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Outsiders‐within‐Library and Information Science: Reprioritizing the marginalized in critical sociocultural work J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Nicole A. Cooke; Vanessa L. Kitzie
While there are calls for new paradigms within the profession, there are also existing subgenres that fit this bill if they would be fully acknowledged. This essay argues that underrepresented and otherwise marginalized scholars have already produced significant work within social, cultural, and community‐oriented paradigms; social justice and advocacy; and, diversity, equity, and inclusion. This work
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Conjoint analysis of researchers' hidden preferences for bibliometrics, altmetrics, and usage metrics J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Steffen Lemke; Athanasios Mazarakis; Isabella Peters
The amount of annually published scholarly articles is growing steadily, as is the number of indicators through which impact of publications is measured. Little is known about how the increasing variety of available metrics affects researchers' processes of selecting literature to read. We conducted ranking experiments embedded into an online survey with 247 participating researchers, most from social
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Can loyalty be pursued and achieved? An extended RFD model to understand and predict user loyalty to mobile apps J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Chuang Wang; Rongxin Zhou; Matthew K. O. Lee
Although millions of mobile apps have been published in the app store, the majority are seldom downloaded or used. This phenomenon has intensified the competition among service providers for user loyalty. There were plenty of studies investigating user loyalty in the mobile‐app context; nevertheless, most failed to identify those true loyalty users who embraced attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. To
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Power in the U.S. political economy: A network analysis J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Nishant Malik; David Spencer; Quang Neo Bui
Many features of the U.S. political economy arise from the interactions between large political and economic institutions, and yet we know little about the nature of their interactions and the power distribution between these institutions. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of networks of U.S.‐based organizations, where edges represent three different kinds of relationships, namely owner–owned
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How is science clicked on Twitter? Click metrics for Bitly short links to scientific publications J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Zhichao Fang; Rodrigo Costas; Wencan Tian; Xianwen Wang; Paul Wouters
To provide some context for the potential engagement behavior of Twitter users around science, this article investigates how Bitly short links to scientific publications embedded in scholarly Twitter mentions are clicked on Twitter. Based on the click metrics of over 1.1 million Bitly short links referring to Web of Science (WoS) publications, our results show that around 49.5% of them were not clicked
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The major life events taxonomy: Social readjustment, social media information sharing, and online network separation during times of life transition J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Oliver L. Haimson; Albert J. Carter; Shanley Corvite; Brookelyn Wheeler; Lingbo Wang; Tianxiao Liu; Alexxus Lige
When people experience major life changes, this often impacts their self‐presentation, networks, and online behavior in substantial ways. To effectively study major life transitions and events, we surveyed a large U.S. sample (n = 554) to create the Major Life Events Taxonomy, a list of 121 life events in 12 categories. We then applied this taxonomy to a second large U.S. survey sample (n = 775) to
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Algorithmic labeling in hierarchical classifications of publications: Evaluation of bibliographic fields and term weighting approaches J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Peter Sjögårde; Per Ahlgren; Ludo Waltman
Algorithmic classifications of research publications can be used to study many different aspects of the science system, such as the organization of science into fields, the growth of fields, interdisciplinarity, and emerging topics. How to label the classes in these classifications is a problem that has not been thoroughly addressed in the literature. In this study, we evaluate different approaches
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Young people's information practices in library makerspaces J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Xiaofeng Li
While there have been a growing number of studies on makerspaces in different disciplines, little is known about how young people interact with information in makerspaces. This study aimed to unpack how young people (middle and high schoolers) sought, used, and shared information in voluntary free‐choice library makerspace activities. Qualitative methods, including individual interviews, observations
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An iSchool approach to data science: Human‐centered, socially responsible, and context‐driven J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Chirag Shah; Theresa Anderson; Loni Hagen; Yin Zhang
The Information Schools, also referred to as iSchools, have a unique approach to data science with three distinct components: human‐centeredness, socially responsible, and rooted in context. In this position paper, we highlight and expand on these components and show how they are integrated in various research and educational activities related to data science that are being carried out at iSchools
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Investigative approaches to researching information technology companies J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Daniel Carter; Amelia Acker; Dan Sholler
Recent events reveal the potential for information technologies to threaten democratic participation and destabilize knowledge institutions. These are core concerns for researchers working within the area of critical information studies—yet these companies have also demonstrated novel tactics for obscuring their operations, reducing the ability of scholars to speak about how harms are perpetuated or
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Predicting essay quality from search and writing behavior J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Pertti Vakkari; Michael Völske; Martin Potthast; Matthias Hagen; Benno Stein
