In this study, the microstructure evolutions and mechanical properties of lean duplex stainless steel 2101 were evaluated at different annealing temperatures and a strain rate of 1s‐1. The experimental results show that the ratio of ferrite to austenite (α/γ) is increased among 950‐1250℃ in totally, but a turning temperature range occurred at 1000‐1050℃ due to dissolution of the Cr2N precipitates along

Low‐alloyed, multiphase, high‐strength steels are strong and tough with good weldabilities and high cost‐to‐performance ratios. They have long‐term research value and broad application prospects. However, there are many types of phase transformations and complicated transformation processes that occur in these steels, which must be studied in detail. Understanding the phase transformations and their

In this paper, particle swarm optimization is used to quickly require the optimal composition range for the pearlitic steel. Four groups within the obtained composition range are selected to prepare the steel. Microstructural and mechanical analysis of pearlitic steel were performed and the results emphasize the significant impacts of elemental Si. The refinement of pearlite interlamellar spacing with

A novel concept of hybrid treatment for steels is presented. The goal is to produce a hard interstitially‐hardened/stabilized‐austenite layer, with an expected improved wear and corrosion resistance, in the surface of high‐hardenability steels. The novelty is in the fact that the thermochemical treatment is performed in the steel metastable‐austenite field, above the martensite‐start temperature, during

This research presents numerical modeling and experimental results on thin strips of Fe‐21%Mn‐2.5%Al‐2.8%Si‐0.08 %C wt.%. steel, obtained using the HSBC process. It was found through CFD studies, that the free stream of the molten metal, exiting from a nozzle slot, can become highly unstable and non‐uniform, after interacting with a 30° inclined refractory plane of a delivery system. However, increasing

TiN inclusions are known to exacerbate slag rimming and nozzle clogging during continuous casting of Ti‐bearing steels. This paper studied the effect of TiO2 and TiN on the viscosity and fluidity of a fluorine‐free (F‐free) mold flux, as well as the corresponding precipitated crystalline phase. Higher TiO2 was found to lower the viscosity and increased the strip length of the molten slag at TiO2 contents

A mathematical model of COREX process with top gas recycling technology has been developed based on mass and heat balances. In this study, the influence of top gas recycling on the operation parameters of COREX process are investigated. The results show that the theoretical combustion temperature is significantly affected by gas injection, and the theoretical combustion temperature can be reduced by

Thermophysical properties of liquid metal alloys play a crucial role in the variety of process. Present work reports experimental investigations of two new TRIP‐steels. Classical Maximum Bubble Pressure technique was successfully employed to measure surface tension and density of the liquid TRIP‐steel samples in the temperatures range of 1500 to 1800 °C. Experiments were performed in two different

The dissimilar friction stir welding (FSW) of 2205 duplex stainless steel (2205 DSS) and 304 austenitic stainless steel (304 ASS) was performed with various parameters. The effect of material position and tool offset on material flow and mixing, the microstructure and mechanical properties of joints are investigated and the relationship between tool torque and material flow is determined. With tool

It is a challenge to produce peritectic steels through Compact Strip Production (CSP) technology, due to the large volume shrinkage during the initial solidification of peritectic steels and dramatic thermodynamics variation caused by the significant improvement of casting speed. This study is conducted to develop two mold fluxes to meet the demands for producing peritectic steels by CSP technology

In this study, microstructural alteration of alloyed steel by variation in process parameters was investigated using a powder bed deposition technology commonly available in industry as a direct metal laser melting (DMLM) machine. Two sets of process parameters with high and low heat inputs were used to print the specimens. Results showed that modifications in the microstructure as a function of process

The usage of electromagnetic actuators in the continuous steel casting process is on a steady rise, due to its possibilities for a sophisticated, contactless flow control. The complexity of the casting process and the ever‐increasing quality demands require a well‐founded knowledge of the interaction between the electromagnetic actuators and the liquid steel flow. Numeric modelling provides a detailed

Recently published papers have enhanced the importance of understanding phase transformations in rail eutectoid steels in an attempt to improve their manufacturing and welding processes. In this study, the kinetics of isothermal phase transformations of three eutectoid steels used in railways around the world were evaluated. Computer simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of steel chemical

The development of air‐hardening martensitic forging (LHD) steels offers high material performance with a short and simple process route. Five alloys (L1‐L5), based on the existing LHD alloy concept but with different contents of aluminium, titanium, boron and molybdenum, were cast at laboratory scale. The casted blocks were hot forged into semi‐finished products and cooled in air (uncontrolled). The

The RecoDust‐process is a pyrometallurgical approach for the treatment of heavy metal containing dusts from the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and delivers two products without any residues: the iron rich RecoDust‐slag and a zinc rich filter dust, called “crude zinc oxide”. The state of the art Waelz‐process has some disadvantages and is only suitable for dusts with zinc contents > 20 %. Within the frame

The blast furnace is worldwide the dominant metallic product supplier for crude steel production. This process has reached an extreme high technological standard with large efficiency and low reductant rates. Independently from the fact that the blast furnace process has nearly achieved the theoretical minimum in energy consumption it enables the operators a wide range of operation modes with a high