6%; Ni 10.6%; Mo 2.4%; Fe for balance). It has been shown that there are uniformly distributed spherical particles with an average size of 70 nm and large inclusions 10–50 microns

Abstract The orientation relationship between the niobium matrix and γNb5Si3 silicides: [111]Nb//[0001]γ and (110)Nb//(10\(\bar {1}\)0)γ in the Nb–Si eutectic composite has been determined in this work. Within the edge-to-edge matching model, an estimation of the size misfit between the interatomic and interplanar distances of the matched phases has been made. Using direct resolution transmission electron

Abstract This study is to fabricate a composite substrate (Ni7W/Ni12W/Ni7W) with weak magnetization, strong reinforcement, and improved cube texture via Rolling Assisted Biaxially Textured Substrates (RABiTS) route. The formation of cube texture with reduction in twin boundaries due to recrystallization annealing was investigated thoroughly. The optimized recrystallization annealing process revealed

Abstract Anti-commutator Green’s functions and the energy spectra of C24 fullerene with the symmetry groups D6, D6d, and Oh are obtained in analytical form within the Hubbard model, in the mean-field approximation. Using the methods of group theory, the classification of energy states is carried out and the allowed transitions in the energy spectra of C24 fullerene are determined.

Abstract A system of coupled kinetic equations for the electron density and spin density distribution functions has been obtained based on the quantum kinetic equation. The collision integrals in the kinetic equations are written for an arbitrary scattering potential, taking into account the spin-orbit interaction of conduction electrons with scattering defects. As applied to the spin system of conduction

Abstract— Structure and mechanical characteristics of the 12Kh15G9ND stainless austenitic steel (wt %: Fe‒0.12C–(14.0–16.5)Cr–(8.5–10.5)Mn–(1.0–1.5)Ni–2.0Cu–0.060P–0.030S–0.2N) after high-temperature helical rolling followed by cold longitudinal rolling was studied by optical metallography, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, EBSD analysis, and mechanical

Abstract—The microhardness, the structure of the maraging steel (MAS) 03N18K3M3T, and its susceptibility to delayed fracture (DF) after various regimes of treatment, including surface irradiation with argon ions Ar+ with an energy of 40 keV have been studied in this work. It has been shown that the most significant improvement in the properties (maximum hardness and minimum strength decrease upon DF)

Abstract In this work the formation of strong recrystallization cube texture in heavily rolled Ni–9.3 at % W has been studied. During the cold rolling (also known as recovery-rolling) process the deformation texture of Ni–9.3 at % W alloy (further notated as Ni9W) transforms to Copper-type rolling texture, and after annealing, a sharp cube texture is generated. It is remarkably strong recrystallization

Abstract Ultrahigh level of strength, toughness, good weldability, and also weight reduction are the key issues in the automotive and structural industries for improving fuel efficiency and the economy of structure fabrication. The present investigation has produced an ultrahigh strength low carbon Cu bearing steel through the thermo-mechanically controlled processing (TMCP). Here Cu not only acts

Abstract—The phase transformations in the Heusler alloys of Ni(Co)–Mn(Cr,C)–In and Ni(Co)–Mn(Cr,C)–Sn(Al) have been studied in this work using the density-functional theory. The possibility of martensitic phase transitions from the cubic L21-structure into tetragonal L10-state has been predicted, and the transition temperatures have been estimated. Energetically favorable magnetic configurations, lattice

Abstract This work investigates the magnetization of a superconductor induced by the proximity effect in bilayers containing a superconductor and a ferromagnetic insulator using the Green’s functions method. The simulation was carried out using the quasi-classical approximation; the Usadel equations were solved using boundary conditions specially developed for strongly ferromagnetic materials. The

Abstract—Spectral and temperature dependences of the magneto-optical transversal Kerr effect (TKE) of GaMnAs layers prepared by different methods are reported in this work. The GaMnAs layers prepared by pulsed laser sputtering at 300°С demonstrate a ferromagnetic behavior below 80 K, which is due to the presence of local ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As areas in the paramagnetic matrix. The Ga(In)MnAs layers

Abstract The dynamics of the response of the magnetic moment of two oppositely oriented nanoparticles with different values of uniaxial anisotropy to the action of a short Gaussian pulse of magnetic field is studied in this work. The dependence of the response duration on the pulse parameters is established. It is shown that, by selecting the duration and/or amplitude of the pulse, it is possible to