Few studies have investigated how search behavior affects complex writing tasks. We analyze a dataset of 150 long essays whose authors searched the ClueWeb09 corpus for source material, while all querying, clicking, and writing activity was meticulously recorded. We model the effect of search and writing behavior on essay quality using path analysis. Since the boil‐down and build‐up writing strategies
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Collaborative qualitative research at scale: Reflections on 20 years of acquiring global data and making data global J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Christine L. Borgman; Morgan F. Wofford; Milena S. Golshan; Peter T. Darch
A 5‐year project to study scientific data uses in geography, starting in 1999, evolved into 20 years of research on data practices in sensor networks, environmental sciences, biology, seismology, undersea science, biomedicine, astronomy, and other fields. By emulating the “team science” approaches of the scientists studied, the UCLA Center for Knowledge Infrastructures accumulated a comprehensive collection
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Understanding information: Adding a non‐individualistic lens J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 Yuanye Ma
The individualistic lens refers to the understanding of problematic information as something that is clearly identifiable, with objective criteria of measurement. This article argues for adding a non‐individualistic lens for understanding information. The necessity for adding a non‐individualistic lens grows from that the existing individualistic lens appears inadequate to make sense of information
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How do multilingual users search? An investigation of query and result list language choices J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 Ben Steichen; Ryan Lowe
Many users of search systems are multilingual, that is, they are proficient in two or more languages. In order to better understand and support the language preferences and behaviors of such multilingual users, this paper presents a series of five large‐scale studies that specifically elicit language choices regarding search queries and result lists. Overall, the results from the studies indicate that
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The migration and preservation of six Norwegian municipality record‐keeping systems: Lessons learned J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Thomas Soedring; Pia Borlund; Markus Helfert
This article presents a rare insight into the migration of municipality record‐keeping databases. The migration of a database for preservation purposes poses several challenges. In particular, our findings show that relevant issues are file‐format heterogeneity, collection volume, time and database structure evolution, and deviation from the governing standard. This article presents and discusses how
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On the causal relation between real world activities and emotional expressions of social media users J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Seyed Amin Mirlohi Falavarjani; Jelena Jovanovic; Hossein Fani; Ali A. Ghorbani; Zeinab Noorian; Ebrahim Bagheri
Social interactions through online social media have become a daily routine of many, and the number of those whose real world (offline) and online lives have become intertwined is continuously growing. As such, the interplay of individuals' online and offline activities has been the subject of numerous research studies, the majority of which explored the impact of people's online actions on their offline
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Whither wilderness? An investigation of technology use by long‐distance backpackers J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 Ed Hyatt; Morgan Harvey; Matthew Pointon; Perla Innocenti
The popular outdoor pursuit of backpacking is profoundly changing as the community embraces contemporary information technologies. However, there is little empirical evidence on the adoption and use of consumer electronics by backpackers, nor the implications this has for their habits, practices, and interactions. We investigate long‐distance backpackers' articulations with mobile information technology
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Topic diversity: A discipline scheme‐free diversity measurement for journals J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 Yi Bu; Mengyang Li; Weiye Gu; Win‐bin Huang
Scientometrics has many citation‐based measurements for characterizing diversity, but most of these measurements depend on human‐designed categories and the granularity of discipline classifications sometimes does not allow in‐depth analysis. As such, the current paper proposes a new measurement for quantifying journals' diversity by utilizing the abstracts of scientific publications in journals, namely
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Predicting users' continued engagement in online health communities from the quantity and quality of received support J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Xiangyu Wang; Andrew High; Xi Wang; Kang Zhao
Online health communities (OHCs) have been major resources for people with similar health concerns to interact with each other. They offer easily accessible platforms for users to seek, receive, and provide supports by posting. Taking the advantage of text mining and machine learning techniques, we identified social support type(s) in each post and a new user's support needs in an OHC. We examined
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Describing, organizing, and maintaining video game development artifacts J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Claire McDonald; Marc Schmalz; Allee Monheim; Stephen Keating; Kelsey Lewin; Frank Cifaldi; Jin Ha Lee
Game development artifacts resulting from the creation process of video games, such as design documents, style guides, test builds, and marketing materials, provide rich contextual information about how and why the game was created. Better organizing and preserving these materials will not only enrich our understanding of the history of these media but also educate and inspire the next generation of
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Term position‐based language model for information retrieval J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Arezki Hammache; Mohand Boughanem
Term position feature is widely and successfully used in IR and Web search engines, to enhance the retrieval effectiveness. This feature is essentially used for two purposes: to capture query terms proximity or to boost the weight of terms appearing in some parts of a document. In this paper, we are interested in this second category. We propose two novel query‐independent techniques based on absolute
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Enhancing keyphrase extraction from microblogs using human reading time J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Yingyi Zhang; Chengzhi Zhang
The premise of manual keyphrase annotation is to read the corresponding content of an annotated object. Intuitively, when we read, more important words will occupy a longer reading time. Hence, by leveraging human reading time, we can find the salient words in the corresponding content. However, previous studies on keyphrase extraction ignore human reading features. In this article, we aim to leverage
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“Heterogeneous couplings”: Operationalizing network perspectives to study science‐society interactions through social media metrics J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 Rodrigo Costas; Sarah de Rijcke; Noortje Marres
Social media metrics have a genuine networked nature, reflecting the networking characteristics of the social media platform from where they are derived. This networked nature has been relatively less explored in the literature on altmetrics, although new network‐level approaches are starting to appear. A general conceptualization of the role of social media networks in science communication, and particularly
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Orthogonality, dependency, and music: An exploration of the relationships between music facets J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-06 Deborah Lee; Lyn Robinson; David Bawden
The classification of Western art music is a complex area of knowledge organization, yet the reasons for those complexities have not been fully studied. This research dissects the concept of orthogonality, in particular regard to music classification. Orthogonality (antonym: dependency) means that one facet acts independently from another facet. Although orthogonality is an assumed quality of facets
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Authority and priority signals in automatic summary generation for online reputation management J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Javier Rodríguez‐Vidal; Jorge Carrillo‐de‐Albornoz; Julio Gonzalo; Laura Plaza
Online reputation management (ORM) comprises the collection of techniques that help monitoring and improving the public image of an entity (companies, products, institutions) on the Internet. The ORM experts try to minimize the negative impact of the information about an entity while maximizing the positive material for being more trustworthy to the customers. Due to the huge amount of information
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Transforming public records management: Six key insights J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Paula Dootson; Mary Tate; Kevin C. Desouza; Peter Townson
Records management in the public sector is integral for delivering public good. However, several institutional challenges inhibit the required implementation of innovative and information‐centric tools to transform records management in response to the challenges of digitization and to capitalize on new opportunities in the digital economy. In this article, we make recommendations to overcome institutional
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Epistemology, epistemic belief, personal epistemology, and epistemics: A review of concepts as they impact information behavior research J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-27 Matthew Kelly
A review of a range of epistemic concepts that are commonly researched was conducted with reference to conventional epistemology and with reference to foundational approaches to justification. These were assessed in relation to previous research undertaken linking information behavior and experience with paradigm, metatheory, and discourse. This research assesses how the epistemic concept is treated
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Resonance and the experience of relevance J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Ian Ruthven
In this article, I propose the concept of resonance as a useful one for describing what it means to experience relevance. Based on an extensive interdisciplinary review, I provide a novel framework that presents resonance as a spectrum of experience with a multitude of outcomes ranging from a sense of harmony and coherence to life transformation. I argue that resonance has different properties to the
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Mapping the online presence of small local sporting clubs J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Stephen Burgess; Craig M. Parker; Scott Bingley
The contribution of local (“grassroots”) sporting clubs to their economies amounts to billions of dollars. These clubs typically rely on volunteers who use Internet platforms (such as websites and social media) to support their roles. Use of the Internet can assist these volunteers by facilitating improved information access, communication, and efficiency. Little is known about how local sporting clubs
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Follow the leader: Documents on the leading edge of semantic change get more citations J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Sandeep Soni; Kristina Lerman; Jacob Eisenstein
Diachronic word embeddings—vector representations of words over time—offer remarkable insights into the evolution of language and provide a tool for quantifying sociocultural change from text documents. Prior work has used such embeddings to identify shifts in the meaning of individual words. However, simply knowing that a word has changed in meaning is insufficient to identify the instances of word
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Innovation adoption: Broadcasting versus virality J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Yujia Zhai; Ying Ding; Hezhao Zhang
Diffusion channels are critical to determining the adoption scale, which leads to the ultimate impact of an innovation. The aim of this study is to develop an integrative understanding of the impact of two diffusion channels (i.e., broadcasting vs. virality) on innovation adoption. Using citations of a series of classic algorithms and the time series of co‐authorship as the footprints of their diffusion
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Authors' noninstitutional emails and their correlation with retraction J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Xiaomei Liu; Xiaotian Chen
We collected research articles from Retraction Watch database, Scopus, and a major retraction announcement by Springer, to identify emails used by authors. Authors' emails can be institutional emails and noninstitutional emails. Data suggest that retracted articles are more likely to use noninstitutional emails, but it is difficult to generalize. The study put some focus on authors from China.
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Information informing design: Information Science research with implications for the design of digital information environments J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 Stephann Makri
This debut curated “virtual special issue” of JASIST is on the theme of “information informing design.” It comprises several excellent scholarly research articles previously published in JASIST with important implications for the design of digital information environments. It covers articles that motivate the need for Information Science research to inform design and those that have empirically examined
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The measurement of “interdisciplinarity” and “synergy” in scientific and extra‐scientific collaborations J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-03 Loet Leydesdorff; Inga Ivanova
Problem solving often requires crossing boundaries, such as those between disciplines. When policy‐makers call for “interdisciplinarity,” however, they often mean “synergy.” Synergy is generated when the whole offers more possibilities than the sum of its parts. An increase in the number of options above the sum of the options in subsets can be measured as redundancy; that is, the number of not‐yet‐realized
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Understanding the stability of medical concept embeddings J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-10-02 Grace E. Lee; Aixin Sun
Frequency is one of the major factors for training quality word embeddings. Several studies have recently discussed the stability of word embeddings in general domain and suggested factors influencing the stability. In this work, we conduct a detailed analysis on the stability of concept embeddings in medical domain, particularly in relations with concept frequency. The analysis reveals the surprising
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Understanding and predicting future research impact at different career stages—A social network perspective J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 Zhiya Zuo; Kang Zhao
Performance assessment is ubiquitous and crucial in people analytics. Scientific impact, particularly, plays a significant role in the academia. This paper attempts to understand researchers' career trajectories by considering the research community as a social network, where individuals build ties with each other via coauthorship. The resulting linkage facilitates information flow and affects researchers'
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Discovering underlying sensations of human emotions based on social media J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 Jun Lee; Adam Jatowt; Kyoung‐Sook Kim
Analyzing social media has become a common way for capturing and understanding people's opinions, sentiments, interests, and reactions to ongoing events. Social media has thus become a rich and real‐time source for various kinds of public opinion and sentiment studies. According to psychology and neuroscience, human emotions are known to be strongly dependent on sensory perceptions. Although sensation
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One size does not fit all: A study of badge behavior in stack overflow J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Stav Yanovsky; Nicholas Hoernle; Omer Lev; Kobi Gal
Badges are endemic to online interaction sites, from question and answer (Q&A) websites to ride sharing, as systems for rewarding participants for their contributions. This article studies how badge design affects people's contributions and behavior over time. Past work has shown that badges “steer” people's behavior toward substantially increasing the amount of contributions before obtaining the badge
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Validation of a survey for measuring scientists' attitudes toward data reuse J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Christa E. Winkler; Rebecca Fay Berenbon
This study investigated the validity of a survey measuring scientists' attitudes toward data reuse. Rasch analysis was used to examine the psychometric properties of the survey. Structural equation modeling was subsequently used to examine the validity of hypothesized relationships among the constructs measured by the survey. Overall, findings supported validity of the existing measure for use among
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Research data management policy and practice in Chinese university libraries J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-22 Yingshen Huang; Andrew M. Cox; Laura Sbaffi
On April 2, 2018, the State Council of China formally released a national Research Data Management (RDM) policy “Measures for Managing Scientific Data”. In this context and given that university libraries have played an important role in supporting RDM at an institutional level in North America, Europe, and Australasia, the aim of this article is to explore the current status of RDM in Chinese universities
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Explicit diversification of search results across multiple dimensions for educational search J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 Sevgi Yigit‐Sert; Ismail Sengor Altingovde; Craig Macdonald; Iadh Ounis; Özgür Ulusoy
Making use of search systems to foster learning is an emerging research trend known as search as learning. Earlier works identified result diversification as a useful technique to support learning‐oriented search, since diversification ensures a comprehensive coverage of various aspects of the queried topic in the result list. Inspired by this finding, first we define a new research problem, multidimensional
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How users' knowledge of advertisements influences their viewing and selection behavior in search engines J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Sebastian Schultheiß; Dirk Lewandowski
According to recent studies, search engine users have little knowledge of Google's business model. In addition, users cannot sufficiently distinguish organic results from advertisements, resulting in result selections under false assumptions. Following on from that, this study examines how users' understanding of search‐based advertising influences their viewing and selection behavior on desktop computer
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Join the club? Peer effects on information value perception J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 Yonit Rusho; Daphne R. Raban
While it is widely recognized that value perception increases when individuals engage in making physical objects, the impact of peer presence on value perception during production or consumption has not been studied. Peer production is prevalent for information products, which are the focus of the present study. Most research to date has focused on value as perceived by consumers, while consumers are
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Using information science to enhance educational preventing violent extremism programs J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 Kevin Wong; Geoff Walton; Gavin Bailey
Educational preventing violent extremism (EPVE) programs have had (to date) little if any theoretical underpinning. Given their proliferation in jurisdictions such as Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and other European countries, such an absence is notable but not unexpected given the political sensitivities attached to them. These programs remain an emerging policy area which is still “finding
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Data curation as collective action during COVID‐19 J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 Kalpana Shankar; Wei Jeng; Andrea Thomer; Nicholas Weber; Ayoung Yoon
In this commentary, the authors, an international group data curation researchers and educators, reflect on some of the challenges and opportunities for data curation in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We focus on some topics of particular interest to the information science community: data infrastructures for scholarly communication and research, the politicization of data curation and visualization
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Framing a discussion on paradigm shift(s) in the field of information J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 Rong Tang; Bharat Mehra; Jia Tina Du; Yuxiang (Chris) Zhao
In this opinion paper, we frame a discussion on paradigm shift(s) in the field of information. We believe that in this astonishing historical moment of new directions and new opportunities both the existing paradigms and conceptual models in the field of information can benefit from re‐examination to stay current with the times. We propose a framework articulating key narratives associated with the
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The emergence, peak, and abeyance of an online information ground: The lifecycle of a Facebook group for verifying information during violence J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-24 Abdul Rohman
Information grounds emerge as people share information with others in a common place. Many studies have investigated the emergence of information grounds in public places. This study pays attention to the emergence, peak, and abeyance of an online information ground. It investigates a Facebook group used by youth for sharing information when misinformation spread wildly during the 2011 violence in
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Hierarchical attention model for personalized tag recommendation J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-23 Jianshan Sun; Mingyue Zhu; Yuanchun Jiang; Yezheng Liu; Le Wu
With the development of Web‐based social networks, many personalized tag recommendation approaches based on multi‐information have been proposed. Due to the differences in users' preferences, different users care about different kinds of information. In the meantime, different elements within each kind of information are differentially informative for user tagging behaviors. In this context, how to
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Do new research issues attract more citations? A comparison between 25 Scopus subject categories J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Mike Thelwall; Pardeep Sud
Finding new ways to help researchers and administrators understand academic fields is an important task for information scientists. Given the importance of interdisciplinary research, it is essential to be aware of disciplinary differences in aspects of scholarship, such as the significance of recent changes in a field. This paper identifies potential changes in 25 subject categories through a term
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Medieval Spanish (12th–15th centuries) named entity recognition and attribute annotation system based on contextual information J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Mª Luisa Díez Platas; Salvador Ros Muñoz; Elena González‐Blanco; Pablo Ruiz Fabo; Elena Álvarez Mellado
The recognition of named entities in Spanish medieval texts presents great complexity, involving specific challenges: First, the complex morphosyntactic characteristics in proper‐noun use in medieval texts. Second, the lack of strict orthographic standards. Finally, diachronic and geographical variations in Spanish from the 12th to 15th century. In this period, named entities usually appear as complex
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Do better search engines really equate to better clinical decisions? If not, why not? J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Anton van der Vegt; Guido Zuccon; Bevan Koopman
Previous research has found that improved search engine effectiveness—evaluated using a batch‐style approach—does not always translate to significant improvements in user task performance; however, these prior studies focused on simple recall and precision‐based search tasks. We investigated the same relationship, but for realistic, complex search tasks required in clinical decision making. One hundred
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A flexible template generation and matching method with applications for publication reference metadata extraction J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-02 Ting‐Hao Yang; Yu‐Lun Hsieh; Shih‐Hung Liu; Yung‐Chun Chang; Wen‐Lian Hsu
Conventional rule‐based approaches use exact template matching to capture linguistic information and necessarily need to enumerate all variations. We propose a novel flexible template generation and matching scheme called the principle‐based approach (PBA) based on sequence alignment, and employ it for reference metadata extraction (RME) to demonstrate its effectiveness. The main contributions of this
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From bilingual to multilingual neural‐based machine translation by incremental training J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-08-02 Carlos Escolano; Marta R. Costa‐Jussà; José A. R. Fonollosa
A common intermediate language representation in neural machine translation can be used to extend bilingual systems by incremental training. We propose a new architecture based on introducing an interlingual loss as an additional training objective. By adding and forcing this interlingual loss, we can train multiple encoders and decoders for each language, sharing among them a common intermediate representation
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Do the stars align?: Stakeholders and strategies in libraries' curation of an astronomy dataset J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-07-18 Peter T. Darch; Ashley E. Sands; Christine L. Borgman; Milena S. Golshan
When developing university‐based research data curation services, libraries face critical decisions around organization and sustainability that can affect dataset producers' satisfaction with these services. We present a study, involving interviews (n = 43) and ethnographic observation, of how two libraries partnered with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to curate a significant astronomy dataset
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Cross‐modal retrieval with dual multi‐angle self‐attention J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-07-16 Wenjie Li; Yi Zheng; Yuejie Zhang; Rui Feng; Tao Zhang; Weiguo Fan
In recent years, cross‐modal retrieval has been a popular research topic in both fields of computer vision and natural language processing. There is a huge semantic gap between different modalities on account of heterogeneous properties. How to establish the correlation among different modality data faces enormous challenges. In this work, we propose a novel end‐to‐end framework named Dual Multi‐Angle
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More than plain text: Censorship deletion in the Chinese social media J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-07-06 Jun Liu; Jingyi Zhao
Although the Internet allows people to circulate messages using different media, most censorship studies discuss the removal of text content. This article presents a systematic study regarding the censorship of both plain text and multimedia content on the Chinese Internet. By analyzing both censored and surviving posts on the Chinese social media platform Weibo during the 2014 Hong Kong Umbrella Movement
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#BlockSidewalk to Barcelona: Technological sovereignty and the social license to operate smart cities J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 Monique Mann, Peta Mitchell, Marcus Foth, Irina Anastasiu
This article explores technological sovereignty as a way to respond to anxieties of control in digital urban contexts, and argues that this may promise a more meaningful social license to operate smart cities. First, we present an overview of smart city developments with a critical focus on corporatization and platform urbanism. We critique Alphabet's Sidewalk Labs development in Toronto, which faces
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Cultural factors and the role of privacy concerns in acceptance of government surveillance J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Nik Thompson, Tanya McGill, Anna Bunn, Rukshan Alexander
Though there is a tension between citizens' privacy concerns and their acceptance of government surveillance, there is little systematic research in this space and less still in a cross‐cultural context. We address the research gap by modeling the factors that drive public acceptance of government surveillance, and by exploring the influence of national culture. The research involved an online survey
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Artificial intelligence and the world of work, a co‐constitutive relationship J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Carsten Østerlund; Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi; Matthew Willis; Karen Boyd; Christine T. Wolf
The use of intelligent machines—digital technologies that feature data‐driven forms of customization, learning, and autonomous action—is rapidly growing and will continue to impact many industries and domains. This is consequential for communities of researchers, educators, and practitioners concerned with studying, supporting, and educating information professionals. In the face of new developments
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Loosen control without losing control: Formalization and decentralization within commons‐based peer production J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. (IF 2.41) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 David Rozas; Steven Huckle
This study considers commons‐based peer production (CBPP) by examining the organizational processes of the free/libre open‐source software community, Drupal. It does so by exploring the sociotechnical systems that have emerged around both Drupal's development and its face‐to‐face communitarian events. There has been criticism of the simplistic nature of previous research into free software; this study